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Industrial Human Resource of
Nepal
A Case Study of Manufacturing Sector
Researcher: Dr Keshav Bashyal, Ph D
Contact: 9851218120
Background
Federation of Nepalese Chambers of
Commerce and Industry (FNCCI) and
International Labour Organization (ILO) have
signed agreement to conduct industrial human
resources need assessment and organizing skills
and employment/job fair on August 2016 to
facilitate effective implementation of Labour
Market Information for Employment Services
(LifE) project.
Objectives
The overall objective of the assignment
was to conduct a human resource need
assessment survey to collect information
from five industrial corridors namely
Biratnagar (Morang and
Sunsari), Kathmandu (Kathmandu, Lalitpur
and Bhaktapur), Butwal
(Rupandehi), Nepalgunj (Banke) and
Dhangadhi (Kailali).
Likewise, the assessment seeks to provide
current and accurate information about
industrial human resource needs with
analytical information that will support for
better match of demand and supply of
HR.
Specific objectives:
Find out the quantitative and qualitative
aspects of human resource and skill gap in
the industries; and
Find out occupations that will fulfill need
of industries and types of training
required for it.
Surveyed in five industrial corridors
Activities under this assignment are carried out in
Biratnagar, Kathmandu, Butwal, Nepalgunj and
Dhangadhi and their respective industrial corridors in
collaboration with District Chamber of Commerce and
Industry (DCCIs) and Employment Service Centers
(ESCs) in respective locations and concerned districts.
The survey conducted in close
coordination and consultation with
district level industry or chambers
committee in respective industrial
corridors and also with ESC.
And workshops were also held in all
respective corridors.
Study tool and technique
A questionnaire has been developed to
inquire the labour situation of industries.
The skill and occupation categorization in
this report was made on the basis of the
definition provided by the employer of
industries.
Findings of the Study
Existing information
Detailed information about technical
occupations in industry.
Further need of technical or skilled
workforce in manufacturing industries
Employment Scenario in Industries in
Nepal
Biratnagar
(120)
Butwal
(100)
Dhangadhi
(110)
Kathmandu
(149)
Nepalgunj
(83)
Number of industries selected (562)
Legal status of surveyed industries
46.26
11.92
40.57
1.25
Authencity of industries
Personal
In Partnership
Private limited
Public limited
Corridor wise segregation of legal
status of industries
15
41
86
7246
17
12
13
14
1183
47
11
61
26
5 2
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Public limited
Private limited
In Partnership
Personnal
Authenticity
Ratio of workforce in industries
9%
30%61%
Administration
Technical
Others
Sex ratio of current workers in
different corridors
75%
89%
77%
71%
92%
25%
11%
23%29%
8%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Male
Female
Gender ratio of workers in major five
types of industries
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Textiles
Rubber and plastic products
Food
Non metalic mineral products
Fabricated metal products, except
machinary and equipment
Gender ratio in major five sector
Male
Female
Skilled workers in industries
33%
67%
Percentage of Skilled workers
Skilled Unskilled
Corridor wise ratio of workers based on sex
77%
97%
85%
72%
97%
23%
3%
15%
28%
3%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Male
Female
Non Nepalese workers in manufacturing sector
industries
90%
10%
Non Nepalese workers
Nepalese Non Nepalese
Non Nepalese workers in corridor
wise
21%
36%
12%11%
20%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Non Nep Workers
Non Nep
Workers
Non-Nepalese workforce in
corridor wise sex ratio
99.50% 98.50%
79%
99% 99.80%
0.50% 1.50%
21%
1% 0.20%0.00%
20.00%
40.00%
60.00%
80.00%
100.00%
120.00%
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
NNP_M
NNP_F
Recruitment practices of industries
Recruitment practices of industries
86%
14%
Recruitment Practices by Industries
Company itself By suppliers
Methods of recruitment in manufacturing sector
industries
7%
9%
57%
27%
Recruitment Methods
Adv. on paper/FM
Notice on notice
board
come themselves
Others
Mode of recruitment in
different corridor
8986
8285 87
1114
1815 13
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Company itself
By Suppliers
Recruitment methods in
Different Corridors
8%
17%
3%
6%
2%
13%
13% 4.00%9%
3%
55%
49%
60%
56%
69%
24%
21%
33%
