index [harringtonparkpress.com] · 472 aarp, 240 abbas, hakima, 349 abbott, alysia, 224–225...

472

AARP, 240Abbas, Hakima, 349Abbott, Alysia, 224–225Abbott, Steve, 224–225Abdi, Shadee, 347Abdullah, Daaylee, 299Aberrations of Black (Ferguson), 220–221ableist privilege, 120Abrahamic faiths, 284, 300, 302, 442. See

also Christianity; Islam; Judaismabstinence-only education programs, 349Academy Awards, 395, 398Accord Alliance, 109ace, 80, 444. See also asexuality/asexualsACT UP: art and politics joined in work

of, 377, 393–394; Christianity and interventionist work of, 296; founding of, 263, 398; lesbian engagement with, 271; political marches of, 385; Queer Nation founding and, 316, 453–454; “Silence = Death” slogan of, 392, 393

ACT UP Paris, 398Adam4Adam (gay dating/hookup site),

159Adams, Tony E., 73, 216Adolescence (Hall), 71adolescence/adolescents: binaries during,

4; body development during, 364; defined, 442; “gay” usage during, 21; identity development during, 62–63; Latinx, queer desires of, 169–171; les-bian, 169, 368–370; medical/surgical interventions for, 93, 97, 116; queer, health issues of, 254–255, 259–260, 269; queer coming out during, 71, 74–77; sexual development during, 48; sexual identities of, 194; transgender, 96, 169–170, 340, 370–373; use of term, 71. See also young adult fiction

adoptions, 236, 341, 342, 347Advocate (magazine), 153, 178aesthetics, 376–377, 378, 442. See also

queer aesthetics“affective differences,” 177

Afghani Americans, 179Africa, 261, 269, 313, 347–351African Americans: as artists, 390; bodies

of, 154–155; down low narrative and, 162, 172; family and, 162–163; gay male, 390, 398; Great Migration of, 155–156; hate crimes against, 337; HIV infection among, 163–164, 269, 270, 390, 398; as homophobic, 330; Latinx people and, 165; queer, 156–161, 162–164, 180; queer activ-ism reaching out to, 325; same-sex marriage and, 330–331; slavery legacy of, 153–155; stereotypes/miscon-ceptions about, 155, 159, 162, 330; transgender, 270

African American studies, 196, 210African diaspora, 163African Union, 347Afrocentrism, 156After the Wrath of God (Petro), 296Against Equality, 330–331Against Equality (ed. Conrad), 169agender, 28–29, 442age-of-consent laws, 327aging: successful, 234, 235, 238, 240. See

also older queer peopleagnosticism, 309, 310, 313Ahmed, Sara, 87–88, 89AIDS activism, 262–263, 264, 453, 454AIDS and Accusation (Farmer), 260–261AIDS charities, 395–396AIDS Commission, 394AIDS Committee of Toronto, 181AIDS epidemic, 451; in Africa, 349, 351;

African Americans and, 163–164, 269, 270, 390, 398; art and politics during, 377; Buddhism and, 436–437; celeb-rity deaths from, 275, 400; Christian responses to, 296, 436; chronology of, 262, 263–264, 268–269; closeted married men and, 57; commodifica-tion of, 399–400; deaths from, 36, 64, 163–164, 225; “end” of, 269–270;

INDEX

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INDEX 473

family impact of, 225; gay men and, 161, 289–290, 334; Latinx people and, 172; lesbians and, 270–271; MSM and, 162; older queer people and, 234–235, 238–239; origins of, 260–262; public awareness about, 181, 225; queer edu-cation and, 210; queer linguistic histo-ry and, 14–15, 28; same-sex marriage and, 329–330; vampire interest during, 363; in young adult fiction, 365, 390. See also AIDS epidemic—artistic responses to; HIV/AIDS

AIDS epidemic—artistic responses to: art-ists responsible for, 388–389; in dance, 400–402; in film/TV, 395, 396–398; Issues for Investigation, 406; literary/poetic, 390–391; musical, 395–396; in performance art, 402–406; theatrical, 398–400; in visual arts, 391–395

AIDS Memorial Quilt, 263, 269, 394–395, 396, 400, 451

AIDS ministries, 163AIDS narratives, 390–391AIDS research, 395AIDS Ward Scherzo (R. Savage), 396“AIDS widows,” 64Alabama, 333Alameddine, Rabih, 391alcohol, 253–254, 386Alcott, Louisa May, 364algebra, 199All about Eve (film; 1950), 268Allah, 297, 345Allen, John D., 278Allen, O. C., III, 163Allen, Paula Gunn, 152–153allies, 28, 128, 209Allison, Dorothy, 143–146“Alternative Publications and the Visual-

ization of Fat and Queer Eroto-Poli-tics” (Snider), 257

Althusser, Louis, 45, 449Amazon Video, 351American Baptists, 291American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU),

327American exceptionalism, 121

American Hookup (Wade), 226–228American Indians, 148. See also Native

AmericansAmerican Library Association, 370American Poetry Review, 160–161American Psychological Association

(APA), 248, 249, 252, 328, 426–428American Religious Identification Survey

(ARIS), 309Americans with Disabilities Act (ACA;

1990), 264amyl nitrite, 254anal sex, 172, 182, 303, 327, 328, 343, 346Anderson, Benedict, 15Anderson-Minshall, Diane, 153androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS),

372androgynes/androgyny, 28–29, 290, 308,

314, 442And Tango Makes Three (Richardson and

Parnell), 199–200And the Band Played On (Shilts), 261, 452“. . . And Then I Became Gay” (Savin-

Williams), 76–77Angel of History, The (Alameddine), 391Angels in America (Kushner), 398–399anima/animus, 306Animal Farm (Orwell), 352–353Annabel (Winter), 110–111Annie on My Mind (Garden), 369–370anomalous features, 104anorexia, 255–256Another Day (Levithan), 373anti-bullying programs, 216anticommunism, 316, 334, 385, 399antidiscrimination legislation, 299antidiscrimination policies, 215antiracism, 323antiretroviral therapy, 269–270anxiety, 340Anzaldúa, Gloria, 165, 166–167, 168Aphrodite (Greek deity), 105apologetics, 294Appiah, Kwame Anthony, 353–354Appleby, George Alan, 137Arab American National Museum, 391




474 INDEX

Arab countries, 344–345Ardhanari (Hindu avatar), 301Aristophanes, 47Arizona, 196Armstrong, Karen, 297aromantic, 28–29, 442art: “degenerate,” in Nazi Germany,

369–370; Issues for Investigation, 406–407; for its own sake, 376–377, 378; performance, 402–406, 452–453; “victim,” 402; visual, 391–395. See also AIDS epidemic—artistic respons-es to; young adult fiction

art education, 201Artemis (Greek deity), 105Artemis Singers (Chicago), 388, 428–434Arthur, John, 332artisans, 133artistic signatures, 391arts organizations, 226A-’s, 28–29asexuality/asexuals, 16, 28–29, 80–83,

277, 442“Asexuality 101” (Decker), 82–83Asgari, Mahmoud, 346, 347Asia, 351Asian Americans, 165; Christianization

and, 188–189; model minority myth of, 188; pan-ethnic identity of, 179; queer men, 179–186, 227, 294; queer women, 186–187; silence and, 180

As Nature Made Him (Colapinto), 107Assange, Julian, 99assimilation, 319assisted-living facilities, 240atheism, 309–313Athey, Ron, 402athletics. See sportsAtkinson, Ti-Grace, 23Atlantic, 123, 183–185Augsburg College, 312Australia, 351–352autoethnography, 73autogynephilic, 442AVEN (Asexuality Visibility and Educa-

tion Network), 81, 442

aversion therapy, 246–247, 443Ayoub, Philip, 341–342

backslanging, 37Bagemihl, Bruce, 94Bahamas, the, 261Bailey, J. Michael, 103Bakeman, Roger, 74–75Baker, Jack, 329Baker, Paul, 34–35, 36Balancing on the Mechitza (Dzmura), 289Balay, Anne, 136–139Baldwin, James, 156–157Baldwin, Tammy, 326ballet, 74ballot measures, 323, 324–325, 443Baltimore, 379–380Barcellos, Lisset, 111bar culture/bars, 135, 136, 158–159, 222,

225, 253–254Barrie, J. M., 16Bastard Out of Carolina (Allison),

143–144bathroom bills, 202, 340bathrooms, 214, 339–341Baum, L. Frank, 364–365BBC, 35–36, 111, 370BDSM (bondage/discipline/sadomasoch-

ism), 144, 294, 319–320, 386bearding, 124, 126bears, 258Beast (Spangler), 372Beautiful Music for Ugly Children (Cronn-

Mills), 371Bechdel, Alison, 237Beckett, Samuel, 399Bede the Venerable, 439behavioral conditioning, 250Bem, Daryl J., 51–52, 252, 446Benjamin, Harry, 92–93, 113Bentley, Gladys, 156berdache, 149, 150, 443. See also

Two-Spirit peopleBerger, Helen A., 308–309, 438Berry, Keith, 215–216




INDEX 475

Bérubé, Allan, 65bestiality, 141, 326“Beyond Same-Sex Marriage” (petition),

331Beyond the Down Low (Boykin), 162Bieber, Irving, 250Biennale Internationale de Danse (Lyon,

France; 1994), 402“bi-erasure,” 79Big Bang Theory, The (TV show), 15–16,

81Big Mind, 436Bildungsroman, 390bilingualism, 166–167Bill T. Jones/Arnie Zane Dance Company,

401binaries: deconstruction of, 3–4; defined,

443; in gender identities, 99, 205, 289, 330, 339, 363; genetic, 94–95; intersex people and, 104; Latinx people and, 165; in linguistic reclamations, 17; queer/non-queer, 412; queer spirituality traditions and, 311; religion and, 284; school reinforcement of, 195, 205; in sexual orientation, 56, 205; trans mar-riages and, 233–234; Two-Spirit people and, 150; Wicca and, 308

biopolitics, 245biopower, 245, 252, 443biphobism, 24birtherism, 316–317Birth of the Clinic, The (Foucault), 245bisexuality/bisexuals: aging, 239; Asian

American, 186–187; coming out expe-riences of, 74, 75–76, 79–80; dating/hookup sites for, 228; defined, 443; Freudian view of, 46, 50; invisibility of, 244; Jewish view of, 290; Latino, 173–174; lesbians identified as, 78; linguistic history of, 23–24; MSM and, 161–162; neglect of, 79; as parents, 410; pathologization of, 81–82; queer theology and, 295; terms associated with, 40; Two-Spirit people vs., 149; types of, 83–84; as undertheorized, 14; use of term, 55, 56, 348–349; Wicca and, 309

bisexual sensibility, 358Bishop-Stall, Reilley, 150

black church, 163–164, 330Blackmun, Harry, 328black studies, 210blacktinos, 164Blair, Zachary, 158Blanchard, Ray, 103Blanco, Richard, 174–175, 421–423blue-collar workers, 133–134. See also

working classBly, Robert, 435Bodies That Matter (Butler), 87body: black, 154–155; of Christ, 293–

