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Installation and Operations Manual
Structured Cabling Products
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Installation and Operations Manual
INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………...3
SECTION 1: TWISTED-PAIR CABLE
Twisted-Pair Cable …………………………………............................................. 4
The Difference Between Cat 5e, Cat 6 and Cat 6A Performance Levels .…… 5
Maximum Length of Horizontal Cable and Work Area Cords ………………….. 5
Bend Radius …………………………………………………………………………. 6
Handling Copper Cable during Installation………………………………………. 7
Clearance between Data and Power Cables…………………………………… 8
RJ45 Jacks and Connectors……………………………………………………….. 9
Cable Preparation and Connector Termination…………………………………10
Channel Infrastructure……………………………………………………………...14
SECTION 2: FIBER OPTICS
Fiber Optic Cable Types…………………………………………………...…..…..15
Supportable Distances and Attenuation ………………………………..…..…...16
Fiber Optic Connectors…………………………………………………..……..….18
Attachment Methods…………………………………………………...……….….19
Safety in Fiber Optic Installations…………………………………………………..20
Safety Rules for Fiber Optics………………………………………………………..22
Cable Preparation and Connector Termination…………………………………23
Fiber Optic Testing…………………………………………………………………..30
SECTION 3: CONDUIT FILL RECOMMENDATIONS
Conduit Fill Recommendations …………………………………………………...31
Fill Recommendation Table………………………………………………………..31
SECTION 4: ADMINISTRATION
Elements of an Administration System per the ANSI/TIA-606-A Standard ....... 32
Classes of Administration .............................................................................. 33
Content Page Instructions and Operations Manual
Infinique’s Extended Product Warranty provides a 25‐year product and applications assurance of compliance with the
industry performance standards appropriate to the class of cabling installed. This is a link performance warranty,
covering patch panel to outlet and may be applied for by an Authorized Infinique’s Channel Partner who has
designed, supplied and installed the system.
Infinique, a Canadian company is a manufacturer of high performance end-to-end solutions in copper, fiber and video
surveillance systems. For more information visit our website at www.infinique.com or email us at [email protected].
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Introduction Structured Cabling Systems
This Installation and Operation manual is a reference guide based on two new standards titled
ANSI/TIA-568-C.0 (Generic Telecommunications Cabling for Customer Premises), which is used for
generic infrastructures, and ANSI/TIA-568-C.1 (Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling
Standard, which is more commonly used with typical commercial building infrastructures.
These two standards are fully consistent with each other regarding the telecommunications
infrastructure topology. However, they occasionally use different terms for the same system
components.
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Twisted Pair Cable Copper Systems
Two insulated solid copper wires are twisted around each other, with adjacent pairs in a bundle
and this forms the twisted pair cable. Generally the twists are of different twist lengths, between 5
and 15 cm, to reduce crosstalk or electromagnetic induction.
In the construction of the twisted-pair cable, the conductor insulation and the outer jacket can be
shielded or unshielded based on the performance requirements. The cables defined by the stan-
dards organization ISO/IEC 11801 are shown below.
Unshielded twisted-pair consisting of 4 twisted pair cable is generally used in horizontal applications
from telecommunication closets to a workstation or desk. Multi-pair twisted-pair cable is generally
used in voice applications and backbones.
Category 6 U/UTP Cable
Cable Sheath,
Twisted-pair, Conductor,
separated by a spacer
Category 6 F/UTP Cable
Cable Sheath, Foil Screen,
Twisted-pair, Conductor,
separated by a spacer
Category 6 U/FTP Cable
Cable Sheath, Foil Pair
Screen, Twisted-pair,
Conductor
Category 6 SF/UTP Cable
Cable Sheath, Braid Screen
Foil Screen, Twisted-pair,
Conductor
Category 6 S/FTP Cable
Cable Sheath, Braid Screen
Foil Pair Screen,
Twisted-pair, Conductor
Twisted Pair Cabling Type Abbreviations
Balanced Element TP = Twisted Pair
Element Screen U = Unscreened
F = Foil Screened
Overall Screen F = Foil Screened
S = Braid Screened
SF = Braid and Foil Screened
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Twisted Pair Cable Performance Levels
The Difference Between Cat 5e, Cat 6 and Cat 6A Performance Levels When supporting Ethernet applications for twisted-pair cabling, the guidelines below shall be con-
sidered. Different applications may require different cabling performance levels to achieve desired
distance requirements. For example, 10 Gigabit Ethernet at 100 meters will require TIA Augmented
Cat 6 or ISO EA cabling. The table below shows the maximum twisted-pair cabling distances from
the TIA wiring and IEEE Ethernet standards.
