initial ninth circuit sensitive security information ( ssi ) petition maclean v. dhs january 30,...


2/52

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\BNKA IG BQ\DI^F\FAZ % f

G^BP :% Pa|f|fiea~ Lfzjkizal b Zqnz|be|fbk bel Zpajfgfj\d~ab| |i Pqnkfj Zbga|v+ be Bnqza ig Bq|di~f|v+ bel

H~izz Ofzobebhaoae|

:%Eaf|da~ Kbx ei~ Atajq|fwa I~la~ P~idfnf|alPa|f|fiea~z Lfzjkizq~a%%

N% \da I~la~ Laefaz Pa|f|fiea~ Lqa P~ijazz nv Lap~fwfeh

Pa|f|fiea~ ig Dfz Z|b|q|i~v ^fhd| |i ^bfza Inmaj|fiez P~fi~

|i |da I~la~z Aggaj|fwa Lb|a bel nv B||aop|feh |iJf~jqozj~fna Pa|f|fiea~z OZPN Bppabk ^fhd|z

J% \da I~la~ fz Fewbkfl najbqza f| fz be Fopa~ofzzfnka

^a|~ibj|fwa Blofefz|~b|fwa Bj|fie


4/52

fw

\BNKA IG BQ\DI^F\FAZ

JBZAZ PBHA

Nixae w% Hai~ha|ixe Qefw% Dizp%+

0< $2644&%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Abz|a~e Ae|a~p~fzaz w% Bpgak+

1>< Q%Z% :67 $>001&%


5/52

w

D%^% Jieg% âp% Ei% 206/766+ z% 1>1 $>008&%

ÂHQKB\FIEZ

0%

0%1$n&$4&$ff&%

0%8$m&%%%

KAHFZKB\FWA DFZ\I^V

D%^% Jieg% âp% Ei% 61/2828+ ~ap~fe|al fe 2684 Q%Z% Jila

Jieh% ' Blofe% Eaxz >470+ >47


7/52

F% Z\B\AOAE\ IG MQ^FZLFJ\FIE

^azpielae|z I~la~+ xdfjd Pa|f|fiea~ jdbkkaehaz+ z|b|az |db|

Sp_q~zqbe| |i


8/52

>

Zajq~f|vz pizf|fie |db| ja~|bfe fegi~ob|fie ~akawbe| |i |da bniwa/jbp|fieal

ob||a~ fz Zaezf|fwa Zajq~f|v Fegi~ob|fie $ZZF&% A%^% b| 2%

Pa|f|fiea~z pa|f|fie gi~ ~awfax xbz |foakv gfkal najbqza |da I~la~+

xdfjd fzzqal ie Bqhqz| :2+ >007+ felfjb|az b 70/lbv gfkfeh pa~fil% A%^% b| >3

zaa bkzi 007%

\da Qef|al Z|b|az Jiq~| ig Bppabkz gi~ |da Efe|d Lfz|~fj| fz be

bpp~ip~fb|a waeqa gi~ Pa|f|fiea~z pa|f|fie gi~ ~awfax najbqza |da Efe|d

Lfz|~fj| aejiopbzzaz Pa|f|fiea~z ~azflaeja+ Ji|i la Jb}b+ JB% Gi~ i~la~z

fzzqal pq~zqbe| |i


9/52

:

FF% Z\B\AOAE\ IG FZZQAZ PÂZAE\AL GI^ ÂWFAX

2% Xda|da~ |da I~la~ fz fewbkfl najbqza âzpielae| ~a|bkfb|al bhbfez|

Pa|f|fiea~ gi~ obcfeh b lfzjkizq~a p~i|aj|al nv |da Xdfz|kankixa~ P~i|aj|fie

Bj| $XPB& xdae f| fzzqal |da I~la~ lazfheb|feh Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a

bniq| |da jbejakkb|fie ig âobfe Iwa~efhd| Ofzzfiez bz ZZF%

>% Xda|da~ |da I~la~ fz fewbkfl najbqza âzpielae| laefal Pa|f|fiea~

lqa p~ijazz nv fzzqfeh |da I~la~ xf|diq| hfwfeh âzpielae|+ b jieja~eal

pb~|v+ |da ippi~|qef|v |i ~bfza inmaj|fiez ie |da blofefz|~b|fwa ~aji~l%

:% Xda|da~ |da Bqhqz| :2+ >007 I~la~+ xdfjd z|b|az |db| |da fegi~ob|fie

Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal ie Mqkv >6+ >00: xbz ZZF b| |db| |foa+ fz fewbkfl najbqza

f| jiez|f|q|az ~a|~ibj|fwa blofefz|~b|fwa bj|fie%


10/52

007 I~la~ lazfheb|feh fegi~ob|fie |db| Pa|f|fiea~

lfzjkizal oi~a |dbe |d~aa vab~z ab~kfa~ bz ZZF% \da p~ijalq~bk dfz|i~v

nadfel |da I~la~ fz bz gikkixz%

Ie Mqkv >6+ >00:+ Pa|f|fiea~ ~ajafwal b |at| oazzbha |i dfz

hiwa~eoae|/fzzqal oinfka |akapdiea felfjb|feh |db| bkk ÎE ofzzfiez

xiqkl na jbejakal% \da |at| oazzbha jie|bfeal ei ZZF ob~cfehz ig bev

cfel% Gi~ ~abziez |db| xfkk na lfzjqzzal nakix+ Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal |da

jie|ae|z ig |dfz qeob~cal |at| oazzbha |i b oaona~ ig |da oalfb%

Ie Zap|aona~ 2:+ >001+ âzpielae| fzzqal Pa|f|fiea~ b ei|fja ig

p~ipizal ~aoiwbk% Bpp% b| 8/6% \da ei|fja ig p~ipizal ~aoiwbk bkkahal

|db| Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal |da zqnmaj| |at| oazzbha |i |da oalfb fe kb|a Mqkv