294; of color, 176–177; dance and, 400; defined, 443; defining, 86–90; dissatisfaction with, 256; docile, 4, 320; female, and gay men, 376; gay Asian, 181–182; healthy, and queers, 271–272; idealized, 256; lower-class, 140–141; queer theory and, 87. See also queer bodies

body politic, 89, 100body shame/shaming, 387, 443Bogaert, Anthony, 81, 82Bohème, La (Puccini), 399, 400Bohemian Rhapsody (film; 2018), 396Bona Drag (album; Morrissey), 35Bond, D. Stephenson, 440book burnings, 369–370BookRiot, 369–370Boots of Leather, Slippers of Gold (Kenne-

dy and Davis), 135, 225Borderlands/La Frontera (Anzaldúa),

166–167Borrowed Time (Monette), 390Boswell, John, 232, 292–293Both (film; 2005), 111“bottoms,” 294Bourdieu, Pierre, 324bourgeoisie, 53, 54, 330Bowers, Michael J., 327Bowers v. Hardwick, 327–328Bowie, David, 8, 395Boy Erased (Conley), 251–252Boy George (singer), 375Boykin, Keith, 162Boy Scouts of America, 224Boys on the Side (film; 1995), 398




476 INDEX

Boystown (Chicago), 158BPM (Beats per Minute) (film; 2017), 398bracketing, 88Brahman, 300brain, 87, 94Brant, Beth, 152Breathing Darrell (performance art piece;

Dillard), 403–406, 412Bressan, Arthur, Jr., 397Briggs Initiative, 324, 325Brilliant Imperfection (Clare), 280British Petroleum (BP), 126–127Broadway plays, 398–399Brokeback Mountain (film; 2005),

360–361“Brokeback Mountain” (Proulx), 360Brontsema, Robin, 13, 14, 16–17, 18Brooklyn Academy of Music (New York),

402Brown, Jerry, 341Brown, Ricardo J., 225–226Brown, Shirley, 207Browne, John, 126–129Browne, Kath, 387, 412brownness, 165, 168, 178Bryant, Anita, 324Bucholtz, Mary, 38Buckley, William F., 394“buck” stereotype, 155Budapest, Zsuzsanna, 308Buddhism, 299–300, 302–304, 434–437Buddies (film; 1985), 397“Building a GLOBE in Nebraska” (Heine-

man), 423–426Bullied (Berry), 216bullying, 194; anti-bullying programs, 216;

in elementary schools, 215–216; of gay men, 212–214; of gender-nonconform-ing children, 202–203, 205–207, 340; verbal, 202; in young adult fiction, 374

Burke, Kenneth, 12butch/femme conventions, 135, 169,

186–187, 381, 443But I’m a Cheerleader! (film; 1999), 383Butler, Judith, 87–88, 124, 134, 175, 259,

338

butyl nitrite, 254Byrd, James, Jr., 338

Calafell, Bernadette Marie, 178California, 196–197, 205–207, 241, 324,

325, 331, 341Cambridge University, 126Cammermeyer, Margarethe, 335camp: as apolitical, 379; defined, 443–444;

irony and, 378; Issues for Investiga-tion, 406; lesbian, 380, 381–383; in popular culture, 379–380; scholarship on, 378–379; as sexist, 380–381

Campbell, Bobbi, 262Campfield, Stacey, 208Canada, 149, 181–182, 253, 332, 352Cancer Journals, The (Lorde), 160cannibalism, 154Cant (secret criminal language), 34capitalism, 52–53, 54, 444Carbado, Devon W., 317–318, 321Carpenter, Dale, 328Cass, Vivienne, 75Cassara, Joseph, 384Cather, Willa, 211Catholicism, 35; antigay attitudes of, 342;

atheist view of value of, 313; camp satires of, 379; celibacy vows in, 295; in Christian binary, 291; in EU, 342; female reproductive rights and, 290; Native American cultures and, 152, 156; queer historical scholarship on, 232–233; sexual abuse scandals of, 295–296; transubstantiation belief in, 293; Xicanos(as) and, 168–169

“Celebrating Ostara” (Gentile), 437–441censorship, 338, 342–343, 348Centers for Disease Control and Preven-

tion, 172, 262, 269Central America, 351Chand, Dutee, 274Charlotte’s Web (White), 374–376Chase, Cheryl, 27–28, 106, 109“chasers,” 257Chauncey, George, 13, 69Chechen Republic, 343




INDEX 477

Cheng, Patrick, 294–295Cherokee tribe, 151Chicago, 265, 266, 267, 312; AIDS

epidemic in, 396–397; Democratic National Convention in (1968), 53; drag-ball culture in, 222; “gaybor-hoods” in, 139, 158; “gayby boomers” in, 241–242; lesbian feminist chorus in, 388; queer sports leagues in, 274; racism in, 158

Chicago Tribune, 388Chicanos(as), 165–166, 168Chicano Spanish language, 167child custody, 235–236children: custody battles over, 235–236; of

gay men, 124; gender-nonconforming, 252; intersex, “sexing” of, 104, 107–108, 110; queer, 364; of queer parents, 221, 223–225, 235–237, 410; sexual identities of, 194; trans-identified, 340. See also education; elementary education/schools; high school; middle school; schools; young adult fiction

Children’s Book Council, 367Children’s Hospital (TV series), 111China, 300Chinese immigrants, 179, 180–181choice, 70, 78Christadora (Murphy), 391Christianity: in Africa, 349, 350; African

Americans and, 163–164; AIDS crisis and, 296, 436; body in, 293–294; “conversion experiences” to, 312; evangelical, 273, 349; growth of, 296; heteronormativity and, 156; homopho-bia and, 297; iconography of, 293–294; lesbians and, 304; Leviticus rules in, 288; Lot story in, 284–287, 326; in Middle East, 344; missionaries, 151; Native American attitudes and, 151; as nonmonolithic, 291; queer theology in, 292–296, 304; reparative therapy based in, 250; same-sex relations as pro-hibited in, 284–288, 292–293; sports and, 273; as threat to queer people, 310–311; Trinity in, 294. See also Catholicism; Protestantism

Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homo-sexuality (Boswell), 232, 292–293

Christianization, 188–189Christine Jorgensen: A Personal Autobiog-

raphy (Jorgensen), 113Cinquemani, Sal, 395cisgender identity, 8, 26, 60, 244, 270, 384cisgenderism/cisgender people: as actors

playing trans people, 98; AIDS art authored by, 389; binaries and, 99; defined, 26, 99, 444; education and, 320; intersex people and, 110; jotería and, 176; as normative, 234, 320; as psychologists evaluating trans people, 103; queer people vs., 229, 235; romantic relationships of, 229; trans-gender exclusion and, 325, 337; the uncanny and, 363–364; as young adult fiction authors, 370–371, 372

citizenship: Cold-War mindset of, 385; defined, 316–317; heterosexuality and, 319; homonormativity/homonational-ism and, 320–323; Issues for Investi-gation, 352–354; middle-class, 320; naturalization vs., 317–318; public sphere and, 318–320; queer, 316, 323; same-sex marriage and, 323, 329; trans/intersex people and, 337–341, 345. See also queer politics; United States—queer politics in

City of Refuge (Oakland, CA), 163, 164civic life, 199–200civil commitments, 330civil rights, 123, 327civil rights activism, 56, 157civil unions, 341Clare, Eli, 276, 280Clarke, Eric O., 318–320class: defined, 444; distinctions between,

129; Issues for Investigation, 145–146; lower-class queers, 141–143; mid-dle-class queers, 129–132; privilege and, 118–119; queer bonding and, 229; shifts in, 131, 139–140; Spot-light on Literature, 143–145; up-per-middle-class queers, 124–129; in USA, 121–122; whiteness and, 118,




478 INDEX

123–124, 158–159; working-class queers, 133–140

classism, 139Cleage, Pearl, 390Clementi, James, 213Clementi, Tyler, 194, 212–213Clements-Nolle, Kristen, 259–260“clinical gaze,” 104Clinton, Bill, 162, 269, 331, 335Close, Glenn, 335closet, the: Christianity and, 296; com-

ing-in stage of, 216; coming out and, 72–73, 132; defined, 444; gay married men in, 57; “glass,” 127–129; hookup culture and, 227–228; Persian, 347; working-class queers and, 137–138. See also coming out

cocaine, 254code-switching, 32–34, 446cognitive dissonance, 310cognitive therapy, 250Cohen, Kenneth, 258Cohn, Roy, 399Colapinto, John, 107Cold War, 385, 399College, Career, and Civic Life (C3)

Framework, 216–217college/university: binaries reinforced at,

195; faculty at, 211; gender identity/sexual orientation policies at, 214–215; homophobia at, 249; hookup culture at, 226–228; housing options at, 214–215; queer students bullied at, 194–195, 212–214; queer studies programs at, 210–211; religious, 215; residential, 211–213; Schoolworld at, 211–216; sports at, 272–274; trans issues at, 214–215; trans visibility at, 195, 214

colonialism, 151, 301, 348–349, 350, 352Colorado, 324Color Purple, The (film; 1985), 160Color Purple, The (Walker), 160Columbus, Christopher, 165coming out: bilingual identity and, 166;

class and, 125; the closet and, 72–73, 132; defined, 444; of gay male athletes, 272; as identity integration type,

68–70; by Latinx people, 171; as LGB, 71; literary portrayals of, 74; models of, 74–80; use of term, 63, 69

Coming Out under Fire (Bérubé), 65comintern/homintern, 316, 444commitment ceremonies, 232Common Core: defined, 444; homopho-

bic assertions about, 196; logic of, 197–198; standards set by, 197–198

communality, 307communitarianism, 307community, 133–134, 137, 384–388Community of Witches, A (Berger),

308–309companionate relationships, 231, 444“Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian

Existence” (Rich), 22–23concentration camps, 343concordance, 57, 444–445condoms, 182, 296, 351Confession of the Fox (Rosenberg), 384conformity, 320congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), 106Congress for Sexual Reform (1921), 319Congressional Cemetery (Washington,

DC), 334Conley, Garrard, 251–252conscription, 333“consensually nonmonogamous” (CNM),

230conservatism, 151, 385, 394Conservative Judaism, 288, 289conservative think tanks, 251conversion therapy, 250–252, 454Cooper, Anderson, 32, 125, 128, 142Cooper, Sheldon, 81Cooper, Wyatt, 125Coquille tribe, 151Corbett, Ken, 207Corigliano, John, 396cosmopolitanism, 352coteaching, 197“covering,” 216Cox, Laverne, 98, 164Coyote (Native American trickster hero),

152




INDEX 479

Coyote, Peter, 435creative economies, 127Creative Loafing (newspaper), 143cripqueer, 453critical race theory, 5, 89, 148, 294,

317–318Croce, Arlene, 402Cronn-Mills, Kirstin, 371cross-dressers, 90, 91–92Croteau, Jon Derek, 256Cruising Utopia (Muñoz), 412Cuba, 173Cuban immigrants, 174–175Cuban(o) Americans, 165cubs, 258Culture Club (band), 375Currah, Paisley, 99, 100curriculum development: LGBT-inclusive,

196–197, 210–211; pedagogy vs., 199cyberbullying, 194, 212–213

Dade County (FL), 324Daily Beast, 346–347Dalai Lama, 303Dallas Buyers Club (film; 2013), 389Dalton School (New York, NY), 125dance, 74, 227, 400–402dance floor, 177–178, 412Daniels, April, 372–373Danish Girl, The (Ebershoff), 112Danish Girl, The (film; 2015), 112dating sites, 159Daughters of Bilitis, 321–322, 385Davis, Bette, 268Davis, Judy, 335Davis, Kim, 318, 333Davis, Madeline D., 135, 136, 225Davis, Whitney, 220, 376Day Eazy-E Died, The (Hardy), 390Deaf people, 67, 170debutante balls, 69“Decay of Lying, The” (Wilde), 377Decker, Julie Sondra, 81, 82–83deconstructionism, 3DeFelice, Robert, 277

Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA; 1996), 331–332

DeFilippis, Joseph, 331DeGeneres, Ellen, 319, 325deindustrialization, 139–140DeLaria, Lea, 91, 381“delectable Negro” trope, 154Delusions of Gender (Fine), 25dementia, 437D’Emilio, John, 155Demme, Jonathan, 397demobilization, 320–321democracy, 53Democratic National Convention (Chica-

go; 1968), 53Denver (CO), 262–263, 361depersonalization, 227–228desire: defined, 445; defining, 44–46; eth-

ics of, 45; heterosexual, 45; homosex-ual, 46–47, 50–51, 54–55; of intersex people, 109–110; lesbian, 382–383; romantic attraction vs., 56–58, 60. See also queer desire

Desiring Arabs (Massad), 344Details magazine, 185Detroit, 222deviation, 247Devore, Tiger, 110dharma, 301, 302diabetes, 141diachronic linguistics, 12, 447Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Men-

tal Disorders (DSM), 106, 246, 247, 280, 445–446

Diamond, Lisa, 45, 56–57, 60, 78–79, 446Diamond, Milton, 103Diana (Roman deity), 308–309Diane Linkletter Story, The (film; 1970),

380Díaz, Rafael M., 172–174Didrikson, Babe, 273Dietrich, Marlene, 114Dietz, Steve, 399Differences (feminist journal), 15dignity, 332Dillard, Scott, 403–406, 412




480 INDEX

disabilities, people with: camp and, 382–383; families of origin of, 66; fetishizing of, 279–280; identity devel-opment of, 67; queer people and, 66; queer sexuality and, 276–280; Special Olympics, 275–276

disability studies, 89Discipline and Punish (Foucault), 245disco, 395–396discordance, 57, 66, 444–445discrimination, 101–103“Discussing the Undiscussable” (Croce),

402disidentification, 150, 167, 177, 447dispossession, 165Divelbess, Diane, 335diversity, in school curricula, 195–197Divine (drag queen), 380divorce, 64Dixon, Melvin, 388Do I Sound Gay? (documentary film;

2015), 31Dolan, Jill, 412domestic partnerships, 330Donne, John, 291Donovan, John, 367–368Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell policy, 65, 333,

335–336, 445“Don’t Say Gay” bill (TN; 2011), 207–208Dorothy Must Die (Paige), 365Dorsey, Issan (Thomas), 303–304,

434–437Doty, Alexander, 5, 6, 358–359down low (DL), 162, 172, 445“Do Ya Wanna Funk?” (song; Sylvester),

395drag: appeal of, 91–92; -ball culture, 69,

222–223, 384; outmoded clichéd tradi-tions of, 392–393; spiritual aspect of, 306. See also drag kings; drag queens

drag clubs, 412, 434drag kings, 91, 358, 381Dragon Lady stereotype, 186drag queens, 8; African American, 156,

163, 164; Asian American, 183–185, 188; camp and, 380, 383–384; defined,

91, 445; drag kings as equivalent to, 381; as political activists, 379, 386; transgender women vs., 383–384; trans sensibility and, 358

Drake, Robert, 441Dreadnought (Daniels), 372–373Dreger, Alice, 108drinking, 235, 253–254Driskill, Qwo-Li, 149–150drug abuse, 141, 161, 435“drug cocktails,” 269DSD, 28, 106dualism, 306, 314, 436Du Bois, W. E. B., 120Dubowski, Sandi Simcha, 289Dude, You’re a Fag (Pascoe), 194Duffy, Nick, 383Dugas, Gaétan, 261, 452Duggan, Lisa, 320dyads, 231–232dyke: black women as, 161; “diesel,” 39;

drag kings and, 381; identification as, 152; “predatory,” 272, 273; use of, in school contexts, 205; use of term, 32, 175; in young adult fiction, 367, 369

“Dykes on Bikes,” 319–320dysphoria, 280. See also gender dysphoriaDzmura, Noach, 289–290

Earl, Nancy, 326Early Frost, An (TV drama), 396–397Earth, 305, 307eating disorders, 255–256ecofeminism, 309, 387economics education, 199Edelman, Lee, 410education, 188; abstinence-only, 349;

current tensions in, 195; Issues for Investigation, 216–217; middle/high school, 205–209, 210, 211, 216–217; safe-sex, 296. See also college/univer-sity; elementary education/schools; Schoolworld

Edwalds, Loraine, 388, 428–434effeminacy, 95, 131–132, 305–306Egg at Easter, An (Newall), 439




INDEX 481

ego, 48, 446Ekine, Sokari, 349Elbe, Lili, 112, 113, 114–115electroconvulsive therapy (ECT; electric

shock therapy), 247, 250–251elementary education/schools: Common

Core standards for, 197–198; impor-tance of, 197; Issues for Investigation, 216–217; in language arts, 198–199; in mathematical/quantitative literacy, 199; queer inclusion in, 196–197, 198, 199, 200–201, 204; Schoolworld in, 201–203, 215–216; in science, 199, 200–201; in social studies/history, 199–200, 216–217; teachers/adults and, 203–204

Eliade, Mircea, 440Eliason, Michael, 253Ellis, Havelock, 50emotionality, distanced, 227–228empiricism, 245employment discrimination, 341English language, 166, 167Enlightenment philosophy, 245, 376E. O. Green Junior High School (Oxnard,

CA), 205–207epistemology, 5–6, 73Epistemology of the Closet (Sedgwick), 72Epstein, Joy, 207Erdrich, Louise, 152Erikson, Erik, 61–63, 74, 84, 457eros, 48, 448eroticism, 220, 252“erotics of place,” 150escorts, 127Espionage Act, 336Espiritu, Yen Le, 179ethnicity, 130, 148, 189–190, 337ethnic studies, 196ethnography, 223Eubanks, Robert, 328eugenics movement, 141, 278Eugenides, Jeffrey, 110Europe, Western, 253European Convention on Human Rights,

343

European Court of Human Rights, 343European Union (EU), 341–342Evening Crowd at Kirmser’s, The (R.

Brown), 225–226Every Day (Levithan), 373Excitable Speech (Butler), 338ex-gay therapy. See reparative therapyExodus Global Alliance/International, 251exotic becomes erotic, 252, 448extracurricular activities, 208extramarital sex, 230

Faerie Queene, The (Spenser), 306faggot: machismo and Spanish equivalents

for, 172; transgender women and, 336, 337; use of, in school contexts, 194, 203, 205; use of term, 32, 175–176

failure, 410–413, 446Fain, Nathan, 262fairy, 13, 305–306, 395Fairyland (A. Abbott), 224–225Faitheist (Stedman), 311–313Falsettos (Finn), 398Faludi, Stefanie, 236Faludi, Susan, 236Falwell, Jerry, 296, 394familial neglect, 207Families We Choose (Weston), 221–222family: assumptions about, 214; of choice,

66, 221–223, 224–225, 226, 229, 235, 446; as coteachers, 197; extended, 237–238; latinidad and, 170, 174; le-gal/social definition of, 331; messages about constitution of, 203; nuclear, 52, 235, 238, 331; of origin, 66, 224, 235, 237–238, 330, 446; queer, 223–225; use of term, 220

Farizan, Sara, 345–346Farmer, Paul, 260–261Farrow, Kenyon, 330–331fatalism, 174Fat Gay Men (Whitesel), 257–258FaT GiRL (’zine), 257Fausto-Sterling, Anne, 25, 94–95, 106Feder, Ellen K., 108Feinberg, Leslie, 25




482 INDEX

Feinstein, Robert, 279FEMA, 165“female masculinity,” 91, 135femininity: Asian American men and,

180–183; Asian American women and, 186–187; camp and exaggeration of, 380–383; female athletes and, 272; gender norms of, 114, 134–135; gender spectrum and, 95; in Jungian psychol-ogy, 306; Latinx people and, 176, 382; lesbian camp and, 382; male, 135, 215, 216, 249, 255, 256, 350–351, 395–396; Two-Spirit people and, 150

feminism, 56; camp as viewed in, 380–381; choice and, 70; ecofeminism, 309, 387; gender roles and, 370; lesbi-anism and, 22–23, 78, 152–153, 159, 210, 388; Native American, 152–153; race and, 159–160; spirituality and, 308–309; third-wave, 370. See also feminism, second-wave

feminism, second-wave: butch/femme dynamic and, 169; feminist scholar-ship during, 93; gender roles and, 370; lesbians during, 22, 78, 210; queer theology and, 295; race and, 159

feminist studies, 89, 93, 210feminist theory, 5, 380feminization, 180–183, 184–185Ferguson, Roderick, 220–221, 229fetishes, 279–280Fetterly, Judith, 211Fierstein, Harvey, 380film, 395, 397–398Final Interlude, The (Roloff and Lock-

hart), 62Fine, Cordelia, 25, 94, 95Finn, Charlotte, 365Finn, William, 398First Nations, 149Fisher, M. F. K., 267Fitzhugh, Louise, 365–367Florida, 241Florida International University, 174Floyd, Frank, 74–75Focus on the Family, 251Fordham University, 317

FORGE (transgender antiviolence net-work), 239

Forster, E. M., 211Foucault, Michel, 4, 13–14, 79, 104, 194,

245, 252, 320Four Scenes in a Harsh Life (performance

art piece; Athey), 402France, student unrest in (1968), 53–54Frank, Barney, 325–326Frankenstein (Shelley), 359, 363Franklin, Benjamin, 333Freaks and Geeks (TV series), 111Freud, Anna, 48Freud, Sigmund: on desire, 44, 46; on

heterosexuality, 26, 46; influence of, 54, 55–56, 61, 74; personality model of, 48, 446, 450; queer sexual desire theory of, 48–51, 246; reparative ther-apy and, 250; transvestism and, 90; on the uncanny, 361–362, 365

Friedan, Betty, 159Friedrich, Caspar, 359Friends (TV series), 111Friends Hospital (Philadelphia), 249From the Notebooks of Melanin Sun

(Woodson), 160Frum, David, 123Fry, Stephen, 313Fryer, John E., 249–250, 281, 426–428fundamentalism, 310Funder, Yvette, 164Fung, Nan, 182Fung, Richard, 181–183Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic (Bech-

del), 237futurity, 410

Gadon, Sarah, 111Gaia (Earth goddess), 305Galloway, Terry, 382–383Garden, Nancy, 369–370Gardner, Gerald, 308Garfield, Andrew, 398–399Garland, Judy, 33, 364Garland-Thomson, Rosemarie, 276–277Garner, Tyron, 328, 329




INDEX 483

Garvey, Jason, 215Gary (author’s friend), 263, 264, 265–268Gary (IN), 136, 139gay: defined, 446; as homophobic insult,

194, 205, 411; linguistic history of, 19–21, 25, 29; parallel terms for, 2; use of term, 292–293, 348–349

Gay and Lesbian Organization for the Betterment of Everyone (GLOBE), 209, 423–426

“gayborhoods,” 139, 157–158, 241gay Buddhist clubs, 435gay businesses, 385“gayby boomers,” 234, 241–242Gay Canon, The (Drake), 441gay consciousness, 305, 306–307, 314gaydar, 29, 448Gay Games, 269, 275–276, 447Gay Games, The (Symons), 275gay ghettoes, 157–158Gay International, 344, 345Gay Liberation Front, 169gay liberation movement, 14, 56, 224, 247,

