indian grid…large footprint · 2019-11-26 · 1 indian grid…large footprint nr wr sr er ner...
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Indian Grid…Large Footprint
1
NR
WR
SR
ERNER
Ennore
KudankulamKayamkulam
Partabpur
Talcher/Ib Valley
Vindhyachal
Korba
LEGEND
Coal
Hydro
Lignite
Coastal
Nuclear
VizagSimhadri
Kaiga
Tarapur
Mangalore
Krishnapatnam
RAPP
SIKKIM
MYANMMAR
CHICKEN NECK
Cuddalore
SRI LANKACOLOMBO
NEPALBHUTAN
DESHBANGLA
South Madras
Pipavav
Generation Load-Centre
Kolkata
Bhubaneswar
PatnaLucknow
Delhi
Mumbai
ChennaiBangalore
Bhopal
Guwahati
Jammu
Ludhiana
Jaipur
Gandhinagar
Indore
Raipur
Thiruvananthapuram
Kozhikode
Hyderabad
Coal
Hydro
Wind and Solar
Courtesy: NASA
Indian Power System
• Generating Stations > 900 Nos.
• Generating Units > 2200 Nos.
• > 7000 Sub-stations, • > 3100 transformers • 11 Nos. HVDC Bi-pole/BtB • > 100 nos. 765 kV lines • > 1300 nos. 400 kV lines,
Nepal Bhutan
Bangladesh
Myanmar
International Interconnections
• Demand met – 175590 MW on 18th Sep 2018
• Energy met – 3925 MU on 19th Sep 2018
• Hydro Generation – 741 MU on 31st Aug 2018
High growth
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2
Wind Potential ~ 100 GW (at 80 m hub- height)
Solar Potential ~ 750 GW (4-7 kWh per sq. m per day)
National Offshore Wind Energy Policy & wind
and Solar Hybrid policy
Solar Cities~ 60 Nos. Green Energy Corridors
Renewables CAGR ~ 18 %
Installed Capacity –as on 31 Dec’18 All India 349.28 GW Thermal 223.02 GW Hydro 45.39 GW Nuclear 6.78 GW RE 74.08
Solar Parks – 40 GW
Solar RPO ~ 8 % of total generation by 2022 (Excluding Hydro)
Solar PV Reverse Bidding ~ Rs. 2.44/kWh
Wind Atlas
Wind Reverse Bidding ~ Rs. 2.43/kWh
175 GW by 2022
Wind CAGR ~ 13 % (2014-17)
Solar CAGR ~ 67 % (2014-17)
Renewables on the Rise…MW to GW
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Impact of Weather on Power System • Peak Summer Period (April-June)
– High Temperature – Increase in Demand due to Weather beating Loads – Dust-storms - Load crash, High voltage – Agricultural Demand due to ‘Kharif crop’
• Monsoon Period (July-Sept) – Widespread rains- sudden load crash & high voltage – Sudden hydro generation outage - due to high silt content
• Winter Period (Dec-Feb) – Agricultural Demand due to ‘Ravi Crop’ – Fog/smog – Demand due to use of Heating equipments
• Cyclones – Power outages, damage to transmission & distribution network
• Solar Eclipse – Impact on Solar Generation
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Impact of Different Weather phenomena on Power system
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Minimizing Impact on Power System
• Prior knowledge of Weather Conditions – Demand estimation – Generation Optimization – Maintenance scheduling of generating units and transmission
lines – Issuance of Advisory in case of warning
• Power Generation Increase/Decrease • Assessment of Impact on Power Transmission lines • Simulation Studies
– Better Plan for early restoration
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Meteogram • Inputs to Meteogram
– Automatic Weather Stations,Satellite data ,Radar, Land station ..etc • Meteogram provides Plots for Meteorological Variables
– Rainfall, – Cloud Cover, – Temperature , – Humidity & – Wind Speed & direction..etc
• It is 3 hourly forecast for 10 days. • Each Meteogram Provides information for 10 kM radius • Updated at 00:00 Hrs UTC and 12:00 Hrs UTC
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Meteogram : Three Hourly Forecast for 10 Days
Rains
Thunderstorm Indices
Clouds
Wind Speed & direction
Available for 450 Locations in the Country
Relative Humidity
Sea Level Pressure
Temperature
Relative Humidity
at 2 Meter
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RADAR • The Doppler Weather Radar generates
different displays and derived products of practical utility based on standard algorithms.