Difference Between Cat 5e, Cat 6 and Cat 6A Performance Levels
Data Rate TIA Cat 5e TIA Cat 6 TIA Cat 6a ISO Class EA
10 Mbps Yes Yes Yes Yes
100 Mbps Yes Yes Yes Yes
1 Gbps Yes Yes Yes Yes
10 Gbps (55 m) No No Yes Yes
10 Gbps (100 m) No No Yes Yes
Maximum Length of Horizontal Cable and Work Area Cords
24 AWG Cords 26 AWG Cords
Length of Horizon-
tal Cable m (ft.)
Max. Length of
Work Area Cord m
(ft.)
Max. Combined
Length of Work
Area Cord, Patch
Cords and Equip-
ment Cord m (ft.)
Max. Length of
Work Area Cord m
(ft.)
Max. Combined
Length of Work
Area Cord, Patch
Cords and Equip-
ment Cord m (ft.)
90 (295) 5 (16) 10 (33) 4 (13) 8 (26)
85 (279) 9 (30) 14 (46) 7 (23) 11 (35)
80 (262) 13 (44) 18 (59) 11 (35) 15 (49)
75 (246) 17 (57) 22 (72) 14 (46) 18 (59)
70 (230) 22 (72) 27 (89) 17 (56) 21 (70)
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Twisted Pair Cable Bend Radius
It is important not to change the geometry of the cable. Bend radius is the maximum arc into
which a cable can be looped before its data transmission is impaired. The minimum bend radius
for UTP and F/UTP cable is four times the cable diameter. The bend radius for multi-pair cable
should follow the manufacturer’s guidelines. The minimum bend radius for patch cord cable is one
times the cord cable diameter.
When a cable is bend too much, the pairs are separated within the jacket, which may results in
performance degradation. There is a specific twist scheme per pair within the jacketing of the
cable. Bending it too much will affect the performance of the cable. Exceeding the bend radius
could kink or crimp the copper, causing signal reflections.
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Twisted Pair Cable Handling Copper Cable during Installation
Before routing the cables, edges of openings and pipes must be rounded off, to avoid
damaging the jacket.
Cable ducts or conduits must be used when passing through walls. As per the standards these
spaces should only be 40% filled.
When installing the cable, the bending radius may not be less than that specified by the cable
manufacturer. The same applies after the cable has been installed.
Any sign of stress or kinks in the cable sheet insulation or conductors must be avoided.
To avoid accidental cable damage, the cables should be laid directly from the cable reels
along the cable routes.
Ensure that adequate tools for cable unrolling, lay down and/or pulling as well as pulleys for
corners are available and personnel instructed on their usage.
The radius of the channel route must be selected so that the specified minimum bending radius
is maintained when changing direction.
Metallic ducts or raceways must be properly connected and bonded to ground.
No pressure may be exerted on the cables because of improper tying from using quick cable
installers or cable ties. The basic principle is that the geometry of the cable jacket must not
change.
Cable channels such as raised floors, wall ducts, etc. must be closed after work has been
completed to avoid dirt and damage caused by third parties.
People should be prevented from stepping on the cables. Pressure points cause deterioration of
the electrical transmission properties of the installation cables.
Data cables are sensitive to direct sources of heat: hot air blowers or gas burners used for
installing shrink tubing must not be used in the vicinity of data cables.
If chemicals are used to facilitate cable pulling, be sure they are compatible with the cable
sheet material. This is also applicable to any chemical (mostly spray type) used for other types
of cables that may accidentally get in contact with data cables.
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Twisted Pair Cable Clearance between Data and Power Cables
A minimum clearance of 130 mm must be maintained between data cables and lamp
mountings such as neon, incandescent and discharge lamps. Failure to maintain such clear-
ance may risk EMI noise coupling that is not detected during testing.