260, 370gay male pornography, 159, 181–183gay men: African American, 390, 398;

aging, 238–239; AIDS epidemic and, 161, 263, 289–290, 334; Asian American, 179–180, 181–183, 294; as athletes, 272–273; ballet and, 74; bars/dance clubs frequented by, 158–159; black, 156–157, 163; bullying of, 194, 212–214; closeted, 263; closeted married, 57; code-switching by, 33; coming-out experiences of, 69, 74–79, 125, 127, 272; cultural icons of, 33, 364; dating/hookup sites for, 159, 228, 255–256; disabled, 279–280; execution of, 346–347; fat, 257–258; female body and, 376; feminine, 169, 255, 256, 350–351, 395–396; hate crimes against, 338; health challenges of, 255; Hinduism and, 301; hyper-masculine, 396; incarceration of, in Chechen Republic, 343; irony as used by, 378; Islam and, 299; Latino, 172, 173–174; lesbians and, 136, 380; lower-class, 142–143; marriages of,

332–333; media representations of, 30; middle-class, 129–132; military service of, 333, 334; as parents, 224–225, 237, 410; politically conservative, 328–329; as politicians, 325–326; psychological research on, 247–250; as rabbis, 288; racism among, 157–159; role iden-tities of, 294; salaries of, 167; secret language of (Polari), 34–38; sexuality of, 279, 294; sociality of, 228–229, 230; as soldiers, 65, 334; stereotypes/misconceptions about, 131–132, 271–272; substance abuse among, 254; terms associated with, 39; upper-mid-dle-class, 124–129; white, and class, 123; working-class, 137–138, 139; in young adult fiction, 365

Gay Men’s Health Crisis, 181, 262gay politics, 156–157gay rednecks, 142–143gay rights, 278, 324–325, 327Gay Rights at the Ballot Box (Stone),

323–325gay sensibility, 358“Gay Shame” conference (University of

Michigan; 2003), 176–177Gay Spirituality (T. Johnson), 306–307Gay Spirit Visions, 306, 403, 438gay-straight alliances, 209gaytheism, 311–313gayvoice, 29–32, 447gaze: clinical, 104; male, 255; medical,

245, 451; queer, 272Geisha of a Different Kind (Han), 184gender: binaries in, 3, 99, 330; Buddhism

and, 302; critical race theory and, 148; Hinduism and, 300–301; intersection-ality and, 148; intersex people and assigning of, 104, 107–108; Islam and, 299; in Jungian psychology, 306; performances of, 87, 175, 194; policing of, 273, 363; queering of, 16; romantic bonding and, 229–230; sex (biological) vs., 93–95; sexuality vs., 86; “third,” 299; Two-Spirit people and, 150

gender dysphoria, 93, 280genderfluid, 149, 370gender identity, 220; biblical references to,




484 INDEX

284; binaries in, 289, 339, 363; camp and, 384; citizenship vs. naturaliza-tion and, 318; sexual orientation vs., 337–338; trans people and, 259, 363; as uncanny, 363–364; in young adult fiction, 365–367

Gender Identity Disorder, 106, 252, 280gender-nonconforming people: in Africa,

350; children, bullying of, 202–203, 205–207; defined, 95–96, 447; destig-matizing, 214–215; intersex people and, 109; Latinx, 175; pathologization of, 93; sex workers conflated with, 350; in young adult fiction, 364–365, 366. See also transgender/transgender people

gender nonconformity, 16, 252genderqueer/genderqueer people, 95, 109,

280, 384gender roles, 169, 175–177, 370gender studies, 93Gender Trouble (Butler), 87, 124General Semantics, 449Genesis, book of, 285–287Genet, Jean, 380genetic binaries, 94–95genitalia, atypical, of intersex people, 104,

105–106Gen Silent (documentary film; 2011), 235,

242Gentile, John S., 307, 437–441geography education, 199–200George (Gino), 374–376Georgia, 327ghazal (Persian poetry genre), 298Gill, Carol J., 63–70, 449Gilley, Brian Joseph, 150Gino, Alex, 374–376Giovanni’s Room (Baldwin), 157Girard, M-E, 371–372Girl Mans Up (Girard), 371–372glam rock, 396GLARP (Gay & Lesbian Association of

Retiring Persons), 240–241“glass closet,” 127Global Queer Muslim Network, 299

GLQ, 220Gobie, Steve, 325–326God/human relations, 294God Is Not Great (Hitchens), 309–310“God’s Body” (Jordan), 293Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 44Goffman, Erving, 201–202, 211–212, 457Golden, Carla, 70, 78Golden Boy (Tarttelin), 111Goldfrapp, Alison, 111Gomez, Jewelle, 159–160Gomez, Letitia, 171Gonzalez, Carmello, 279Gooch, Brad, 298Gottlieb, Gerda, 112Gran Fury, 393–395gratification, instant, 46Great Believers, The (Makkai), 391Great Britain, 299, 301Great Migration, 155–156Greco-Roman philosophy, 58Greco-Roman tradition, 149Green, Richard, 95–96Greenberg, Jon, 401Greenberg, Neil, 400–401Greenberg, Steven, 288–289Greenville (SC), 144–145Gregorio, I. W., 111, 372GRID (gay-related immune deficiency),

262, 263. See also HIV/AIDSGriffin, Gairel K., 254–255Griffin, Kathy, 21Griffin, Pat, 273Griffin, Wendy, 309Grimm, Gavin, 341“grinding,” 227Grindr (gay dating/hookup site), 159, 228Grindstaff, Davin, 360–361Guapa (Haddad), 344–345Guter, Bob, 279–280Guy, Rosa, 368–369

H., Dr. (John E. Fryer), 249–250, 281, 426–428

HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy), 269




INDEX 485

Habermas, Jürgen, 318, 319, 320, 453habitus, 324, 378, 447Haddad, Saleem, 344–345hadith, 298–299Hafez of Shiraz (Persian poet), 298Haider-Markel, Donald P., 338hairiness, 258Hairspray (film; 1988), 380Haitian immigrants, 260–261Halberstam, Jack, 91, 371, 410–411Hall, G. Stanley, 71Hall, Kira, 38Hamilton, Jane, 8, 74, 416–421Hammond, Karla, 160–161Han, C. Winter, 179–181, 183, 184–185,

188handicap, 276–277Hanks, Tom, 397Hanson, Ellis, 176–177Hardwick, Michael, 327Hardy, James Earl, 390Haring, Keith, 391–392Harlem (NY), 155–156, 384Harlem Renaissance, 222Harper’s (magazine), 400Harriet the Spy (Fitzhugh), 365–366Harris, Daniel, 400Harris, W. C., 310–311Harry Potter series (Rowling), 16Hart (MI), 387Hartford Street Zendo (San Francisco),

435, 437Harvard University, 312hate crimes, 206, 337–338, 447hate speech, 18, 338, 350, 447Hawaii, 333Hawaiian Americans, 164Hay, Harry, 305, 306, 454Hayakawa, S. I., 18–19, 22, 449HBO, 207health: challenges for queer people, 253–

260; defined, 244–245, 447; Issues for Investigation, 281–282. See also AIDS epidemic; HIV/AIDS; sports

health-care benefits, 139–140Hebrew Bible, 287

Heckler, Margaret, 263Hedges, Lucas, 252Hedwig and the Angry Inch (Mitchell and

Trask), 47Heffernan, Karen, 256Heineman, John, 209, 423–426Helms, Jesse, 394Hembrough, KrysAnne, 242Hemingway, Ernest, 173hemophiliacs, 260Hemphill, Essex, 388, 398Henderson, Lisa, 122–123, 140Hendricks, Muhsin, 299Here (cable channel), 351Here Comes Honey Boo Boo (TV series),

142–143heredity, theories of, 200–201hermaphrodite, 27, 105, 108, 449Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention

of Sex (Dreger), 108Hermaphrodites Speak (documentary film;

1996), 109Hermes (Greek deity), 105Hermiston (OR), 375heroin users, 260heterocentrism, 303, 307heteronormativity: African Americans and,

156; Asian Americans and, 180, 187; butch/femme dynamic as imitation of, 169; child development and, 49–50; DADT policy and, 335; defined, 447; evangelical Christianity and, 349; gay-theism vs., 311; homonormativity and upholding of, 320–321; lesbians and, 32, 137, 187; marriage equality and, 330–331; older queer people and, 235; politics of, 323; queercrip sex and, 276; queer men and, 138

heterosexuality, 26; adult male, 50; AIDS among, 261, 264; compulsory, 22–23; defined, 447; Hinduism and, 301; hookup culture and, 226–227; Issues for Investigation, 145–146; Latinx people and, 170; marriage and, 331–332; monogamy and, 230; MSM and, 161–162; “performances” of, 249; public sphere and assumptions of, 318–319; “retreats” into, 80; same-sex




486 INDEX

marriage as imitation of, 330; use of term, 55

heterosexual privilege, 120heuristic, 23high school, 194, 207–209, 210, 211hijra, 300–301, 447Hinduism, 299–302, 303Hippocratic Oath, 93Hirschfeld, Magnus, 24, 319Hispanics, 337history education, 199–200, 208, 211Hitchens, Christopher, 309–310, 313HIV/AIDS: among African Americans,

163–164, 269, 270, 390, 398; among Asian American men, 181–182; au-thor’s experience, 263, 264, 265–268; chronology of, 262–264, 268–269; coming out and, 76; commodification of, 399–400; defined, 262, 444; educa-tional videos about, 181–182; 4H risk groups for, 260; among Latinx people, 172, 269, 391; in Namibia, 351; origins of, 260–262, 452; therapies for, 269–270; among transgender women, 234, 270, 389; in USA, 268. See also AIDS epidemic

HIV/AIDS charities, 395–396Hmong people, 179Hocquenghem, Guy, 54–56, 58Hoffmann, E. T. A., 361–362Holder, Eric, 332Hollywood (CA), 241“home,” sense of, 66homelessness, 228, 259homintern, 316, 444“homo,” 175homoeroticism, 154–155, 271, 368homonationalism, 320–321, 322–323, 347,

448homonormativity: defined, 320; early LGB

organizations and, 321–322; heteronor-mativity upheld by, 320; homonation-alism and, 320–321, 322–323; queer desire and, 53; same-sex marriage and, 233; transgender exclusion through, 325

homophobia: AIDS epidemic and, 270;

assumptions based in, 139; black church and, 330; Buddhism and, 303; bullying as result of, 212–213; camp and intervention in, 379; the closet and, 72; coining of term, 244; cross-dressers and, 90; down low narrative and, 162; hate crimes based in, 338; in Iran, 323, 346; Islam and, 296–297; language of, 411; Latinx people and, 168, 172–173; leftist ideologies and, 53; in legal deci-sions, 278; lower class and, 141–142; of mental health professionals, 258; in military, 334; in nursing homes/assisted-living facilities, 240; protests against, 385; reduction strategies, 128, 213–214; religion-based, 240; in school contexts, 194, 200, 205–208, 212–214, 249; sexual desire vs. roman-tic attraction and, 57–58; Two-Spirit people and, 150–151; victims of, 249; violent, working class and, 137–138; white supremacy and, 206

homosexual desire, 46–47, 50–51Homosexual Desire (Hocquenghem), 54,

55Homosexuality & Liberation (Mieli), 54,

55homosexuality/homosexuals: African

policies concerning, 347; as AIDS risk group, 260; in animal kingdom, 94; biblical references to, 284–288, 291–292; black response to, 160; Buddhism and, 303; Common Core standards and, 196; criminalization of, 129, 322, 343, 346–347, 348; cross-dressers and, 90; decriminalization of, 347; defined, 448; depathologization of, 247–250, 252, 426–428; Freudian explanations for, 246, 250; genetic/biological expla-nations for, 51–52; Hinduism and, 301; Islam and, 298–299, 345; Jewish view of, 290; linguistic history of, 13–14, 15, 19, 20–21, 79; lower class, 141; in Middle East, 346–347; as natural, 199; pathologization of, 81–82, 246, 334; pedophilia and, 295–296; political dis-course of, 319–320; in prison system, 156; queer theology and, 292–293; re-ligious preaching against, 240; school