>00:% Fl% Ie |da nbzfz ig |dfz bel i|da~ bkkahb|fiez+ |da ei|fja ig p~ipizal

~aoiwbk jdb~hal Pa|f|fiea~ xf|d $2& Qebq|di~f}al Oalfb Bppab~beja+ $>&

Qebq|di~f}al âkabza ig Fegi~ob|fie |i |da Oalfb+ bel $:& Qebq|di~f}al

âkabza ig ZZF% Fl% Qpie fegi~ob|fie bel nakfag+ |dfz xbz âzpielae|z

gf~z| b||aop| |i lazfheb|a |da zqnmaj| |at| oazzbha bz ZZF%

Fe Pa|f|fiea~z x~f||ae bel i~bk ~apkfaz |i |da ei|fja ig p~ipizal

~aoiwbk+ da blof||al lfzjkizfeh |da zqnmaj| |at| oazzbha+ nq| laefal |db| f|


12/52

7

jie|bfeal ZZF% Pa|f|fiea~ bkzi ~bfzal lagaezaz nbzal ie |da Gf~z|

Boaeloae| bel |da XPB%

Ie Bp~fk 20+ >007+ âzpielae| fzzqal Pa|f|fiea~ b ei|fja ig ~aoiwbk%

Bpp% b| 2/:% \da ei|fja ig ~aoiwbk gbfkal |i zqz|bfe jdb~haz $2& bel $>&+ nq|

f| lfl zqz|bfe |da jdb~ha ig Qebq|di~f}al âkabza ig ZZF% Fl% Bz fe |da

ei|fja ig p~ipizal ~aoiwbk+ âzpielae| bkkahal |db| |da zqnmaj| |at|

oazzbha xbz ZZF% Fl% \da ei|fja ig ~aoiwbk+ dixawa~+ xbz ei| be I~la~

fzzqal nv |da Zaj~a|b~v ig \~bezpi~|b|fie bel f| lfl ei| blwfza Pa|f|fiea~ |db|

da jiqkl iekv bppabk âzpielae|z ZZF la|a~ofeb|fie |i b Qef|al Z|b|az

Jiq~| ig Bppabkz pq~zqbe| |i >+ >007+ \ZB zae| Pa|f|fiea~z

jiqezak b ka||a~ ~ap~azae|feh Lbwfl H~bjazie+ b Zaefi~ Zajq~f|v Bebkvz| gi~

âzpielae|z ZZF P~ih~bo+ bz âzpielae|z pa~zie oiz| ceixkalhabnka

~ahb~lfeh Zaezf|fwa Zajq~f|v Fegi~ob|fie% Bpp% b| 22% Fe \ZBz Bezxa~z


13/52

8

|i Fe|a~~ihb|i~faz+ lb|al Mqkv 20+ >007+ f| kfz|al O~% H~bjazie bz b pizzfnka

xf|eazz gi~ |da lagaeza xdi xiqkl |az|fgv |db| |da fegi~ob|fie fe rqaz|fie

xbz ei| ZZF+ bz lazj~fnal fe Bhaejv pikfjfaz bel ~ahqkb|fiez% Bpp% b| 2:%

Nq| ie Mqkv :2+ >007 \ZB oiwal |i rqbzd O~% H~bjaziez lapizf|fie

bel ~arqaz|al b p~i|aj|fwa i~la~ |db| xiqkl p~idfnf| Pa|f|fiea~ g~io

lfzjiwa~feh+ bel |da OZPN g~io jiezfla~feh+ bev fegi~ob|fie ~ahb~lfeh |da

ZZF la|a~ofeb|fie qela~kvfeh \ZBz ~aoiwbk bj|fie bhbfez| Pa|f|fiea~%2

Bpp% b| 21/>1% \da BM laefal \ZBz oi|fie ie Bqhqz| >2+ >007+ gfelfeh

|db| |da fzzqa ig xda|da~ |da zqnmaj| fegi~ob|fie xbz ZZF fz be akaoae| ig

|da bhaejvz nq~lae ig p~iig ie |da jdb~ha p~ipa~% Bpp% b| >8%

Bjji~lfehkv+ |da BM i~la~al |db| |da lapizf|fie ig O~% H~bjazie obv

p~ijaal% Fl%

F| xbz iekv ie Bqhqz| :2+ >007+ bg|a~ |da BM bkkixal O~% H~bjaziez

lapizf|fie+ |db| Bel~ax Jikzcv+ Lf~aj|i~ ig \ZBz ZZF Iggfja+ fzzqal |da

I~la~ |db| Pa|f|fiea~ p~azae|kv jdbkkaehaz% A%^% b| 2/>% Fe gbj|+ |da I~la~

xbz be b||bjdoae| |i \ZBz ^arqaz| gi~ ^ajiezfla~b|fie ig |da lfzjiwa~v

i~la~ laevfeh \ZBz oi|fie |i rqbzd O~% H~bjaziez lapizf|fie bel gi~ b

p~i|aj|fwa i~la~% Zaa Bpp% b| >4%

2Xda~abz \ZB dbl ab~kfa~ felfjb|al |db| O~% H~bjazie xiqkl |az|fgv bz be atpa~| ie |da jie|ae| bel

oabefeh ig |da ZZF ~ahqkb|fiez Pa|f|fiea~ bkkahalkv wfikb|al+ \ZB eix jkbfoal |db| S|_da hiwa~efeh ZZF

~ahqkb|fiez zpabc gi~ |daozakwaz% Bpp% b| 24% Eawa~|dakazz+ \ZBz oi|fie lfl b||aop| |i fe|a~p~a| |diza

~ahqkb|fiez nv zqhhaz|feh+ nv fopkfjb|fie nq| ei| bzza~|fie+ |db| Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a wfikb|al 0%8$m& najbqza f| jieja~eal GBO lapkivoae|% Zaa Bpp% b| 21/27%


14/52

4

\da BM laefal \ZBz ârqaz| gi~ âjiezfla~b|fie ie Zap|aona~ 4+

>007% Bpp% b| :8/:4% \da BM ei|al |db| âzpielae| fzzqal |da I~la~

Sb_g|a~ |da bppakkbe|z ~aoiwbk+ bel bg|a~ |da bppakkbe| gfkal |da SOZPN_

bppabk+ bel bg|a~ S|da BM_ obla |da i~la~ bkkixfeh O~% H~bjaziez

lapizf|fie% Bpp% b| :4% \da BM gq~|da~ ei|al |db| âzpielae| jiqkl dbwa

obla zqjd b Gfebk I~la~ nagi~a f| p~ipizal |da bppakkbe|z ~aoiwbk+ bel

jiqkl dbwa nbzal f|z p~ipizbk ie |da la|a~ofeb|fie |da~afe% Fez|abl+ f|

jdiza |i obca be bl dij la|a~ofeb|fie |db| xbz ei| b Gfebk I~la~bel

~aoiwal |da bppakkbe| ie |db| nbzfz% Fl%

Lazpf|a |da BMz ~qkfeh+ âzpielae| ~agqzal |i p~ilqja O~% H~bjazie

gi~ lapizf|fie% Fez|abl+ âzpielae| p~ilqjal be bggflbwf| g~io O~%

H~bjazie bkkahfeh |db| da xbz ei| fewikwal fe |da lajfzfie |i ~aoiwa

Pa|f|fiea~% Bpp% b| 47% Z|~behakv+ O~% H~bjaziez bggflbwf| obla ei

oae|fie ig xda|da~ da+ bz âzpielae|z p~awfiqzkv/lazfheb|al atpa~| ie

ZZF+ dbl naae fewikwal fe |da lajfzfie |i la|a~ofea |db| |da fegi~ob|fie

Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal xbz ZZF% Zaa fl% Bkzi z|~beha xbz |da gbj| |db| O~%

