INDEX

7dream.com 135,205-6

Accenture 100, 128 accuracy

of forecast 22 of supply chain model 25

Ace Hardware 44 Adaptec 64, 130, 275

Alliance solution 271-2 case study 268-74 impetus for change 270 operations, realized improvements 272-4

adaptive dynamical systems 316 adjacent echelons in supply chain, collaboration

between 40-5 Administrative Module (AM) 211 aerospace

structural material 294 supply chain

efforts to dampen oscillation 301 modeling 298-301 schematic 297

see also Boeing agent-based modeling (ABM) 320, 341

and equation-based modeling, difference in representational focus 321

practical application 342-3 of supply networks

basis properties of 342 structure 321

see also equation-based modeling agent-based simulation 316

practical application 342-3 of supply dynamics 319-21

Agilent Technologies 143 Agile Software 132 Air Products and Chemicals 82 AlHance software 130, 275 Amazon.com 110, 135 analytical tool using linear programming 279 AppHed Textiles 149 apparel firm example 85 approved vendor Hsts 132 Ariba 79, 120, 131 asset-driven costs 151-2 A.T. Kearney study, service level 35 AT&T 210 auction

business-to-business 246 combinatorial 247-9,257

forward 246 Internet 246 on-line 118 simple 246 reverse (procurement) 256 single round format 248 services 79

Automated Inventory Replenishment (AIR) 43 automotive industry

supply chain simulation 317 experiments 321-39

supply networks of 317 auto supply chain, behaviors 323 "Autotest" program 134

B2B see business to business backward integration 81 Barilla SpA 43, 94

case study on 41 baseline design 9 base-stock inventory model 55-7 Base Stock model 38-9 Basic Network Elements (BNEs) 216

deltas 216,218 design change 216 production process 217 strategy 218

modules 218 Benetton 97, 112, 150-1 Best Buy 35,51,99, 140 bidder information 251 bid selection optimization 252 Boeing 79, 83, 96, 132, 294, 296

Commercial Airplanes commodity supply chain, simulation

model 308-12 supply base 301

electronic replenishment program (ERP) 97 supply chain 296-301

complex nature of 307 discrete event modeling 307 simplified network for 305

system dynamics modeling 302-6 see also aerospace

boom and bust cycles in product manufacturing, magnification of 160

branded specials 166-7 buffer inventory 21 build to order (BTO)

direct-to customer business model 162

346 Index

build to order contd. direct-to-customer model 160 environment 70 process 217 versus traditional manufacturing methods,

comparison of 164 Build to stock (BTS)

with "Lucent Standards" 217 bullwhip phenomenon (effect) 40, 95, 112,

115-16, 126, 160, 227, 260, 301-8, 316 business

process and models of technology industry 170-3

strategy, alignment with 72 business-to-business (B2B) applications

auctions 246 benefits 274 changes in business processes 267 cooperation of trading partners 267 cost factor 266-7 digital transaction models 117 e-commerce 110, 121 framework to assess return-on-investment

of 263-8 of the Internet 137 lack of standardization 268 marketplaces for technology products 159 security 267 trading matrix 118

butterfly-diamond diagram 80 buy-the-market strategy 81

danger of 85

call options on spreads in build-to-order environments 163 in traditional business models 163

Campbell Soup Company 92-3 case study on 41, 129

Cannondale 134 Canon 84 capacity utilization versus responsiveness 71 carrier bid response tool (CBR) 252 Cash Conversion Cycle 70 causality 228, 240 Cemex 16 ChemConnect 121, 133 chemical manufacturer company,

case study 26-7 chip tester 278 Chrysler 81, 86 Circuit City 129 Cisco Systems 32, 36, 117, 122, 130,

133-4, 136 eHub 99

Clariant, Inc. 42 CHck and Mortar (CAM) model 135, 205

model of SEJ 206 order fulfillment by 135

cHent-server architecture 126 collaboration, benefits from 105 collaborative design 127, 132 collaborative planning 95, 98-9

effects on performance 105 software 54

Collaborative Planning, Forecasting, and Replenishment (CPFR) 36, 41, 48, 52, 129

combinatorial auctions 247-9, 257 combinatorial bids, problem of submitting 248 CommerceOne 118, 120, 131 commercial airplanes

industry, cyclic 294 market, cyclical nature of 295 supply chain 296 see also Boeing

commonality 144, 146, 148, 153, 180, 181, 222, 243

Communications Module (CM) 211 company agents 321 Compaq Computer Co. 68-9, 247 competitive bidding events (CBE) 118 competition, pure 79 completeness 228

of set of performance measures 240 complexity 84 component

sharing 223 sourcing, "no advance commitment"

approach to 164 concurrent product/process design 114 confounding effects 240 congruence 228

of measurement system 240 Conoco 84 consumer research data 96 Continuous Replenishment (CR) 41 contract manufacturer (CM) 47 contracts

controls, types of 173 execution 172 management 120 monitoring 173 structured 166

