index search terms

7/31/2019 Index Search Terms

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COMPROMISING WITH EVIL

INDEX

Commonly Searched Terms

An Archival History of Greater Sudan, 2007 2012

Eric ReevesMadeline Zehnder, research and editing


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COMPROMISING WITH EVIL: An Archival History of Greater Sudan, 2007 2012

INDEX: Commonly Searched Words and Phrases

E. Reeves

Index/text searching

This text has no ormal index per se, but each o the PDF sections and annexes may besearched individually by word or phrase. What appears below are some o the key termso reerence that have dened the various parts o this text. Some appear in many, i notall, sections; some appear only in one or two or three parts.

To Search within an Acrobat PDF: Open PDF. Click Control + F (Command + F MAC).Search eatures can also be ound under the EDIT menu. Labeled Find.

Where an organization or agreement has an acronym (e.g., UNHCR, UN High Commis-sionor Reugees), the acronym and the ull term are paired. Many acronyms are usedmore requently in a text than the ull name (e.g., CPA or Comprehensive Peace Agree-ment)hence the acronym will oten be more useul or searching purposes.

Only European and American hemisphere names are ordered with last name rst; thereare too many variations in name order and transliteration or many Arab, Arican, andAsian names, and these are ordered by rst letter o rst name to be included (ull names

and titles typically ollow in parentheses).

O course, any name, word, or phrase may be searched or, whether or not it appearson this list, and may be searched as well in the much larger archives o my website(www.sudanreeves.org).

See also the list oacronyms, names or humanitarian organizations, political and militaryactors, geographical reerences, and signed agreements (ollowing Preace).

A short (and partial) gallery o photographs o Sudanese leaders

ollows.

aballa (camel-herding nomadic tribal groups)Abdel Aziz el-Hilu (SPLA/M-N)Abdel Wahid el-Nur (leader o SLA/AW action)Abch (major town in Eastern Chad)abid (Arabic or slave; a racial slur)Abuja (Nigeria)Abu Shouk camp (el-Fasher, North Darur)Abu Suruj camp (West Darur)Abu Tira (Central Reserve Police)Abyei (contested region north o Warrap State)Abyei Boundaries Commission (ABC)Abyei town

Action Against Hunger (Action contre la aim) (ACF)aerial attacksAdam Hamid Musa (SAF Major General)Addis Ababa Peace Agreement (1972)Addis Ababa (capital o Ethiopia, headquarters o the Arican Union)Aegis Trust (UK)AghanistanArica CondentialArican (non-Arab)Arican Centre or Justice and Peace Studies (ACJPS)Arican Union High-Level Panel on Darur
http://sudanereeves.org/http://sudanereeves.org/


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Arican Union High-Level Implementation Panel (AUHIPno longer in Darur)Arican Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS)Arican Union Peace and Security Council (AU PSC)Agence France-Presse (AFP)Agok (Warrap State)Ahmad Khamis (SAF Major General)Aide Mdicale Internationale

Alred Taban (prominent Sudanese journalist)Ali Kushayb (prominent Janjaweed leader; indicted by ICC)Amal Center (or the Treatment o Victims o Torture, Nyala)Ameerah Haq (ormer UN Humanitarian Coordinator or Sudan)Amnesty InternationalAndudu Adam Elnail (Episcopal Bishop o the Diocese o Kadugli)anti-personnel landminesAntonov (Russian-built cargo plane, used or civilian bombings)ArabArab GatheringArab LeagueArab militiasArab Spring

Arabicarmored personnel carriers (APC)arms embargoAshworth, John (regional Sudan expert)Asmara (capital o Eritrea)asset strippingAssociated Press (AP)atrocity crimesAwad Ibn Au (SAF General)Aweil (Northern Bahr el-Ghazal)Baggara (Arab cattle nomads)Bahr el-Arab River (also River Kiir)Bakri Salih (SAF Major General)Ban Ki-moon (UN Secretary-General)al-Bashir (Field Marshal and President Omar Hassan Ahmed al-Bashir)Barnaba Marial Benjamin (spokesman or the Government o South Sudan)BBCBeja CongressBenn, Hilary (ormer UK Secretary o State or International Development)Bentiu (capital o Unity State)BergidBloomberg NewsBlue Nilebody bagsBoing (Upper Nile)