H~bjazie gbfkal |i zfhe dfz bggflbwf|% Zaa fl%

^b|da~ |dbe bkkix O~% H~bjazie |i |az|fgv ~ahb~lfeh âzpielae|z ZZF

~ahqkb|fiez+ bz |da BM dbl i~la~al+ âzpielae| fzzqal |da I~la~+ xdfjd

b||aop|al |i lfwaz| |da OZPN ig mq~fzlfj|fie iwa~ |da ob||a~% Bk|diqhd


15/52

6

fzzqal kieh bg|a~ |da gbj| $Bpp% b| :4&+ |da I~la~ pq~pi~|z |i la|a~ofea |db|

|da |at| oazzbha Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal ie Mqkv >6+ >00: jiez|f|q|al ZZF

qela~ |da ZZF ~ahqkb|fie |dae fe aggaj|+ 0%8$m&% A%^% b| 2%

^azpielae| fzzqal |da I~la~ b| b |foa xdae+ nv \ZBz ixe blofzzfie+ |da

zqnmaj| fegi~ob|fie xbz ei| ZZF% Bpp% b| 2>6/2:0%

Ie Ij|ina~ >8+ >007+ Pa|f|fiea~ gfkal dfz Pa|f|fie gi~ ^awfax

jdbkkaehfeh |da I~la~z wbkflf|v%


16/52

20

FW% Z\B\AOAE\ IG GBJ\Z

Ie Mqkv >6+ >00:+ xdfka xi~cfeh bz b GBO gi~ |da Gala~bk Bf~

Ob~zdbk Za~wfja $GBOZ&+ Pa|f|fiea~ ~ajafwal b |at| oazzbha |i dfz

hiwa~eoae|/fzzqal oinfka pdiea% Zaa A% % b| 2% âzpielae| zae| |dfz |at|

oazzbha |i bkk GBOz bel \ZB zqpa~wfzi~z% Bpp% b| 44% \da |at| oazzbha

felfjb|al |db| bkk GBO ~aobfe iwa~efhd| $ÎE& ofzzfiez xiqkl na

jbejakal qp |i Bqhqz| 6+ >00:% A%^% b| 2% \da jbejakkb|fie ig ÎE

ofzzfiez xbz |i nahfe ie Bqhqz| 2+ >00:% Zaa Bpp% b| < bel 7%

\da |at| oazzbhaz bq|di~+ be beievoiqz bhae| ig âzpielae|+ lfl

ei| ob~c |dfz fegi~ob|fie bz ZZF+ ei~ lfl bev zqnzarqae| ~ajfpfae|% Zaa+

a%h%+ Bpp% b| 44/60% \da zaela~ lfl ei| b||bjd b kfof|al lfz|~fnq|fie

z|b|aoae| i~ zbgahqb~l |da fegi~ob|fie fe b pbzzxi~l/p~i|aj|al gi~ob|% Zaa

fl% Fez|abl+ |da zaela~ jdiza |i lfzzaofeb|a |da oazzbha |i GBOz oinfka

pdieaz bel ei| |i |daf~ zajq~a Pa~ziebk Lfhf|bk Bzzfz|be|z $PLBz&% Zaa

A%^% b| 2 bel Bpp% b| 66%

Mqz| |d~aa lbvz ab~kfa~+ ie Mqkv >7+ >00:+ âzpielae| dbl lfz|~fnq|al

be q~hae| fegi~ob|fie jf~jqkb~ |i bkk Q%Z% bf~kfeaz+ bf~pi~| zajq~f|v obebha~z+

bel GBOz% \da fegi~ob|fie jf~jqkb~ jiewaval j~f|fjbk LDZ fe|akkfhaeja

fegi~ob|fie ~ahb~lfeh pkbeeal |a~~i~fz| b||bjcz+ fejkqlfeh b pizzfnka

dfmbjcfeh pki| fewikwfeh gfwa/obe |aboz |db| ofhd| |~v |i zaf}a pkbeaz bel


18/52

2>

Zpajfbk Bhae| Lbwflzie ig |da Ibckbel LDZ IFH Gfakl Iggfja gfaklal

Pa|f|fiea~z jbkk |i IFHz 2/400 di|kfea eqona~% Zpajfbk Bhae| Lbwflzie

bzcal gi~ Pa|f|fiea~z kijb|fie bel p~iwflal dfo xf|d |da |akapdiea eqona~

gi~ IFHz Zbe Lfahi iggfja% Xdae Pa|f|fiea~ jbkkal |dfz eqona~+ dixawa~+

da xbz |ikl da dbl ~abjdal be bqlf| iggfja bel ~aga~~al nbjc |i Ibckbel%

Qebnka |i bpp~fza IFH ig |da lbeha~ âzpielae| j~ab|al nv jbejakfeh ÎE

ofzzfiez+ Pa|f|fiea~ nakfawal da dbl b ~azpiezfnfkf|v |i bka~| |da pqnkfj%

Ie i~ bniq| Mqkv >6+ >00:+ Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal |da jie|ae|z ig |da

qeob~cal |at| oazzbha |i b oaona~ ig |da p~azz% B| |db| |foa+ Pa|f|fiea~

dbl ei felfjb|fie |db| |da |at| oazzbha jie|bfeal ZZF% \i |da jie|~b~v+

âzpielae|z gbfkq~a |i ob~c |da oazzbha bz ZZF+ gbfkq~a |i b||bjd b kfof|al

lfz|~fnq|fie z|b|aoae|+ bel lajfzfie |i zael |da oazzbha |i fezajq~a oinfka

|akapdieaz xf|diq| pbzzxi~l p~i|aj|fie bkk felfjb|al |i Pa|f|fiea~ |db| |da

fegi~ob|fie xbz ei| ZZF%

Jie|~b~v |i |da |at| oazzbha+ |da jbejakkb|fie ig ÎE ofzzfiez xbz

ei| be iggfjfbk GBOZ lajfzfie ie Mqkv >6+ >00: i~ bev|foa |da~abg|a~% \dae/

Lf~aj|i~ \diobz Rqfee jiegf~oz |db| da obla ei gfebk lajfzfie |i jbejak

ÎE ofzzfiez bel lfl ei| bpp~iwa |da zqnmaj| |at| oazzbha% Bpp% b| 200/

202+ 20:/20


19/52

2:

jbejakkb|fie ig ÎE ofzzfiez xbz p~aob|q~a bel b ofz|bca nv |da paipka

xdi xa~a fewikwal% Bpp% b| 7 $aopdbzfz bllal&%

Fe |da ael+ âzpielae| lfl ei| jbejak ÎE ofzzfiez% Ie Mqkv :2+

>00:+ p~fi~ |i |da zjdalqkal jbejakkb|fiez+ âzpielae| ~azqoal GBO

jiwa~bha ie |da gqkk zjdalqka ig j~izz/jiqe|~v bel fe|a~eb|fiebk gkfhd|z%

Bpp% b| 77%

Jiezfz|ae| xf|d âzpielae|z gbfkq~a |i |~ab| |da |at| oazzbha bz ZZF

p~fi~ |i Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a+ âzpielae| zdixal ~aob~cbnkv kf||ka