INDEX 487

discussion of criminalized, 207–208; as security risk, 334; treatments/cures for, 246–247, 250–252, 311; use of term, 55. See also gay men; homopho-bia; lesbianism/lesbians

Homosexuality in Islam (Kugle), 298–299homosexual rights, 319Hooker, Evelyn, 247–248, 249, 258hookup culture, 226–230, 255–256, 448hormonal conditions, 106hormonal treatments, 92Horne, Kenneth, 35–36Horned Man, 308Hospers, Harm, 256Hotchkiss School, 392House (TV series), 111House, Christopher, 163House of Impossible Beauties, The

(Cassara), 384house parties, 135“houses,” 223“How to Bring Your Kids Up Gay” (Sedg-

wick), 96How to Survive a Plague (documentary

film; 2012), 398Hudson, Rock, 263Huffington Post, 142Hughes, Tonda L., 253Human Rights Campaign, 326human rights violations, 346Hume, David, 245, 376Hunter College (New York), 125Hurricane Harvey (2017), 165Hurricane Katrina (2005), 163Huston, Anjelica, 143Hutton, Ronald, 438, 439Hwang, David Henry, 180hyperfemininity, 186, 448hypermasculinity, 381, 396, 451hypersexualization, 180hypospadias, 106, 110

I Am Jazz (TV show), 98, 202id, 48, 448ID documents, 101, 318, 339identity/identity development, 38; camp

and, 384; defined, 60–61, 448; integra-tion model of, 63–70; intersections of, xiii, 60 (see also intersectionality); Is-sues for Investigation, 83–84; language and, 166–167; stage model of, 61–63, 84. See also gender identity; queer identity; sexual identity; transgender identity

identity politics, 60, 448–449If You Could Be Mine (Farizan), 345–346Igual, Roberto, 349I’ll Get There (Donovan), 367–368Illinois, 327Imaan, 299“Imagine a Lesbian, a Black Lesbian”

(Gomez), 159–160imams, gay, 299immigration, 141, 179, 180–181, 196,

260–261, 323impairment, 276–277Importance of Being Earnest, The (Wilde),

16in-betweenness, 165, 166, 202, 403incest, 141income discrepancies, 167India, 300–302Indian Americans, 179Indian Country Today Media Network, 151Indians, 148. See also Native Americansinfidelity, 141, 173inhospitality, 287Inner Circle, 299In re Guardianship of Kowalski, 277–278instant gratification, 46Institute for Social Reform, 319integration, 63–70; defined, 449; with fam-

ily (“coming home”), 66; of sameness/differentness (“coming together”), 67–68; of self-presentation (coming out), 68–70; into society (“coming to feel we belong”), 64–65

intelligibility, 259intentionality, 88Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 332International Association of Athletic Fed-

erations (IAAF), 273–274




488 INDEX

International Day of Action against Ho-mophobic Persecution in Iran, 322

Internet, 351interpellation, 45, 449intersectionality: camp and, 383; defined,

449; of disability and queerness, 277; of identities, xiii, 60; individual expe-rience with, 7; Issues for Investigation, 189–190; Native Americans and, 152; in older queer people, 239; older queer people and, 239; in queer Latinx com-munities, 177; queer sublime and, 360; queer theology and, 294, 295; of race/ethnicity and queer identity, 118, 119, 123–124, 152, 166, 383; of religion and queerness, 310–311; stigmatization of, 239; trans people and challenges of, 101

Intersex in the Age of Ethics (ed. Dreger), 108

intersex people: characteristics of, 105–106; coming-out experiences of, 69; defined, 27, 451; in Greco-Roman philosophy, 47; Islam and, 299; Juda-ism and, 289–290; pathologization of, 106; political issues, 338–341; queer bodies of, 104; scholarship on, 108; “sexing” of, 104, 107–108, 110; sexual orientation of, 109–110; Spotlight on History, 112–115; stereotypes/mis-conceptions about, 111; use of term, 27–28, 105; visibility of, 109, 110–111; in young adult fiction, 371, 372

Intersex Society of North America (ISNA), 27, 106, 109

intersexuality, 110In the Darkroom (Faludi), 236Intimate Enemy, The (Nandy), 301invisibility, 187; the arts and, 401, 402;

ballot measures and, 325; of bisexual-ity, 244; of disabled gay men, 280; of lesbian Buddhists, 304; of lower-class culture, 143; of older queer people, 238, 239; of queer African Americans, 156–157; of queer Asian American men, 180, 181; of queer Native Amer-icans, 153; of queer youth, 259; of transgender identity, 244, 325

“invisible knapsack,” 120–121Invisible Orientation, The (Decker), 81Ionesco, Eugène, 399Iran, 322, 323, 345–346, 347Iranian Americans, 179Iraq, 347Iraqi Americans, 179Iraq War, 336Ireland, Northern, 341Irish immigrants, 141, 163irony, 378, 406, 451Isenberg, Nancy, 121, 140“Is Gay Marriage Anti-Black?” (Farrow),

330–331Islam, 284–287, 296–299, 344, 347Islamic State (ISIS), 346–347Israel, 322, 343–344Israeli Americans, 179“Is There a Gay Sensibility and Does It

Have an Impact on Our Culture” sym-posium (New York; 1984), 358

Italian immigrants, 141Ithaca College (Ithaca, NY), 264It’s Elementary (documentary film), 204It’s STILL Elementary (documentary film),

204Izzard, Eddie, 8

Jamaica, 261James, Henry, 72Jamvold, Shunko Michael, 435janamantara, 302Jansen, Anita, 256Japan, 300Japanese Americans, 179Jarman, Derek, 36Jay, David, 81al-Jazwari, Abu Zaid, 347Jenner, Caitlyn, 98Jennings, Jazz, 98, 202Jennings, Kevin, 209, 423–426Jesus Christ, 291, 292, 293–294job discrimination, 239Jobriath (singer), 395John/Joan case, 107–108




INDEX 489

Johnson, Earvin (“Magic”), 264Johnson, E. Patrick, 163, 453Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 123Johnson, Toby, 306–307, 311, 314JONAH (Jews Offering New Alternatives

for Healing), 250Jones, Bill T., 401–402Jones, Cleve, 263, 394Jordan, Barbara, 326Jordan, Mark, 293–294Jordan, Marykate, 390Jordan-Young, Rebecca, 274Jorgensen, Christine (George Jr.), 112,

113–115jotería (faggotry), 175–176, 178, 451Journal of Homosexuality, 259–260Judaism, 250; branches of, 288, 344; ho-

mophobia and, 297; Leviticus rules in, 288; Lot story in, 284–287; queer lives and, 288–289, 344; sacred storytellers in (maggid), 403; trans/intersex people and, 289–290

“Julian and Sandy” routines, 35–36, 40Jung, Carl Gustav, 441Jungian psychology, 62, 305, 306

Kafer, Alison, 277Kameny, Frank, 334Kansas City (KS), 369–370Kapital, Das (Marx), 52Kaposi’s sarcoma, 397Kardashian family, 98, 122Karkazis, Katrina, 274karma, 302kathoey (ladyboy), 183Katz, Mitchell, 259–260Kauanui, J. Kēhaulani, 151Kaufman, Benjamin, 250Keith Haring Foundation, 392Keller, Helen, 382Kennedy, Anthony, 332Kennedy, Elizabeth Lapovsky, 135, 136,

225Kennedy, John F., 209Kennedy family, 121–122Kentucky, 318, 333

Keo-Meier, Colt, 96–98Kessler, Suzanne J., 108khanith, 299Kilhefner, Don, 305, 306Killacky, John, 279Kim Chi (drag queen), 183–185, 188Kindig, Mary, 102King, J. L., 162King, Larry, 205–207, 208, 217King, Mark S., 142King, Martin Luther, Jr., 157Kinh people, 179Kinsey, Alfred, 57, 247kinship, 235–239, 243Kirk, Darrell, 403Kirmser’s bar (St. Paul, MN), 225–226kitsch, 400Klein, Melanie, 48Klinefelter’s Syndrome, 106Klub Polari (dance club secret language),

35Koolaids (Alameddine), 391Koop, C. Everett, 264Kopay, David, 272Korea, 300, 351Korean Americans, 179, 183–185, 188Kornhaber, Spencer, 183, 184–185Kowalski, Sharon, 277–278Kramer, Larry, 262, 263, 398, 399Krizek, Robert L., 119–120Kuan Yin (Buddhist deity), 435Kugle, Scott Siraj al-Haqq, 298–299Kukla, Elliot, 290Ku Klux Klan, 155Kushner, Tony, 398–399

Labor Day Convergence (Minneapolis; 2007), 257–258

labor movement, 137Lacan, Jacques, 44, 48, 410, 454ladder of abstraction, 18–19, 22, 449Lamb, Ramdas, 300Lambda Legal, 328, 331Lambda Literary Awards, 370, 374, 391Lane, Nathan, 398–399




490 INDEX

Lane, Peter, 8–9, 394–395language: allies/A-’s, 28–29; bisexu-

al, 23–24; code-switching, 32–34; diachronic vs. synchronic perspectives on, 12; gay, 19–21, 25, 29; gayvoice, 29–32; homosexual, 13–14, 15, 19, 20–21; intersex, 27–28; Issues for Investigation, 38–40; ladder of abstrac-tion and, 18–19, 22; lesbian, 21–23, 29; queer, 13–19, 25, 27; queering of, 38; questioning, 26–27; secret (Polari), 34–38; sequence and, 29; slang, 32; transgender, 22, 24–26

language arts education, 198–199Laramie (WY), 338Larson, Jonathan, 399, 400Last Report on the Miracles at Little No

Horse, The (Erdrich), 152Latina, 164, 382latinidad, 164, 167, 170, 171, 174,

177–178, 450Latino, 164Latinx people: African Americans and,

165; dance floor and, 177–178; defined, 450; hate crimes against, 337; HIV infection among, 172, 269, 391; “in-between” space occupied by, 165, 166; language and identi-ty of, 165–167; lesbian camp and, 381–382; Native Americans and, 165; queer experiences of, 170–174, 180; resistance to gender roles by, 175–177; Spotlight, 168–170, 174–175; use of term, 164–165

Lauretis, Teresa de, 5, 15“lavender” professions, 135Lawrence (KS), 370Lawrence, John, 328, 329Lawrence v. Texas, 328–329Leach, E. A., 438leather community, 319–320, 386Lebanon, 344, 391Lee, Harper, 140Lee, JeeYeun, 186–187Lee, Joseph L., 254–255leftist ideologies, 53–56Lemon, Don, 32