BombingBor (Jonglei State)border demarcation, border delineationBorder Intelligence Brigade (also Border Intelligence Guards)Boyette, RyanBrazilBrennan, John (senior counter-terrorism ocial in Obama administration NSC)Brookings InstitutionBrgenstock (Switzerland) (site o negotiated ceasere or the Nuba, 2002)Burum (South Kordoan)Burr, Millard


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Bush, George W. (ormer president o the U.S.)Cairo (capital o Egypt)CanadaCAREcar-jackingsCarisch, Enrico (Switzerland, ormer member o UN Panel o Experts on Darur)Carter Center

Carter, Jimmy (ormer U.S. President and head o the Carter Center)Catena, TomCentral Arican Republic (CAR)Central EquatoriaCentral Intelligence Agency (CIA)Central Reserve Police (CRP)censusChad (eastern Chad is immediately to the west o Darur)Chapter VII authority (UN Charter)Charpentier, Georg (ormer UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator or Sudan)chemical weaponsChinaChina National Petroleum Corp. (CNCP)

CholeraChristianChristian Science MonitorCivilian Protection Monitoring Team (CPMT)Clinton, Hillary (U.S. Secretary o State)cluster bombsCoalition or International JusticeCollins, RobertComprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA)Condominium Rule (Britain and Egypt)confict-aected personscrimes against humanityCrude Mortality Rate (CMR)Cycmanick, Chris (UNAMID spokesman)Daily Star (Lebanon)DajoDak Dop Bishok (brutal military gure in Upper Nile)Dallaire, Lt. General (Ret.) Romo (UN commander o UNAMIR, 1993-94)Damazin (Blue Nile)Danorth, John (ormer special envoy or Sudan)Danish Church Aid (DCA)dar (roughly homeland, e.g., Dar Massalit or Dar Fur)DarurDarur Humanitarian Proles (produced by UN OCHA through January 1, 2009)Darur Peace Agreement (Abuja, Nigeria; May 2006) (DPA)

Darurian VoicesDaruri civil societyDarurisDavid Yau Yau (especially dangerous renegade militia leader in Jonglei)de-coupling (o Darur rom U.S. Sudan policy)Delami (South Kordoan)demilitarized buer zoneDemocratic Republic o Congo (DRC)Deng Alor (senior SPLA member, Minister or Cabinet Aairs)depressionDeribat (Jebel Marra)


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De Waal, Alex (adviser to Arican Union mediation eorts on Darur)DiarrheaDira oil well-site in HegligDigitalGlobe (satellite reconnaissance rm, Colorado)Dilling (South Kordoan)Dinka (also, Dinka Ngok, Dinka Panaruu)Djbril Ibrahim (current leader o JEM)

Doctors Without Borders/Mdecins Sans Frontires (MSF) National sections: Switzerland, Spain, Belgium(the largest sectionsFrance and Hollandexpelled March 4, 2009)

Doha (capital o Qatar)Doha Document or Peace in Darur Peace Agreement (DDPD)Doro (Upper Nile)Eastern EquatoriaEastern FrontEd Daein (South Darur)Egeland, Jan (ormer UN Under-secretary or Humanitarian Aairs)EgyptEliasson, Jan (Deputy Secretary General o the UN; ormer special representative to Darur)emergency threshold (or mortality and or malnutrition)Enough Project (Washington, DC)

EquatorianEritreaEthiopiaethnic cleansingEuropean Union (EU)European Parliamentexpulsion o humanitarian organizations (March 4, 2009 and other occasions)Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWSNet)el-Fasher (North Darur)Farchana (reugee camp in eastern Sudan)atwael-Feid (al-Rashad Locality, Nuba Mountains)FEWSNetFirka (Raja County, Western Bahr el-Ghazal)fight banFlint, Julie (Sudan expert, with particular knowledge o Darur and the Nuba)ood insecurityForeign PolicyFormed Police Units (FPU)Foro Banga (North Darur)FranceFriends o IGADFurThe Guardian (UK)Gedari State (northern Sudan)

Geertz, Cliord (anthropologist, author o The Interpretation o Culture)gender-based violence (GBV)el-Geneina (West Darur)

general ood distributionGeneva Conventions

gnocidairegenocidegenocide by attritionGenocide WatchGeorge Athor (renegade militia leader and ormer SPLA general; now deceased)


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Georgieva, Kristalina (European Commissioner or International Cooperation,Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Response)

