Industrial CCS

Demonstrated at TCM

Michael Koch

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 2

Agenda

CCS solutions within Alstom

Why industrial CCS?

Norcem – CCS from cement production

Chilled Ammonia at the Mongstad refinery

Conclusion

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 3

Equipment & services for power generation

Alstom Thermal Power

Equipment & services for rail transport

Alstom Transport

3 main activities in 4 sectors*

Equipment & services for power transmission

Alstom Grid Alstom Renewable Power

* Organisation as of 4 July 2011

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 4

Alstom’s 3 Pillar Strategy to stabilise CO2emissions

Stabilising Power Emissions is possible ……

With solutions that are available today

1. Technology Mix

• Balancing the generation portfolio by significantly increasing the

share of Renewables and CO2 free technology

2. Production Efficiency and Energy Management (Smart Power)

• Efficiency is a key to emissions reduction

3. Carbon Capture and Storage

• With 60% of the installed base in 2030 being fossil fuels, CCS is a

must.

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 5

Efficiency: Plant

optimisation &

retrofit

CCS as part of Alstom Clean Power strategy

Wind, solar

geothermal

Nuclear*

& biomass

Power

CO2 Emissions

* Conventional islands

Hydro

First CO2 capture

demo plant in the

world

2005 BAU 2030

900 ppm

+5oC

Stabilize

emissions

550 ppm

+30C

Needed

path

450ppm

+20C max

Technology Mix

Efficiency

CCS

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 6

Technologies developed by Alstom

CO2 capture technologies pursued by Alstom

Post-combustion Oxy-combustion (New + retrofit) (New + retrofit)

• Advanced Amines

• Chilled Ammonia

• Carbonate Looping

• Oxy combustion with Air Separation Unit

• Chemical Looping Combustion

1st generation

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 7

Agenda

CCS solutions within Alstom

Why industrial CCS?

Norcem – CCS from cement production

Chilled Ammonia at the Mongstad refinery

Conclusion

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 8

World CO2 emissions by industry (2008)

Power Generation

Iron & Steel

Cement

Refineries

Petrochemicals and Fertilizer.

Other non ferrous metals (incl. Alum.)

Food & Tobacco

Pulp & Paper

0 1 2 11 12

GtCO2 / yr

Estimated emissions BAU in 2030 (GtCO2/yr)

17.4

3.0

2.6

0.9

0.75

Largest emitting sectors

Next largest sources (smaller, more fragmented)

Petrochemicals Fertilizer

CO2 emissions, Power and Industry

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 9

Direct industrial CO2 emission projections in the ETP Baseline Scenario

Source: IEA-Unido report – Sept 11 – IEA analysis

Other

industries

25%

Cement

27%

Iron and

steel 31%

Refineries

10%

High-purity

sources 7%

2008 : 7,4 GtCO2

Other industries

37%

Cement 15%

Iron and steel 19%

Refineries 6% High-purity

sources 23%

2050 : 16,4 GtCO 2

Sources of CO2 Emissions by industrial sector

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 10

Sources of CO2 Emissions Industrial CO2 Sources and Recovery Technologies Conventional CO2 Recovery

Industrial Sector I Processes CO2 Recovery Technologies

Conventional,

e.g.

- Physical Sorbents

- Pressure Swing

Absorption (PSA)

- Membrane

Separation and

- Cryogenic

Separation

High-purity CO2 Sources

H2/Syngas Production

Gasification Coal/Biomass

Partial Oxidation Natural Gas/Heavy Residue

Reforming Natural Gas / Naphtha

Natural Gas Processing

Established Technologies for Process Gases

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 11

Sources of CO2 Emissions Industrial CO2 Sources and Recovery Technologies New CO2 Recovery Technologies Industrial Sector II Processes CO2 Recovery Technologies

New CO2

Recovery

Technologies

CC from flue

gas

Low-purity CO2 Sources

Cement

Iron & Steel

Pulp & Paper

Petroleum Refining & Petrochemicals

Fluidized Catalytic Cracking (FCC)

Process Heaters & Utilities

Industrial Application of CCS for Flue Gas

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 12

Agenda

CCS solutions within Alstom

Why industrial CCS?