jieja~e gi~ |da fegi~ob|fie bg|a~xb~lz% Eaf|da~ |da Lf~aj|i~ ei~ bev i|da~

\ZB iggfjfbk ob~cal |da |at| oazzbha bz ZZF qpie ~ajafwfeh f|+ lazpf|a |daf~

inkfhb|fie |i p~i|aj| qeob~cal ZZF% Zaa Bpp% b| 64 bel 208 $gbfkfeh |i ~ajbkk

awae ~ajafp| ig |at| oazzbha& bel 60 $blof||feh gbfkq~a |i ob~c&%

âzpielae| lfl ei| awae ferqf~a fe|i xdi bq|di~al bel lfz|~fnq|al |da |at|

oazzbha+ lazpf|a |da gbj| |db| f| jie|bfeal ei ZZF ob~cfehz+ pizzazzal ei

pbzzxi~l p~i|aj|fie+ bel ofz|bcaekv beeiqejal |da jbejakkb|fie ig ÎE

ofzzfiez nagi~a |da Lf~aj|i~ dbl awae obla b lajfzfie% Zaa Bpp% b| 20


20/52

200:% Pa|f|fiea~ lfl ei| lfzjkiza

zpajfgfj fegi~ob|fie |db| jiqkl aelbeha~ bwfb|fie zajq~f|v3 Pa|f|fiea~ obla b

p~i|aj|al lfzjkizq~a ig fegi~ob|fie |db| atpizalb lbeha~ gbjfeh bwfb|fie

zajq~f|v% Vab~z bg|a~ Pa|f|fiea~ nkax |da xdfz|ka ie âzpielae|z qekbxgqk

bel f~~azpiezfnka gbfkq~a |i p~i|aj| b|/~fzc Boa~fjbe bf~j~bg|+ âzpielae|

~a|bkfb|al nv ~aoiwfeh dfo g~io dfz pizf|fie ie b jdb~ha ig qebq|di~f}al

lfzjkizq~a ig ZZF% \da I~la~ b||aop|z |i zdfakl |db| ~aoiwbk bj|fie g~io

OZPN zj~q|fev nv fopkfjb|feh gala~bk bppakkb|a ~awfax ig âzpielae|z ZZF

la|a~ofeb|fie b| b ~alqjal awflae|fb~v z|belb~l% Fez|abl ig p~i|aj|feh ZZF+

|da I~la~ b||aop|z |i p~i|aj| âzpielae|z nkb|be| bj| ig ~a|bkfb|fie%


21/52

21

W% ZQOOB^V IG B^HQOAE\

Pa|f|fiea~ fz b gi~oa~ GBO xdio âzpielae| pqef|fwakv |a~ofeb|al

najbqza da xiqkl ei| ~aobfe zfkae| bniq| b h~bwa lbeha~ gbjfeh |da

Boa~fjbe paipka%

Ie Mqkv >7+ >00:+ âzpielae| fzzqal bkk GBOz be fegi~ob|fie

jf~jqkb~ p~iwflfeh b la|bfkal bjjiqe| ig foofeae| |a~~i~fz| pki|z |i dfmbjc

bf~j~bg|% Pa|f|fiea~ awae ~ajafwal b pa~ziebk+ iea/ie/iea zajq~f|v n~fagfeh

blwfzfeh dfo |db| |daza pkbeeal |a~~i~fz| b||bjcz jiqkl |bca pkbja bz ab~kv bz

|db| zqooa~ bel ~arqf~al dafhd|aeal GBO wfhfkbeja%

Nq| |dae ie Mqkv >6+ >00: âzpielae| fzzqal bkk GBOz b |at| oazzbha

felfjb|feh |db| âobfe Iwa~efhd| $ÎE& ofzzfiez xiqkl na jbejakal

nahfeefeh Bqhqz| 2+ >00:% Lq~feh b |foa ig akawb|al |a~~i~fz| |d~ab|z+ |da

|at| oazzbha felfjb|al |db| âzpielae| xiqkl ~aoiwa GBO p~i|aj|fie g~io

azpajfbkkv b|/~fzc gkfhd|z% Pa|f|fiea~ ~abziebnkv nakfawal |dfz fegi~ob|fie

awflaejal b wfikb|fie ig kbx+ b |d~ab| |i pqnkfj zbga|v+ be bnqza ig bq|di~f|v+

bel h~izz ofzobebhaoae|%

Bk|diqhd vab~z kb|a~ âzpielae| xiqkl jkbfo |da |at| oazzbha

jie|bfeal ZZF+ ie Mqkv >6+ >00: âzpielae| lfzzaofeb|al |da |at| oazzbha

nv qezajq~al jakk pdiea xf|d ei ZZF ob~cfehz+ ei kfof|al lfz|~fnq|fie

z|b|aoae|+ bel ei pbzzxi~l p~i|aj|fie+ fe wfikb|fie ig eqoa~iqz \ZB


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pikfjfaz% Qpie ~ajafwfeh |da |at| oazzbha+ Pa|f|fiea~ dbl ei felfjb|fie |db|

|dfz fegi~ob|fie xbz ZZF% Fez|abl+ Pa|f|fiea~ dbl b ~abziebnka nbzfz |i

nakfawa |db| lfzjkizfeh |da fegi~ob|fie jiqkl bwa~| b pqnkfj lbeha~ bel

~aoalv qekbxgqk blofefz|~b|fwa bj|fie% Bjji~lfehkv+ Pa|f|fiea~ |iic dfz

jieja~ez |i dfz zqpa~wfzi~ bel |dae |i |da Iggfja ig |da Fezpaj|i~ Haea~bk

$IFH&% Xdae |daza aggi~|z gbfkal |i ~azqk| fe ji~~aj|fwa bj|fie+ Pa|f|fiea~

gak| be inkfhb|fie |i bka~| |da Boa~fjbe paipka |i âzpielae|z qekbxgqk bel

pi|ae|fbkkv lablkv lajfzfie |i xf|dl~bx GBO p~i|aj|fie g~io b|/~fzc gkfhd|z%

Bkoiz| fooalfb|akv bg|a~ Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a+ âzpielae|