29% 26%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Adv. on
paper/FMNotice on
notice boardCome
themselvesOthers
Human resource, education
and training of skilled workers
in industries
Level of education among skilled workers in
manufacturing sector industries
No
education
14%
Basic level
43%
Secondary
21%
Higher Secondary
12%
Bachelor
10%
Education level of skilled workers
Place where skilled workers learn their skills
56.51
9.25
11.32
21.6
0.57 0.75
Place for training
Working Establishments CTEVT Training Centers Others No Need No response
Scarcity of workers in industries
Working
78%
More
required
22%
Workers Demand
Scarcity of workers in major
occupations
26%
78% 78%
87% 87% 87%
77%74%
22% 22%
13% 13% 13%
23%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Sewing MasterMachine OperatorLoom OperatorOperator Mistri WeaverSpinning Operator
Fulfilled
More
required
Scarcity of Skilled workers in
Kathmandu corridor (in numbers)
15 1518
32
91
9
90
5 6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Carving Crafter Designer Mistri Operator Technician Weaver Painter Lab Technician
Kathmandu
Skill sufficiency of workers
43%
57%
Sufficiency of skilled worker by occupation
yes No
Capacity development training
by employers
Yes
31%
No
69%
Training by employer
Requirement of additional
training to current workers
Yes
49%No
51%
Need for additional training
Corridor wise scarcity of workers
Biratnagar
76%
Butwal
5%
Dhangadhi
6%
Kathmandu
7%
Nepalgunj
6%
Demand of workers in total
Skill sufficiency of workers in
each industrial corridor
60%
34%
26%
46%
26%
40%
66%
74%
54%
74%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Sufficiency of Skilled Worker
Yes
No
Corridor wise segregation of employers
providing training to their workers
37%
50%
9%
26%
18%
63%
50%
91%
74%
82%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Training Providing by Employer
Yes
No
Corridor wise segregation of training
received by skilled workers in past
46.4843.92
67.19
61.30
70.45
13.7615.54
3.656.51
4.55
10.406.76
10.94
15.71
10.61
27.83
33.78
17.71
16.09
9.09
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Training Place
Working
Establishmen
tCTEVT
Training
centers
Others
Corridor wise segregation of
additional training requirement
47%51%
65%
43% 42%
53%
49%
35%
57% 58%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Biratnagar Butwal Dhangadhi Kathmandu Nepalgunj
Required Additional Training
Yes
No
Corridor wise segregation of required
duration of training
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
Up to 15 days Up to 1 month 1 to 3 Month More than 3 month
10.40 7.03 7.036.12
12.16
10.14
8.78
7.43
23.44
27.60
10.42
6.77
13.79 13.79
8.43
13.79
25.00
13.64
2.27 1.52
Duration for training required
Biratnagar
Butwal
Dhangadhi
Kathmandu
Nepalgunj
Kathmandu Corridor (education
level of skilled workers)
22%
13%
25%
50%
31%
67%
57%
50%
15%
50%
31%
9% 8%
25%
13%
23%
32%
73%
3%5%
12%
54%
6%
18%
8%
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Designer Lab Technician Mistri Operator Painter Technician Weaver
No
required
Basic
Level
Secondar
y
Plus two
Bachelor
Need of additional training
(Kathmandu Corridor)
22%
13%
25%
50%
31%
67%
57%
50%
15%
50%
31%
9% 8%
25%
13%
23%
32%
73%
3%5%
12%
54%
6%
18%
8%
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Designer Lab Technician Mistri Operator Painter Technician Weaver
No
required
Basic
Level
Secondar
y
Plus two
Bachelor
Requirement of more training
(Kathmandu corridor)
25%27%
50%
66%
62%
31%
5%
9%
14%12%
13%15%
25%
6%
27%
14%
10%
25%
15%
25%25%
9%8%
3%
15%
20%
44%
28%
14%
9%
24%25%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Designer Lab Technician Mistri Operator Painter Technician Weaver
No need
Up to 15
days
Up to 1
month
1 to3
month
More than
3 month
Challenges of industries related to
employment Acute shortage of Skilled labour
Migration
Lack of training
Do not matching training require for industries
Lack of coordination with training centres
Unionism
No information about skilled workers
Mismatch of supply and demand of skilled labour
No specialized education
Apprenticeship
Do not stay for long time employment after getting training
Problems of labour Act
Not coordination among govt, industries and training institutes
No database of need of skilled workers in industries
No data base of occupations of industries
Mismatch of occupation
No standard definition of occupations in industries
What Can be done to tackle the
above challenges?
Need suggestions to make more
effectiveness of ESC
Thank you very much for your attention
and cooperation !!!