information age c 2 concepts
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Information Age C 2 Concepts. David S. Alberts Director, Research and Strategic Planning, OASD(C3I). Agenda. Why Revisit C 2 Origin and Evolution of C n The Essence of C 2 Enduring C 2 Principles Spectrum of C 2 Approaches Industrial Age C 2 Characteristics of the Information Age - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Information Age C2 Concepts
David S. AlbertsDirector, Research and Strategic Planning,
OASD(C3I)
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Agenda
• Why Revisit C2
• Origin and Evolution of Cn
• The Essence of C2
• Enduring C2 Principles• Spectrum of C2 Approaches• Industrial Age C2
• Characteristics of the Information Age • Information Age DoD• Focus on Agility• Information Age Force Management Concepts
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Why Revisit C2?
• Nature of DoD Transformation
• Co-Evolution of MCPs
• Industrial Age Constraints
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Why Revisit C2?
• Nature of DoD Transformation
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Why Revisit C2?
• Co-Evolution of MCP
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Why Revisit C2?
• Industrial Age C2 constrains potential effectiveness
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Why Revisit C2?
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Why Revisit C2?
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Origin of Cn & its Usage Over Time
“The first qualification in a general is a cool head - that is, a head which receives accurate impressions, and estimates things and objects at their real value.”
Started with Command
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Origin of Cn & its Usage Over Time
CommandControl
CommunicationsIntelligence
SurveillanceReconnaissance
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Origin of Cn & its Usage Over Time
CommandControl
Communications
IntelligenceSurveillance
Reconnaissance
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Origin of Cn & its Usage Over Time
CommandControl
Communications
IntelligenceSurveillance
Reconnaissance
Computers
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Essence of C2
• Role of command
• Relationships among force participants
• Philosophy of control.
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Awareness
Operating Environment
Understanding Command Intent
Battlespace
Cognitive Domain
Physical Domain
Information Domain
BattlespaceMonitoring
Management
Synchronization
Information Systems
Enduring Principles
Sensemaking
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Spectrum of C2 Approaches
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Industrial Age C2
• Specialized bureaucracies
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Industrial Age C2
• HierarchiesNCA
SupportingCINC
SupportingCINC
CJTF
JFLCC JFMCC JFSOCC
Air Force Army Navy MarineCorps
Operational Command, including Unit Assignment
Coordination & Planning
Logistics Support Replacement of Major Equipment
Parts, Personnel, Non-Commodity Supply Support
Commodity (Fuel, Food, Ammo, etc.) Supply Support
Intelligence Requests & Asset Tasking
Intelligence Reports Fusion Function
Intelligence Dissemination Exploitation Function Units:
Parent
Parent
Svc Org
DFSA
DLAIntel
SupportedCINC
Parent
Parent
Parent
JFACC
Logistics Intelligence Combat Parent
AirUnits
GroundUnits
MaritimeUnits
SOFUnits
ServiceParent
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Industrial Age C2
• Functional differentiation
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Industrial Age C2: Stovepipes
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Industrial Age C2
• Interchangeable parts
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Industrial Age C2
• Control by plan
InformationDomain
CognitiveDomain
Physical Domain
Orient Decide
Observe Act
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Implications of Industrial Age C2
CollaborationInformation
Sharing
SocialNetworking
&
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Industrial Age C2 Characteristics
• Synchronous /sequential /cyclical
• Inflexible
• Fragile
• Simple control [plan minus fog/friction]
• Deconfliction as a goal
• Optimization
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Attributes of Information Age
• Security Environment
• Information Age Organization
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Attributes of Information Age
• Security Environment
– Full mission spectrum [beyond combat to full mission spectrum]
– Complex missions [military part of a larger team EBO v. attrition]
– Dynamic situations [ROE changes, strategic corporal]
– Requires agility
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Attributes of Information Age
• Information Age Organization
– Information available from everywhere [post v. pull]
– Asynchronous in time/space
– Dynamic virtual task organizations
– Collaborative interactions among participants
– Widespread information sharing within/without
– Role management• Creates/modifies conditions of ROE• Communicates intent• Supports edge• Provide requisite agility
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Information Age C2: Tenets of NCW
• A robustly networked force improves information sharing
• Information sharing and collaboration enhance:the quality of information and shared situational awareness
• Shared situational awareness enables self-synchronization
• These, in turn, dramatically increase mission effectiveness
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X
X
X
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Information Age C2
• Control as an emergent property
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BattlespaceAwareness
Decisionmaking
BattleManagement
Enduring Principles
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Enduring Principles
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Information Age C2
• Power at the Center
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Information Age C2
• Power to the Edge
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Conclusions
• Information Age C2 concepts needed to satisfy demands of Information Age security challenges
• Networked relationships– Bring all information to bear– Bring all assets to bear– Ability to be agile– Ability to be proactive