beeiqejal |db| ÎE ofzzfiez xiqkl jie|feqa bel pqnkfjkv lfzbwixal |da

jbejakkb|fie pkbe+ jbkkfeh f| p~aob|q~a bel b ofz|bca% Lf~aj|i~ Rqfee

xiqkl kb|a~ bjceixkalha |db| da eawa~ obla b lajfzfie |i jbejak ÎE

ofzzfiez bel eawa~ bq|di~f}al |da qeob~cal |at| oazzbha%

Eab~kv |d~aa vab~z kb|a~+ âzpielae| pqefzdal Pa|f|fiea~ gi~ dfz

xdfz|kankixfeh lfzjkizq~a nv ~aoiwfeh Pa|f|fiea~ g~io dfz pizf|fie bz b

GBO ie |da p~a|aeza |db| |da qeob~cal fegi~ob|fie da lfzjkizal xbz ZZF%

Bk|diqhd |da ei|fja ig ~aoiwbk jdb~hal Pa|f|fiea~ xf|d qebq|di~f}al

lfzjkizq~a ig ZZF+ âzpielae| obla ei iggfjfbk ZZF la|a~ofeb|fie+ mqz| be bl

dij bkkahb|fie% F| xbz iekv bg|a~ Pa|f|fiea~ bppabkal dfz ~aoiwbk |i |da Oa~f|

Zvz|aoz P~i|aj|fie Nib~l $OZPN&+ xda~a |da Blofefz|~b|fwa Mqlha


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beeiqejal |db| âzpielae| xiqkl dbwa |i p~iwa |db| ZZF la|a~ofeb|fie bz

be akaoae| ig |da jdb~ha+ |db| âzpielae| fzzqal |da I~la~%

\dfz |fofeh laoiez|~b|az |db| âzpielae| lfl ei| fzzqa |da I~la~ gi~

|da pq~piza ig p~i|aj|feh |da zqnmaj| fegi~ob|fie+ xdfjd xbz ei kieha~ ZZF

fe Bqhqz| >007% Fez|abl+ âzpielae| fzzqal |da I~la~ gi~ |da pq~piza ig

awblfeh ~awfax nv |da OZPN+ xdfjd ~arqf~az âzpielae| |i p~iwa f|z jdb~ha

nv b p~apiela~beja ig |da awflaeja% Nv fzzqfeh |da I~la~+ âzpielae|

b||aop|z |i fezqkb|a f|z ~aoiwbk bj|fie nv ~alqjfeh âzpielae|z nq~lae ig

p~iig |i b zdixfeh ig zqnz|be|fbk awflaeja%

Nq| awae nv |db| kix z|belb~l |da I~la~ jbeei| xf|dz|bel zj~q|fev%

\da I~la~ fz fewbkfl gi~ abjd ig |da gikkixfeh afhd| ~abziez%

Gf~z|+ |da I~la~ fz ~a|bkfb|i~v ie f|z gbja najbqza f| zfehkaz iq|

Pa|f|fiea~z p~i|aj|al xdfz|kankixa~ lfzjkizq~a bz ZZF% âzpielae| dbz ei

bq|di~f|v |i jq~|bfk Pa|f|fiea~z ~fhd|z qela~ |da XPB% Zajiel+ |da I~la~

laefaz Pa|f|fiea~ lqa p~ijazz nv lap~fwfeh dfo ig dfz z|b|q|i~v ~fhd| |i ~bfza

inmaj|fiez p~fi~ |i |da I~la~z aggaj|fwa lb|a% \df~l+ |da I~la~ fz fewbkfl

najbqza f| fz be fopa~ofzzfnka ~a|~ibj|fwa blofefz|~b|fwa bj|fie+ ~abjdfeh

nbjc oi~a |dbe |d~aa vab~z |i lazfheb|a fegi~ob|fie bz ZZF% Giq~|d+ |da

I~la~ fz fewbkfl najbqza f| wfikb|az |da Be|f/Hbh Z|b|q|a nv zpaelfeh pqnkfj

gqelz |i aegi~ja qekbxgqk ~az|~bfe|z ie zpaajd% Gfg|d+ |da I~la~ fz fewbkfl


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>2

Zajiel+ âzpielae| aelabwi~al |i jbejak ÎE ofzzfiez b| b |foa ig

dafhd|aeal |a~~i~ bka~|z% Mqz| |d~aa lbvz ab~kfa~+ ie Mqkv >7+ >00:+ LDZ zae|

be q~hae| fegi~ob|fie jf~jqkb~ |i bkk GBOz+ fejkqlfeh Pa|f|fiea~% \da

fegi~ob|fie jf~jqkb~ p~iwflal ~awabkal eqoa~iqz la|bfkz ig |a~~i~fz| pki|z

qejiwa~al nv LDZ+ fejkqlfeh b pizzfnka dfmbjcfeh pki| fewikwfeh gfwa/obe

|aboz |db| ofhd| |~v |i zaf}a pkbeaz bel gkv |dao fe|i hiwa~eoae|+ ofkf|b~v+

i~ ajieiofj |b~ha|z% Bpp% b| 7% \db| pki|+ fe pb~|fjqkb~+ zqhhaz|al z|~ieh

pb~bkkakz |i |da Zap|aona~ 22+ >002 dfmbjcfehz ~aga~aejal fe B\ZB% Xf|d

LDZ xb~efeh |db| |dfz |a~~i~fz| b||bjc jiqkl |bca pkbja fe |da zqooa~ ig

>00:+ Pa|f|fiea~ xbz ~abziebnka |i jiejkqla |db| |da jbejakkb|fie ig ÎE

ofzzfiez awflaejal b wfikb|fie ig B\ZB+ xdfjd ~arqf~az âzpielae| |i

p~fi~f|f}a |da p~i|aj|fie ig kieh lfz|beja gkfhd|z+ zqjd bz |diza |b~ha|al ie

Zap|aona~ 22+ >002%


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>>

kabwa j~izz/jiqe|~v bel dfhd gqak/kibl gkfhd|z qep~i|aj|al b| b |foa xdae

LDZ xbz xb~efeh ig foofeae| |a~~i~fz| b||bjcz bhbfez| Boa~fjbe bf~j~bg|%

Bpp% b| 002%< Fl%

Pa|f|fiea~ bkzi ~abziebnkv nakfawal |db| ^azpielae| bnqzal f|z

bq|di~f|v1

bel aehbhal fe h~izz ofzobebhaoae|7

najbqza B\ZB p~iwflaz

|db| kieh lfz|beja gkfhd|z zdiqkl na |~ab|al bz dfhd zajq~f|v ~fzcz bel hfwae

p~fi~f|v p~i|aj|fie% 7+ >:>/:1 $266:&% \da~a fz ei laofefoqz z|belb~l%

7 SH_~izz ofzobebhaoae| oabez b obebhaoae| bj|fie |db| j~ab|az b zqnz|be|fbk ~fzc ig zfhefgfjbe| blwa~za

fopbj| ie ^azpielae|z bnfkf|v |i bjjiopkfzd f|z ofzzfie% Aon~aa w% Lap|% ig \~abzq~v+ 80 OZP^ 86+ 41

