information resource management
TRANSCRIPT
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Information Resource Management
Week 1
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History on Secured information
1900 BC first written cryptography 500 BC Hebrew substitution cipher 50 BC Caesar cipher 1844 telegraph (easily “tapped”, civil
war) 1876 telephone invented 1900 radio/wireless (easy intercept)
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WAVE PERIOD ACTIVITIES
First Wave Agriculture Age Farming
Second Wave Industrial AgeMass
production
Third WaveInformation
AgeSpecification/inf
o
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What is … Information
Information is data that have been collected and processed into a meaningful form.
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Why Information Needed? To perform task/job. To plan. To solve problems. To make decision. To take action
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Sources of Information Internal Sources
Organizational chart – who does what? Reports and annual accounts List of directors and managers with their
responsibilities. Telephone directories Personnel departments
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Sources of Information External Sources
Reference books Quality newspapers / magazines Public / academic libraries Public relation department of a company Commercial organization who is expert in
providing companies information through computer.
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What is … Resources
A re-usable source of supply to produce something. Examples include human, financial, material, and information resources. To maximize the efficient and effective use of resources, they must be classified in order to share them and eliminate unwanted redundancy, and controlled in order to receive, store and distribute them properly.
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What is … Management
A set of activities (including planning and decision making, organizing, leading, and controlling) directed at an organization’s resources (human, financial, physical, and information) with the aim of achieving organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner.
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What is IRM??? IRM can be stated simply as a process to
manage information efficiently and effectively in fulfilling the objectives of the firm.
IRM concepts rest under the premise that information, information related activities, technologies and personnel are important organizational resources that deserve to be managed like any other resources in the organization (Trauth, 1989).
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Definitions of IRMIRM is the management (planning,
organization, operations and control) of the resources (human and physical) concerned with the systems support
(development, enhancement and maintenance) and the servicing
(processing, transformation, distribution, storage and retrieval) of information (data, text, voice, image)
for an enterprise. - (Schneyman, 1985)
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Definitions … IRM is the recognition by an organization
that data and information are valuable resources and the application of the same principles an managing data and information as are used in managing physical resources such as personnel. (McLeod and Brittain-White, 1988).
IRM, simply put, is the belief that information is an asset that should be managed rigorously and can contribute to the success of businesses. (Kerr, 1991)
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Definitions … IRM is an activity that is pursued by
managers on all levels of the firm for the purpose of identifying, acquiring, and managing the information resources needed to satisfy information needs. (McLeod and Schell, 2001).
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Components of IRM in Modern Organization
The Information ResourcesThe Information Resources
Facilities
Software DatabaseHardware
InformationSpecialists
Users
Information
2-10
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Why IRM? Necessity in today’s modern
organization. The engine that is driving the
information economy whereby information and knowledge are intensively used.
Information resources --- important asset. Therefore, it need effective
management.
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Benefits of IRM Identifies gaps and duplication of
information; Clarifies roles and responsibilities of owners
and users of information; Provide costs saving in the procurement
and handling of information; Identifies cost/benefits of different
information resources; Actively supports management decision
processes with quality information.
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Who needs IRM? Any organization that wants to
survive in today’s turbulent dynamic environment need IRM in order to be adaptive, knowing and learning.
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Adaptive Organization
An organization that modifies its business practices in response to the changing needs of its stakeholders: customers, employees, and stockholders. It rapidly adapt to changes in its operating environment, it doesn’t take the time to determine the underlying patterns of change within the environment.
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Knowing Organization
The knowing organization possesses information and knowledge so that
it is well informed, mentally perceptive, and enlightened. Its
actions are based on shared and valid understanding of the organization’s
environments and needs (Choo, Chun Wei: The Knowing Organization. New
York 1998 ).
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Learning OrganizationAn organization in which everyone is engaged
in identifying and solving problems, enabling the organization to continuously experiment,
improve, and increase its capability. Changing employee behaviors and attitudes is key to the continuous organizational renewal needed
in today’s rapidly changing world. The organization as a whole is committed to continual improvement of every facet of itself, its products
and its services – by learning. (Senge, Peter M., “The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of Learning Organizations,” )
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WHERE & WHEN?
Challenge to perform better, effectively and quickly, sharing of information and knowledge is critical for organizations.
Wherever and whenever possible information should be
stored in a form that maximizes it's inherent usefulness.
Information is a valuable resource and requires careful
stewardship.
Organizations that handle information processes with people who regularly needs to access distributed information in the course of the workday such as data workers, information workers, and knowledge workers
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HOW? ERP Williard Model
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ERP
ERP stands for “enterprise resource planning.” ERP is an integrated software solution used to manage
a company’s resources. Business planning systems have been evolving for decades,
and ERP, enterprise resource planning, is the current generation. ERP’s immediate predecessors, MRP (material requirements planning) and MRP II (manufacturing resources planning), focused mainly on managing the manufacturing and accounting resources of a company.
Today’s ERP systems now integrate all business management functions, including planning, inventory/materials management, engineering, order processing, manufacturing, purchasing, accounting and finance, human resources, and more.
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The Willard Model
Identification - The discovery of information resources and the recording of their features in an inventory
Ownership - The establishment of responsibility for the upkeep of an information resource
Cost and Value - Assessment of the cost of an information resource and its value to the organisation
Development - The further development of an existing information resource to enhance its value to the organisation
Exploitation - The processes which may allow a resource to generate further value through conversion into an asset or a saleable commodity
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Discussion
Information Warfare
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Classes of information warfare Different classes of information
warfare Personal information warfare Corporate information warfare Global information warfare
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Corporate information warfare Kodak vs. Fuji
Fuji stole plans from Kodak to build disposable cameras
Kodak hired EX-CIA operatives (!) as “Information Warriors”
Eventually Kodak came to the market first with the cameras
Shredders with scanners built in to them Scan before shredding Stored in memory for eventual download
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Corporate information warfare
“Business is War” – Old Japanese proverb