In cases where it is difficult to maintain these target values, data cables may be routed closer to
power outlet supply lines provided the following conditions are met:
Parallel cable guides up to 5 m in length are permissible, if a clearance of 25 mm can be en-
sured by using spacers or other appropriate means. If necessary, the clearance over a length
of up to 150 mm may be less than 25 mm, as long as the cables do not touch.
Parallel cable guides up to 9 m in length are permissible, if a clearance of 50 mm can be en-
sured. The clearance over a length of up to 300 mm may be less than 50 mm, as long as the
cables do not touch.
If several cables must be routed through a particularly cramped space, as a minimum, try to
arrange the cables so that the same data cable is not routed directly beside the power cables
along the entire distance.
Electrical panels and data cable distribution cabinets should be situated in different rooms if
possible. The spacing between the distribution cabinets and the electrical panels must never be
less than 1 m.
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Twisted Pair Cable RJ45 Jacks and Connectors
A registered jack (RJ) is a standardized physical network interface used for connecting
telecommunications or data equipment. The physical connectors that registered jacks use are
mainly of the modular connector and 50-pin miniature ribbon connector types. The most common
twisted-pair connector is an 8-position, 8-contact (8P8C) modular plug and jack commonly
referred to as an RJ45 connector.
An 8-pin/8-position plug or jack is commonly used to connect computers onto Ethernet-based
local area networks (LAN). Two wiring schemes–T568A and T568B–are used to terminate the
twisted-pair cable onto the connector interface.
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Twisted Pair Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
TIA 568A or 568B Standard
The wiring specifications as per TIA, 568A or TIA 568B are shown below.
The following steps will guide you through the preparation and termination process for UTP cable.
Following these guidelines will help give you the optimum performance from the twisted-pair
Step 1:
The tools you will need:
Jacket Stripper, Punch-down tool, Wire Cutters
Step 2:
Insert cable into stripping tool to the desired strip
length. Strip off only as much cable jacket
needed to properly terminate the pairs 1 to 1½
inches should be sufficient to terminate pairs.
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Twisted Pair Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 3: Holding the cable near the tool, rotate
the tool around the cable several times.
Step 4: Slightly bend the outer jacket and
manually remove the cut piece or slide the cut
outer jacket with the stripper.
Step 5: Bend each pair in one direction to ex-
pose the rip cord, binder or cross-web filler on
the cable.
Step 6: Remove the rip cord, binder or cross-
web filler if they are present on the cable, leav-
ing only the twisted pairs of wire. The cross-web
filler should be cut as flush as possible to the
jacket.
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Twisted Pair Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 7: Determine the wiring scheme and
properly align all four cables accordingly on
the jack. Keep the cable jacket as close to the
connector as possible. Always use connectors,
wall plates and patch panels that are
compatible (same rating or higher) with the
grade of the cable used.
Step 8: Preserve the wire pair twists as close as
possible to the point of termination. When
connecting jacks and plugs, do not untwist the
cable more than 0.5 inches for Category 5e, 6
and 6A cable.
Helpful Hint: A half of an inch of an untwisted
wire pair results in 1.5 dB of near-end crosstalk.
Step 9: Insert wires down into IDC terminal slots
to position them before punching down.
Maintain the twist. To “future-proof” an installa-
tion, terminate all four pairs.
Step 10: When using a punch-down tool, make
sure the tool is straight before punching down
on the connector. Make sure the cut-side of
the tool is facing outward.
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Twisted Pair Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 11: Inspect the connector to verify that
the wires are fully engaged in the IDC terminals
and they are cut properly.
Step 12: Place the strain relief cover on the IDC
part for strain relief and dust protection.
Step 13: This is how your assembled jack should
look.
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Twisted Pair Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
There are different possibilities for leading installation cables from their cable entry to the distributor
cabinet to the connection modules. It needs to be made certain that the cables are sufficiently
tension relieved and run in a loop, allowing the swivelling elements to be swung open from the
front and taken out easily.
Good cable management also provides for sufficient cable reserves.
Correct
Channel Infrastructure
Incorrect
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Fiber Optics Fiber Optic Cable Types
Fiber optic cables consist of a central core that
carries light and an outer cladding that com-
pletes the guiding structure. There are two basic
fiber types: single-mode and multimode.