Converge 79, 131-3 converge.com 166 coordination across functional boundaries 5 costs

asset-driven 153 carrying 33 fixed 49

allocation of 228, 240 location-specific 151, 153

Index 347

costs contd. minimization 20, 25 opportunity 33 reduction 93, 100

Costs of Goods Sold (COGS) 55 Covisint 79, 121, 131-2 CPG market 99 CPR 93 criticality

analysis, successful 340 code 180

cross-docking 127,203 cross-enterprise

performance measures, development of 72 workflow integration 130

CrossRoute Software 271-2 Crystallize, Inc. 307 customer 4

forecast data 266 linking and sensing capabilities 92 satisfaction 62 service

differentiation, provision of cost-effective 177

metrics, build-to-stock (BTS) versus build-to-order (BTO) 66-7

"customer centric" supply chain solutions 176 customer service differentiation strategy,

model 181 application and public analysis 184-5 based on inventory rationing,

cost comparison 189 framework 186-9 single location inventory system 181-3 two-echelon systems 183

customization-responsiveness squeeze 140 CVS 135,207 Cycle (flow) Time at a Node 70 cycle time reduction 70, 265

Daimler Benz 86 DaimlerChrysler Corporation (DCX) 78, 321,

334, 338, 342 e-supply, SYS pilot 343 Research & Technology, Supply Net

Management Research Group 316, 318, 327

supply net example 318 see also real supply chain simulation

DASCh 317, 321-7, 343 experiments 322 generic model of 342 linear supply chains to full networks 341

data availabiUty 237, 239

and quality 53

data contd. to information 201 needs 5, 8-9 requirement 227, 240 transfer activities 264

database maintenance 264 relational 126

Dataquest 278 data-rich supply chain management 200, 204 DataSweep 136 decentralized inventory ownership in supply chain,

impact of 52 decision support systems 15

optimization-based 23 Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) 179, 186 delayed product differentiation 141

basic approaches for 223 Dell Computers 17, 20, 32, 35, 55, 67, 69, 99,

121, 132, 134, 140, 160 DellOnLine 119 demand

amplification, theory of 340 data set of 135 driven strategies 21-3 enhancement 93,100 forecasts 21,200 information

distortion in supply chain, problem of 126 value of 261

management opportunities, dealing with 71 shaping 21 and supply in supply chain, matching 112 uncertainty 10,56-7

demand-enhancing initiatives 93 DemandTec. 135 design data sheets 132 devaluation 34 dies 145 differentiated service requirements 175, 177, 181 differentiation 50, 82, 140, 141 Digital Buyer 132 direct-order kiosks 163 distribution strategy 6 Dominant Opening Strategy (DOS) 205 Dominick 100 Dow Jones 30 Industrial Index 249 dual-response manufacturing 161-2

example of HP Inkjet Printers 162 real-options perspective 162

DuPont 81, 84 duties 5-6, 153 duty drawback 5, 6, 11 Dynamic Analysis of Supply Chains

see DASCh 321 dynamics of supply networks 341

348 Index

e2open 132 Eastman Kodak Company 48 Eaton 86-7 EBM see equation-based modeling e-business 124-6, 137 e-commerce revenue, loss in 110 Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model 39 economies of scale 223 EDA CAD libraries 132 Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) 41, 126

Kurt Salmon Associates study 92 Efficient Foodservice Response (EFR)

initiative 131 efficient frontier and inventory improvement

goals 33 e-frastructure 110 eGreetings 134-5 e-Hub 130, 136 electronic connectivity, three dimensions of 115 Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) systems 41,

