information and computer communication technology

7/25/2019 Information and Computer Communication Technology

1/66

Information And CommunicationInformation And Communication

TechnologyTechnology

By-

Ram Kishore Roy Department of Electronics and Communication Technology,

Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India


2/66

Plan of Talk

01/20/16 2Information and CommunicationTechnology

Introduction

Information and CommunicationTechnology

Parts of Computer

HardwareSoftware

Basic PC Components

Networks and Communication

Internet

E-mail

Numer System


3/66

Introduction

Technological inno!ation is essential for

human de!elopment" #rom the printing press to the computer$

people ha!e de!ised tools for facilitatinglearning and communication"

Technology is not inherently good or ad$the outcome depends on how it is used"



4/66

Information and communications technology

Information technology (IT) is a technology which

uses computers to gather process store protectand transfer information!

Information and communications technology (ICT)

in"ol"es inno"ations in microelectronics computing(hardware and software) telecom#medications andopto#electronics $micro#

processors semiconductors %&er optics!

These inno"ations ena&le the processing and storageof enormous amounts of information along withrapid distri&ution of information through

communication networ's!01/20/16 Information and CommunicationTechnology


5/66

Parts of Computer

The computer consists of:

Hardware:- physical computer parts, palpale andvisile

Software:- Computer !oftware are programs that tell the

computer what to do"

01/20/16 Information and CommunicationTechnology


6/66

Eamples of Computer Hardware

Monitor: T.V. like screen used to showpictures and words

CP%&Central Processing %nit this is

where most of the computer'scalculations take place" In terms ofcomputing power$ the CP% is themost important element of acomputing system"

!ey"oard: This de#ice is used to typeinformation into the computer and contains

the num"ers $-%&



7/66

'ore Computer Hardware

'ouse: a small de#ice( which you mo#e across

the top of the desk to mo#e the pointer or cursor

on the screen&

Printer: used to make a paper copy ofthe information from the computer.

Imae !canner: an electronic de"icethat enerates a diitalrepresentation of an imae for datainput to a computer

01/20/16 *Information and CommunicationTechnology


8/66

Computer Architecture

01/20/16 +Information and CommunicationTechnology


9/66

)asic principle of computers

Data enters the computer through one or more input

devices. The computer then processes the data andtransmits the resulting data to output devices. Output

devices can be human interfaces such as a screen or

another electronic device such as a storage device or

computer network!

01/20/16 ,Information and CommunicationTechnology


10/66

)asic PC ComponentsMother#oard: The mother&oard is the core of thesystem! It really is the -C. e"erything else is connected

to it and it controls e"erything in the system!Processor: The processor is often thought of as theengine of the computer! Its also called the C-(central processing unit)!Memory: (45) The system memory is often called

45 (for random access memory)! This is the primarywor'ing memory which holds all the programs anddata the processor is using at a gi"en time!$ase%chassis: The case is the frame or chassis thathouses the mother&oard power supply dis' dri"es

adapter cards and any other physical components inthe system! The case is co"ered inPower supply: The power supply feeds electricalpower to the internal components in the -C!



11/66

&loppy dri"e: The oppy dri"e is a low#capacity remo"a&le#media magnetic#storage de"ice! 5any recent systems useother types of remo"a&le magnetic or 78#&ased ash memoryde"ices instead of oppy dri"es for remo"a&le storage!

'ard dri"e: The hard dis' is the primary high#capacity storagemedia for the system! $( or (V( dri"e: C9 (compact disc) and 9:9 (digital "ersatile

disc) dri"es are relati"ely high#capacity remo"a&le#mediaoptical dri"es. most newer systems include dri"es featuringwrite/rewrite capa&ility!

Key#oard: The 'ey&oard is the primary de"ice on a -C that isused &y a human to communicate with and control a system! Mouse; 4lthough many types of pointing de"ices are on the

mar'et today the %rst and most popular de"ice for this purposeis the mouse!

Video card:The "ideo card controls the information you see on

the monitor! Monitor5onitors are output de"ice! !ound card:4 sound card ena&les the -C to generate comple"

Closed switches are -&& ecause electricity

cant get through"The computer reads -&& its or switches as ?"