Single-Mode
Core diameter of 8 to 10 microns
Cladding diameter is 125
Normally used for long-distance requirements
and high-bandwidth applications
Does not bounce light off the surrounding
cladding as it travels
Multimode
Allows more than one mode of light to travel through the cable
Typical wavelengths of 850 and 1,350 nanometers (nm)
Normally used in LAN applications
Multimode Fiber Optic Cable Types
Multimode 62.5-micron fiber:
62.5-micron core diameter
125-micron cladding diameter
Multimode 50-micron fiber:
50-micron core diameter
125-micron cladding diameter
Increased bandwidth with smaller size
Greater bandwidth with laser-optimized 50-micron fiber
62.5 Micron Core
125 Micron Cladding
50.5 Micron Core
125 Micron Cladding
8 Micron Core
125 Micron Cladding
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Fiber Optic Cable Distances and Attenuation
Maximum Supportable Distances and Attenuation for Optical Fiber Applications
Application Parameter
Nominal Wave-
length (nm)
Multimode Singlemode
62.5/125 μm TIA
492AAAA (OM1)
50/125 μm TIA
492AAAB (OM2)
850 nm laser-
optimized 50/125
μm TIA AAAC
(OM3)
TIA 492CAAA (OS1)
TIA 492CAAB (OS2)
850 1,300 850 1,300 850 1,300 1,310 1,550
Ethernet
10/100BASE-SX
Channel
attenuation (dB)
4.0 - 4.0 - 4.0 - - -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
300
(984)
- 300
(984)
- 300
(984)
- - -
Ethernet
100BASE-FX
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- 11.0 - 6.0 - 6.0 - -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- 2,000
(6,560)
- 2,000
(6,560)
2,000
(6,560)
- -
Ethernet
1000BASE-SX
Channel
attenuation (dB)
2.6 - 3.6 - 4.5 - - -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
275
(900)
- 550
(1,804)
- 800
(2,625)
- - -
Ethernet
1000BASE-LX
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- 2.3 - 2.3 - 2.3 4.5 -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- 550
(1,804)
- 550
(1,804)
- 550
(1,804)
5,000 -
Ethernet
10GBASE-S
Channel
attenuation (dB)
2.4 - 2.3 - 2.6 - - -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
33
(108)
- 82
(269)
- 300
(984)
- - -
Ethernet
10GBASE-LX4
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- 2.5 - 2.0 - 2.0 6.3 -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- 300
(984)
- 300
(984)
- 300
(984)
10,000
(32,810)
-
Ethernet
10GBASE-L
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- - - - - - 6.2 -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- - - - - - 10,000
(32,810)
-
Ethernet
10GBASE-LRM
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- 1.9 - 1.9 - 1.9 - -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- 200
(720)
- 200
(720)
- 200
(720)
- -
Channel
attenuation (dB)
3.0 - 3.9 - 4.6 - - - Fibre Channel
100-MX-SN-I
(1062 Mbaud) Supportable
distance m (ft.)
300
(984)
- 500
(1,640)
- 860
(2,822)
- - -
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Fiber Optic Cable Distances and Attenuation
Maximum Supportable Distances and Attenuation for Optical Fiber Applications
Application Parameter
Nominal Wave-
length (nm)
Multimode Singlemode
62.5/125 μm TIA
492AAAA (OM1)
50/125 μm TIA
492AAAB (OM2)
850 nm laser-
optimized 50/125
μm TIA AAAC
(OM3)
TIA 492CAAA (OS1)
TIA 492CAAB (OS2)
850 1,300 850 1,300 850 1,300 1,310 1,550
Fibre Channel
200-SM-MX-SN-I
(2125 Mbaud)
Channel
attenuation (dB)
2.1 - 2.6
- 3.3
- - -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
150
(492)
- 300
(984)
- 500
(1,640)
- - -
Fibre Channel
200-SM-LC-L
(2125 Mbaud)
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- - - - - - 7.8
-
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- - - - - - 10,000
(32,810)
-
Fibre Channel
400-MX-SN-I
(4250 Mbaud)
Channel
attenuation (dB)
1.8 - 2.1
- 2.5
- - -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
70
(230)
- 150
492)
- 270
(886)
- - -
Fibre Channel
400-SM-LC-L
(4250 Mbaud)
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- - - - - - 7.8
-
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- - - - - - 10,000
(32,810)
-
Fibre Channel
1200-SM-MX-SN-I
(10512 Mbaud)
Channel
attenuation (dB)
2.4 - 2.2
- 2.6
- - -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
33
(108)
- 82
(269)
- 300
(984)
- - -
Fibre Channel
1200-SM-LL-L
(10512 Mbaud)
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- - - - - - 6.0
-
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- - - - - - 10,000
(32,810)
-
FDDI PMD ANSI
X3.166
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- 11.0
- 6.0
- 6.0
- -
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- 2,000
(6,560)
- 2,000
(6,560)
- 2,000
(6,560)
- -
FDDI SMF-PMD
ANSI X3.184
Channel
attenuation (dB)
- - - - - - 10.0
-
Supportable
distance m (ft.)