Gereida (South Darur)GermanyGettleman, Jerey (correspondent, NYT)Ghandour (Ibrahim Ghandour, secretary or political aairs o the NIF/NCP)Ghazi (Ghazi Salah el-Din Atabani, senior NIF/NCP member with a wide portolio)

ghost housesGirinaGlobe and Mail (Canada)Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM)GOAL (Ireland)Gogrial (Warrap State)Gok Machar (Northern Bahr el-Ghazal)Gosh (SAF General Salah Abdallah Gosh, ormer head o NISS)Government o National Unity (GNU)Government o South Sudan (GOSS)Government o Sudan (GOS)Gramizzi, Claudio (ormer member o the UN Panel o Experts or Darur)Gration, Scott (ormer U.S. special envoy or Sudan)

Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company (GNPOC)Guhenno, Jean ( ormer head o UN Peacekeeping)Gua (Upper Nile)Guido camp (near Garsila, West Darur)Gutbi al-Mahdi Mohamed (long-time and senior NIF/NCP member; ormer director o NISS)Guterres, Antonio (ormer UN High Commissioner or Reugees)Haile Menkerios (special rep. o the UN Secretary-General to greater Sudan)Haj Ahmed Algaily Ahmed (SAF General)HamasHamesh Koreib (Kassala State)Haroun (Ahmed Mohamed Haroun Adam, currently governor o South Kordoan; indicted by ICC)Harvard Humanitarian Initiative (HHI)Haskanita (North Darur)heavy support package (or AMIS, as it converted to UNAMID)Heiban (South Kordoan)Heglig/Panthou (lies in disputed border)Helicopters, helicopter gunshipHollandHolmes, John (ormer UN Under-secretary or Humanitarian Aairs)hududHumanitarian Aid Commission (Khartoum) (HAC)Humanitarian Aid Relie Trust (HART, UK)Human Rights and Advocacy Network or Democracy (HAND)Human Rights FirstHuman Rights Watch (HRW)

hunger gapHussein (SAF General and Deense Minister Abdel Rahim Mohamed Hussein, indicted by ICC)hybrid (UN/Arican Union)hygiene-preventableHyper-infationIbrahim Gambari, joint special representative o the AU and UN to UNAMIDIdriss Dby (President o Chad)The Independent (UK)inant mortalityIndiaInstitute o War and Peace Reporting (IWPR)


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Internal Displacement Monitoring CentreIntergovernmental Authority or Development (IGAD, ormerly IGADD)Interim Period (specied in CPA)Internally Displaced Person (IDP)International Committee o the Red Cross (ICRC)International Criminal Court (ICC)International Crisis Group (Brussels) (ICG)

International Monetary Fund (IMF)international non-governmental organization (INGO)International Organization or Migration (intergovernmental) (IOM)International Rescue Committee (IRC)Iran, long-range Iranian missilesIraqIsaias Awerki (president o Eritrea)IslamIslamistIsmail (Mustaa Osman Ismail, long-time NIF/NCP member, ormer Minister o Foreign Aairs)Ismat Abdel Rahman al-Zain (SAF Lt. General)Israel

Jahlak (camp) (Upper Nile)

Jamam reugee camp (Upper Nile)Janjaweed (also: janjaweed, janjawiid, janjewiit, and other transliterations)January 1, 1956January 9, 2005January 9, 2011JapanJau/Jaw (Unity State)al-Jazeera (English)

Jean Ping (ormer head o Arican Union PSC)Jebel Marra (straddles three Darur states)Jebel Mun (West Darur)Jebel Si (North Darur)jihadJohn Garang (charismatic leader o the SPLA/M rom 1983 until his death in July 2005)Johnson Olonyi (renegade militia commander in Upper Nile)Johnson, Douglas (historian o Sudan)Johnson, Hilde (UN head o mission in South Sudan)Jonglei StateJuba (Central Equatoria, capital o South Sudan)Juba Arabic

July 9, 2005July 9, 2011Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)Kadugli (South Kordoan)Kaa Kingi (Western Bahr el-Ghazal)

Kajo Keiji (Central Equatoria)Kakuma (Kenya)KalashnikovKalma camp (Nyala, South Darur)Kampala (capital o Uganda)Kapila, Mukesh (ormer Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator or Sudan; resigned in 2004)Kapoeta (Eastern Equatoria)Karen Tchalian (commander o UNMIS orces in Kadugli in June 2011)Karti (Foreign Minister Ali Ahmed Karti)Kass (North Darur)Kassab camp (North Darur)


