instructional systems design an extended instructional systems design (isd) - valuable for...
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Instructional Systems Design Instructional Systems Design
An extended Instructional Systems Design (ISD) - valuable for developing
High Performance Training
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Fun with Instructional DesignFun with Instructional Design
Should be fun and fast! The most creative part of developing training
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AgendaAgenda
What Is Instructional Design? Instructional Systems Design (ISD) Extended ISD Creative Designing
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What Is Instructional Design?What Is Instructional Design?
Instructional design is the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of instructional materials (ADDIE)
There is a standard design model called Instructional Systems Design (ISD)– Developed by Dick and Cary (The Systematic
Design of Instruction -- 6th Edition, 2004)
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TerminologyTerminology
Learning Training Instruction Technology-Based Training e-Learning Learner-Based Training Web-Based Training (WBT) Blended Learning Learning 2.0 Training Glossary (references)
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Why Use a Systematic Process?Why Use a Systematic Process?
A systematic process is effective . . .– An effective way to develop training
– Ensures an appropriate process
– Flows from goals to objectives, to content, to instructional strategies
– Includes evaluations to insure that goals and objectives are met
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Instructional Design (ID)Instructional Design (ID)
The end-to-end process or methodology used to create a learning program
The document of a design for a specific program The major phases are summarized by the
acronym ADDIE Instructional Systems Design (ISD) is a
comprehensive model for instructional design There are other models and lots of theory A methodology is much better than a model
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ADDIE “Model”ADDIE “Model”
Analysis Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
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Analysis Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
• Needs Assessment• Project Plan• Goals
ADDIE ModelADDIE Model
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Analysis Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
• Audiences• Objectives• Task Analysis• Strategy• Prototypes
ADDIE ModelADDIE Model
• Needs Assessment• Project Plan• Goals
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AnalysisDesign
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
• Outline Content• Select Delivery• “Programming”
ADDIE ModelADDIE Model
• Needs Assessment• Project Plan• Goals
• Audiences• Objectives• Task Analysis• Strategy• Prototypes
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Analysis Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
• Delivery• Integration• LMS
ADDIE ModelADDIE Model
• Needs Assessment• Project Plan• Goals
• Audiences• Objectives• Task Analysis• Strategy• Prototypes
• Outline Content• Select Delivery• “Programming”
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AnalysisDesign
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
• Evaluation Plan• Testing• Reviews
ADDIE ModelADDIE Model
• Needs Assessment• Project Plan• Goals
• Audiences• Objectives• Task Analysis• Strategy• Prototypes
• Outline Content• Select Delivery• “Programming”
• Delivery• Integration• LMS
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Instructional Systems Design (ISD)Instructional Systems Design (ISD)
Identify Goals Instructional Analysis Analyze Audiences Write Performance Objectives Develop Assessment Instruments Develop Instructional Strategy Develop and Select Instruction Materials Formative Evaluation of Instruction Revise Instruction Conduct Summative EvaluationSource: Instructional Systems Design by Dick and Carey
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Instructional Systems Design Instructional Systems Design
Conduct Instructional Analysis
Conduct Instructional Analysis
Assess Needs to Identify Goal(s)
Assess Needs to Identify Goal(s)
Analyze Learners and Contexts
Analyze Learners and Contexts
Write Performance Objectives
Write Performance Objectives
Develop Assessment Instruments
Develop Assessment Instruments
Develop Instructional Strategy
Develop Instructional Strategy
Develop and Select Instructional Materials
Develop and Select Instructional Materials
Design and Conduct Formative Evaluation of Instruction
Design and Conduct Formative Evaluation of Instruction
Design and Conduct Summative Evaluation
Design and Conduct Summative Evaluation
Revise Instruction
Revise Instruction
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Extended ISD Extended ISD
What got left out: Preliminary planning Curricula that includes this course, module,
program Alternate performance interventions Multiple delivery methods (and triangulation)
– ILT, e-Learning, Learning and Support Portal Follow-up
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Corporate Objectives (Goals)Corporate Objectives (Goals)
. . . let's discuss one of the 10 steps . . . Goals are the purpose or objective of the
instruction. Usually stated in terms of performance.