- - - - - - 10,000
(32,810)
-
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Fiber Optic Cable Fiber Optic Connectors
SC is a snap-in connector also with a 2.5 mm
ferrule that is widely used for it's excellent
performance. It was the connector
standardized in TIA-568-A, but was not widely
used at first because it was twice as expensive
as a ST. It's a snap-in connector that latches
with a simple push-pull motion. It is available in
both simplex and duplex configuration.
LC is a small form factor connector that uses a
1.25 mm ferrule, half the size of the SC. It's a
standard ceramic ferrule connector, easily
terminated with any adhesive. Good
performance, highly favoured for singlemode.
It is also available in both simplex and duplex
configuration.
ST (an AT&T Trademark) is probably the most
popular connector for multimode networks. It
has a bayonet mount and a long cylindrical
2.5 mm ceramic or polymer ferrule to hold the
fiber. Most ferrules are ceramic, but some are
metal or plastic. STs are spring-loaded, you
have to make sure they are seated properly. If
you have high loss, reconnect them to see if it
makes a difference.
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Fiber Optic Cable Attachment Methods
There are several different attachment methods for installing fiber connectors like those shown on
the previous few pages. Below are descriptions of each attachment method along with an expla-
nation of the pros and cons of each.
Fiber Optics Attachment Method
Attachment Method Pros Cons
Heat-cure style –
Epoxy
Cost effective
Long termination time (typically
15 minutes)
Long cure time (typically 30
minutes)
Quick-cure style –
UV Cure
Faster install than heat-cured
99 percent yield
Requires a UV light source
Requires a special ferrule with
glass capillary
Limited resistance to environ-
mental extremes
Quick-cure style –
Anaerobic
Faster install than heat-cured
99 percent yield
Short shelf life
Nonadhesive –
Mechanical grip or crimp
Speedy install
No curing involved
Polishing still required
Nonadhesive –
No-cure, no-polish
Faster install
No epoxy, no polish
Higher cost
Special tools required
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Fiber Optic Cable Safety in Fiber Optic Installations
Eye Safety The infrared light in fiber optic links is at a wavelength that cannot penetrate your eye easily
because it's absorbed by the water in your eyeball. Light in the 1300-1550 nm range is unlikely to
damage your retina, but might harm the cornea or lens. A typical laser pointer, which has a beam
that is collimated (not expanding), and is at visible wavelength (650 nm) where the eye is
transparent, is probably more danger to the retina than a fiber optic link.
That being said, it's not a good idea to look into
a fiber unless you know no source is being
transmitted down it. Since the light is infrared,
you can't see it, which means you cannot tell if
there is light present by looking at it. You should
always check the fiber with a power meter
before examining it. The real issue of eye safety
is getting fiber scraps into the eye.
As part of the termination and splicing process,
you will be continually exposed to small scraps
of bare fiber, cleaved off the ends of the fibers
being terminated or spliced. These scraps are
very dangerous. If they get into your eyes, they
are very hard to flush out and will probably
lead to a trip to the emergency room at the
hospital. Whenever you are working with fiber,
wear safety glasses!
Bare Fiber Safety The broken ends of fibers and scraps of fiber
created during termination and splicing can
be extremely dangerous. The ends are sharp
and can easily penetrate your skin. They in-
variably break off and are very hard to find and
remove. Sometimes a pair of tweezers and
perhaps a magnifying glass will get them out.
Be careful when handling fibers to not stick the
broken ends into your fingers. Dispose of all
scraps properly.
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Fiber Optic Cable Safety in Fiber Optic Installations
Materials Safety Fiber optic splicing and termination use various
chemical cleaners and adhesives as part of the
processes. Normal handling procedures for
these substances should be observed. If you
are not certain of how to deal with them, ask
the manufacturer for a Material Safety Data
Sheet. Always work in well-ventilated areas.
