innovative work zone traffic control and technology mike fontaine virginia transportation research...
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Innovative Work Zone Traffic Innovative Work Zone Traffic Control and TechnologyControl and Technology
Mike FontaineMike FontaineVirginia Transportation Research Virginia Transportation Research
CouncilCouncil
Making Work Zones Work Better Making Work Zones Work Better WorkshopWorkshop
Work Zone ProblemsWork Zone Problems
• Capacity reductionCapacity reduction– Increased queuingIncreased queuing– DelaysDelays
• SafetySafety– Crash rate increases 7 to 119 percentCrash rate increases 7 to 119 percent– Rear end crashes most commonRear end crashes most common– Speeding is often a factorSpeeding is often a factor
ObjectiveObjective
• Describe techniques that could improve Describe techniques that could improve safety and/or operations in work zonessafety and/or operations in work zones– DOT controlledDOT controlled– PortablePortable– Cost effectiveCost effective
Devices CoveredDevices Covered
• Worker garmentsWorker garments• Rumble stripsRumble strips• Radar dronesRadar drones• Speed displaysSpeed displays• Late mergeLate merge
Worker GarmentsWorker Garments
• Potential camouflage problemPotential camouflage problem• Evaluated 5 garmentsEvaluated 5 garments• Field testing inconclusiveField testing inconclusive
Worker Garment EvaluationWorker Garment Evaluation
• Luminance (brightness)Luminance (brightness)• Contrast ratioContrast ratio
– ConcreteConcrete– AsphaltAsphalt– VegetationVegetation– EquipmentEquipment– Orange TCDsOrange TCDs
Garment AssessmentGarment Assessment
• Solid fabric garments performed bestSolid fabric garments performed best– Highest luminanceHighest luminance– Best contrast against variety of Best contrast against variety of
backgroundsbackgrounds– Concerns about comfort in TexasConcerns about comfort in Texas
• Proposed TxDOT vest was the best of Proposed TxDOT vest was the best of the mesh veststhe mesh vests– Does not meet new ANSI standardDoes not meet new ANSI standard
Temporary Rumble StripsTemporary Rumble Strips
• Reduce speedsReduce speeds• Increase driver Increase driver
awarenessawareness
Temporary Rumble StripsTemporary Rumble Strips
• ¼ inch thick neoprene strips¼ inch thick neoprene strips• 4 inches wide4 inches wide• Adhesive backedAdhesive backed• 2 sets of 6 strips installed on work zone 2 sets of 6 strips installed on work zone
approachesapproaches• 18-inch spacings18-inch spacings
Rumble Strips ResultsRumble Strips Results
• Evaluated at 2 sitesEvaluated at 2 sites– 1-2 mph reduction in car speeds1-2 mph reduction in car speeds– 3-4 mph reduction in truck speeds3-4 mph reduction in truck speeds
• Not reusableNot reusable• Lengthy installation time (40 minutes)Lengthy installation time (40 minutes)• Noise concernsNoise concerns
Radar DroneRadar Drone
• Emits K band radar Emits K band radar signalsignal
• Intended to simulate Intended to simulate enforcementenforcement
• 1 mile range1 mile range• Approx. $400Approx. $400
Radar Drone ResultsRadar Drone Results
• Evaluated at 3 sitesEvaluated at 3 sites• 2 mph speed reduction2 mph speed reduction• Easy to useEasy to use• Effectiveness may decline over timeEffectiveness may decline over time
Speed DisplaySpeed Display
• Provides motorist Provides motorist feedback on speedsfeedback on speeds
• Radar drone effectRadar drone effect• $10,000$10,000
Speed Display FeaturesSpeed Display Features
• 24-inch LED display24-inch LED display• Strobe alertStrobe alert• Worker alert sirenWorker alert siren• Battery poweredBattery powered
Speed Display ResultsSpeed Display Results
• Evaluated at 4 sitesEvaluated at 4 sites• 5 mph reduction in average speeds5 mph reduction in average speeds• 10-30% reduction in number of vehicles 10-30% reduction in number of vehicles
exceeding speed limitexceeding speed limit• Easy to set-up and removeEasy to set-up and remove
Changeable Message Signs Changeable Message Signs with Radarwith Radar
• Message only Message only displayed to displayed to speedersspeeders
• 5 mph reduction 5 mph reduction maintained for 4 maintained for 4 monthsmonths
Lane Closure IssuesLane Closure Issues
• Problems stemming from lane closuresProblems stemming from lane closures– Reduced capacityReduced capacity– Increased travel timesIncreased travel times– Increased driver frustrationIncreased driver frustration– Aggressive driving and queue Aggressive driving and queue
jumpingjumping
The Late Merge ConceptThe Late Merge Concept
• Late mergeLate merge– Utilize all approach lanes to merge Utilize all approach lanes to merge
pointpoint– Shorter queuesShorter queues– Possible improved throughputPossible improved throughput– More equitable distribution of delayMore equitable distribution of delay
Late Merge ApplicationsLate Merge Applications
• PennsylvaniaPennsylvania– First deploymentsFirst deployments– Wide deployment on freewaysWide deployment on freeways
• TexasTexas– Tests in Dallas/Fort WorthTests in Dallas/Fort Worth– FreewaysFreeways
• VirginiaVirginia– Tests on primary roadsTests on primary roads
Late MergeLate Merge
• BenefitsBenefits– Up to 15% increase in throughputUp to 15% increase in throughput– 75% fewer forced merges75% fewer forced merges– 30% reduction in lane straddles30% reduction in lane straddles– Reduced queue lengthReduced queue length
• Potential LimitsPotential Limits– Approach taper at high speeds under low Approach taper at high speeds under low
volumesvolumes– Driver understandingDriver understanding– Use on roads with > 2 lanesUse on roads with > 2 lanes
SummarySummary
• A number of tools are available to A number of tools are available to improve work zone safety and improve work zone safety and operationsoperations– Improved worker visibilityImproved worker visibility– Reduced speedsReduced speeds– Increased flowIncreased flow
Questions?Questions?
Mike FontaineMike Fontaine
[email protected]@VirginiaDOT.org
(434) 293-1909(434) 293-1909