43,54,99-100, 115,271,296 electronic information integration 126-8 electronic manufacturing services (EMS)

firms 164-5 industry development of 169

electronic synchronization 128-30 electronic workflow coordination 130-2 Elemica Network 121 e-mail 99 e-markets, private and public 99 EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa)

region 213 design process 216

emergent dynamics 316 empirical evidence, information sharing

and collaborative activities, effectiveness of 100-4

end of line configuration 141 engineering 264 Enterprise Profit Optimization solutions 136 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Systems 127, 131, 271 software, commercialization of 176

eProcurement 79, 81, 87-8, 117-18 risk and benefits of 88

equation-based modeling (EBM) 319-21,341 ERIM's Center for Electronic Commerce 316 essentiality code 180 e-supply chains 114-21,343 e-tailers, economic viabiHty of 135 Europe 110 exchanges 78, 79, 87, 117, 130, 271 exchange rates 5-6 executional interactions (purchasing,

WIP update, shipment) 265

exercise risk 162 extended supply chain ExxonMobil 99

24

Fabless Semiconductor Association 260 FCC spectrum auctions, bidders 246 F&CPG industry 100-4 feasibility 24 Federal Express 128 financial flows 111 financial options 168-9 Fine's three-dimensional concurrent engineering

framework 113 Fishman-Davidson Center for Service and

Operations Management at Wharton School 178

fixed costs see costs Fleming Industries 100 flexibility

performance metrics 236-7 sources of 160

Flextronics 132 Food & Consumer Packaged Goods

(F&CPG) industry 93 food

industry 92 manufacturer supply chain, case study 27-8 electronics, and high-tech industries 106 service market exchange 136 see also F&CPG industry

Ford 84 Ford.com 134 forecast

error 22 information 334 long-term 16 window 333, 340

Forrester's B2B digital transaction models 116 Freemarkets.com 79, 118, 120 functional product 114

GAMS 287-8 Gateway 69, 160 General Electric 36, 78-9, 85

TPN 81 General Motors 81,99

network 78 Service Parts Operation 63

GeneraHzed Vickrey Auction (GVA) 248 Generic Drive Program, measurement

system for 230-40 geographical information system (GIS)

database 307 globalization 78

of the semiconductor industry 261

Index 349

Global Provisioning Center 213 global supply chain design 8,11 GNX 121 Goldman Sachs 116 granularity 47 grocery manufacturers, study of 129 groupware 115

Hannaford Brothers 129 hard disk controllers 269 H.E. Butt 129 heuristics 7-8 Hewlett-Packard 35, 39, 43, 64-5, 69, 79, 84,

147-8, 152, 161, 166-7 DeskJet printer 144, 149 Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Division 39 Network Printer Case 52 procurement groups 158 real options business model 171-3 shopping web site 153 Strategic Planning and Modeling

(SPaM) 38,44 Hillier, multiple-period model 224 Home Depot Inc. 247-8

bidding rules 253 software 252

case study 249-56 implementation and results of new bidding

process 254-6 logistics and transportation

challenges at 249-50 selection of winning bids 254 transportation bidding

innovative process for 251-4 traditional process for 250-1

Winner Determination Problem 247 Honda 81 Hong Kong 64,269 HP see Hewlett-Packard

12 Technologies 36, 251 IBM 55, 69, 144-5, 149 IDC 110 Imation 35 industry

clockspeed 113 high 114

consortiums 79 high tech 133

information 201-3 and business models in high

technology 159-60 delays and distortions, elimination of 115 distortion, buUwhip effect 128

information contd. efficiency of supply chain 160 flows 111

improved 159 and material flows, coordination of 110 through supply chain, studies of impact of 10

hub 127 model 128

integration 93-9, 124-5 and performance, relationships between 105

processing 205 sharing 95-7,264

and coordination across supply-chain 94-100 efforts 126 level, profits linked with 129

technology 340 infrastructure technologies, potential 115

"filling the cube" 116-17 see also Upton and McAfee

innovative product 114 innovative supply chain coordination practices 112 Instill 131

suite of Internet services 135 see also food service market exchange

integrated circuits (ICs) 260, 269 chips 143-7

integrated performance measures 63 Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN) 201-2 integration among supply chain partners 200 Intel 114 interdependence

of performance parameters 317 in supply chains 226, 240

Internet 41, 67, 72, 114, 127, 129, 137, 158 auctions 246 commerce, global 110 data exchange 43 effect of 65 impact on supply chain inventory 53-4 procurement 296 secondary markets 133 services 134-5 as technology enabler