Avoid skin contact as much as possible, and
stop using chemicals that cause allergic
reactions. Even simple isopropyl alcohol, used
as a cleaner, is flammable and should be
handled carefully.
Fire Safety Fusion Splicers use an electric arc to make splices, so care must be taken to ensure no flammable
gasses are contained in the space where fusion splicing is done. Splicing should never be done in
manholes where gasses can accumulate. The cables are brought up to the surface into a splicing
trailer where all fiber work is done. Of course the splicing trailer is temperature-controlled and kept
spotlessly clean to insure good splicing. Smoking should also not be allowed around fiber optic
work. The ashes from smoking contribute to the dirt problems with fibers, in addition to the chance
of explosions due to the presence of combustible substances.
Electrical Safety You might be wondering what electrical safety has to do with fiber optics. Well fiber cables are
often installed around electrical cables. Electricians are well-trained in electrical safety, but some
fiber optic installers are not. We've heard rumors of fiber installers being shocked when working
around electrical cables.
An instance was, when two installers were installing all-dielectric self-supporting aerial cables on
poles. The hangers, however, were metal and over six feet long. Both had attached the hangers to
the poles, then when installing the fiber cables had rotated the hangers enough to contact
high-voltage lines. So even if the fiber is not conductive, fiber hardware can conduct electricity or
the installer can come in contact with live electrical wires when working in proximity to AC power.
Some people keep a piece of double stick tape on the bench to stick fiber scraps onto. Preferably
keep a dedicated container for all fiber scraps, when finished, put on the lid, tape it and dispose
it . Do not drop fiber scraps on the floor where they will stick in carpets or shoes and be carried
elsewhere. Obviously do not eat or drink anywhere near the work area. Fiber scraps can get into
food or drink and be swallowed. The scraps can imbed themselves in you digestive system and
never be found.
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Fiber Optic Cable Safety in Fiber Optic Installations
Safety Rules for Fiber Optics:
Keep all food and beverages out of the work area. If fiber particles are ingested they can
cause internal haemorrhaging.
Keep track of all fiber and cable scraps and dispose them off safely. If available, work on black
work mats and wear disposable lab aprons to minimize fiber particles on your clothing. Fiber
particles on your clothing can later get into food, drinks, and/or be ingested by other means.
Always wear safety glasses with side shields and protective gloves. Treat fiber optic splinters the
same way as you would treat glass splinters.
Never look directly into the end of fiber cables – especially with a microscope - until you are
positive that there is no light source at the other end – having tested it with a power meter. Use
a fiber optic power meter to make certain the fiber is dark. When using an optical tracer or
continuity checker, look at the fiber from an angle at least 6 inches away from your eye to
determine if the visible light is present.
Only work in areas that are well ventilated.
Contact lens wearers must not handle their lenses until they have thoroughly washed their
hands.
Do not touch your eyes while working with fiber optic systems until they have been thoroughly
washed.
Keep all combustible materials safely away from the curing ovens.
Put all cut fiber pieces in a safe place.
Thoroughly clean your work area when you are done.
Do not smoke while working with fiber optic systems.
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Fiber Optic Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
The following steps will guide you through the preparation and termination process for a no
epoxy, no polish fiber optic SC connector. Following these guidelines will help make sure that you
receive the optimum performance from the fiber optic cable. There are numerous other methods
for terminating fiber optic connectors.
Step 2: Measure from the end of the fiber to 40
mm and mark the cable.
Step 3: Slide the strain-relief boot onto the
cable.
Step 1:
The tools you will need:
Fiber stripper, Ruler, Marker
Step 4: Make sure the stripper’s cutting face is
clean. Use the front, large V-notch on the ca-
ble stripper to remove the 900-micron tight
buffer.
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Fiber Optic Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 5: Carefully clamp down on the cable
halfway down from the mark you made.
Step 6: Keeping the pressure light, carefully
slide the jacket off of the fiber. Be careful to
avoid breaking the fragile glass fiber. Repeat
step to remove the remaining 20 mm of
jacket.
Step 7: Carefully remove any of the leftover
250-micron coating (notice the white film on
the fiber) using the smaller, back V-notch on
the tool.