Goal may be an New Initiative, a Problem, a Performance Improvement Need, or Something Else New
May include detailed objectives. May be incomplete or unclear There may be Ad Hoc Needs
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Everything can change!Everything can change!
Everything can change during the project! Plan on it! Get comfortable with it! Rapid application development (RAD) can
minimize problems with changes
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Iteration: Constant Review and RevisionIteration: Constant Review and Revision
Part of rapid application development Plan on it! Get comfortable with it! "One of the most important skills of a good
instructional designer is the ability to revise . . . . Good instructional design requires constant revision, elimination, and addition . . . . Your program is not written in stone until the day it is taught, and even then only for that day; you should begin making revisions for the next class based on what you learn in this one."
George Piskurich in Rapid Instructional Design
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Module ObjectivesModule Objectives
After completing this xxxx module you will be able to:
– Define – Describe – Explain– Install– Configure– Verify– Test– List– Use– Participate
– Troubleshoot– Recognize– Manage– Understand– Take advantage of– Summarize
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Example ObjectiveExample Objective
When shown a model of our solar system, students will be able to name all nine planets. Audience = Students Behavior = “name all nine planets” Condition = “when shown a model of our solar
system” Degree = ?
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Instructional Strategy Instructional Strategy
Pre-instructional activities, delivery methods, sequence, etc.
Allocation of pre-work, homework, and post-work– careful with homework - it really is optional work in
most cases Triangulation (blend of methods) Distribute between "course" and "more information"
– Can/should reduce the amount of material Possibles:
– Creating a set of online resources– Simulations, videos– Online discussion groups
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Instructional Systems Design Instructional Systems Design (continued)(continued)
ISD was created for instructor-led training– By university people and primarily for university
courses Nothing wrong with the ISD model, but . . .
– Nothing wrong in that context Doesn't consider e-learning, LSPs, or blends Doesn't include follow-up (e-mail, direct contact,
etc.) Doesn't include curriculum review, iteration;
process could be improved
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Extended Instructional Systems Design Extended Instructional Systems Design
The High Performance Training Model Include e-learning and learning and support portals Consider other performance improvement
interventions– Training may not be the best intervention
Design the course within a curriculum– One course or several, earlier courses, related
courses, Delivery triangulation Iteration is an important part of the process Include follow-up and management
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e-Learning Instructional Design is Differente-Learning Instructional Design is Different
Have many more powerful learning elements Modules tend to be short Can use a multi-level presentation
– Supports both shorter modules, and more complete information
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The Extended ISD ModelThe Extended ISD Model
+ Program Planning Conduct Instructional Analysis Analyze the Instructional Goal Analyze Learners and Contexts Write Performance Objectives + Design the course within a curriculum Develop Instructional Strategy Develop and Select Instruction Materials + Delivery Triangulation + Design e-learning elements including LSP Formative Evaluation of Instruction Revise Instruction Develop Assessment Instruments Conduct Evaluations + Design/Implement Follow-up Program
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Be Creative!Be Creative!
Think outside the box Use creative methods
– Brainstorm, mind maps Want something different, fun, engaging Think of alternative ways to present a topic
– Graphic, metaphor, case study
Be open to ideas!
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ISD CriticismISD Criticism
"Too much theory"– Too academic, dense, not accessible
"It takes too long" "It's too cumbersome" "We don't do that here" "We use ADDIE" Discussion
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ISD SummaryISD Summary
ISD has proven to be a systematic, effective model
. . . but needs to be extended for the HPT model Instructional Design is an Iterative Process
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What's NextWhat's Next
Practice! Your Project Use the resources More study