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Kassala State (northern Sudan)Kastberg, Nils (UNICEF, Darur)Kauda (Nuba Mountains)Kebkabiya (North Darur)KenyaKhalil Ibrahim (ormer leader o JEM)Khartoum (Khartoum State, capital o Sudan)

Khor Abeche (South Darur)kidnappingKiir Adem (Northern Bahr el-Ghazal)Kishore Mahbubani (Singapore, ormer representative to UN Security Council)Ko Annan (ormer UN Secretary General; head o UN Peacekeeping during Rwanda genocide)Kosti (White Nile State)Kristo, Nicholas (correspondent NYT)Kurmuk (Blue Nile)Kutum (North Darur)Kerry, Senator JohnKyung-wha Kang (UN Deputy High Commissioner or Human Rights)Lakes StateLam Akol

The Lancet (UK medical journal)Ladsous, Hevr (UN Under-secretary or Peacekeeping)lean seasonLemkin, Raphael (Polish linguist who coined the term genocide and was the major orce in securing UN

ratication o the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment o the Crime o Genocide)Le Roy, Alain (ormer head o UN Peacekeeping)Liberation and Justice Movement (LJM)Libyalight support package (to AMIS as it converted to UNAMID)Lokichokio (Kenya)Lords Resistance Army (LRA)Los Angeles TimesLui (Western Equatoria)Luka Biong (ormer Minister o Cabinet Aairs in the Government o South Sudan)Lusk, Gillian (Associate Editor, Arica Condential)Lyman, Princeton (U.S. special envoy or Sudan)Mabaan (Upper Nile)Machakos Protocol (July 2002)Mahjoub Abdallah Shar (SAF Major General)Malakal (Upper Nile)MalariaMaliMalaysiaMalik Agaar (ormer governor o Blue Nile, senior SPLM/A-N leader)Martin Luther Agwai (ormer orce commander o UNAMID)

Mashood Adebayo Baderin (UN expert on human rights in Sudan)MassalitMcClatchey NewsMcDoom, Opheera (correspondent Reuters)measlesMdecins du MondeMeles Zenawi (ormer president o Ethiopia)Mellit (North Darur)Mendez, Juan (ormer special advisor to the Secretary General on prevention o genocide)meningitisMercy Corps


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Merowe (Nile dam site) (Northern State)Mershing camp (South Darur)Mid-Upper Arm Circumerence (MUAC, malnutrition measure)MiG-29 ghter jetMilitary IntelligenceMinni Minawi (leader o SLA/MM action)al-Mirgani (Mohammed Osman al-Mirghani, leader o DUP)

MisseriyaMohamed Ahmed Eisa, Dr. (ormer director o Amal Center or Treatment o Torture, Nyala)moral equivalenceMoreno-Ocampo, Luis (ormer prosecutor, ICC)Mornei camp (West Darur)MortalityMuamar Gada (ormer strongman leader o Libya)Muhajeriya (South Darur)mujahideenMukjar (West Darur)multiple rocket launchers (MRL)Mundri, Western EquatoriaMurle (non-Nilotic tribal group in South; tense ethnic clashes with Lou Nuer)

Musa Hilal (leading Janjaweed gure)MuslimNae (Nae Ali Nae, long-time senior NIF/NCP ocial)Naivasha (Kenya)Nathan, Laurie (Sudan scholar)Nairobi (capital o Kenya)National Congress Party (NCP)National Intelligence and Security Service (NISS)National Islamic Front (NIF)National Islamic Front/National Congress Party (NIF/NCP)NATONatsios, Andrew (ormer U.S. special envoy or Sudan)Navi Pillay (UN High Commissioner or Human Rights)NDjamena (capital o Chad)NepalNertiti (West Darur)The New RepublicNew Strategy or DarurNew York Times (NYT)New SudanNhial Deng (Foreign Minister, Government o South Sudan)NigerNigeriaNile River (White Nile River, Blue Nile River)Nilotic

Nimeiri (Jaaar Mohamed Nimeiri, ormer president o Sudan)non-Arab (Arican)non-ood items (NFI)non-governmental organization (NGO)North DarurNorthern Bahr el-GhazalNorwayNorwegian Peoples Aid (NPA)Norwegian Reugee Council (NRC)Nuba (broad tribal group)Nuba Mountains (South Kordoan)