Step 8: Use fiber option cleaning fluid and
wipes to clean the fiber.
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Fiber Optic Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 9: Clean the bare fiber with two passes of
a fiber wipe dampened with fiber optic clean-
ing fluid. Do not touch the bare fiber after
cleaning it.
Step 10: Make sure that both clamps (C) are
clean and free of fiber. Squeeze buttons A and
B at the same time to open clamps.
Step 11: Place fiber in the slot so the bare fiber
is in the V-groove, the buffer or coating is
aligned with the alignment mark, and the fiber
rests under the tab. Fully release button B then
button A. Make sure both the bare and coated
fiber is secured by the clamps.
Step 12: Slowly turn the knob 360 degrees to
cut the fiber.
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Fiber Optic Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 13: Squeeze button A, remove the scrap
fiber and place it in the scrap fiber bin.
Step 14: While holding onto the fiber, squeeze
button B and remove the cleaved fiber.
Step 15: Measure and mark an additional 11
mm on the fiber jacket.
Step 16: Make sure the components are in the
starting position. If not, slide the VFL coupler
back toward the cover hinge until it locks. Verify
the load button is released and the connector
cradle is against the travel stop. Depress the
reset button to return the wrench to the start
position.
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Fiber Optic Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 17: Make sure the correct ferrule adapter
is installed. Switch the power on. If the power
light flashes or does not glow, the batteries
need to be replaced.
Step 18: Remove the dust cap from connector
and squeeze the load button to move the con-
nector cradle away from the wrench.
Step 19: With the connector oriented up, load
the connector into the tool by inserting it (lead-
in tube first), into the wrench. Slowly release
the load button while guiding the connector
into the connector cradle.
Step 20: Slide the VFL coupler down until the
ferrule adapter is seated on the connector.
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Fiber Optic Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 21: Close the cover and check for the
error light. If the error light remains off, there are
no problems. Insert the cleaved fiber into the
back of the lead-in tube. Insert the fiber until
you feel it firmly stop against the fiber stub. The
visual mark should be within 2 mm of the
lead-in tube. While maintaining enough inward
pressure, squeeze the CAM button in until it
locks. Check the termination lights. If the green
light is illuminated, the termination was
successful. If the red light is illuminated, press
the reset button, remove the fiber and repeat
the termination process.
Step 22: Turn the crimp knob 180 degrees in ei-
ther direction to crimp and lock the connector
into the fiber.
Step 23: Open the cover and slide the VFL
coupler back into its starting position. Slightly
squeeze the button to remove the connector.
Make sure the clear ferrule dust cap is installed.
Slide the boot up the back of the connector
until it reaches the cam.
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Fiber Optic Cable Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Step 23: Install the outer shroud by lining up the
date code with the key-side of the outer
shroud. Using the boot, push the assembly into
the outer shroud until it snaps into place.
Step 24: The fiber connector is completed.
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Fiber Optic Cable Fiber Optic Testing
Attenuation is the parameter most frequently measured and includes the attenuation of the cable
as well as that of attached connectors. Attenuation testing is done with an Optical Loss Test Set
(OLTS). Cable attenuation can be caused by micro-bending, poorly installed connectors, the
presence of dirt on the end face of a connector, excessive mechanical force on the cable or, of
course, a broken fiber.
There are two tiers of optical field testing defined in the standards:
Tier 1: Mandatory – Tests attenuation and verifies cable length and polarity
Tier 2: Optional – Includes the Tie
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Conduit Fill Recommendations Fill Recommendations
Conduit fill states the maximum amount of space that the installed cables should occupy in a
given size conduit expressed as a percentage of the interior volume. When designing a conduit
run, consider not only the cable being installed now but also the likelihood of having to add cables
in the future.
The table below makes recommendations for the maximum cables to be installed in conduit.
Clearance should be ¼ inch at minimum and up to 1 inch for large cable installations or
installations involving numerous bends.
When calculating clearance, make sure all cable diameters are equal.
Do not exceed recommended conduit fill requirements.
Typical OD for twisted-pair cabling is 0.25 to 0.35 inch.