Leonardo da Vinci, 377lesbian camp, 380, 381–383lesbian continuum, 23, 450lesbian desire, 382–383lesbian existence, 23, 450lesbian feminist philosophy, 70lesbianism/lesbians: in Africa, 350;

aging, 238, 239; AIDS epidemic and, 270–271, 388; alcohol use among, 253–254; Asian American, 186–187; bisexual identification of, 78; black, 159–161; bondage, 386; Buddhism and, 304; Chicana, 165–166, 168–170; children of, 223–224; choice and, 70; colonialism and, 348–349; coming-out experiences of, 69, 74–79, 127; community celebrations of, 386–388; “corrective rape” of, 348, 350; defined, 452; disabled, 278–279; fat, 257; female athletes and, 194; feminism and, 22–23, 78, 152–153, 159, 210, 388; Freudian explanations for, 246; gay men and, 136, 380; health issues among, 235; Hinduism and, 301; irony as used by, 378; Latina, 175; linguistic history of, 21–23, 29; marriages of, 331–332; masculine, 169; military service of, 333, 335; Native American, 152–153; as parents, 410; as politi-cians, 326; “primary” vs. “elective,” 70; race and, 135–136; relational theology of, 294–295; sociality of, 229–230, 237; in sports, 272, 273–274; as teachers, 207; terms associated with, 40; working-class, 78, 135–136, 137–139; in young adult fiction, 366, 367, 368–369

lesbian psychology, 45, 56–57lesbian sensibility, 358“lesbian spectrum,” 161lesbian voice, 29Lessons from the Intersexed (Kessler), 108Leto, Jared, 389Letts, William J., IV, 204Levi-Strauss, Claude, 3, 438Levithan, David, 373–374Leviticus, book of, 288, 291, 331Lewis, Daniel C., 339




INDEX 491

Lewis, Danielle, 360Lewis, Jerry, 382Leyland, Winston, 303–304lezzie, 175, 205, 272LGB people: class experiences of, 122;

coming-out experiences of, 71; as community, 102–103; organizations of, 321; pinkwashing and, 323; trans people vs., 138, 323; youth identity crises, 62–63

LGB rights, 339LGBT Aging Issues Network (LAIN), 238LGBT Human Rights Awareness Week

(Windoek, Namibia; 2000), 350LGBT/LGBT people, 4, 5, 450LGBTQ+/LGBTQ+ people: as activists,

278; culture of, 385; defined, 452; edu-cational materials including, 196–197; ministries, 163; parallel terms for, 2; resource groups, 128; student groups, 189–190, 209. See also older queer people; queer people; specific individ-ual category

LGBTQ+ rights, 223, 341–342LGBTQ+ studies, 5, 12–13liberation theology, 294Lim, You-Leng Leroy, 188–189Liminalities (journal), 176Lincoln (NE), 209, 423–426Lincoln, Abraham, 208“linguistic reclamation,” 17linguistics, 12, 452–453Lion’s Roar (Buddhist magazine), 304,

434–437literacy, 198–199literature courses, 210–211Little Women (Alcott), 364Litvak, Joseph, 72Living Myth (Bond), 440Livingston, Jennie, 223lobotomies, 247loca (queen; whore), 172Locke, John, 245locker rooms, 138Lockhart, Russell, 62Log Cabin Republicans, 328–329loneliness, 238

Lonely Planet (Dietz), 399“Lone Mountain Path, The” (Whitney),

434–437Longinus, 359Long Secret, The (Fitzhugh), 366–367Looking (TV sitcom), 30“Looking for My Penis” (Fung), 182–183Lord, James, 65Lorde, Audre, 135–136, 159, 160–161Lorway, Robert, 350, 351Los Angeles, 241Los Angeles Times, 196–197Losing Uncle Tim (M. Jordan), 390Lot, biblical story of, 284–287, 326Lotus Blossom stereotype, 186Love Alone (Monette), 390Love and Money (Henderson), 122–123Love in Action, 251–252Love Is Strange (film; 2014), 231–232Loving in the War Years (Moraga), 168lower class, 121, 133, 140–141lower-class queers, 141–143Lucas, Ian, 36–37Luna (Peters), 370–371Lut, Islamic story of, 284–287Lutheranism, 312Luzon, Manila, 184Lyon (France), 402

machismo, 171–174, 382, 451Madama Butterfly (Puccini), 186Maddow, Rachel, 32Madonna (singer/actress), 395maggid (sacred Jewish storyteller), 403Magliocco, Sabina, 441Maguire, Gregory, 365Maisani, Ben, 125“Making Kitsch from AIDS” (D. Harris),

400Making Sense of Intersex (Feder), 108Making Things Perfectly Queer (Doty),

358–359Makkai, Rebecca, 391male gaze, 255male impersonators, 91Malek, Rami, 396




492 INDEX

maleness, 318, 381male privilege, 120male temple prostitutes, 292Malinche (Nahua religious figure),

168–169Manasota (FL), 241Mandela, Nelson, 269Manhunt (gay dating/hookup site), 159Manning, Chelsea, 99–100, 336–337Man Who Would Be Queen, The (Bailey),

103Mapa, Alec, 181marches, 385–386March on Washington (1963), 157Marhoni, Ayaz, 346, 347marijuana, 254, 379–380Marmor, Judd, 249marriage, 170; Christ’s view of, 292;

as heterosexual in nature, 331–332; noncoupled arrangements, 231; sexual monogamy and, 229–231; in Western culture, 232–233. See also same-sex marriages

marriage equality, 64, 124, 151, 169. See also same-sex marriages

marriage licenses, 318, 333Martin, Mary, 16Marvelous Land of Oz, The (Baum),

364–365Marx, Karl, 52, 55–56Marx, Rani, 259–260Marxism, 45, 133, 451Maryland, 332Mary Magdalene, 292masculinity: black, 155, 156, 159;

children’s play activities and, 203; “fe-male,” 91, 135, 169, 371; gay men and, 396; gender spectrum and, 95; hyper-masculinity, 381, 396, 451; in Jungian psychology, 306; lesbian athletes and, 272; lesbian camp and, 381–382; ma-chismo, 171–174, 382, 451; normative, and gay male sexuality, 279; norma-tive, rejection of, 305–306; patriarchal privileging of, 169; reparative therapy and, 383; “toxic,” 171, 203; Two-Spirit people and, 150; working-class, 137

Mashhad (Iran), 346Maslow, Abraham, 126Mass, Lawrence D., 262Massachusetts, 242, 325–326, 331Massad, Joseph, 344, 345, 347mass culture, 359mastery, resistance to, 411masturbation, 208, 246Mateen, Omar, 178materialism, 45, 86mathematical education, 199mating, 225Matlovich, Leonard, 334, 335Mattachine Society, 321–322, 385Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr.,

Hate Crimes Prevention Act (2009), 338

Maurice (Forster), 211M. Butterfly (Hwang), 180McCarthy, Joseph, 316, 334, 399McConaughey, Matthew, 389McConnell, Michael, 329McDermott, Elizabeth, 258–259McGaskel, Tim, 182McGreevey, Jim, 352McInerney, Brandon, 205–207McIntosh, Peggy, 120–121McKay, Richard A., 261McKinley, Dawn, 150–151Mead, Margaret, 94media, 30, 31–32, 81, 98, 113–114, 162,

189medical care, 92–93medical gaze, 245, 451medicalization, 245–246Medicine, Beatrice, 151meditation practice, 436Melville, Herman, 154Melvin, Cathy, 254–255memorialization, 411men: of color, 270, 317; feminine aspect of

(anima), 306; Latino, and machismo, 171–174; romantic bonds of, 229–230; who have sex with men (MSM), 161–162, 172. See also gay men; masculinity




INDEX 493

mental health professionals, 258Mercury, Freddie, 396mericón (faggot), 172mestizaje, 167mestizos(as), 166, 167, 168, 451meta-analyses, 253methamphetamines, 141, 254Metropolitan Community Church (MCC),

295, 451Mexican Americans, 168, 196. See also

Chicanos(as)Miami (FL), 175Michael, George, 395Michaelson, Jay, 349Michigan Womyn’s Music Festival,

102–103, 386–388, 412, 428–434Mickee Faust Club (Tallahassee, FL),

382–383microaggression, 214, 453Middlebury College, 184middle class, 133, 160, 330middle-class queers, 129–132Middle East, 343–347Middle Eastern immigrants, 179middle school, 194, 205–207, 208,

216–217Middlesex (Eugenides), 110, 111Midrash, 289Mieli, Mario, 54, 55–56military: DADT policy in, 333, 335–336;

homosexuality banned in, 334; queer soldiers in, 333, 334–335; trans sol-diers in, 336–337

military aggression, 323Milk, Harvey, 394Miller, Tim, 402–403mind control, 251mind vs. brain, 87Minneapolis, 257–258, 311–312, 402Minnesota Court of Appeals, 278Minnesota Supreme Court, 329Miranda, Carmen, 382misadaptation, 250, 451miscegenation laws, 181misogyny, 380misrecognition, 258–259

“Miss Furr and Miss Skeene” (short story; Stein), 20

Mitchell, John Cameron, 47Moby-Dick (Melville), 154Mock, Janet, 164model minority myth, 453Modern Family (TV sitcom), 30, 131–132modernization, 342moffie, 350mollies, 19–20Mona Lisa (Leonardo da Vinci), 377Monette, Paul, 390Money, John, 107monogamy, 79, 229–231, 330, 397monosexuality, 80, 453Monroe, Marilyn, 114“Mont Blanc” (poem; Shelley), 359Moraga, Cherríe, 165, 168–170, 178morality politics, 339Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

(CDC), 262Moreman, Shane T., 176Morgan, Suzanne, 264Morgensen, Scott Lauria, 307Mori, Masahiro, 362Morrissey (musician), 35Moscone, George, 394Moskos, Charles, 335Mostly Straight (Savin-Williams), 84Mother Goddess, 308Mother Nature, 305Movement Advancement Project, 252, 339MSM (men who have sex with men),

161–162, 172Muhammad, Prophet, 297mukhannathun, 299multiculturalism, 166, 172Muñoz, José Esteban, 150, 177, 412Murder over a Girl, A (Corbett), 207Murphy, Tim, 391Museum of Transgender History and Art

(MOTHA; San Francisco), 389music, 395–396musicals, 398, 399My Queer War (Lord), 65My Thinning Years (Croteau), 256




494 INDEX

Myths of Gender (Fausto-Sterling), 25, 94My Two Moms (Wahls), 223

naïveté, privileging of, 411Nakayama, Thomas K., 119–120NAMES Project (AIDS quilt). See AIDS

Memorial QuiltNamibia, 349–351Nandy, Ashis, 301Narrating the Closet (Adams), 73NARTH (National Association for Re-

search and Therapy of Homosexuality), 250

National AIDS Forum (Denver; 1983), 262–263

National Basketball Association (NBA), 340

National Center for Transgender Equality, 101

National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA), 340–341

National Communication Association, 4National Football League (NFL), 272National Gay and Lesbian Task Force

(NGLTF), 101–102National Guard, 335National Institute on Drug Abuse, 254National Mall (Washington, DC), 394National Theatre (London, England), 398Native Americans: containment of, 156;

Latinx people and, 165; queer, 149, 153; queer artists among, 152–153; same-sex marriages among, 150–151; spirituality of, 150, 403; terms used to identify, 148–149; Two-Spirit people, 149–152

natural, concepts of, 201naturalization, 317–318, 321nausea-inducing medications, 250Nazi Germany, 369–370Nebraska, 209, 264, 423–426neo-paganism, 305–309, 437–441,

451–452Neo-Pagan Sacred Art and Altars (Ma-

gliocco), 441Nepalese Americans, 179

Nero, Charles I., 154, 157Netflix, 351, 381Newall, Venetia, 439New Gay Teenager, The (Savin-Williams),

83–84New Mexico, 241New Museum (New York), 358, 393New Queer Cinema, 36New Testament, 291New York (NY): AIDS epidemic in, 264,

265–268, 390, 391; arts scene in, 389, 402; drag-ball culture in, 222; gay male network in, 229; queer black spaces in, 155–156; transgender homeless shelters in, 228

New York Crimes, 393New Yorker magazine, 402New York State, 226, 332New York State Board of Education,

216–217New York Times, 64–65, 243, 262, 393,

396, 402New York Times Magazine, 269–270New York University, 379New Zealand, 351Niccolazzo, Z, 215Nicolosi, Joseph, 2509/11 attacks (2001), 3231984 (Orwell), 343Noble, Elaine, 326No Future (Edelman), 410NOLOSE (National Organization of Lesbi-

ans of Size Everywhere), 257nonbinary, 29, 109, 454nonconforming, 454None of the Above (Gregorio), 111, 372nonnormativity, 5Normal Heart, The (Kramer), 398, 399normativity, 6, 16–17, 452. See also heter-

onormativity; homonormativitynorm visibility, 342North Carolina, 202, 340–341Northwestern University, 335Not-About-AIDS-Dance (dance piece; N.

