Slide 1

Ingres for Oracle Experienced Users

Audience

People who “learned” on Oracle Oracle DBAs PL/SQL Developers Developers of applications that were on Oracle

NOT for:– Ingres experienced people– Other database DBAs and developers

Slide 2

Who am I?

Product manager at Ingres Father, adventurer and husband NOT an Ingres Expert!

– Light development and DBA activities on test and production systems… I leave it to the experts, but needed to know!

Long time Oracle user, developer and DBA– Came to the table with notions of “the way things work”– Started on Oracle 6

– Production DBA on 7.3-10g– Developed and managed dev teams on Oracle using variety of

tech stacks– OCP on versions 7, 8 and 8i

Slide 3

What they have in Common

Enterprise class databases– Large global customers supported 24x7– Enterprise experience from the front line to the CEO– Proven Track Record of mission-critical large

application deployments– Superb recoverability– Superb scalability– Superb standards support

Slide 4

Ingres Installation

Oracle Oracle Home

Ingres Ingres Install

Slide 5

• Both used as a unit for patching and upgrading• Can have multiple per OS instance• Each have a unique identifier

Ingres… The Database

Oracle “Database” Many databases Per

Install/Home

One big clump, separation by “Schema” or user

Ingres “Database” Many per Install and

Instance!

Databases separated from system tablespace via iidbdb, cross db users

Slide 6

Ingres and Users

Oracle User Typically internally defined Optionally OS user driven

Specific to db Instance

DBAs defined via roles/privs (“shadow” DBAs)

Ingres Typically OS user driven Optionally internally defined

Cross db or even Install

DBA defined at createdb Optionally GRANT DB_ADMIN

ON DATABASE <dbname> TO <user> from iidbdb

Slide 7

Ingres Connectivity

Oracle TNS Name/Service

Name Instance/Listener

Process driven

Ingres Vnode

Install-driven [II]

Slide 8

Ingres Backup and Recovery

Oracle Cold Backup

Hot Backup

Exp/imp

Archive Log Mode– By instance

Ingres OS Backup of Locs and

II_SYSTEM

ckpdb

Unloaddb/copydb

Journaling turned on– Per db, always iidbdb @

install

Slide 9

Ingres Startup and shutdown

Oracle sqlplus < startup Privileged SQL Driven

Service on Windows

Per Database

Ingres ingstart CLI/Tool Driven

Service on Window

Across databasesBefore even create or recover

Slide 10

Ingres Configuration

“init.ora” Changed via OEM and

sqlplus

config.dat Changed via terminal

application or Windows application

Changes tracked via config.log

cbf

Slide 11

Ingres Inside

Oracle DBA Views USER_*

DBA_*

V$ views

Ingres Standard Catalogs Standard Catalogs

– iitables,iicolumns, etc.

iidbdb Standard Catalogs

imadb database

Slide 12

Ingres Procedural Language

Oracle PL/SQL Triggers Stored Procedures

Ingres Procedures Rules or Triggers Database Procedures

No “Packages”

Slide 13

Ingres SQL

Oracle ANSI Standard outer Outer Joins via (+)

decode nvl

/ Explain plan

Ingres ANSI Standard outer

join syntax

case ifnull

\g QEP

Slide 14

Ingres Journal Analyzer

Oracle LogMiner Used to make sense out

of cryptic data in redo and archive logs

Ingres Journal Analyzer Used to make sense out

of cryptic data in the Transaction Log File and Journal Files

Slide 15

Getting things done

Ingres: Connectivity Tools

Oracle SQL*Plus Oracle Developer Huge selection of 3rd

Party “stuff”

Ingres sql or isql Ingres CAFE Eclipse with the DTP

– Java IDE with integrated SQL and Stored procedure development

Any JDBC, .NET, Python, or Perl IDE

SQuirrelSQL Ingres Visual Tools

– Exhaustive windows toolset

Slide 17

How to connect, really…

Terminal Connectivity Users: Ingres and others Setting my environment Termcap and TERM_INGRES

– Windows has shortcuts and GUI Tools Ingstart What is my listen address (vnode)?

– What port am I on? grep NTWK errlog.log Database?

– System databases• iidbdb• imadb

– Infodb CLI Impersonating users… the ubiquitous -u

Slide 18

How to connect, really… via JDBC

Classpath– $II_SYSTEM/ingres/lib/iijdbc.jar– Copy the file to your classpath will work too

Class: com.ingres.jdbc.IngresDriver Connection String

– jdbc:ingres://localhost:II7/demodb Username

– OS User to connect– Impersonating other users as “ingres” or the sysadmin user in

JDBC• Append ;dbms_user=mydbuser to your connect string

Slide 19

What happened? Log files and configuration

ingstop -show Alert Log = Errlog.log and more

– $II_SYSTEM/ingres/files• errlog.log – system events and errors• iircp.log – recovery/logging errors• iiacp.log – archiver errors• ckpdb.log – backup and recovery logs• config.log – configuration changes logged

What version and patches?

– $II_SYSTEM/ingres/version.rel Configuration

– $II_SYSTEM/ingres/files/config.dat

Slide 20

Changing Configuration via shell script

iisetres iigetres Warnings!

– manual changes don’t show in config.log– Don’t change config.dat by hand

• Dependent changes will not occur When?

– Initial setup of installs and databases.– Pull out relevant config for use in scripting

Slide 21

Cautions: Locking

Reads DO lock by default– Append “;CURSOR=READONLY” to your JDBC

connection string– Run the following at a SQL Prompt:

• set lockmode session where readlock = nolock;

• http://docs.ingres.com/dba/UserControlledLocking

– Does not preclude inserts, updates and deletes Learn more about Ingres Locking at docs.ingres.com My Finding

– In Oracle, where you manage redo and undo, in Ingres you manage logging and locking

Slide 22

Cautions: Tables and being a DBA

From the Ingres documentation– “The new table is owned by the user who creates it.

The owner of the table is allowed to perform certain operations on the table that other users are not. For example, only the owner (or a user with the security privilege impersonating the owner) can alter or drop a table.”

Slide 23

Learn More

This is NOT the full picture! Ingres Community – http://community.ingres.com

– Wiki– Forums– Documentation – http://docs.ingres.com– Tech Blog

• http://blogs.ingres.com/tech

Slide 24

JDBC Resources

http://docs.ingres.com/connectivity/UnderstandingJDBCConnectivity

http://community.ingres.com/wiki/Ingres_JDBC_Learn

Slide 25

Learn More

Ingres Education: In depth Instructor-Led Training for DBAs, Developers, Performance Tuning and more

Webinars and Whitepapers on Ingres.com

Slide 26

Enterprise Access for Migration from Oracle

Make your life easy… Enterprise Access provides an Oracle Gateway

– Access Oracle data directly from Ingres– Commercial Product

• Worth the cost in time and effort to enable migrations, data type mappings, etc.

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