Norcem – CCS from cement production

Chilled Ammonia at the Mongstad refinery

Conclusion

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 13

Chilled Ammonia - TCM Validation Pilot

• Technology Centre Mongstad (TCM) for flue

gases from a catalytic cracker (refinery) and

natural gas CHP plant

• Designed to capture 80000 tons CO2/year

• Status: installation >95% complete

Cold commissioning on-going

Start-up with solution strength build up Q2-2012

Tuning summer 2012

• First Chilled Ammonia pilot on industrial

source

• “Real” industrial flue gas:

• Dedicated sulphur injection

• Dust

• Nitrous oxides

Validating the industrial application of CCS

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 14

Principle

• Ammonium carbonate solution reacts with CO2 of

cooled flue gas to form ammonium bicarbonate

• Raising the temperature reverses this reaction,

pressurized CO2 is released, the solution is recycled

Chilled Ammonia Process Technology Overview

Advantages

• High CO2 purity: potential utilization

• Tolerant to oxygen and flue gas impurities

• Stable reagent, no degradation nor emission

of trace contaminants

• Low-cost, globally available reagent

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Roadmap to Commercialization

Chilled Ammonia Development Road Map

Test Rigs Validation

Pilots

Commercial

by 2016 Industrial

Pilots

Large-scale

demonstration

Alstom Vaxjö

Sweden

0.25 MWth

We Energies Pleasant

Prairie

USA - 5 MWth, Coal

EoN Karlshamn

Sweden - 5 MWth, Oil

AEP Mountaineer

Product Validation Facility

USA - 58 MWth, Coal

TCM Mongstad

Norway - 40 MWth, Cracker &

Gas (RCC & CHP)

AEP Mountaineer

Commercial Scale Project

US - >200 MWe, Coal

Turceni Feasibility

Romania - >200 MWe, Lignite

2016 2006 2008 2009

Selected by US DOE to receive CCPI Round 3 funding Tests completed

Targeted In operation

Under construction

Selected for Norwegian State funding

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 16

Agenda

CCS solutions within Alstom

Why industrial CCS?

Norcem – CCS from cement production

Chilled Ammonia at the Mongstad refinery

Conclusion

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Norcem study: CCS from cement production

• Alstom and Norcem/Heidelberg Cement cooperation to

study CCS from cement

• 2 technologies evaluated:

− Chilled Ammonia Process, 1st generation

− Regenerative Calcium Cycle (RCC), i.e., carbonate looping;

2nd generation

• Both highly suitable for integration with cement plant:

waste heat usage possible

• Both technologies suitable for

application in cement off-gas:

− Resistant to contaminants

− Efficient at high CO2 concentrations

(>20 vol %)

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 17

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Principle – integration with cement production

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 18

(quicklime)

Consumed limestone is used as quicklime in the cement process

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 19

Key features of RCC

• Competitive and sound post combustion capture

technology

• Heat input directly to RCC calciner: No additional

process steam consumer

• CO2 capture rate of > 80 to 90% achievable

• Consumed limestone is re-used (cement process)

• Optimization potential through integration

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 20

Agenda

CCS solutions within Alstom

Why industrial CCS?

Norcem – CCS from cement production

Chilled Ammonia at the Mongstad refinery

Conclusion

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 21

Conclusions

Alstom: a key partner in CCS!

• CO2 emissions from the industrial sector are significant and cannot be 100% substituted by renewables/nuclear

• Capturing CO2 emissions from the industrial sector is leading towards CO2 free industry

• Alstom is today developing and demonstrating CCS solutions highly suitable for industrial applications

• Alstom will demonstrate successful CO2 capture from a refinery in Norway in 2012 using CAP.

• Alstom is currently developing CO2 capture technologies and is on the good path to commercialise the technology by 2016

www.power.alstom.com

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

Carbon Capture – A Future Change or …, Messer Event - 21 Oct 2011 - P 23

Example from History Wet FGD Gypsum replaced natural Product

Will what happen on Gypsum hppen to CO2 as well?

Of the 60 million tons of gypsum produced worldwide, nearly half is made from synthetic gypsum

Natural gypsum resources are limited. Synthetic/chemical gypsum is alternative to non-renewable natural resource. Main sources: Desulfuration of flue gases, Phosphoric acid, other mineral acids (citric acid, etc.), the neutralization of acidic water (sulfuric acid) from the titanium dioxide industry.