Greenberg), 400–401“Notes on Camp” (Sontag), 378–379




INDEX 495

“not-knowing,” 72nuclear families, 52, 235, 238, 331Nudd, Donna Marie, 382–383nudity, 387Nureyev, Rudolf, 400nursing homes, 240Nystrom, Nancy C., 238

Oakland (CA), 163, 164Oates, Joyce Carol, 402Obama, Barack, 174, 269, 316–317,

336–337, 338, 340–341, 349Obergefell, James, 332Obergefell v. Hodges, 215, 234, 332–333obesity, 140–141, 235, 256–258O’Connor, John, 296Oedipal complex, 48–51, 55, 454Oedipus Rex (Sophocles), 378off-Broadway plays, 399Ohio, 332Ojibwe tribe, 152Oklahoma City, 257–258Olander, William, 393Older Lesbians Organizing for Change

(OLOC), 238, 239, 452older queer people: children of, 223–225;

defined, 234; familial roles of, 222; health disparities among, 234–235; housing options for, 240–241; kinship support for, 235–239; life stories of, 241–242; scholarship on, 234; success-ful aging and, 234, 235, 238, 240

Olympic Games, 271, 275Omi, Michael, 157Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 392One (gay/lesbian magazine), 329One Teacher in Ten (ed. Jennings), 209,

423–426One Teacher in Ten in the New Millennium

(ed. Jennings), 209On the Down Low (J. L. King), 162“On the Standard of Taste” (Hume), 376On the Sublime (Longinus), 359oral sex, 139, 172, 173, 303, 328Orange Is the New Black (TV series), 98,

164, 381

Oregon, 241, 280, 324–325, 375Orientalism, 180, 344“Origin of Love, The” (song; Trask), 47Orlando (FL), 177–178, 346, 412Orthodox Judaism, 288–289, 290, 344Ortiz-Fonseca, Louie A., 178Orwell, George, 343, 352–353Ostara (Wiccan festival), 307, 437–441othering, 140, 180, 316, 344, 363otters, 258Our Lady of the Flowers (Genet), 380Our Young Man (E. White), 390–391overpopulation, 221Ovid, 441Oxford English Dictionary, 13, 19, 20, 317Oxnard (CA), 205–207

Pachuco, 167Padilla, Felix, 164paganism, 305, 308Paige, Danielle, 365pair-bonding, 79Pajek, Alexandra, 396Pakistani Americans, 179Palestine, 322Palmer, Paulina, 362–363Palms, The (Manasota, FL), 241Palm Springs (CA), 241panda bears, 258Pan-Girth & Mirth convention (Oklahoma

City), 257–258pansexual, 24pantheism, 305parades, 385–386Paragraph 175, 319paraphilia, 49parental rights, 236parenthood, 170parents: as coteachers, 197; queer people

as, 221, 235–237, 410; same-sex, 203Paris (France), 53–54, 398Paris Is Burning (film; 1990), 223, 384Parker, Mary-Louise, 398Parnell, Peter, 199–200Parvati (Hindu deity), 301




496 INDEX

Pascoe, C. J., 194Passage to India, A (Forster), 211“passing,” 69–70, 122, 319, 321, 339Pater, Walter, 376–377, 378Patient Zero, 261, 452Patient Zero and the Making of the AIDS

Epidemic (McKay), 261patriarchy, 169, 238, 302, 307patriotism, 316Paul, Saint, 291–292Paulk, John, 251Paul Monette (documentary film; 1996),

390“Paul’s Case” (Cather), 211pedagogy, 199pedophilia, 271, 295–296, 326peer pressure, 251, 340pejoration, 17Pentecostalism, 295People in Trouble (Schulman), 390, 399people of color, 164Pérez, Hiram, 165, 176–177performance art, 402–406, 452–453performing arts, 208Perry, Troy, 295, 451personality tests, 248perversity, 49Peter Pan (Barrie), 16Peters, Julie Anne, 370–371Petro, Anthony M., 296Phaedrus (Plato), 45–46phenomenology, 88, 453phenotypes, 118Philadelphia (film; 1993), 395, 397, 398“Philadelphia” (song; N. Young), 395Philippine Americans, 179, 181physical culture, 271–272“Piccadilly Palare” (song; Morrissey), 35Picture of Dorian Gray, The (Wilde), 377Pink News, 383pinkwashing, 322–323, 347“placemaking,” 150Plato, 45–47, 79, 414–416play, 52, 90, 203playgrounds, 203Plus, 142

PLWAs (People Living with AIDS), 262Poland, 342Polari (gay secret language), 34–38, 40,

453Polari—The Lost Language of Gay Men

(Baker), 36police shootings, 317“political funerals,” 377political lesbians, 23, 28political queerness, 28politics: art and, 377; camp and, 379;

heteronormative, 323; of visibility, 341–342. See also queer politics

polyamorous relationships, 231polygamy, 231polygender, 109“polymorphous perversity,” 49, 54, 55“polymorphous promiscuity,” 54–55polysexual relationships, 231polytheism, 297Ponse, Barbara, 70Popham, Paul, 262“poppers,” 254popular culture, 30, 110–111, 122,

129–132pornography, 159, 181–183Pose (TV series), 389poststructuralism, 3“posttransgender era,” 99potato queen, 183poverty, 174, 181Povinelli, Elizabeth, 220Precious (film; 2009), 398Pride events, 200, 319–320, 321, 342,

385–386Prime Timers, 239Prince of los Cocuyos, The (Blanco), 175prison system, 156privacy, 125, 133, 137, 327, 328–329privilege, 86; class and, 118; defined, 453;

Issues for Investigation, 145–146; patriarchal, 169; types of, 120; use of term, 119; whiteness and, 118, 120–121. See also class; whiteness

procreation, 292, 299, 301–302, 326Proposition 6, 324




INDEX 497

Proposition 8, 331prostitution, 21, 292, 435protease inhibitor combination therapies,

269Protestantism, 156, 163–164, 291, 293Proulx, E. Annie, 360Proust, Marcel, 72psychoanalysis, 48–52, 54, 90, 246, 250psychology, 246, 247, 248“Psychology of the Child Archetype, The”

(Jung), 441Puar, Jasbir, 322, 323, 347puberty, 205, 340, 364public sphere, 318–320, 324, 326, 379, 453Puccini, Giacomo, 186, 399, 400Pueblo tribes, 152Puer/Puella, 441Puerto Ricans, 165, 178Pulse nightclub shooting (Orlando, FL;

2016), 177–178, 346, 412purity circles, 311Putin, Vladimir, 271, 342Putting on the Dish (short film), 40PWAs (People with AIDS), 262

quare studies, 163, 455“Quare Studies, or (Almost) Everything I

Know about Queer Studies I Learned from My Grandmother” (Johnson), 163

queen, 32, 172, 183. See also drag queensqueer activism, 311, 324–325, 334“queer-adjacent” lives, 130queer aesthetics: gay sensibility and,

358; spectatorship and, 358–359; the sublime in, 360–361; the uncanny in, 362–364

Queer African Reader (ed. Ekine and Abbas), 349

Queer Aging (Ramirez-Valles), 234, 241–242

queer art: gay sensibility and, 358; specta-torship and, 358–359

queer artists, 379Queer Art of Failure, The (Halberstam),

410–411queer bodies: in classroom space, 88–89;

execution of, 322; of gay Asian men, 181–182; of intersex people, 104; Issues for Investigation, 115–116; Spotlight on History, 112–115; of trans people, 86, 90–92. See also intersex people; transgender/transgender people

Queer Brown Voices (ed. Quesada, Gomez, and Vidal-Ortiz), 171

queercrip, 277–280, 382, 453queer culture, 321, 328–329, 385queer desire: conversion therapy and, 250;

homophobia and, 57–58; Issues for Investigation, 58–59; leftist ideologies and, 53–56; pathologization of, 67; psychological/psychoanalytic theories of, 48–52; sexual fluidity and, 56–58; sociopolitical theories of, 52–53

Queer Dharma (ed. Leyland), 303–304queer expression: aesthetics and, 376–377;

camp, 378–384, 406; as community, 384–388; irony, 378, 406; Issues for Investigation, 406–407

queer failure, 410–413queer futures, 410–413queer gaze, 272queer horizon, 88queer identity: asexual, 80–83; closet-

ing of, 73; coming-out models for, 74–80; DADT policy and, 335–336; “exoticizing” aspects of, 252; feelings associated with, 71; friendly spaces for revealing, 226; futurity and, 410; irony and avoidance of revealing, 378; minority racial/ethnic identities and, 118, 170–171; models for, 63–70; of older family members, 237; queer spectatorship and self-consciousness about, 359; in Schoolworld, 204, 205; as transhistorical category, 344, 345. See also transgender identity

Queer Indigenous Studies (ed. Driskill et al.), 149–150

queering, 15–16Queering Elementary Education (ed. Letts

and Sears), 204queer literature, 224Queer Nation, 15, 316, 385, 453–454Queer Nuns (Wilcox), 379




498 INDEX

queer people: Christianity as threat to, 310–311; of color, 388; devaluing of, 194–195; disabled, 277–280; health challenges of, 253–260; lower-class, 141–143; middle-class, 129–132; as parents, 221, 223–225, 410; as politi-cians, 325–326; social acceptance of, 235; sociality of, 220–221; as soldiers, 333, 334; stereotypes/misconcep-tions about, 271; upper-middle-class, 124–129; utopias “performed” by, 412; working-class, 134–140. See also older queer people; specific queer type

queer phenomenology, 88–89queer politics: in Africa, 347–351; in Asia,

351; in Australia, 351–352; in EU, 341–342; in Middle East, 343–347; in Russia, 342–343. See also United States—queer politics in

queer/queerness: bilingual identity and, 166–167; as choice, 250; defined, 453; doubleness of, 175; “enfreakment” of, 386; Hinduism and, 300–302; iden-tification as, 2; Islam and, 296–299; linguistic history of, 13–18, 25, 27, 316; parallel terms for, 2; racial/eth-nic identity and, 148; religion and, 310–311; the sublime and, 360–361; use of term, 4–5, 7–9, 18–19, 153, 175, 247, 347; whiteness and, 123–124. See also queer identity; queer people; specific topic

queer rights, 377queer sexuality: Buddhism and, 303;

disability and, 276–280; monogamy and, 397

Queers for Economic Justice, 331Queers in American Popular Culture (ed.

