1945 To 2000

2000 Onwards…..

World Geography: India and China

Presented By:-

Ojaswi KatiyarNeeraj Goswami Prerna Agarwal

History of Trade between INDIA and CHINA

• SILK ROUTE-Important path for cultural, commercial and technological exchange between India and china from 206BC-220AD

• Slaves, silk, satin, spices, medicines, jewels, glassware were some of the Goods.

Sino-Indian Border Conflict • Sino India war was a war between China and India that occurred in 1962.

The Chinese launched simultaneous offensives in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line on 20 October 1962.

• The Sino-Indian War is notable for the harsh conditions under which much of disputes took place, entailing large-scale combat at altitudes of over 4,250 meters (14,000 feet).

• The Sino-Indian War was also noted for the non-deployment of the navy or air force by either the Chinese and Indian sides.

• Result : Chinese military victory.• There were no proper relation between India and China till 1993.

Diplomatic Process

• In 1993 and 1996, the two sides signed the Sino-Indian Bilateral Peace and Tranquility Accords, an agreement to maintain peace and tranquility along the Line of Actual Control.

• With Indian former President Mr. K. R. Narayanan's visit to China, 2000 marked a gradual re-engagement of Indian and Chinese diplomacy.

• In 2003 China officially recognized Indian sovereignty over Sikkim, as the two nations moved toward resolving their border disputes.

• In April 2005, Chinese Premier Mr. Wen Jiabao visited Bangalore to push for increased Sino-Indian cooperation in high-tech industries.

• On July 6, 2006, China and India re-opened Nathula, an ancient trade route which was part of the Silk Route.

• Asian Development Bank in 2008 formally acknowledging Arunachal Pradesh as part of India, approved a loan to India for a development project there.

Cultural Relations

Cultural- Festival of India in China- Shenyang

The Annual meet of the China-India Friendship Association was held in Beijing on Jan 14. The theme of the meet was “Year of the Tiger: China’s Endangered Predator.”

Shri Ashok Chakravorty, the Culture Wing dance teacher conducted a short-term Indian dance workshop for dance teachers at a local private dance school

A Memorandum of Understanding was signed in Beijing on the 16th April 2009 by the Governments of India and China on the "Festival of India" in China and the "Festival of China" in India to be held in 2010

The new Culture and Information Wing of the Mission began functioning during 2008. The festivals will be cultural events which will seek to promote mutual awareness and understanding of the rich cultural heritage of each country.

Educational Relations• Medical feat: Indian doctors, made in China : Thousands of made-in-China

Indian doctor hopefuls enrolled in Chinese medical universities eager to take advantage of this deal, which seemed too good to be true and, as they are finding out, might actually be.

• Diplomats say that easy admission systems, affordable fees and high standards of facilities are the chief attractions for Indian students, who now number more than 6,000 all over China.

• According to Indians, the average tuition fee in a Chinese medical university is $2,000-$3,000. Another $1,000 is needed for board and lodging. This is a fourth of what one would spend in India.

• CHINA SCHOLARSHIP for Indian students with work experience• Some of the top chinese universities for indians are Wuhan University,

Xiamen University, Shenzhen University, Harbin Engineering University.

India and China trade

related aspects

Economic Growth and Global Integration

The Four Noble Truths of the new Millennium. • Goods (Intra-Industry trade and Value added

agriculture)• Services and Knowledge Industries (IT, ITES,

Professional services, Biotech, Tourism) • Foreign Direct Investment: • Technology: Moving up the value chain in the

global production process.