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Nubia (northern Sudan)Nuer (Nilotic tribal group)Nyala (South Darur)Nyuru (West Darur)Obama, Barack (U.S. President)el-Obeid (Northern Kordoan)Oil and Natural Gas Company o India (ONG)

oil revenues, oil revenue-sharingoil transit eesomdaOmdurman (Khartoum State)Organization o Islamic ConerenceOsama bin Laden (leader o al-Qaeda)Otash (camp) (Nyala, South Darur)Ottawa Treaty (banning use o anti-personnel landmines)Oure Cassoni (reugee camp in eastern Chad)OxamPanthou/Heglig (lies in disputed border area)Pagan Amum (senior negotiator or SPLM/GOSS)Permanent Court o Arbitration (The Hague) (PCA)

Peter Gadet (ormer renegade militia leader, temporarily with the SPLA)Petrodar Consortium (eastern region)Petronas (Malaysia)Pibor (Jonglei State)Physicians or Human Rights (Cambridge, MA) (PHR)Polgreen, Lydia (correspondent NYT)

poliopopular consultationsPopular Deense Forces (PDF)Port Sudan (Red Sea State)Prendergast, John (co-ounder o Enough Project)Pronk, Jan (UN special envoy to Sudan, resigned in 2006)al-QaedaQatarRadio Dabangarainy seasonRaja County (Western Bahr el-Ghazal)Ramadanrape, gang-rapeRashaida Free LionsRebel/Renegade Militia Groups (RMG)Red Sea StatereugeesReugees International (Washington) (RI)regime change

Renk (Upper Nile)Reporters Without BordersRepublic o South Sudan (RSS)responsibility to protect (R2P)ReutersRice, Susan (US Ambassador to the United Nations)Riek Machar (Vice-President, GOSS)Rit Valley Institute (Nairobi) (RVI)Rizeigat (Arab tribal group)River Kiir (also Bahr el-Arab River)Rocket Propelled Grenades (RPG)


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Rodolphe Adada (ormer special joint UN/AU representative to UNAMID)Rome StatuteRubkona (Unity State)Rumbek (Lakes State)RussiaRwandaSachs, Jerey (senior economic advisor to UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon)

Salih Mahmoud Osman (Sudanese winner o the Sakharov Prize or Freedom o Thought, 2007)Salva Kiir (President o the Government o South Sudan)Samaritans Purse (SP)Satellite Sentinel Project (SSP)satellite surveillanceSaudi ArabiaSave the Children (SC) (US, UK, and Swedish sections)secessionSeisi (El-Tigani Ateem Seisi, leader o LJM, ormer governor o Darur)sel-determination reerendum (South Sudan and Abyei)SenegalSevere Acute Malnutrition (SAM)sexual violence

Shangil Tobya (North Darur)shariasheikhShillukSiddig al-Mahdi (Al-Sadiq Siddig al-Mahdi, ormer prime minister o Sudan, 1986-89)da Silva, Manuel Aranda (ormer Humanitarian and Resident Coordinator or UN/Sudan)Simon Gatwick (Major General, South Sudan)Sirba (West Darur)Sirte (Libya)Sisi camp (Kerenek locality, West Darur)Small Arms Survey (Geneva) (SAS)Smith, Dane (U.S. special representative or Darur)Smith, James (Aegis Trust)Sobat River (Jonglei)SolidaritsSouth AricaSouth DarurSouth KordoanSouth Sudan Liberation Movement (SSLM)SpainStatus o Forces Agreement (Darur) (SOFA)Suleiman Jamous (JEM)Suliman Baldo (Sudanese academic and human rights advocate)Sudan Armed Forces (SAF)Sudan Liberation Army (SLA)

Sudan Media Center (SMC)Sudan News Agency (SUNA)Sudan Organization Against Torture (SOAT)Sudan Peoples Liberation Army (SPLA)Sudan Peoples Liberation MovementSudan Peoples Liberation Movement-Democratic Change, Lam Akol/Khartoum allianceSudan Red Crescent SocietySudan Peoples Liberation Army-North (SPLA-N)Sudan Revolutionary Front (SRF)Sudan Social Development Organization (SUDO)Sudan Tribune


