indian satellites for applications in agriculture dr jai singh parihar space applications centre...
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Indian Satellites for Applications in Agriculture
Dr Jai Singh PariharSpace Applications Centre
Indian Space Research OrganisationAhmedabad 380015, [email protected]
Workshop G 1.1: Food Security (GEOGLAM-Asia RiCE) and Crop Monitoring (APRSAF-SAFE)
in 34rd Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, Bali, Indonesia, October 19-24, 2013
India: Resources & ChallengesIndia: Resources & Challenges
Bhuvan, ISRO
3
Indian Agriculture: Monsoon, Irrigation and Physiography
< 250
251 - 500
501 - 750
751 - 1,000
> 1,001
Mean annual rainfall (cm)
Monsoon onset normal dates
Rainy days ( >= 2.5mm/day)
Physiography
Command Area
Monsoon withdrawal normal dates
Agriculture and Food Security
Planning
Agricultural Agricultural Land Land
MonitoringMonitoring
Agricultural Agricultural Drought Drought
Assessment & Assessment & MonitoringMonitoring
Horticultural Horticultural Crop Area Crop Area
Estimation & Estimation & MonitoringMonitoring
Cropping Cropping Systems Systems AnalysisAnalysis
Soil and Soil and Problem Soil Problem Soil Mapping & Mapping & MonitoringMonitoring
Pest/ Disease Pest/ Disease Detection / Detection / Incidence Incidence
ForecastingForecasting
Inland fishery Inland fishery DevelopmentDevelopment
Command Command Area/WaterArea/WaterResourcesResourcesMonitoringMonitoring
Looking Looking beyond Indiabeyond India
Crop Area Crop Area Estimation & Estimation & Production Production ForecastForecast
Journey So Far and Way Ahead in Geomatics Applications in Agriculture
Gullied1
12
2
3
3
3
1 Strongly Saline- sodic Soils 2 Moderately saline –sodic SoilsSlightly saline – sodic soils3
1975 1999
February 1986 February 2002
63. 85 MHa
55.26 MHa
Wastelands and Watershed Wastelands and Watershed DevelopmentDevelopment
• Increase area under agriculture• Identify culturable wastelands/
marginal lands• Monitoring wasteland
development
• Increase cropping intensity/ diversity
• Improvised cropping practices like cultivation in Kharif/post-Kharif fallows
• Alternate Cropping Pattern
• Increase productivity• Retention/improvement of soil
fertility • Precision Agriculture • Increase area under HYVs
• Create supportive infrastructure
• Watershed Development
Water & Land Resources Action Plan
Stakeholder’s Participation
Check-dam Construction
Watershed DevelopmentWatershed Development
Amangal MandalMahaboob Nagar Dist.Andhra Pradesh
Down Stream
16 Feb ‘00
13 Feb ‘03
16 Feb ‘00
13 Feb ‘03
Up Stream PRE
POST
Water harvestingImpact Assessment on crops
Watershed Development - Watershed Development - Monitoring
• Inventory of wetlands, Surface
water bodies
• Performance evaluation of
irrigation commands
• Ground water prospecting/
recharge structures
• Glacier inventory, retreat
• Snowmelt run-off, snow physics
Cascade of Tanks
Karnataka -Category NumberArea (ha)
Inland Wetlands - Natural 515 183465Inland Wetlands -Man-made 10509 437960Total - Inland 11024 621425Coastal Wetlands - Natural 313 4696Coastal Wetlands - Man-made
75 3591
Total - Coastal 388 8287Sub-Total 11412 629712Wetlands (<2.25 ha) 13864 13864Total 25276 643576
Indian Wetlands :Total – 15.9 Mha
Water ResourcesWater Resources
Land Observations
• Two panchromatic (0.50 - 0.85 mm) cameras
• Spatial resolution 2.5m and cover a swath 30 km
• Revisit : 5 days
• Along Track Stereo viewing (+26° / -5°)
CARTOSAT-1 Hyper Spectral Imaging (HySI)•64 bands; Res. 505 m; Swath 130 Km.•400-950 nm range
Multispectral Imaging (MX0)•4 bands (B, G, R, IR)•37 m resolution•151 km Swath
IMS-1
CARTOSAT - 2/ 2A/ 2B
• Panchromatic camera; Step & Stare imaging; steerable along & across
• Spatial resolution: 0.8 m• Swath of 9.6 km• Revisit : 4 days
Natural resources Mapping & Inventory
Large scale mapping, DEM
Cadastral Map; Urban/Rural Infrast.
