HIGH-RESOLUTION CT OF THE LUNG II

INDEX

Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

Acinar nodules, in tuberculosis, high-resolution CT of,85

AIDS, airway disease in, bronchiectasis with, 11pulmonary tuberculosis with, high-resolution CT of,

82Air trapping, in high-resolution CT, of airway disease,

in children, 92, 94, 96of bronchiectasis, 6of peripheral airway disease, 23

Airway disease, high-resolution CT of, in children, 92,94, 96

in AIDS, bronchiectasis with, 11peripheral. See Peripheral airway disease.tuberculous, high-resolution CT of, 81

Airway reactivity, in asthma, quantitative CT of,151–152

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, bronchiectasiswith, 15, 17–18

Aluminum lung, high-resolution CT of, 53–54Alveolar damage, diffuse, drug-induced, high-resolution

CT of, 61–62Alveolar disease, high-resolution CT of, in children, 96,

98, 100–101Amiodarone, and lung disease, high-resolution CT of,

68, 70–71Ammonia pneumonitis, high-resolution CT of, 56–57Angiography, CT, of pulmonary thromboembolic

disease, 117, 119Antimicrobials, and lung disease, high-resolution CT of,

71�1-Antitrypsin deficiency, and emphysema, 32

enzyme replacement therapy for, 41Apical caps, in chronic destructive pulmonary

tuberculosis, 81Asbestosis, high-resolution CT of, 48–52Aspergillomas, in tuberculosis, high-resolution CT of,

79, 85Aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary, bronchiectasis

with, 15, 17–18Asthma, high-resolution CT of, 23

in children, 94quantitative CT of, 151–153, 155

Atypical mycobacterial infections, bronchiectasis with,11–12, 15

Berylliosis, high-resolution CT of, 53Biopsy, transthoracic needle, of solitary pulmonary

nodule, 140–141Bleomycin, and lung disease, high-resolution CT of,

67–68

163

Bronchial asthma, high-resolution CT of, in children, 94Bronchial diameters, in bronchiectasis, 3–4Bronchiectasis, high-resolution CT of, 1–19

air trapping in, 6bronchial diameters in, 3–4clinical correlations in, 9, 11–18

AIDS-associated airway disease, 11allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, 15,

17–18atypical mycobacterial infections, 11–12, 15cystic fibrosis, 15

in children, 92in nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, 83mucoid impaction in, 5–6, 15signet ring sign in, 5techniques for, 6, 8–9versus bronchography, 2–3volumetric assessment in, 8–9

pathogenesis of, 1–2with �1-antitrypsin deficiency-induced emphysema,

36Bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of. See Peripheral

airway disease.Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia, drug-

induced, high-resolution CT of, 62–63high-resolution CT of, in children, 104

Bronchogenic dissemination, in postprimarytuberculosis, 75–76

Bronchography, of bronchiectasis, versus high-resolutionCT, 2–3

Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, allergic, bronchiectasiswith, 15, 17–18

Bronchoscopy, of solitary pulmonary nodule, 141Busulfan, and lung disease, high-resolution CT of, 67

Caplan’s syndrome, high-resolution CT of, 47Cardiovascular drugs, and lung disease, high-resolution

CT of, 68, 70–71Carmustine, and lung disease, high-resolution CT of, 67Cavitary lesions, in postprimary tuberculosis, 75

in primary tuberculosis, 74in tuberculosis, 85

Cellular bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 26–27Centriacinar emphysema, high-resolution CT of, 34

pathology of, 32–33Centrilobular opacities, in high-resolution CT, of airway

disease, in children, 96Chemical pneumonitis, high-resolution CT of, 56–57Chemotherapeutic drugs, and lung disease, high-

resolution CT of, 65–68

164 INDEX

Chlorine pneumonitis, high-resolution CT of, 57Cigarette smoking, and emphysema, 32Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, high-resolution CT of,

45–47Computed tomography, high-resolution, of lung

disease. See Lung disease.quantitative, of lung disease. See Lung disease.

Computed tomography angiography, of pulmonarythromboembolic disease, 117, 119

Computed tomography morphometry, of emphysema,41

of interstitial lung disease, 157Computed tomography venography, of pulmonary

thromboembolic disease, 114, 119Constrictive bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 23–26Cyclophosphamide, and lung disease, high-resolution

CT of, 67Cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis with, 15

high-resolution CT of, in children, 92

Deep venous thrombosis. See Pulmonary thromboembolicdisease.