Internet-Reconfigurable-Logic (IRL) 133-4 Intuit 134 inventory

carrying costs 274 classification 36-7 control 53 cost 33-4 importance of 33-6 information 896 levels 200

across product lifecycle 51 management of 32

350 Index

inventory contd. manufacturing setting 68 metrics 67-8

links to traditional 71 multi-echelon 48-50 oscillation 325 planned 37, 53 rationing policy 186,193 and service 34-5

tradeoff 33,72 for service parts and reverse logistics 54-5 summing along supply chain 68-9 in supply chain 32 turnover 233 turns 68, 224, 231-3 variation 325

IRL see Internet-Reconfigurable-Logic ISDN see Integrated Service Digital Network ISO certification process 120

J.D. Power and Associates overall quaUty ratings 81

Japan automobile makers 146 distribution system 203 Travel Bureau 205

Joint Delivery Program 203 joint demand and logistics planning, profits and

level of 130 JTB 135

"kanban" system 206 Kellogg Planning System 50 Kimberly Clark 129 Kinotrope 135,205 Kmart Corporation 129, 247 Kodak

Multi-Echelon Inventory Optimization Project 48-50

Korea 64, 269 Kurt Salmon Associates 92

labeling postponement 142-3 labor costs 153 late point differentiation 141 Lear Corporation 84 Line Item Fill Rate 67 Linear Programming (LP) 283 local context 5-6 local information and local decision making 317 local language distinctions, product

differentiation due to 141 local versus end-to-end supply-chain metrics 52 location data 8 logic devices see integrated circuit chips

logistics costs 151-3 infrastructure 110 military, study of 193 network 14, 176 performance measurement systems 222, 225-6 system, agility of 203

Logistics.com 247 Lot Sizing algorithms 39 Lucent Technologies 149, 210

5ESS® Digital Switch 210-14, 219 capacity constraints 215-16 European organization 210 manufacturing system and capacity 213 organizational issues 218 problems in fulfilling order requirements production sites in Poland and Russia 214 Tres Cantos factory 210

make-to-schedule (MTS) 50 management challenges of technology industry

business processes and models 170-1 Manco 44 manufacturer-retailer relationship 92 manufacturing

options, low-cost 169 outsourced 170 strategy 6

Manugistics 121, 136 market

exchange for electronics 133 intelligence and demand management 135-6 mediation function 111 monitoring over time 170

market-based strategies 170 Marriott 136 mass customization 134 material

costs 151-2 flows 111

Materials Requirements Planning (MRP) systems 39

Matsushita-Kotobuki Electronics Industries Ltd. (MKE) 229

measurement systems criteria 226

of quality of 228 framework to assess 226-8 in reflecting supply chain performance 222

measures, criteria to evaluate individual 227 metallic alloy 294 METRIC (Multi-Echelon Technique for

Recoverable Item Control) 184 model for management of repairable items 177

Microsoft 134

Index 351

Microwave Instruments Division (MID) 39 military supply chain, study of 179-81 Min Max or Order-Point 39 Mitsui 135,205 mixed integer linear programs 23 MMK (Multimedia Kiosk) 205 mobile communication 14 model of pilot's supply chain

see real supply chain simulation model structure 321-2 modeling approaches 7-8 modular design 223 modular product architecture 147 modularity as key enabler of postponement 148 Monsanto 32 monetary value as inventory metric 67-8 Monsanto 37 Moore's Law 158 Motorola 53, 145 mountain bicycle market 148 movement data 8 MRO supplies 118 material requirements planning (MRP) model 321 multi-company supply chain example 46 multi-echelon inventory

models 50 optimization examples 48-50

multi-echelon systems, challenges 46-8 multimedia 126 multi-tiered supply network of independent

entities 313 MUP/ERP 132

Nabisco 98, 129 National 140 National Malcolm Baldrige Award 131 Navy 178 NEC 135,205 network

design models 15 enabling technologies 111 organizational structure 111 processes 111 of supply 317

new business models 124-5, 132-6 new product

development activities, coordination of 98 and process design 7

Newsvendor model 39 Nike 32, 36

ID 134 Nissan 81 noise 227, 233

absence of 240 Nomura Research Institute (NRI) 135, 205

non-financial measures to value creation nonlinear dynamic s 317 North Face 130

240

obsolescence costs 34 off-balance-sheet inventory liabilities 34 Office Depot 51,140 on-line