42/66

8it

a inary digit, the smallest unit of information, aone or a 8ero"

the smallest unit of electronic information, a it anhold either of two variales, ? or >"



43/66

The memory chips in our

computer are divided into

thousands of tiny

compartments called its"

Each and every it has an

electronic switch, or gate"

- means the gate is open

and letting electricity

through"



44/66

.hat is email;

short for electronic mail

send @ receive messages over the internet



45/66

.hat you need

a computer with internet access

an email account with a service provider such

as 0ahoo, Gmail, #otmail, etc

note: *icrosoft -utloo$ and Apple *ail, are

-T email providers 5which is why you cant

email from lirary computers without an

account6



46/66

Choosing an email provider

*ost common are #otmail 5*icrosoft6, Gmail

5Google6, 0ahoo *ail 50ahoo16

https://us.ard.yahoo.com/SIG=15qlnmuid/M=650008.13636315.13679591.11473400/D=regst/S=150001465:HEAD/Y=YAHOO/EXP=1273001580/L=D_fHzEKjqboP_KecS.BIKwFyQda7skvgWksADz0g/B=9sgDJWKJiTI-/J=1272994380016866/K=XKbeFh4hcWWbGFZhK.tKoA/A=5826911/R=0/SIG=1107gluf6/*http:/mail.yahoo.com?.intl=us


47/66

!etting up your email account

(arts of an email address: dwal$ersurfcity3h"org

user name : dwal$er 5you create your own6 5each is

uni7ue6

symol : uni7ue to email addresses 5!hift $ey B


48/66

(assword

!omething easy to rememer, ut difficult toguess

Do -T use sensitive information, such as !!,

an$ (I, etc"

Usually a comination of letters and numers is

est

)erification 7uestions in case you forget your

password



49/66

The parts of an email To :enter the e+act email address of your recipient

5rememer: nameprovider"domain6

&or multiple recipients, separate each address with a

comma

CC : caron copy

%CC :%/ID caron copy is anonymous

!u=ect :the topic of your email very important

%ody :the message of your email Attachments :the paperclip symol 3 files or photos

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


50/66

E-mail Protocols

(-( Client (ost -ffice (rotocol

/ets you wor$ without eing connected to mail server

Upload to send mail 3 Download to read mail

Allows almost any e3mail program to access e3mail from

server

I*A( Internet *essage Access (rotocol

(ermits a client email program to access remote

message stores as if they were local Enales user to access messages from more than one

computer



51/66

A!CII

American Standard Code for

Information Exchange, code

that represents English

characters as numbers, usedto represent text and

transfer information between

computers.



52/66

4andwidth

The $ount 2, #ata That !an BeTransitted In $ *iven $ount 2,

Tie" Typically .pressed $s Bits Per

Second (Bps)3



53/66

cookie Electronic #ile Transmitted

#rom ) Ser!er To ) *eBrowser )nd Sent Back To

The Ser!er *hen ) New #ile

Is +e,uested" Cookies )reStored n The Browser"



54/66

Domain ame

Names %sed In %rl.s )nd

Corresponding To ne r (ore IP)ddresses" /omain Names )lwaysCarry ) Su01$ The Top-le!el /omainName Such )s Com r Edu" /omain

Names In ) %+2 )re Case Sensiti!e"



55/66

.omain 6ame Ser#ice +.6S,

Internet ser!ice that translates

domain names into their numericIP numers



56/66

#irewall

Pro'rain' #esi'ned To Prevent

Internet 4sers Fro $ccessin' Parts 2,$n Internet Server3


>ile Transfer -rotocol (>T-)


57/66

>ile Transfer -rotocol (>T-)

a common protocol that

facilitates transferring any typeof electronic 3les o!er the *e!

01/20/16 *Information and CommunicationTechnology

H T f P l


58/66

Hyperte1t Transfer Protocol4HTTP5

the protocol coputers use totransit 5eb docuents bet%eencoputers" identied by the pre.

6http1776 o, the 4803


Hyperte1t (arkup 2anguage


59/66

Hyperte1t (arkup 2anguage4HT(25

Programming 2anguage %sed To

Create /ocuments /isplayed By *eBrowsers$ ) 2ogical 2anguage To#ormat /ocuments That Can Be

%ni!ersally %nderstood n /i6erentComputer Platforms )nd By /i6erent

*e Browsers"


S i id 4 S 5


60/66

Internet Ser!ice Pro!ider 4ISP5

companies that sell access to the

Internet to other users"



61/66

IP address

the numerical identi3er for a computer

connected to a TCP7IP network$ such asthe Internet" IP addresses consist of aset of four numers from 8 - 9:: andseparated y periods" #or e1ample

;


62/66

Transmission ControlProtocol7Internet Protocol 4TCP7IP5

the standard suite of protocolsused to connect computers on

the Internet and onintranets"

01/20/16 62Information and Communication

Technology


63/66

%niform +esource 2ocator 4%+25

the address of a *e page"

01/20/16 63Information and Communication

Technology


64/66

Information and CommunicationTechnology 6

Identify the parts of a %+2

01/20/16


65/66

7A> 8B7;1! 7457 Teach Jourself pgrading and >i


66/66

information and computer communication technology

Documents