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Sudan VisionSudanese Pound (northern currency)Sudanese Red Crescent Society (SRCS)Sukhoi-25 ghter jetSUNA (Sudan News Agency)Supplementary Feeding Centers (SFC)al-Sawarmi (al-Sawarmi Khalid Saad, SAF military spokesman)

Tabarat (North Darur)Tabit (North Darur)Taha (Ali Osman Mohamed Taha, long-time NIF/NCP ocial, Vice-President)Talisman Energy (Canada)Talodi (South Kordoan)Tanner, VictorTawila (North Darur)terrorismThabo Mbeki (head o the Arican Union High-Level Implementation Panel)ThailandTherapeutic Feeding Centers (TFC)thick descriptionTillo (outside Kadugli)

Timsaha (Raja County)Tishwin (Unity State)Torit (Eastern Equatoria)Toronto StarTortureTraguraTripoli (capital o Libya)Tubiana, Jrme (ormer member o the UN Panel o Experts on Darur)Tunjural-Turabi (Hassan Abdullah al-Turabi, NIF ideologue, partially side-lined in 1999)Turelei (Warrap State)UgandaUm Dukhum (West Darur)UN/Arican Union Mission in Darur (UNAMID)UN Assistance Mission in Rwanda (UNAMIR)UN Commission o InquiryUN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment o the Crime o Genocide (1948)UN Department o Peacekeeping Operations (UN DPKO)UN Development Program (UNDP)UN Food and Agriculture Organization (UNFAO)UN Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS)UN High Commission or Human Rights (Geneva) (UNHCHR)UN High Commission or Reugees (UNHCR)UN Human Rights CouncilUN Integrated Regional Inormation Networks (UN IRIN)

UN International Childrens Emergency Fund (UNICEF)UN Joint Logistics CenterUnited Nations Mission in the Central Arican Republic and Chad (MINURCAT)UN Mission in Sudan (UNMIS)UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS)UN News CentreUN Oce or the Coordination o Humanitarian Aairs (UN OCHA, also OCHA)UN Panel o Experts on DarurUN Security Council Resolutions:15561591


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15931674170617692046UN World Food Program (Rome) (UN WFP, also WFP)UN World Health Organization (UN WHO, also WHO)

UN World Summit (September 2005)U.S. Agency or International (USAID)U.S. Committee or ReugeesU.S. Institute o PeaceU.S. State DepartmentUnity StateUpper NileValerie Amos (UN Under-secretary or Humanitarian Aairs)Voice o America (VOA)Wadi Saleh (West Darur)Warrap StateWashington, DCWashington Post

water-borne diseasesWatSan (water and sanitation)WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene)Wau (Western Bahr el-Ghazal)Western Bahr el-GhazalWestern EquatoriaWest DarurWestern Upper NileWilliamson, Richard (ormer special envoy or Sudan)Winter, Roger (ormer special assistant or Sudan)World BankWorld Organization Against Torture (OMCT)WS-2 (Wei Shi) multi-launch rockets system (Chinese, used by SAF in the Nuba)Yata (Upper Nile)Yambio (Western Equatoria)Yasir Arman (secretary general o the SPLM/A-North)Yei (Central Equatoria)Yida reugee camp (Unity State)Yoweri Museveni (President o Uganda)Yuse Kuwa (great leader o the Nuba people during the extermination campaign o the 1990s)ZaghawaZalingei (West Darur)Zam Zam (camp) (el-Fasher, North Darur)ZionistZoellick, Robert (ormer Deputy Secretary o State)

zurga (common racial epithet)


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Daruri leaders

Photography credit: Eric Reeves

Dr. Mohamed Ahmed Eise, ormer direc-tor o the Amal Center or the Treatment o and

Rehabilitation o Survivors o Torture in Nyala,South Darur

Suleiman Jamous,humanitarian coordinatoror the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM)

Leaders rom South Sudan and the marginalized regions(Photography credits: Eric Reeves, Government o South Sudan, United Nations, Enough Project, SudanMedia Center [Khartoum], public domain, unknown)

Photography credit: Eric Reeves

John Garang, Nairobi 2003Former powerul and charismatic leader o theSPLA/M; his death in July 2005 likely ended anychance that the CPA would be ully implemented


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Photography credit: Government o South Sudan

