Individual + Team Activities

An individual activity is performed by one person, e.g.

In your jotter list 4 more individual activities

A team activity involves you working with other people, e.g.

In your jotter list 4 more team activities

Competitive and Non ActivitiesCompetitive and Non ActivitiesA competitive activity is a contest involving 2 or more rivals, each rival tries to win. E.g.

In your jotter list 4 more competitive activities

A non-competitive activity involves performers who take part for selfsatisfaction, e.g. fitness, enjoyment, health. E.g.

In your jotter list 4 more non-competitive activities

Direct and Indirect ActivitiesContests are either directly competitive or indirectly competitiveDirectly competitive means that you have a direct influence or bearing on what your opponent does and vice versa e.g.

In your jotter list 4 more directly competitive activities

Indirectly competitive means that your performance does not affect the performance of your opponent and vice versa e.g.

In your jotter list 4 more indirectly competitive activities

Participation in SportParticipation in sporting activities can be influenced by many different factors.

Factors such as age, money, weather, facilities and disability can affectparticipation levels in certain sporting activities.

In your jotter explain how money can help or reduce participation in golf

In your jotter explain how weather can affect participation in skiingIn your jotter explain how facilities can affect participation in tennis

In your jotter explain how disability can affect participation in basketball

In your jotter explain how age may affect participation in gymnastics

Participation in SportThere are many reasons why people participate in sporting activities.They can be Physical, Health, Personal or Social

Write these reasons in your jotter, leaving a space beside each one

“I enjoy getting our and meeting new people”

“I like the thrill of competing against myself”

“Regular exercise is good for me”

“Jogging improves my endurance”

Social

Personal

Health

Physical

Write down which category the above reasons fall into.

Different RolesThere are many different roles as well as “performer”. These include

Referee Umpire Linesperson Supporters Starter

Team mate Physiotherapist Timekeeper

For each role pictured choose an activity and describe what that role involves.

Attacker Defender

Personal and Physical QualitiesBoth playing and non playing roles require different qualities

Activity – Rugby Role - PlayerPersonal Quality – Aggressive. Rugby players must be able to take charge and force results.

Physical Quality – Strong. Rugby players must be able to push opponents off the ball and shrug off tackles.

Activity – Football Role - RefereePersonal Quality – Fair. Referee’s must be able to makedecisions which are not bias towards one team or player.

Physical Quality – Fit. Referees must be able to run around for 90 minutes to keep up with play.

In your jotter write 2 more examples for playing roles

In your jotter write 2 more examples for non-playing roles

Safety in ActivitiesBeing safe in an activity is important. Some sports equipment isdesigned to keep people safe.

In some activities you must wear certain items for safety, e.g.

In your jotter select 1 more activity which you must wearprotective clothing and a reason for each.

In some activities safety equipment is only recommended, e.g.

In your jotter select 1 more activity which safety equipment isonly recommended.

Many rules have been incorporated into activities to keep players safe.

In your jotter select 3 different activities and a rule in each which helps to keepeveryone safe.

Equipment for ActivitiesMany athletes and players use footwear or equipment which helps their performance.Performance can be improved in many ways.

Reducing equipment/kit weight, butmaintaining its power. E.g.

In your jotter write down another example

Improving grip or friction to improve a skill or speed. E.g.

In your jotter write down another example

Reducing friction therefore improving slide or glide. E.g.

In your jotter write down another example

Rules - WrittenRules are made to ensure that everyone has an equal chance of winning.

In a long jump competition the jumper must take off beforethe board and land in the sand. If not then they aredisqualified.

In your jotter write down another example from a differentactivity where rules ensure everyone has an equal chance.

In Netball the GA and GS are the only 2 attacking playersallowed within the semi circle. This means that other playersmust get the ball to them to score. It also prevents the semicircle from being crowded.

Rules can also restrict movement within activities, and shape them.

In your jotter give another example of a shaping/restrictiverule.

Rules - UnwrittenUnwritten rules (etiquette, code of conduct) give details of how an individual orteam should behave. Performers who fail to follow the code are said to be unsporting.

One example of good etiquette is swapping shirts with oppositionPlayers after a game of football.

In your jotter select 2 different activities and write an example ofgood etiquette from each.

One example of bad etiquette is arguing with the referee/umpire.

In your jotter select 2 different activities and write an example ofan unwritten rule from each.

Objective scoring is based on facts. E.g. Goals scored, distance jumped, height jumped, time, points.

Subjective scoring is based on the opinion of someone.

In your jotter write down the following activities. Decide whether the scoringsystem is subjective or objective. Write down how each activity is won. An example has been given for you.

Objective Distance thrown

Objective Games/Sets

Subjective Panel of judges

Objective Time

SubjectivePanel of judges

ObjectivePoints

ObjectiveRuns

SubjectivePanel of judges

SubjectivePanel of judges

ObjectiveTime

Tactics and StrategiesIn all competitive activities, individual and team the aim is to win. Before the activitybegins, most competitors will have a “game plan” to win, during the activity your game plan can change. Tactics and strategies try to make the most of your strengths and take advantage of your opponents weaknesses.

In cycling the tactic being used by the second placed rider is called“slipstreaming.” They are intentionally staying behind the leaderusing them as a windbreak.

In your jotter write down another example of an activity which usesslipstreaming.

In your jotter write down a tactic used in all racket games.

In your jotter write down a tactic used in combat activities. E.g. Karate and Judo.

Tactics and StrategiesIn target activities like curling, players don’t always play to“hit the target.” A player can prevent an opponent from having a clear route by playing a short “blocker” onpurpose. A player may also try to deliver a stone simplyto knock the opponents away.

In your jotter write down another example of an activitywhich uses similar tactics.

In your jotter write down a tactic used in striking and fielding activities.

In the invasion games attack and defence tactics are important.

In your jotter describe what a man-to-man defence is, and give one reason why you may use it.

In your jotter describe what a zone defence is, and give one reason why you may useit.In an activity you may have to change your starting tactic. Give a reason why.

Width and Depth

A A

A A

Attacking with width spreads out the defence and more gaps are opened up in the defence. A defence which ismarking a wide attack is less compact and therefore weaker.

    AA A A A

Attacking with depth means that every player has manyoptions when passing, right, left, diagonal, give and go,backwards etc.

Being Creative in ActivitiesPerformers can be creative in activities with both subjective and objective scoringsystems.

Write down in your jotter an example from each activity below of how you or yourteam mates could be creative.

Size and ShapeDifferent body size and shape can occasionally help your performance.

Endomorph.Stocky body; large And round; short thick neck; short arms and legs; lots of body fat.

Mesomorph.Muscular body; strongly built;broad chest and shoulders;very muscular arms and legslittle body fat.

Ectomorph.Narrow body; wiry muscles; tall and thin;spindly legs and armslittle body fat.

In your jotter write down the following activities and the body shape which suits theActivity best. Give a reason for your answer. High Jumper Sprinter Sumo Wrestler

Adapting ActivitiesActivities can be adapted in many ways and for different reasons. E.g. Adult versionsof games can be changed to suit younger players making it easier for them to learn.

Look at the pictures below and explain how and why the activity could be changed to suit a younger player. The key area of change has been identified.

The playing area Net Height The rules Number of players

The scoring system Length of game Equipment Number of touches

Adapting ActivitiesGames can be played “small sided” instead of “full sided.” E.g. 5 a side football.

In your jotter write down 2 advantages of playing with smaller sides.

Numerical superiority means having more attackers than defenders or vice versa.

In your jotter write down 2 advantages of numerical superiority when practisingskills.