auctions 118 procurement 78 sales channels 170

on-time delivery 234-5 open communication infrastructure 114 operational flexibility 112 Operation Field Counselors (OFCs) 201 operations objectives

of cost, quality, delivery, and flexibility 84-5 of firm 82

optimization 7 Optimizer 55 optionaHty 160 options

financial 168-9 operating, firm's optimal portfolio of 167-9 selection of 169-70 spread 164 see also real options

options-based view of procurement and sales 166 order

fill rate 67 fulfillment

by click-and-mortar model 135 processes 21

processing and financial flow coordination 131 status 200 variation 324

Order-Up-To-Level model see Base Stock model

organizational incentives against change 5 organizational premises 340 original equipment manufacturers (OEM) 47,

145, 165, 268 oscillatory behavior in production-distribution

system 296 outsourcing 6, 78, 170

drawbacks of 261-1 overnight delivery 14

package auction see auction, combinatorial PairGain 132 Part Inventory Tool (PIT) 38 partnerships 81 parts, commonality 147 PC industry 69 PDM 132

352 Index

performance control systems 171 indicators 222,227-8 measurement systems 171

in logistics, development phases 226 measures 200

cost-based 228 definitions for 222 and information integration mechanisms,

conceptual framework 100-1 in logistics, scheme for classifying 225 multi-dimensional 64 for supply chains 63-5

metrics on service and flexibility 236 multi-functional and multi-company

dimensions of 63 Periodic Review model see Base Stock model pilot simulation model see real supply

chain simulation PIT 39 planning

strategy and governance 172 synchronization 124-5

point of differentiation 143-4 point-of-sale (POS) data 65, 200-3 portfolio

approach 158 contracting and procurement process 172 effect 169 evaluation 172

portfolio-dependent option values and optimal exercise policies 168

postponement 64,112,214-15 affecting service 152 alternative forms of 142 assembly and manufacturing 142 concept, and alternative forms 141-6 costs and benefits 151-3 of customer specification 223, 240 effect on inventory measures 151 enablers, costs, and benefits 146-53 examples of 144-6 impact on costs 153 labeHng 142-3 location in supply chain 153 packaging 142-3 and standardization 222-5 strategies 153,217

PPIC see Production Planning and Inventory Control Pratt & Whitney Co. 83-4 price

controls 173 discovery mechanism 246 posted, mechanisms 246 protection and returns 34

PricewaterhouseCoopers (PWC) 2001 survey 53

printed circuit boards (SCSI Host Adapters) 269 probabiHstic simulation models 7 process

changes 148 data 8 design 340 enablers 148-51 re-sequencing 150-1 restructuring 223 standardization 149

process/supply chain interface 114 Procter and Gamble (P&G) 35, 41, 65,

68, 100, 129 procurement 131

coordination for new product introduction 131 options 166

ProduceOnline 131 product

data 8 enablers 146-8 life cycle 34, 132, 159, 163, 261 modularity 147 postponement 161 rollover 132 standardization 240 upgrades 133 variety 140

Production Planning and Inventory Control agents 321 algorithms 321

production schedules 200 profit

margins 104 maximization 25

ProModel 308 promotional activities 93, 95 Provato 137 provisioning and parallel processing 217-18 pull-based supply chain strategy 17, 19 push-based supply chain 18

strategies 16-17, 19 implementing a 20-1

push-pull boundary 17, 143, 215, 219 portions of supply chain, characteristics of

21 systems 30

quality criteria 240 as Defects per Million (DPM) diagnosis and improvement of of information 119 measures 239

Quantum Corporation case study 228-40

238 66

Index 353

Quantum Corporation contd. framework of assessing performance

measurement systems in 241 Generic Drive Program initiative 228-30 inventory reduction 231 service improvement 234

Quick Response (QR) 40 Quoted Customer Response Time 70

rationing policy benefits versus round-up and separate

stock policies 190 threshold 188-9

reach 119 real options 159

and financial options, differences 168-9 general approach to 169-70 methodologies 173 procurement methodology 158 view of firm 165-7

real supply chain, simulation 327-41 experiments 329 demand

random 336 real 338 single pulse 335

model 339-41 results 330

relationships managing 85-8 styles 81-2

remote sensing and diagnosis 134 replenishment

lead time 39, 50, 53, 56, 57, 181, 182, 184 policy 183, 184

replenish-to-order (RTO) system 50 request-for-information (RFI) 120 request-for-quote (RFQ) 256