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 24

Technology Demonstration Program

• Host facility same as Product Validation

Facility currently operating

• Larger CCS facility ~235 MW for 1.5 MtCO2 / yr

• FEED on going, scheduled mid/end 2011

• Project target: start operation in 2015

• Project selected by US DOE to receive CCPI

Round 3 funding under the American Recovery

and Reinvestment Act

– Total funding of $334

Chilled Ammonia Process Demonstration Facility at AEP Mountaineer

Selected by US DOE to receive CCPI Round 3 funding

Mountaineer Power Plant existing facility

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 25

Post-technology Large scale Facility at Keephills 3 - Canada

Project selected to receive Government fundings

Construction of Keephills 3 new coal-fired generating station

(host site)

Project Pioneer - Transalta - Alberta

• Keephills 3, new PC coal PP Edmonton - Alberta (on line in 2011)

• Phase 1: FEED 2008 –> 2011

• Targeted commissioning: 2015

• 1 Mt CO2/yr capture (>200 MWe eq). EOR storage targeted

• CAD778 million awarded in federal and provincial funding

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 26

Source: Vattenfall

Main features

• Existing plant, oxy on 250 MWe eq.

Gross per unit

• Location: 100 km SE of Berlin

• Lignite fuel

• Selected under EEPR programme

• Feasibility study completed by Alstom

on April 2009 for oxy-boiler and

subsequent FG cleaning.

Oxy-Combustion Process Potential for large demo Vattenfall - Jaenschwalde

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 27

CO2 transport and storage Storage basins

Storage prospectivity

Highly prospective

Prospective

Non-prospective

Onshore storage: Weyburn, Canada (2 Mt/y since

2000)

Transport:>5000km of CO2 pipelines (mainly US)

Offshore storage:Sleipner, Norway (1Mt/y

since 1996)

Snovit, Norway (0.7 Mt/y since 2007)

Onshore storage: In Salah, Algeria

(1.1Mt/y since 2004)

Storage potential shows good promises

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 28

Emissions CO2

(Gt/y)

2005 Ref 2030

1000 ppm

+6oC

Stabilize

emissions

550 ppm

+30C

Needed

path

450ppm

+20C max

Technology Mix

Efficiency

CCS

Efficiency: Plant

optimisation & retrofit

Wind and geothermal

N° 1 nuclear

(conventional islands)

& biomass

N° 1 hydro

Tidal

First CO2 capture demo

plant in the world

Alstom offers a portfolio of clean integrated solutions

Power sector-related CO2 emissions

Alstom’s answer to CO2 challenges

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 29

Coal, Gas, Hydro, Nuclear, Wind = Full

Power Systems Portfolio

TOTAL ORDER 2008/09

24.6 €bn

Power 16.5 €bn

67,1%

Transport 8.1 €bn

48,4%

Systems 11.9 €bn

48,4%

Service 4.6 €bn 18,7%

The Alstom Group: Power sector: a worldwide leader in its activities

N°1 in air quality

control systems

N°1 in services for electric utilities

N°1 in integrated

power plants

N°1 in hydro

power

N°1 in conventional

nuclear power island

Recent acquisition

of wind power

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 30

0

5

10

15

20

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Overview of CCS market potential Power CO2 reduction options

Depending scenarios, 0,5 to 2 GtCO2 avoided is needed

through CCS to reduce substantially emissions by 2030

Source: Alstom, adapted from IEA WEO 2009 scenario

Power generation CO2 emissions

GT CO2

Reduced demand

Nuclear, renewable

Needed

path:Scientific

community target

450 ppm / +2°C

max

Reference scenario

CCS (Retrofit and New) More efficient fossil plants

© ALSTOM 2012. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties, without express written authority, is strictly prohibited.

- Friday, 18 May 2012 - P 31

Capture

Transport

Storage

Several projects are

operational (e.g.,

Weyburn (Canada)).

EU has limited EOR

potential

US has existing

CO2 pipeline

network of more

than 5000

kilometers

Potential future

breakthrough

technologies

Component

technologies are

mature; integrated

platform to be

proven

Sleipner (Norway)

field has been

operational for

around 10 years

Have been used

for seasonal gas

storage for

decades

First projects

are coming

online now

Chemical looping Chilled Ammonia

Saline

aquifers

CO2-

EOR

Transport

Off-shore

Transport

On-shore

Membranes Advanced Amine

CO2- EGR Depleted oil

and gas fields

Concept Lab testing Demonstration Commercial

refinements needed

Commercial

Antisublimation Oxy

High surface solids,

enzyme,algae, solid absorbent

Status of CCS development

Ca

ptu

re

Tra

ns

po

rt &

Sto

rag

e

Source: Adapted from McKinsey