India in Brief• Population estimate 2010 : 1,184,681,000• GDP(PPP) - Total $3.526 trillion• GDP(nominal) Total $1.235 trillion• Per capita $1,031• GDP by sector agriculture (17.5%), industry (20%),

services (62.5%) (2009 est.)• Main export partners US 12.3%, UAE 9.4%, China 9.3% • Main import partners China 11.1%, Saudi Arabia 7.5%, US

6.6%, UAE 5.1%, Iran 4.2%, Singapore 4.2%, Germany 4.2% • Main industries telecommunications, textiles, chemicals,

food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, information technology

China in Brief• Population - 2010 estimate 1,338,612,968• GDP(PPP) - Total $9.712 trillion• GDP(NOMINAL) - Total $5.365 trillion• GDP by sector industry (48.6%), services (40.5%), agriculture

(10.9%)• Main export partners US 17.7%, Hong Kong 13.3%, Japan

8.1%, South Korea 5.2%, Germany 4.1% (2008)• Main import partners Japan 13.3%, South Korea 9.9%, Taiwan

9.2%, US 7.2%, Germany 4.9%• Main industries mining and ore processing, iron, steel,

aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, toys, and electronics

India-China Trade Relations• According to statistics of Chinese Customs Head Office, bilateral trade

reached $18.7 billion in 2005 and $20 billion in 2006 and $28 billion in 2009

• India and China are directly competing across several product categories.• Recently Chinese premier Wen Jiabao visited India, where he said that

India and China must take their trade to $30 billion level by 2010.• Iron ore constitutes about 53% of India's total exports to China. Among

the potential exports to China, marine products, oil seeds, salt, inorganic chemicals, plastic, rubber, optical and medical equipment and dairy products are the important ones.

• Chinese exports to India, especially machinery, including electrical machinery, which together constitute about 36% of exports from that country.

• The top 15 Chinese exports to India have recorded growth between 29% (organic chemicals) and 219.89% (iron and steel).

BTA• Bilateral trade or clearing trade is trade exclusively between two

states, particularly, barter trade based on bilateral deals between governments, and without using hard currency for payment. Bilateral trade agreements often aim to keep trade deficits at minimum by keeping a clearing account where deficit would accumulate.

• Bilateral investments are not encouraging either, with investments by either side being US$30-40 million annually.

• India and China have stepped up functional cooperation and there is close cooperation in areas as diverse as culture, trade and economy, water resources, audit, personnel, mining, space, science and technology, etc.

• The S&T relations between India and China function within the overall ambit of the Agreement on Cooperation in Science and Technology, signed between the Department of Science and Technology and the PRC Ministry of Science and Technology

• China Eastern Airlines commenced direct air services between Beijing, Shanghai and New Delhi in March 2002. Air India started operations to China in December 2003.

Free Trade Agreement• Open regionalism and trade cooperation between the world's two

largest developing countries, the People's Republic of China (PRC) and India, can foster outward-oriented development and intra-regional trade based on comparative advantage and available factor endowments.

• India and China have formally launched talks to study the feasibility of signing a bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) as well as a Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA) to cement their booming commercial ties

• The two countries can increase bilateral trades with the FTA many times. In 2004, the bilateral trade between the two countries increased by 650% over the past five year. The bilateral trade can touch a staggering 130 billion dollars by 2015.

• China is pushing for a Free Trade Agreement with India, which will create the biggest free trade region in the world.

Chinese Companies in India • Jiangsu Overseas Group Corporation (China

Investment Development & Trade Promotion India Centre)

• China Shougang International Trade and Engineering Corp.India.

• FiberHome Technologies Group• ZTE

Indian Companies in China• Infosys Technologies Ltd• NIIT• Raymond Ltd• Reliance Industries Ltd• Ranbaxy• Aurobindo labs• SBI

Who will be world no 1 ?

Can India Overtake China? Future War: China vs. India

move is a massive one by the economic giants in Africa

The Chinese wealthiest are gaining against their Indian counterparts

“WE APPRECIATE YOUR PATIENCE”

MASTERMINDS:-

• www.indianembassy.org.cn• www.chinaembassy.org.in • www.wikipedia.com• www.ignca.nic.in • www.outlookindia.com• www.businessweek.com• www.hindustantimes.com• www.forbes.com