preparation 120 requirements, prioritization 177 Research, Inc., 100 responsiveness 236 retail apparel industry 151 retail company, case study 29-30 retailers, study of 129 returns 33,34,43,99, 111,288 reverse logistics 54-5 rework costs 34 RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) 136 richness 119 risk

management 173 measures 171 pooling 50, 152

concept 17 opportunity 44

Rolls Royce PLC 84 routing and scheduling 15

sales channel options 169 of components 166 information 96 options 166

Sara Lee 129 Saudi Arabia 149,215-18

see also Lucent Savi Technologies 136 Schnuck Markets 129 SCM software package, standard 318 scoping a project 46-7 SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface) 269 Sears Logistics Services (SLS) 247, 256 SearsAVhirlpool 152 second brands 166-7 SeeCommerce 137 Seiko 269 sell-through data 65, 200 semiconductor industry 262-3

fabless model 260 supply chain structure 262-3

serial supply chain example, inventory policies 45

service allocation 177 improvement 99, 234, 241 level controls 173 parts, logistics systems 177 performance metrics 236-7 support 134

service differentiation based on inventory rationing 186-91

model framework 18 6-91 on basis of delivery lead-times 181-5 strategies 192

based on inventory rationing 193 based on part delivery led-times 192 marginal insights 192-4

set partitioning problem 254 Seven Eleven Japan (SEJ) 135, 200-1

continuous improvement (kaizen) 204 e-commerce 205-6 feedback loop 201

daily cycle of 201,203 weekly cycle of 201,203

lessons on data-rich SCM 206-7 Seven Meal Service program 202 store location strategy of 205

shipper bid support (SBS) 252 shipping agents 321 short cycle time 20 Silver-Meal heuristic 39

354 Index

simple supply chain model 322 structure 20

simulation 7 for analysis and optimization of

complex systems 318 experiments, methodology and tools 342

single-location inventory models 40 SKU see stock-keeping unit Sky Chefs 100 SNAP 317, 321-7, 329, 342-3

ecosystem, examples 322 generic model of 342 service level metrics 330 software 330

software suppliers 79 Solectron, Ingram-Micro 130 Sony 135,205 source solicitation 172 Sourceree 136 sourcing strategies for materials and services 78 Spartan Stores 44 speed

detection of design problems 264 metrics 70

SpinCircuit 132 spot-market purchases 166 stability improvements 339 standard deviation 22 standardization 223

benefits and costs of 223 Standard & Poor's 500 Index 249 Stanford University 128

Supply-Chain Management Forum 100 Staples Inc. 35, 247 statistical aggregation of consumption data 135 Stochastic Programming 289 stock-keeping unit (SKU) 17, 22, 26-7, 38, 55,

62, 202, 249 Stop and Shop 100 strategic alliances 80-1, 86-7, 89

benefits of 86-7 and partnerships 78 risks 86-7

strategic importance 82 number of suppliers, complexity,

and uncertainty, concepts of 85 Strategic Inventory Placement model 49 supernormal profits 105 suppliers 4

approaches to managing 78 certification, reach versus richness

trade-off in 120 number of 84 performance 136

suppliers contd. evaluation 120

relationship characteristics of five types of 81-2 fundamental factors 82 managing 88 objectives and choice of 83 structure of 82-5

selection and certification 120 supplier distribution center (SDC) 203 Supplier Managed Inventory (SMI) 41 SupplierLink 36 supply and demand management 22 supply base design 6 supply chains 4, 279-81

applications 11 bottlenecks 24 centraHzed control 48 characteristics of 225 collaboration 44 configurations, analysis 9-10 confounding effects 227 coordination 104, 110-11, 115

fundamental law of 112 Cycle Time 70 efficiency 105 end-to-end approaches 45-50 flexible and responsive 21 innovations and real options 160-1 integration 124, 137

and business processes, examples of e-business impacts on 127

dimensions of 125 and e-business 124-6 initiatives, levels of current trends 99-100

inventory access to 261 management approaches single

location 37-40 practices 35-6

for making test equipment 280 management 92 master plan 23 metrics 10 monitoring and measurement 136-7 network 14, 111 parties, integration of information and

knowledge between 92 performance 62

metrics, taxonomy for 66 planning software and process

improvements 327 practitioners, practical issues 50-5 process management 136 redesign 5