Desquamative interstitial pneumonia, high-resolutionCT of, in children, 100

Diffuse alveolar damage, drug-induced, high-resolutionCT of, 61–62

Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, high-resolutionCT of, 47

Diffuse panbronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 27Distal acinar emphysema, high-resolution CT of, 36–37

pathology of, 33Drug-induced lung disease, high-resolution CT of,

61–72antimicrobials in, 71cardiovascular drugs in, 68, 70–71chemotherapeutic drugs in, 65–68

histopathology of, 61–65bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia,

62–63diffuse alveolar damage, 61–62eosinophilic pneumonia, 64–65nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, 62pulmonary hemorrhage, 65

Elastase-antielastase hypothesis, of emphysema, 32Electron beam computed tomography, of pediatric lung

disease, 91Emphysema, �1-antitrypsin-induced, enzyme

replacement therapy for, 41clinical features of, 33–34definition of, 31epidemiology of, 31–32etiology and pathogenesis of, 32high-resolution CT of, 31–42

centriacinar emphysema, 34correlation of, with pulmonary function tests, 37, 39distal acinar emphysema, 36–37focal emphysema, 45–46irregular emphysema, 37panacinar emphysema, 35–36quantitative analysis in, 39

pathology of, 32–33pulmonary function tests in, 34quantitative CT of, 149–151retinoic acid for, 41–42surgical treatment of, 39–41

End-stage pulmonary fibrosis, high-resolution CT of, inchildren, 105

Environmental lung disease. See Occupational lungdisease.

Enzyme replacement therapy, for �1-antitrypsindeficiency-induced emphysema, 41

Eosinophilic pneumonia, drug-induced, high-resolutionCT of, 64–65

Fluorodeoxyglucose, in PET, of solitary pulmonarynodule, 138

Focal emphysema, high-resolution CT of, 45–46Fungus balls, in tuberculosis, high-resolution CT of, 79,

85

Graphite pneumoconiosis, high-resolution CT of, 47–48Ground-glass opacities, in high-resolution CT, of

alveolar disease, in children, 96, 98, 100–101of asbestosis, 49

Hard metal lung disease, high-resolution CT of, 54–55High-resolution computed tomography, of lung disease.

See Lung disease.HIV infection, pulmonary tuberculosis with, high-

resolution CT of, 82Honeycombing, in high-resolution CT, of asbestosis, 49Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, high-resolution CT of,

55–56

Immunocompromised patients, pulmonary tuberculosisin, high-resolution CT of, 81–82

Infections, and bronchiectasis, 1–2mycobacterial. See Mycobacterial infections.

Interlobular septal thickening, high-resolution CT of, inchildren, 100–101

Interstitial lung disease, quantitative CT of, 155, 157–159Interstitial pneumonia, drug-induced, high-resolution

CT of, 62Intralobular core lines, in high-resolution CT, of

asbestosis, 48Irregular emphysema, high-resolution CT of, 37

pathology of, 33

Lung disease, high-resolution CT of, bronchiectasis. SeeBronchiectasis.

drug-induced disease. See Drug-induced lung disease.emphysema. See Emphysema.in children. See Pediatric lung disease.mycobacterial infections. See Mycobacterial infections.occupational. See Occupational lung disease.peripheral airway disease. See Peripheral airway

disease.pulmonary thromboembolic disease. See Pulmonary

thromboembolic disease.solitary pulmonary nodule. See Solitary pulmonary

nodule.quantitative CT of, 145–162

asthma, 151–153, 155emphysema, 39, 149–151future trends in, 159

INDEX 165

image analysis in, 146–148interstitial lung disease, 155, 157–159protocols for, 145–146

Lung transplantation, for emphysema, 39–40Lung volume reduction surgery, for emphysema, 39–41Lungs, destruction of, by tuberculosis, 79, 81Lymphadenitis, tuberculous, high-resolution CT of, 82Lymphadenopathy, in tuberculosis, 74, 85, 86

Methotrexate, and lung disease, high-resolution CT of,68

Miliary tuberculosis, high-resolution CT of, 78Mixed dust pneumoconiosis, high-resolution CT of, 45Mucoid impaction, in high-resolution CT, of

bronchiectasis, 5–6, 15Mycobacterial infections, atypical, bronchiectasis with,

11–12, 15high-resolution CT of, 73–87

determination of disease activity, 85–86extrapulmonary disease, 86nontuberculous, 82–84parenchymal tuberculosis, 84–85pulmonary tuberculosis in immunocompromised

hosts, 81–82tuberculosis in immunocompetent hosts, 73–81

chronic infection and destroyed lung, 79, 81healing of tuberculous lesions, 78–79miliary tuberculosis, 78postprimary tuberculosis, 74–76primary tuberculosis, 73–74tuberculoma, 76, 78tuberculous airway disease, 81

Needle biopsy, transthoracic, of solitary pulmonarynodule, 140–141

Neonatal lung disorders, fatal, high-resolution CT of,105

Nitrofurantoin, and lung disease, high-resolution CT of,71

Nitrogen dioxide pneumonitis, high-resolution CT of, 57Nodular septal thickening, high-resolution CT of, in

children, 101Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. See

Mycobacterial infections.Nuclear medicine studies, of solitary pulmonary

nodule, 138, 140

Obliterative bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 23–26in children, 94, 96

Occupational lung disease, high-resolution CT of, 43–59aluminum lung, 53–54asbestosis, 48–52berylliosis, 53chemical pneumonitis, 56–57coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, 45–47graphite pneumoconiosis, 47–48hard metal lung disease, 54–55hypersensitivity pneumonitis, 55–56mixed dust pneumoconiosis, 45silicosis, 43–45talcosis, 52welder’s lung, 52–53