Salva Kiir, President o the Govern-

ment o South Sudan;he has led SouthSudan through seven o the most dicult years inits history; he has not received adequate supportrom a number o senior SPLM ocials

Photography credit: Enough Project

Luka Biong Deng, ormer Ministeror Presidential Aairs in the Gov-

ernment o South Sudan,chie Southernrepresentative o the Abyei Joint Oversight Com-mittee

Yuse Kuwa, ormer leader o the

SPLM/A in the Nuba Mountains; one othe great men to emerge rom the terrible years ocivil war

Abdel Aziz el-Hilu, commander o

the SPLA-North in the Nuba


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Malik Agar, ormer governor o Blue

Nile, ormerly governor o Blue Nile and power-ul leader within the SPLA/M, he is now equallypowerul as a leader o the SPLA/M-North

Nhial Deng Nhial, Foreign Ministero the Government o South Sudan

Yasir Arman, Secretary-General

SPLM/A-North

Samson Kwaje, a good man and ormerspokesman or the SPLM; he is much missed.


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Pagan Amum, South Sudans lead nego-

tiator, A key member o the SPLA/M and in Au-gust/September led the negotiations with Khartoumover oil revenues

Jok Madut Jok,ounder and executive directoro the Marol School (Warrap State, South Sudan)and Undersecretary or the Ministry o Culture,Government o South Sudan; it will be people like

Jok who determine the uture o South Sudan

Leaders o the National Islamic Front/National Congress Party

President and Field Marshal Omar al-

Bashir,indicted or genocide and crimes againsthumanity by the International Criminal Court

General Abdel Rahim Mohamed Husse-

in, Deense Minister and ormer Min-ister o the Interior;indicted by the ICC orwar crimes and crimes against humanity


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Vice President Ali Osman Taha, chie

negotiator or the NIF/NCPduringNaivasha peace talks Viewed by some as a mod-erate within the regime, he is in act simply morepragmatic about achieving the Islamist and Arabi-zing agenda. Taha play a major role in the Darurgenocide and was part o the NIF/NCP assassina-tion attempt on Hosni Mubarak in Addis Ababa(1995)

General Salah Abdallah Goshor-mer powerul head o the intelligence and securityservices and an exceptionally brutal man

Nafe Ali Nafelong-time senior presiden-tial adviser and power broker; until the events o2011, one o the very most powerul members othe NIF/NCP

Ghazi Salah el-Din Atabani, senior NIF/NCP member who has taken on at various times awide range o portolios


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Gutbi al-Mahdi Mohamed, political secre-tary (politburo chie) and longtime senior membero NIF/NCP

Ali Ahmed Kartilong-time NIF/NCPstalwart; now Foreign Minister; headed the PDFduring the civil war.

Islamist ideologue and mastermind o the 1989

coup, Hassan al-Turabiwas only partiallysidelined by the NIF/NCP leadership in 1999. Heremains a orce to be reckoned with

UN/Arican Union representative to UNAMID

Ibrahim Gambari, with NIF/NCP Presi-dent Omar al-Bashir, now indicted orcrimes against humanity and genocide. Herephotographed smiling with President al-Bashir atthe wedding o the daughter o notorious Janja-weed leader Musa Hilal to President Idriss Dbyo Chad. A revealing episode.

Musal Hilal, the most notorious and brutallydestructive Janjaweed leader. Responsible or tenso thousands o deaths, he is also author o a nowinamous memorandum urging that the demog-raphy o Darur be changed and that it be emp-tied o Arican tribal groups


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Ali Kushayb, colonel o colonels within theJanjaweed charged by the ICC with war crimes andcrimes against humanity

Ahmed Haroun, governor South Kordoanand ormer State Minister or the Interior during the

worst years o the Darur genocide. He has been indictedby the ICC or war crimes and crimes against humanity;his actions as governor o South Kordoan have been noless brutal or destructive

A rare photograph oGeneral Bakri Salih, or-

mer Deense Minister. He is now senior ministeror presidential aairs; very infuential in current politicalenvironment.


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The United Nationshas no qualms about dealingwith the Khartoum regime.Despite the ICC indictmentso senior members o that

regime, Ban Ki-moon hap-pily accepts the diplomaticcredentials o Khartoumsnew UN ambassador

Photography credit: United Nations

Field Marshal al-

Bashirand

GeneralHussein are in appropriateattire or celebrating theircontinuing tyranny and mili-tary ambitions

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