$2667&%


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:0

âzpielae| ei| iekv wfikb|al |da ka||a~ ig |da Be|f/Hbh Z|b|q|a+ |da~agi~a+

nq| |da zpf~f| ig f| bz xakk%

\df~l+ fg âzpielae| dbl l~bg|al f|z I~la~ bel f|z ZZF ~ahqkb|fiez fe

jiopkfbeja xf|d |da Be|f/Hbh Z|b|q|a+ eaf|da~ xiqkl dbwa p~idfnf|al

Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a% Fe i|da~ xi~lz+ âzpielae| j~ab|alPa|f|fiea~z

bkkahal wfikb|fie ig 0 nv iof||feh |da Be|f/Hbh Z|b|q|a

bllaelqo z|fpqkb|feh |db| |da ~ahqkb|fie liaz ei| jq~|bfk bev z|b|q|i~v

p~i|aj|fiez gi~ xdfz|kankixfeh bj|fwf|v% Bz zaae bniwa+ Pa|f|fiea~z

lfzjkizq~az gakk zrqb~akv xf|dfe |da XPB+ bel nv kbx f|z kbehqbha oqz|

zqpa~zala |da ~ahqkb|i~v p~iwfzfiez qzal |i ~aoiwa dfo%

Giq~|d+ nv iof||feh |da Be|f/Hbh Z|b|q|a bllaelqo+ âzpielae|z

I~la~ bel ZZF ~ahqkb|fiez wfikb|a |da ji~~azpielfeh p~iwfzfiez gi~ bkk LDZ

pa~zieeak% âzpielae|z wfikb|fie ig |da Be|f/Hbh Z|b|q|a fe |dfz fez|beja

bppab~z |i na lakfna~b|a najbqza+ bz laoiez|~b|al nv |da LDZ Eie/

Lfzjkizq~a Bh~aaoae|+ âzpielae| fz xakk bxb~a ig |da ~arqf~al Be|f/Hbh

Z|b|q|a bllaelqo% Zaa Bpp% b|


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jieja~efeh oa~f| zvz|ao p~fejfpkaz% \da Be|f/Hbh Z|b|q|a+ xdfjd atpkfjf|kv

p~aza~waz |da OZPN xdfz|kankixa~ ~fhd|+ jiez|f|q|az zqjd b kbx%

Zft|d+ âzpielae|z wfikb|fie ig |da Be|f/Hbh Z|b|q|a fz jie|feqiqz

bel ie/hifeh najbqza âzpielae| dbz ei| jabzal zpaelfeh gqelz |d~iqhdiq|

|dfz kf|fhb|fie |i aegi~ja f|z I~la~ bel f|z ZZF ~ahqkb|fiez% Awae oi~a

lboefeh+ âzpielae|z ZZF ~ahqkb|fiez+ xdfjd jkab~kv rqbkfgv bz b

eielfzjkizq~a pikfjv+ jie|feqa |i kbjc |da p~iwfzfie ~arqf~al nv |da Be|f/

Hbh Z|b|q|a+ j~ab|feh |da pi|ae|fbk |db| Pa|f|fiea~z zf|qb|fie xfkk na ~apab|al

aelkazzkv%

A% \da I~la~ fz Fewbkfl najbqza âzpielae|z Gbfkq~a |i Gikkix Bev ig

f|z ZZF Pikfjfaz xf|d âzpaj| |i |da Zqnmaj| Fegi~ob|fie Jiejkqzfwakv

Laoiez|~b|az |db| f| xbz ei| ZZF

Ie Mqkv >6+ >00:+ âzpielae| lfzzaofeb|al |da zqnmaj| |at| oazzbha

|d~iqhd be fezajq~a oalfqo xf|d ei ZZF ob~cfehz+ ei lfz|~fnq|fie

kfof|b|fie z|b|aoae|+ bel ei pbzzxi~l p~i|aj|fie% Zaa Bpp% b| 44/46% \dfz

pb|ae| lfz~ahb~l gi~ jiegflae|fbkf|v laoiez|~b|az |db| |da jbejakkb|fie ig

ÎE ofzzfiez xbz ei|+ fe gbj|+ ZZF% âzpielae|z jb~akazz obeea~ ig

lfzzaofeb|feh |da zqnmaj| |at| oazzbha+ xdfjd wfikb|al ei gaxa~ |dbe giq~

pikfjfaz lazfheal |i p~i|aj| bhbfez| qebq|di~f}al lfzjkizq~az+ kabwaz ei

liqn| |db| |da fegi~ob|fie xbz eawa~ ZZF%


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|at| oazzbha xf|d ei kfof|al lfz|~fnq|fie z|b|aoae|+ bhbfe zqhhaz|feh |db|