• These displays are updated @ every 10 minutes
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Reflectivity (dBZ) • The colors on the legend are the different echo intensities
(reflectivity) measured in dBZ. • "Reflectivity" is the amount of transmitted power returned to the
radar receiver. • Typically, light rain is occurring when the dBZ value reaches 20, 35-
40 Moderate , 40-50 Moderate to Heavy 50-55 Heavy rain • Hail is a good reflector of energy and will return very high dBZ
values – Greater than 55
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Products from Doppler Weather Radars
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Radar Image for Rain/Thunderstorm Monitoring
Rain/Thunderstorm
Thunderstorms: • A likely phenomena during summers •Leads to Load Crash • Excursion in Voltage and Frequency
50 km Boundary
100 km Boundary
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Radar Image for Rain/Thunderstorm Monitoring
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Radar Image for Rain/Thunderstorm Monitoring
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Rajasthan Haryana
Uttar Pradesh
•Near Real time Radar image helped in Timely Reduction of Generation in State Control area/ISGS Generation, RRAS (Reserves Regulation Ancillary Services) Regulation leading to better Load Generation balance in the Grid
49.90
50.05
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Cyclone Gaja Cyclonic Gaja made landfall in
Nagapattinam district of Tamil Nadu around 1:40 am on 16th November 2018
All the Control Centres referred the reports
generated by IMD and closely monitored the RADAR/Satellite Pictures available on the Weather Portal
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Gaga Cyclone:- Precautions Taken • System parameters of following Substations were closely monitored i) 400kV Sriperumbudur S/s ii) 400kV Nagapattinam S/s iii) 400kV SV Chattram S/s iv) 400kV ILFS S/s, v) 400kV Kalivendapattu S/s, vi) 400kV Trichy S/s, vii) 400kV Neyveli S/s viii) 400kV Pondicherry S/s • Reactors were made available to control voltages • All the outages were deferred in East Chennai, Nagapattinam area, Neyveli area
and Pondichery area • Followings units were hand tripped in anticipation of reduction in demand: • 1. NCTPS -210 MW • 2. NCTPS Stage-2 – 600 MW • 3. STCMS (IPP) – 250MW
Close monitoring of cyclone helped in controlling the System parameters and restoration of
power supply in the affected area.
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• Meteogram, wind and rain forecast for 27/28/29-05-2017 helped in better load assessment of UP control area by U.P. State Load Despatch Centre.
• As anticipated, UP demand went down from 19000 MW to 17000 MW due to change in weather conditions.
• Accordingly, STOA & purchase from Power Exchange of the order of 2000 MW was reduced. i.e Backing down of approximately 13 MU of costly thermal generation .
0,00
50,00
24/5/2017 25/5/201726/5/2017
27/5/201728/5/2017
29/5/201730/5/2017
21,15 23,98 24,15 18,44
9,92 10,18
9,52
Total Power Exchange & Bilateral
Demand Management Using Meteogram, Wind and Rain Forecast
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Load Crash of around 450 MW
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
00:0
0 - 0
0:15
01:1
5 - 0
1:30
02:3
0 - 0
2:45
03:4
5 - 0
4:00
05:0
0 - 0
5:15
06:1
5 - 0
6:30
07:3
0 - 0
7:45
08:4
5 - 0
9:00
10:0
0 - 1
0:15
11:1
5 - 1
1:30
12:3
0 - 1
2:45
13:4
5 - 1
4:00
15:0
0 - 1
5:15
16:1
5 - 1
6:30
17:3
0 - 1
7:45
18:4
5 - 1
9:00
20:0
0 - 2
0:15
21:1
5 - 2
1:30
22:3
0 - 2
2:45
23:4
5 - 2
4:00
Timely MW Reduction by BSES
MW ReductionPrior Schedule
Benefit achieved by BSES
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S.no. Date Savings (Mus)
1 10/05/2017 0.24
2 31/05/2017 0.48
3 20/06/2017 1.49
4 30/08/2017 1.43
5 31/08/2017 1.26
6 22/09/2017 2.19
7 23/09/2017 1.87
Total 8.96
Savings by BSES
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Road Ahead • RADAR/Satellite image may be layered with Topographical
Maps, Transmission lines, Highways, State boundaries, Cities and Weather Warnings
• Rainfall estimate in catchment area of hydro plants for inflow forecasting /silt forecasting