Resource mapping; spectral characterisations
RESOURCESAT-2
• LISS 4 (5.8 m & 70 km swath)
• LISS 3 (23m & 141 km swath)
• AWiFS (56 m & 800 km swath)
Orbit : 800 km
Local time: 1030 hrs
o 8-band OCMo Ku-Band Pencil beam Scatterometer witho Radio Occultation Sounder for Atmospheric
studies (ROSA)
OCEANSAT-2
Ocean and Atmosphere Observation
CCD Camera Bands (µm)Visible : 0.62 – 0.68Near Infra Red : 0.77 – 0.86 Short Wave IR : 1.55 – 1.69Resolution : 1 km
VHRR Bands (µm)
Visible : 0.55 – 0.75
Water Vapour : 5.70 – 7.10
Thermal Infra Red : 10.5 – 12.5
Resolution : 2 km for Visible; 8 km for TIR
KALPANA INSAT-3A
MEGHA-TROPIQUESBetter understanding life cycles of tropical convective system
• Microwave Radiometer : MADRAS
• Earth Radiation Budget : SCARAB
• Humidity Profiler : SAPHIROrbit : 867 km with
inclination of 20 deg.
INSAT-3D
Improved understanding of weather systems
• 19 channel Sounder• 6 Channel Imager
(Visible, SWIR, MIR, WV and Two TIR channels)
RISAT-1
Orbit : 560 km in sun-synchronous
C band SAR 5.35 GHz frequency; 5 imaging modes
Applications in agriculture, soil moisture, flood & water spread etc.
New Missions
- Ka-band Altimeter (~35.5GHz)
- Dual frequency Radiometer (23.8/36.8 GHz)
Polar - sun-synchronous; Inclination of 98.38 Deg; Altitude ~800 km; Repeat cycle of 35 days
SARALSatellite with ARgos and Altika (ISRO-CNES Joint Mission
Geostationary platform
Diu
rnal
Lo
ng
ter
m
Temporal ObservationTemporal Observation5:30 8:30 11:30 16:00
Sea
son
al
1995 1996 1997 1998 19991995 1996 1997 1998 1999
An
nu
al
25 Jun 29 Sep 09 Oct 13 Oct 14 Nov 04 Dec
17 Jan 13 Feb 17 Mar 02 Apr 05 May 25 May
25 Jun 29 Sep 09 Oct 13 Oct 14 Nov 04 Dec
17 Jan 13 Feb 17 Mar 02 Apr 05 May 25 May 17 Jan.17 Jan. 13 Feb13 Feb 17 Mar17 Mar 02 Apr02 Apr 05 May05 May 25 May25 May
Mouth Mouth Mouth
Landsat MSS, 1975 IRS LISS-III, Jan. 16, 2002 IRS LISS-III, Jan. 20, 2013
INSAT-3A CCD
–
INSAT 3A CCD 1kmNov 28, 2006
IRS-1D WiFS 188 m (6 Oct 1999)
IRSP6 AWiFS 56m (4 Jan 2006)
IRS-WiFS and AWiFS
WiFS, 188m, 5days AWiFS, 56m, 5days
LISS-IV
Baleshwar
Bhadrak
Baleshwar
Bhadrak
RISAT-1 CRS 14/10/2013
RISAT-1 MRS FCC 05/07, 12/08, 24/08/13
RiSAT-MRS Beam
Baleshwar
Bhadrak
Baleshwar
Bhadrak
RISAT-1 CRS 14/10/2013
RISAT-1 MRS FCC 05/07, 12/08, 24/08/13
Flood affected area as on 14/10/13 (Superimposed on image)
RiSAT- MRS After the Phailin Cyclone
INSAT-3D Geophysical Products
Pay Load Geo-physical Parameters and products
Imager Outgoing Long wave Radiation (OLR)Quantitative Precipitation Estimate (QPE)Atmospheric Motion Vector (AMV)Upper Troposhare Humidity (UTH)Sea Surface Temperature (SST)Land Surface Temperature (LST)Water Vapour Wind VectorInsolationSnow CoverFog, Forest Fire, Smoke and Aerosol IdentificationTropical Cyclone Position and Intensity Estimation
Sounder Temperature, Humidity Profile and Integrated OzoneGeo-potential Height (GH)Layer Precipitable WaterTotal Precipitable Water Lifted Index (Li)Wind Index (Wi)Dry Microburst Index (DMI)Potential Temperature Differential Ozone Estimate
Need for rapid assessment of weather
IR Image, Oct 21, 0700 and 2300, Oct 22, 0300 and 0400Z
Forthcoming EO Missions
o Multi-spectral 4 bands in VNIR (MX-VNIR): 50m Resolution o Hyper spectral VNIR (0.38-1.0 um): 320m Resolutiono Hyper spectral SWIR (0.9-2.5 um): 192m Resolutiono High resolution and Multi-spectral Thermal IR (TIR): 1.5km Resolution
GISATGeostationary platform
o 12-band OCMo Two Thermal infrared bands to measure Sea Surface Temperatureo Ku-Band Scatterometer
OCEANSAT-3
RESOURCESAT-2A
o Repeat of Resourcesat-2 missiono AWiFS: MX- Green, Red, NIR, SWIR with 56 m Resolution, 5-day Repetivityo LISS-III with 23.5 m Resolution and LISS-IV with 5.8 m Resolution
THANK YOU