âzpielae| lfl ei| jiezfla~ |dfz fegi~ob|fie |i na ZZF%

Giq~|d+ |da Fe|a~fo ZZF Pikfjv p~iwflal |db| jakkqkb~ |akapdieaz piza b

dafhd|aeal ~fzc ig fe|a~jap|fie bel oief|i~feh bel |da~agi~a p~iwflal |db|

Sf_elfwflqbkz eaalfeh |i pbzz ZZF nv |akapdiea oqz| bwifl |daza lawfjaz

qekazz |da jf~jqoz|bejaz xa~a atfhae| i~ |da |~bezofzzfiez b~a aejilal i~

i|da~xfza p~i|aj|al% Bpp% b| 1>3 zaa bkzi Bpp% b| 2>2/2>>% \da

jbejakkb|fie ig ÎE ofzzfiez xbz jkab~kv ei| ZZF najbqza âzpielae|

|~bezof||al |dfz fegi~ob|fie nv |at| oazzbha |i hiwa~eoae|/fzzqal jakkqkb~

|akapdieaz+ xf|diq| aejilfeh+ b| b |foa xdae ei atfhae| jf~jqoz|bejaz

~arqf~al f|% Awae bzzqofeh+ gi~ |da zbca ig b~hqoae|+ |db| atfhae|

jf~jqoz|bejaz lfl atfz|+ |da zaela~ jiqkl dbwa |~bezof||al |da zqnmaj|

fegi~ob|fie |i |da fe|aelal ~ajfpfae|z pbzzxi~l/arqfppal PLBz lazfheal

|i bkkix bjjazz |i bq|di~f}al pb~|faz iekv% Pa~dbpz |db| fz xdv gi~oa~

Lf~aj|i~ Rqfee bzzqoal |db| GBOz xiqkl ei| |~bezof| fegi~ob|fie nv |at|

oazzbha ~b|da~ |dbe nv PLB% Bpp% b| 66% Nv |~bezof||feh |da jbejakkb|fie

ig ÎE ofzzfiez nv |at| oazzbha fez|abl ig nv PLB+ fe |da bnzaeja ig

atfhae| jf~jqoz|bejaz+ âzpielae| laoiez|~b|al |db| f| lfl ei| ~ahb~l |db|

fegi~ob|fie bz ZZF%


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:007 gi~

bkkahalkv lfzjkizfeh ZZF+ |da ei|fja ig ~aoiwbk bkkahal |db| Pa|f|fiea~ dbl


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:1

wfikb|al 0%1$n&$4&$ff&% Bpp% b| 2% \dfz bkkahb|fie xbz

feji~~aj| najbqza+ bz |da I~la~ xiqkl kb|a~ jiejala+ b ~ahqkb|fie xf|d |db|

jf|b|fie xbz ei| fe aggaj| ie Mqkv >6+ >00:+ |da lb|a ig Pa|f|fiea~z

lfzjkizq~a% Zaa A%^% b| 2+ ge% 2%

Zajiel+ ^azpielae| bkzi ofzrqi|al |da bppkfjbnka ~ahqkb|fie+ 0%8$m&+ nv iof||feh kbehqbha |db| za|z z|~fj| kfof|z ie xdb|

rqbkfgfaz bz ZZF% Bjji~lfeh |i |da ei|fja ig ~aoiwbk+ |da ~ahqkb|fie p~i|aj|z

fegi~ob|fie jieja~efeh lapkivoae|z+ eqona~z+ bel ipa~b|fiez ig Gala~bk

Bf~ Ob~zdbkz% Bpp% b| 2% Ji~~aj|kv z|b|al+ dixawa~+ 0%8$m&

pa~|bfez |i fegi~ob|fie jieja~efeh zpajfgfj eqona~z ig Gala~bk Bf~

Ob~zdbkz+ lapkivoae|z i~ ofzzfiez $aopdbzfz bllal&% ^azpielae|

atbhha~b|al |da zjipa ig |da fegi~ob|fie |db| jbe na lazfheb|al ZZF nv

iof||feh |da kfof|feh xi~l zpajfgfj+ xdfjd p~agbjaz |da |a~o eqona~z ig

Gala~bk Bf~ Ob~zdbkz bel b~hqbnkv oilfgfaz lapkivoae|z i~ ofzzfiez bz

xakk%6

\dfz iofzzfie fz pb~|fjqkb~kv hkb~feh fe kfhd| ig |da ipaefeh xi~lz ig

0%8$m&+ xdfjd p~i|aj| iekv zpajfgfj la|bfkz ig bwfb|fie

zajq~f|v oabzq~az $aopdbzfz bllal&%

\df~l+ |da I~la~ gbfkz |i flae|fgv p~ajfzakv dix |da fegi~ob|fie

Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal gf|z xf|dfe |da ~ahqkb|i~v lagfef|fie ig ZZF% \da I~la~

6 Zaa zaj|fie H nakix%


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kabwaz |dfz fzzqa qe~azikwal nv igga~feh |da fejiejkqzfwa z|b|aoae| |db|

Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal fegi~ob|fie |db| jieja~eal zpajfgfj GBO lapkivoae|z

i~ofzzfiez $aopdbzfz bllal&% A%^% b| 2% Fg |da I~la~ fz âzpielae|z

pizf|fie ie |da rqaz|fie ig xdfjd |a~o lapkivoae| i~ ofzzfiez lazj~fnaz

|da jie|ae| ig Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a+ |dae âzpielae| |bcaz ei pizf|fie%

Bg|a~ bkk+ |da I~la~ liaz ei| zpajfgv xda|da~ Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a

jieja~eal lapkivoae|z i~ ofzzfiez+ bk|diqhd O~% Jikzcv+ âzpielae|z

lazfheb|al atpa~| ie ZZF+ obfe|bfez |db| |da |xi |a~oz dbwa lfgga~ae|

oabefehz bel b~a ei| ji/at|aezfwa% Bpp% b| 22>%

Giq~|d+ |da I~la~ lfz~ahb~lz |da pkbfe kbehqbha ig 0%8$m& nv obcfeh ei gfelfehz ig gbj| pa~|bfefeh |i |dazpajfgfjf|v ig |da

zqnmaj| fegi~ob|fie% Bz laoiez|~b|al bniwa+ âzpielae| p~awfiqzkv

inzjq~al be azzae|fbk kfof|b|fie ie ZZF nv iof||feh |da xi~l zpajfgfj g~io

|da ei|fja ig ~aoiwbk% \da I~la~ jie|feqaz |dfz ingqzjb|fie nv iof||feh bev

zqppi~|feh awflaeja gi~ f|z nbkl bzza~|fie |db| |da fegi~ob|fie Pa|f|fiea~

lfzjkizal jieja~ealzpajfgfj GBO lapkivoae|z i~ ofzzfiez ie kieh/

lfz|beja gkfhd|z% A%^% b| 2% \da I~la~ jf|az ei gfelfehz ig gbj| |i zdix |db|

|da zqnmaj| fegi~ob|fie xbz zpajfgfj+ bel O~% Jikzcv+ xdi bq|di~al |da

I~la~+ blof|z |db| dfz iekv |~bfefeh ie dix |i fe|a~p~a| |da xi~l zpajfgfj

xbz dfhd zjdiik% Bpp% b| 222%


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Jie|~b~v |i |da I~la~+ |da jbejakkb|fie ig ÎE ofzzfiez xbz ei|

zpajfgfj fegi~ob|fie bz jie|aopkb|al qela~ 0%8$m& najbqza f|

fz ei| b| bkk jkab~ xdfjd gkfhd|z fewikwa ÎE ofzzfiez% Xdfka Pa|f|fiea~

lfzjkizal |da gbj| |db| ÎE ofzzfiez xiqkl na jbejakal+ da lfzjkizal ei

fegi~ob|fie |db| xiqkl bzzfz| beviea xf|d |da fe|ae| |i db~o bwfb|fie

zajq~f|v fe la|a~ofefeh xdfjd gkfhd|z fewikwa ÎE ofzzfiez% Eaf|da~ lfl

Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkiza bev fegi~ob|fie bniq| xda|da~+ xda~a+ xdae+ xdv i~ dix

