Industrial Revolution: Choices and Consequences

http://tinyurl.com/stavrosmadeintheusa Deborah Kozdras dkozdras@usf.edu

Standards• SS.8.A.4.7: Explain the causes, course, and consequences of New

England’s textile Industry. • SS.8.E.1.1: Examine motivating economic factors . . .scarcity,

supply/demand, opportunity costs (decision-making), incentives, profits, entrepreneurial aspects.

• SS.8.E.2.1 (also 5th grade) Analyze contributions of entrepreneurs, inventors, and other key individuals from various gender, social, ethnic . . .

• SS.8.A.4.5: Explain causes, course, and consequences of 19th century transportation on economy.

• SS.8.E.2.2: Assess role of Africans and other minority groups on economic development of the United States . . .

http://tinyurl.com/historymystery4 Deborah Kozdras dkozdras@usf.edu

Economic Questions: EQ’s• Scarcity: What was the scarcity problem?• Supply and demand: How did supply and/or demand affect

choices? • Opportunity costs: Next best choice you give up. What was the

opportunity cost of the decision? • Incentives: What were the incentives?• Profits: What was the profit? Who made the profit? How did profit

motivate choice?• Entrepreneurs and Inventors: Who sold things? Who invented

things? • Decision-making: What was the problem/decision? Were there

other choices? What were the consequences of the decision? What do you think they should have done, based on evidence?

Early Landmark Moment: Slater Mill

http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/ri0102/

http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/mills.html https://www.uml.edu/tsongas/bringing-history-home/timeline/ http://vermonthistory.org/educate/online-resources/an-era-of-great-change/religion-reform/new-england-mill-workers

Cotton Gin: Choices and Consequences

Problem: Eli Whitney learned that Southern planters were in desperate need of a way to make the growing of cotton profitable. Sticky green seeds were hard to pick out of cotton.Solution: Invent Cotton Gin.Patent: Article 1, Section 8, Clause 8 “promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries.”Problem: Whitney installs cotton gins on properties and charges farmers a fee. Farmers resented his gins and paying a large “tax” (2/5 of profit). So they made “new” inventions.Good and Bad consequences: Good- reduced hard labor of removing seeds, yield of raw cotton doubled. Demand fueled by other inventions (machines to weave, steamships to transport). Bad- Growth of slavery because it became profitable and increased planters’ demand for land and slave labor.

http://etc.usf.edu/maps/pages/000/12/12.htm

First telegraphic message: 24, May, 1844

Occupational Portrait of a Woman Working at a Sewing Machine. Circa 1853. Daguerreotypes

14 million immigrants

John D. Rockefeller: Standard Oil Trust

https://www.loc.gov/item/amss.as112730

Alexander Graham BellMarch 10, 1876 the birth of the telephone and the death of the multiple telegraph. From dots and dashes to talking with electricity.

Thomas Alva Edison

https://www.loc.gov/item/00694187/ https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/industrial-us.html

Factory Jobs

Breaker Boys: Coal Mines

https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbpe.01805500/?sp=2