Panacinar emphysema, high-resolution CT of, 35–36pathology of, 33

Panbronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 27Paraseptal emphysema, high-resolution CT of, 36–37

pathology of, 33Parenchymal bands, in high-resolution CT, of asbestosis,

49Parenchymal focus, in postprimary tuberculosis, 75

in primary tuberculosis, 74in pulmonary thromboembolic disease, 116

Parenchymal tuberculosis, high-resolution CT of, 84–85Pediatric lung disease, high-resolution CT of, 89–110

airway disease, 92, 94, 96alveolar disease, 96, 98, 100–101electron beam CT in, 91fatal neonatal lung diseases, 105image quality in, 89–90indications for, 89lung volume in, 90pulmonary nodules and small masses, 101–104stop ventilation technique in, 92technique for, 90–91vascular disorders, 104–105

Peripheral airway disease, anatomy and physiology of,21–22

high-resolution CT of, 21–29air trapping in, 23asthma, 23cellular bronchiolitis, 26–27constrictive bronchiolitis, 23–26panbronchiolitis, 27pitfalls of, 28proliferative bronchiolitis, 23respiratory bronchiolitis, 27–28respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease, 28

Plain films, of pulmonary thromboembolic disease, 112Pleural focus, in pulmonary thromboembolic disease,

116Pleural plaques, in high-resolution CT, of asbestosis, 51Pleural thickening, in high-resolution CT, of asbestosis,

51of tuberculosis, 86

Pneumoconiosis, high-resolution CT of. See Occupationallung disease.

Pneumonia, desquamative interstitial, high-resolutionCT of, in children, 100

drug-induced, high-resolution CT of, 62, 64–65Pneumonitis, high-resolution CT of, 55–57Pneumonitis of infancy, high-resolution CT of, 98, 100Positron emission tomography, of solitary pulmonary

nodule, 138Proliferative bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 23Pseudoplaques, in high-resolution CT, of coal workers’

pneumoconiosis, 46–47Pulmonary embolism. See Pulmonary thromboembolic

disease.Pulmonary fibrosis, end-stage, high-resolution CT of, in

children, 105Pulmonary function tests, in emphysema, 34

correlation of, with high-resolution CT, 37, 39Pulmonary hemorrhage, drug-induced, high-resolution

CT of, 65Pulmonary nodules, high-resolution CT of, in children,

101–104solitary. See Solitary pulmonary nodule.

Pulmonary thromboembolic disease, clinical features of,112

follow-up of, 119high-resolution CT of, 111–122

accuracy of, 117, 119artifacts in, 116–117future trends in, 120

166 INDEX

Pulmonary thromboembolic disease (Continued)interpretation of, 114–116pitfalls in, 116–117technique for, 113–114

incidence of, 112pathophysiology of, 111–112plain films of, 112

Quantitative computed tomography, of lung disease.See Lung disease.

Respiratory bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 27–28Respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease, high-

resolution CT of, 28Retinoic acid, for emphysema, 41–42Rounded atelectasis, in high-resolution CT, of

asbestosis, 51

Septal thickening, high-resolution CT of, in children,100–101

Signet ring sign, in high-resolution CT, ofbronchiectasis, 5

Silicosis, high-resolution CT of, 43–45Smoker’s bronchiolitis, high-resolution CT of, 27–28Smoking, and emphysema, 32Solitary pulmonary nodule, bronchoscopy of, 141

clinical features of, 125–126definition of, 123–125density and internal characteristics of, 128–129, 133–

134bubbly lucencies, 133–134calcification, 128–129cavitation, 129, 133fat, 129

differential diagnosis of, 125growth of, 126–127high-resolution CT of, 123–143

contrast enhancement in, 134, 136–138margins of, 134PET of, 138

size of, 126technetium scintigraphy of, 138, 140thoracotomy for, 142transthoracic needle biopsy of, 140–141video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for, 141–142

Stop ventilation technique, in high-resolution CT, ofpediatric lung disease, 92

Subpleural curvilinear lines, in high-resolution CT, ofasbestosis, 48–49

Subpleural emphysema, high-resolution CT of, 36–37pathology of, 33

Subpleural isolated dots, in high-resolution CT, ofasbestosis, 49, 51

Surfactant B deficiency, high-resolution CT of, inneonates, 105

Swyer-James syndrome, high-resolution CT of, 25–26

Talcosis, high-resolution CT of, 52Thoracoscopic surgery, video-assisted, for solitary

pulmonary nodule, 141–142Thoracotomy, for solitary pulmonary nodule, 142Transthoracic needle biopsy, of solitary pulmonary

nodule, 140–141Tree-in-bud pattern, in high-resolution CT, of cellular

bronchiolitis, 26–27Tuberculomas, high-resolution CT of, 76, 78Tuberculosis. See Mycobacterial infections.

Vascular disorders, pulmonary, high-resolution CT of, inchildren, 104–105

Venography, CT, of pulmonary thromboembolic disease,114, 119

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, for solitarypulmonary nodule, 141–142

Virchow’s triad, in pulmonary thromboembolic disease,111

Volumetric assessment, of bronchiectasis, 8–9

Welder’s lung, high-resolution CT of, 52–53