âzpielae| xiqkl ~abzzfhe GBOz p~awfiqzkv zjdalqkal |i pa~gi~o ÎE

ofzzfiez+ fg bev% Gi~ b oaona~ ig |da haea~bk pqnkfj+ |da~agi~a+ |da

fegi~ob|fie |db| Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal xiqkl na ae|f~akv fezqggfjfae| |i

la|a~ofea xda|da~ bev pb~|fjqkb~ gkfhd| xiqkl i~ xiqkl ei| aemiv GBO

p~i|aj|fie%

Gi~oa~ Lf~aj|i~ Rqfee blof||al |db| |da fegi~ob|fie Pa|f|fiea~

lfzjkizal lfl ei| jieja~e be felfwflqbk Gala~bk Bf~ Ob~zdbk |abo i~ be

felfwflqbk zf|qb|fie% Bpp% b| 20>% ^b|da~+ |da fegi~ob|fie xbz zi n~ibl

bel haea~bk |db| f| jieja~eal |da ae|f~a ~azpiezfnfkf|faz ig \ZB bel |da

Gala~bk Bf~ Ob~zdbk Za~wfja felaal+ |da ae|f~a bwfb|fie liobfe% Fl%

Bjji~lfehkv+ Pa|f|fiea~ lfl ei| lfzjkizazpajfgfj fegi~ob|fie jieja~efeh

GBO lapkivoae|z i~ ofzzfiez bz jie|aopkb|al nv 0%8$m&%


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:4

Gfg|d+ |da I~la~ fhei~az âzpielae|z ixe fe|a~p~a|b|fie ig ZZF%

Xdae |da qela~zfheal jiqezak bzcal O~% Jikzcv xda|da~ b lfzjkizq~a |db|

âzpielae| lapkivz dqel~alz ig |diqzbelz ig Bf~ Ob~zdbkz xiqkl

jiez|f|q|a ZZF qela~ 0%8$m&+ O~% Jikzcv ~apkfal |db| Sb_

z|b|aoae| |db| n~ibl bel haea~bk jiqkle| pizzfnkv na qzal |i |da la|~foae|

ig |da zajq~f|v ig |~bezpi~|b|fie bel |da~agi~a xiqkl ei| jiez|f|q|a ZZF%

Bpp% b| 2:2%

Nq| Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a |db| ÎE ofzzfiez xiqkl na jbejakal xbz

bkzi n~ibl bel haea~bk% G~io |da oa~a gbj| |db| ÎE ofzzfiez xiqkl na

jbejakal+ zioaiea xf|d |da fe|ae| |i fopbf~ bwfb|fie zajq~f|v jiqkl gfel ei

bzzfz|beja% Bg|a~ bkk+ iekv GBOz bel \ZB zqpa~wfzi~z ceix xdfjd gkfhd|z

~arqf~a ÎE ofzzfiez% Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a jiqkl ei| pizzfnkv dbwa naae

qzal |i |da la|~foae| ig |da zajq~f|v ig |~bezpi~|b|fie najbqza f| hbwa

pi|ae|fbk |a~~i~fz|z ei fegi~ob|fie ~ahb~lfeh zpajfgfj GBO lapkivoae|z i~

ofzzfiez% Pa|f|fiea~ lfzjkizal |db| ÎE ofzzfiez xiqkl na jbejakal+ nq| da

lfl ei| felfjb|a xdfjd gkfhd|z fewikwa ÎE ofzzfiez% Xf|diq| |db|

ceixkalha+ b pi|ae|fbk |a~~i~fz| jiqkl ei| obca ei qza ig Pa|f|fiea~z

lfzjkizq~a%

Zft|d+ |da lajfzfie |i jbejak ÎE ofzzfiez xbz ei| be iggfjfbk GBOZ

bj|fie3 f| xbz b p~aob|q~a+ qebq|di~f}al+ bel ofz|bcae lajfzfie |db|


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6+ >00:% Jiopb~a 0%8$m& bel 0%1$n&$4&$ff&% \dfz jiejkqzfie |bcaz bllf|fiebk zqppi~| g~io |da gbj|

|db| 0%8$m& ~arqf~al b pikfjv lijqoae| fe|a~p~a|feh xdb| fz

p~i|aj|al $Bpp% b| 2>:&+ |iha|da~ xf|d |da gbj| |db| b zqnzarqae| wa~zfie ig

|da ~ahqkb|fie obla b ki| ig jkb~fgfjb|fiez $Bpp% b| 220&+ fejkqlfeh be

bk|a~b|fie |i |da wa~v kbehqbha Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a zqppizalkv wfikb|al%

\dfz zqnzarqae| zdfg| fe |da ~ahqkb|i~v kbehqbha laoiez|~b|az |db| 0%8$m&+ |da ZZF ~ahqkb|fie fe aggaj| fe Mqkv >00:+ lfl ei| pq| Pa|f|fiea~

ie jkab~ ei|fja ig xdb| fegi~ob|fie xbz ZZF%


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001 ^azpielae| dbl ei x~f||ae pikfjfaz i~

p~ijalq~az p~iwflfeh j~f|a~fb gi~ la|a~ofefeh xdb| jiez|f|q|az ZZF% Bpp%


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b| 40% Bkoiz| |xi vab~z bg|a~ Pa|f|fiea~z lfzjkizq~a+ âzpielae| z|fkk Sdbl_

ei| lawakipal pikfjfaz bel p~ijalq~az gi~ p~iwflfeh zpajfbkf}al |~bfefeh gi~

bkk ig f|z aopkivaaz obcfeh ZZF lazfheb|fiez ie dix fegi~ob|fie fz |i na

flae|fgfal bel awbkqb|al gi~ p~i|aj|al z|b|qz% Bpp% b| 87%

Bz b ~azqk| ig |da bonfhqf|v fe 0%8$m&+ bel

âzpielae|z gbfkq~a |i p~iwfla bev jkb~fgfjb|fie i~ hqflbeja+ |da ~ahqkb|fie

oqz| na jiez|~qal bhbfez| âzpielae|% \da I~la~ jbeei| na wbkfl+

|da~agi~a+ najbqza f| ~akfaz ie be bonfhqiqz ~ahqkb|fie |db| gbfkal |i hfwa

Pa|f|fiea~ jkab~ ei|fja ig xdb| fegi~ob|fie jiez|f|q|az ZZF%

D% \da I~la~ fz Fewbkfl Najbqza f|z Pq~piza fz Gi~qo Zdippfeh

Bk|diqhd |da I~la~ jkbfoz |i gbjfkf|b|a mqlfjfbk ~awfax ig

âzpielae|z ZZF la|a~ofeb|fie $A%^% b| 2&+ |da I~la~ lap~fwaz Pa|f|fiea~ ig

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Pa|f|fiea~ obv jdbkkaeha âzpielae|z Bp~fk 20+ >007 Ei|fja ig âoiwbk nv

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xbz ZZF+ be azzae|fbk akaoae| ig |da jdb~ha% Bjji~lfehkv+ \ZB pkablfehz

zdfg| g~io |da p~aofza |db|


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F+ Pa|a~ D% Eiiea+ Azrqf~a+ ja~|fgv |db| F dbwa |dfz >6|d lbv ig Mbeqb~v+

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A~fj Gkafzfh/H~aaea

Q%Z% Lapb~|oae| ig Mqz|fja

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Liqhkbz E% Ka||a~

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Pa|a~ D% Eiiea

initial ninth circuit sensitive security information ( ssi ) petition maclean v. dhs january 30,...

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