Conduit Fill Recommendation
Conduit Inside
Diameter mm
(in)
Sample Cable Outside Diameters (mm [in]) Trade
Size 4.5 (0.15)
5 (0.19)
6 (0.23)
7 (0.27)
8 (0.31)
9 (0.35)
21 (0.82) 3/4 11 7 5 3 3 2
27 (1.04) 1 18 11 8 6 4 3
35 (1.38) 1-1/4 30 19 13 10 8 6
41 (1.61) 1-1/2 41 26 18 13 10 8
50 (2.06) 2 68 43 30 22 17 13
63 (2.46) 2-1/2 96 62 43 31 24 19
75 (3.06) 3 149 95 66 49 37 29
91 (3.54) 3-1/2 199 127 88 65 50 39
100 (4.02) 4 255 163 113 83 64 50
Note: The calculations used in the above table to determine cable fill are based on a 40 percent
initial fill factor assuming straight runs with no degrees of bend. These conduit sizes are typical in
Canada and the United States and may vary in other countries. The metric trade designators and
imperial trade sizes are not literal conversions of metric to imperial sizes. Fire and smoke stop
assemblies may require different fill ratios.
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Administration Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Modern buildings require an effective telecommunications infrastructure to support the wide variety
of services that rely on the electronic transport of information. Administration includes basic
documentation and timely updating of drawings, labels and records. Administration should be
synergistic with voice, data and video telecommunications, as well as with other building signal
systems, including security, audio, alarms and energy management.
Administrative record keeping plays an increasingly necessary role in the flexibility and
management of frequent moves, adds and changes. The ANSI/TIA-606-A standard concisely
describes the administrative record keeping elements of a modern structured cabling system.
Elements of an Administration System per the ANSI/TIA-606-A Standard are:
Horizontal pathways and cabling
Backbone pathways and cabling
Telecommunications grounding and bonding
Spaces (e.g., entrance facility, telecommunications room, equipment room)
Fire stopping
Classes of Administration
Four classes of administration are specified in this standard to accommodate diverse degrees of
complexity present in telecommunications infrastructure. Each class defines the administration
requirements for identifiers, records and labelling. An administration system can be managed
using a paper-based system, general-purpose spreadsheet software or special-purpose cable
management software.
Class 1 Administration
Class 1 Administration addresses the administration requirements for a building or premise that is
served by a single equipment room (ER). The following infrastructure identifiers shall be required in
Class 1 Administration when the corresponding elements are present:
Telecommunications space (TS) identifier
Horizontal link identifier
Telecommunications main grounding busbar (TMGB)
Telecommunications grounding busbar (TGB)
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Administration Cable Preparation and Connector Termination
Class 2 Administration
Class 2 Administration addresses the administration of infrastructure with one or more
telecommunications spaces (TS) in a single building.
The following infrastructure identifiers shall be required in Class 2 Administration when the corre-
sponding elements are present:
Identifiers required in Class 1 Administration
Building backbone cable identifier
Building backbone pair or optical fiber identifier
Fire stopping location identifier
Class 2 Administration may additionally include pathway identifiers.
Class 3 Administration
Class 3 Administration addresses infrastructure with multiple buildings at a single site.
The following infrastructure identifiers shall be required in Class 3 Administration:
Identifiers required in Class 2 Administration
Building identifier
Campus backbone cable identifier
Campus backbone pair or optical fiber identifier
The following infrastructure identifiers are optional in Class 3 Administration:
Identifiers optional in Class 2 Administration
Outside plant pathway element identifier
Campus pathway or element identifier
Additional identifiers may be added if desired.
Class 4 Administration
Class 4 Administration addresses infrastructure with multiple sites or campuses. The following
infrastructure identifiers shall be required in Class 4 Administration:
Identifiers required in Class 3 Administration
Campus or site identifier
The following infrastructure identifiers are optional in Class 4 Administration:
Identifiers optional in Class 3 Administration
Intercampus element identifier
Additional identifiers may be added if desired.
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Infinique Structured Cabling Products
Installation and Operations Manual
© 2016 Infinique. All rights reserved. This product or document is protected by copyright and distributed
under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution and recompilation. No part of this product or document
may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Infinique Worldwide Inc
and its licensors, if any.
Infinique Worldwide Inc 460 Brant Street,
Burlington, Ontario
Canada L7R 4B6
Tel: +1-905-364-5304
Toll Free : +1-855-891-1542
Email: [email protected]
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Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Tel: +971-4-3926-330
Email: [email protected]
Design and specification are subject to change without notice.
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