Index 355

supply chains contd. responsiveness 159 restructuring 133 in semiconductor industry 279 service targets, setting 51 strategies 16-20

matching with products 18 of standardization and postponement 224

timeline 17,21,30 visibility software 54

supply chain design (SCD) 4, 110, 112, 114, 117-19

analyses 6 fundamental law of 113 in global context, distinguishing

characteristics of 5-6 robust 10 state of art 10-11

Supply Chain Engineering group 215 Supply Chain Event Management 136 Supply Chain Execution Management 136 Supply Chain Guru 307-8 supply chain management (SCM) 4, 200, 222

collaborative design for 132 definition 14, 111-12 laws of 112-13 objective of 15 operational level 15 and shareholder value 32 strategic level 15 tactical level 15

Supply Chain Markup Language (SCML) 10 supply chain operations or execution (SCE) 4 supply-demand

management 22 mismatch 140

Supply Net Management Research Group 318, 327

Supply Network Agility and Performance (SNAP) 321

supply web 226 surface mount factories 63 survey

on manufacturing division in F&CPG industry 100

study by Stanford University and Anderson Consulting 129-30

Switching Module (SM) 211 SYS pilot supply chain 327

see also real supply chain, simulating system dynamics, theory 342

tactical planning 23-5 examples 25-30 processes 21

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 64, 130, 269

Talus Solutions 136 taxes 5-6, 153 tax rates 6 TCP/IP 116

network protocols 126 technology change, rate of 34 temporal and spatial separation of cause

and effect 317 Teradyne, Inc. 177, 185, 193

after-sales service 178-9 service parts

supply chain 192 logistics system 181

Texas Instruments 149 The Limited Inc. 247 three-dimensional concurrent engineering

(3D-CE) 113-14, 117 time supply 67-8 total cost of ownership 86 Total Quality Management 94 total supply chain performance 72 Toyota 81, 140 tracking system to trace manufacturing data 136 tradeoffs 64

curves 64-5 for entire supply chain 69

in performance 228, 240 Trading Process Network (TPN) 78-9

suppliers 85 TradingHubs.com 166 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

see TCP/IP Transora 121 transparency of demand information across supply

chain total 126 transportion bidding 250,251 Tres Cantos 213-14

Supply Chain Management organization 215 TRW 132

uncertainty 84 in quality 85 in supply nets 318

unified modeling language 299 unifying multiplicities 320 Unilever 42 United Airlines 83 United States 32, 118, 148

apparel firms 40 Department of Defense 321 Filter 151 Navy and Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) 177

United Technologies (UTC) 118

356 Index

Universal Data Network 132 UPS 110, 128 "upside" flexibility 70 Upton and McAfee's framework for electronic

connectivity 116

validity 227 of measures 240

value creation, link to 227 proposition of supply chain 72

vanilla boxes 145,150 Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) 36, 41, 65,

95, 102, 105 benefits of 41 examples 43-5 process 68 program 92 risks 42-3 systems 93

Vigilance 136 virtual resources 132-3 virtual supply chain 263 volume controls 173 Voluntary Industry Commerce Standards

Committee 129 Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Standards

(VICS) 41, 121 Voodoo 134 VW 85

W.W.Grainger 118 Wagner-Whitin method 39 Wall Street 69, 80 Wal-Mart 32, 35-6, 41, 51, 55, 65,

129, 140 Stores 247 Retail Link 97, 99

warehouse-style retail format 249 Warner-Lamber 100 Wawa Stores 100

weapon system indicator code (WSIC) 180 web-based buying 79 web-based technologies 115-17, 121

impact on supply chain coordination 114 web-enabled supply chains 122 WebTV 132 Wegmans 98, 129

supermarket chain 80 weighted forecasting algorithm 325 weighted lateness

of commitments 236 of shipments 235

Whirlpool 148 Winner Determination Problem in

combinatorial auctions 247 wireless technology 126 workflow coordination 124-5 Work-in-Process (WIP) 68, 265

inventory 71 World Chain 136 World Chemical Exchange 133 WTC Corp. 278

automated test systems manufactured by 279 customer delivery schedules 288 intranet collaboration capability 290 Hnear programming LP formulation 285-7 mathematical model, desired objectives for

283 model formulation 283-7 supply chain, decentralized 281 tool enhancements 289

Xilinx 133, 143, 145, 147 supply chain for OEM customers

XML 10

Yet2.com 132

Zara 149-50 Zero Defects 94

146

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