Elledge), 437queer sociality, 220–221queer spaces, 115, 208, 226queer spectatorship, 358–359Queer Spirits (Roscoe), 441queer sports teams/leagues, 274–275queer studies, 15, 70, 87, 163, 210, 244,

294, 413queer sublime, 360–361queer theology, 292–296, 304

queer theory: binaries and, 311; body in, 87; defined, 5–6; emergence of, 15, 22, 95, 211; founders/pioneers of, 4–5, 72; homonormativity in, 53; language of, 16; queer theology and, 294

“Queer Theory: According to My Grand-mother” (poem; Blanco), 175, 421–423

queer uncanny, 362–364Queer Uncanny, The (Palmer), 362–363queer youth, 254, 258–260, 269Quesada, Uriel, 171questioning, 26–27, 454Quran, 298–299, 347

rabbis, gay, 288race: feminism and, 159–160; hate crimes

based on, 337; intersectionality and, 148; Issues for Investigation, 189–190; scholars of, 220–221; whiteness and, 148

race studies, 196racial formation, 157, 454“Racial Naturalization” (Carbado),

317–318racial prejudice, 123racial segregation, 135–136, 157–158racism: African Americans and, 155–156,

330; AIDS epidemic and, 270; Asian Americans and, 181, 182, 184, 187; black lesbians and, 160; down low myth and, 161–162, 445; in gay ghet-toes, 157–159; homonationalism and, 323; Latinx people and, 168, 174

Radical Faeries, 305–307, 395, 403, 454Radical Love (Cheng), 294–295Rainbow Project (Namibia), 350Rainey, Ma, 156Ramakrishnan, Jayati, 375Ramer, Andrew, 403Ramirez-Valles, Jesus, 234, 241–242rape, 346, 348, 350Rapoport, Paul, 262Rauch, Jonathan, 329Ravi, Dharun, 213Reading (PA), 391Reagan, Ronald, 14–15, 260, 264, 394recess activities, 203




INDEX 499

Redefining Realness (Mock), 164red herrings, 317redneck culture, 142–143Red Scare, 316, 334, 399Reed, Lou, 395Reese, Phil, 224Reform Judaism, 288, 289, 290Reimer, David, 107–108reincarnation, 302“reinvention pressure,” 339relational theology, 294–295religion: African Americans and, 156, 163–

164; Asian Americans and, 188–189; atheist collaborations with, 311–313; atheist view of value of, 309–310; in EU, 341; evangelical, 156; heteronor-mativity and, 156; Issues for Investi-gation, 314; Native American attitudes and, 151; nursing homes/assisted-liv-ing facilities and, 240; queerness and, 310–311, 341; reparative therapy based in, 250, 251–252; spirituality vs., 284; sports and, 273. See also spirituality; specific religion

religious freedom legislation, 215religious schools, 204, 368Renaissance, 89Renaissance, The (Pater), 377Rent (Larson), 399, 400reparative therapy, 250–252, 311, 383, 454reproductive rights, 290retirement communities, 240–241Revolutionary War, 333Reynolds, Kathy, 150–151rice queen, 183Rich, Adrienne, 22–23, 161Richardson, Justin, 199–200Richmond (VA), 341Riddle of Gender, The (Rudacille), 103Rifkin, Mark, 150Riggs, Marlon, 398Rise and Fall of the Yellow House, The

(Treat), 391Rites of Passage, The (van Gennep), 438Rivera-Servera, Ramón H., 177Roberts, Robin, 32Robinson, Max, 264

Rodríguez, Juana María, 220, 229Roen, Katrina, 258–259role confusion, 62–63Roloff, Lee, 62Romans, book of, 291romantic attraction, 56–58, 60, 256–257,

454Romanticism, 359–360, 361–362Ronan, Saoirse, 252“roommates,” 274Roosevelt, Eleanor, 208Rosario, Margaret, 75–76Roscoe, Will, 441Rosenberg, Ethel, 399Rosenberg, Jordy, 384Rothstein, Edward, 396Round the Horne (BBC radio show),

35–36Rowling, J. K., 16Ruby (Guy), 368–369Rucker, Philip, 32Rudacille, Deborah, 103Rumi (Sufi poet), 297–298RuPaul (drag queen), 164, 183–184, 383,

396RuPaul’s Drag Race (TV series), 164,

183–185, 383–384Russell, Steve, 151Russia, 342–343, 348Russian Federation Court, 343Rustin, Bayard, 157Rutgers University, 212–213Ruth, biblical story of, 287Rwanda, 349Rylance, Valerie, 304Ryman, Geoff, 365

Sable, Alan, 279–280Sacred and the Profane, The (Eliade), 441safe sex, 182, 208, 296SAGE (Service & Advocacy for GLBT

Elders), 239Said, Edward, 344Saint, Assoto, 388Salmacis (Greek mythological figure), 105sameness/differentness integration, 67–68




500 INDEX

“Samesex Marriage and Morality” (Wolfson), 329

same-sex marriages: African policies concerning, 347–350; AIDS epidemic and absence of, 329–330; Australian prohibition against, 351–352; ballot measures about, 324–325; Buddhism and, 303; Catholicism and, 342; deciding on, 233–234; EU antidiscrim-ination polices regarding, 341; film portrayals of, 231–232; Hinduism and, 301–302; legal cases involving, 318, 329, 331–333; legalization movement, 329–330; legalization of, 64, 124, 215, 234, 332–333; marriage-like arrange-ments preceding, 329, 341; Middle Eastern prohibitions against, 343–344; monogamy differences in, 231–232; Native American tribal laws concern-ing, 150–151; partner benefits from, 215, 331–332; queer citizenship and, 323, 329; queer community internal debate over, 330–331; Russian prohi-bitions against, 342; social approval of, 124; wedding announcements for, 64–65

Same-Sex Unions in Premodern Europe (Boswell), 232

Sandahl, Carrie, 277, 455“Sandman, The” (Hoffmann), 362San Francisco, 391; drag-ball culture in,

222; queer Buddhists in, 304, 434–437; queer community in, 361; queer Native Americans in, 151; queer sports leagues in, 274

San Francisco Council of Churches, 436San Francisco Zen Center, 435Sapphire (author), 398Sappho, 22, 79Sartorius, Norman, 244–245satanism, 308Saturday Night Fever (film; 1977), 396Saussure, Ferdinand de, 3Savage, Dan, 31Savage, Robert, 396Savage Mind, The (Levi-Strauss), 438Savin-Williams, Ritch C., 76–77, 83–84,

258

Scandinavian Society, 114scholarships, 273school clubs, 209School of Visual Arts (New York), 391schools: middle/high, 205–209; religious,

204, 215, 368; as total institutions, 201–202, 211–212. See also elementa-ry education/schools

Schoolworld: defined, 201–202, 454; educational institutions as sites of, 200; in elementary schools, 202–203; identity development and, 208; Issues for Investigation, 217; in middle/high schools, 205–208; negative effect of, 202–203; teachers/adults and, 203–204

Schulman, Sarah, 388, 390, 399, 400science education, 199, 200–201Scientific Humanitarian Committee, 319scrapbooking, 220Sea in the Blood (video), 182Sears, James T., 2042 Samuel, book of, 287Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky, 5, 72, 73, 96,

211, 258–259“Seeking Care” (Berry), 215–216self-actualization, 126self-harm, 258–260Selma (film; 2014), 157Semenya, Caster, 274September 11 (2001) attacks, 323SerVaas, Cory, 394Serving in Silence (Cammermeyer), 335Sexing the Body (Fausto-Sterling), 94–95,

106sexism, 238, 271, 343, 380–381sexology, 14sex segregation, 134, 138sexual abuse, 295–296sexual fluidity, 56–58, 59, 78–79, 446sexual identity: assumptions about, 194;

binaries in, 3; queer, 386; questioning, 26–27; social openness about, 274; trans people and, 259; Two-Spirit people and, 150

sexuality: black male, 162; Buddhist view of, as illusion, 302–303; gay male, 279; gender vs., 86; high school as site of




INDEX 501

first experiences of, 208; lower-class, 141; medicalization of, 245–246; mo-nogamous, 229–231; nonheteronorma-tive, 13, 246, 362–363; performances of, 87; polysexual relationships, 231; “queer” linguistic history and, 16–17; reproductive philosophies of, 410; same-sex, 341, 342–343; schooling of, 194–195, 203, 252; as uncanny, 363–364

sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), 76, 208

sexual orientation, 214–215; as change-able, 246, 281; as choice, 201; citizen-ship vs. naturalization and, 318; gender identity vs., 337–338; of intersex people, 109–110; as uncanny, 363–364

sexual pleasure (jouissance), 410sexual reassignment, 25, 112–115sex work, 228, 259–260, 350Shaer, Matthew, 336Shaffer, L. S., 438Shakespeare, William, 210shamanism, 150, 305, 435Shams (Sufi mystic), 298Shelley, Mary, 359, 363Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 359Shepard, Matthew, 338Sherry, Michael S., 358Sherwood, Bill, 397Shi’ite Muslims, 297, 343Shilts, Randy, 261, 454Shiva (Hindu deity), 301Short History of a Prince, The (Hamilton),

8, 74, 416–421showers, 138Shriver, Eunice Kennedy, 276Shultz, Jackson Wright, 86, 100–101Sicha, Choire, 229Sidibe, Gabourney, 398sin, 284Singer, Peter, 87sinthome, 410, 454sissy, 95, 175, 203Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence (SPI), 379Size Queen (’zine), 257skepticism, 310

Skin: Talking about Sex, Class and Litera-ture (Allison), 144–146

Slagle, R. Tony, 4–5slang, 32Slant (magazine), 395slavery, 153–155Slouching towards Gaytheism (Harris),

310–311Slovenia, 342Smith, Patti, 44–45smoking, 235, 254–255Snider, Stefanie, 257Socarides, Charles, 250social class. See classsocial contract, 317sociality, 220–221; bar culture and, 253–

254; family bonds, 221–225; Issues for Investigation, 242–243; marriage and, 232–234; queer aging and, 235–239; romantic bonds, 225–232

socialization, 197social media, 205social mobility, 133, 139–140, 166, 188social movements, 323–324, 325,

338–339, 454social studies education, 199–200,

216–217society, integration into, 64–65Society and the Healthy Homosexual

(Weinberg), 244, 246Socrates, 45–46Sodom, 284–287, 298, 326sodomite, 14, 155, 246, 284, 454sodomy, 284, 343sodomy laws, 326–329, 343, 346, 348, 349Someday (Levithan), 373Sontag, Susan, 378–379, 380, 384, 402Sophocles, 378Soules, Marshall, 318Sounds of HIV (Pajek), 396South Africa, 299, 347–348, 350South America, 351South Asia, 351South Asian immigrants, 179, 182Southeast Asia, 351Southern Baptists, 291




502 INDEX

Southwest African People’s Organization (SWAPO), 350

Soviet Union, 341, 342space: discursive, 318; “in-between,” 202;

queer, 115, 208, 226; women-only, 102–103, 195, 386–388, 412, 428–434

Spain, 173Spangler, Brie, 372Spanglish, 382Spanish American War (1898), 165Spanish language, 166, 167Sparks, Sarah D., 199Special Olympics, 275–276Spenser, Edmund, 306Spielberg, Steven, 160Spiral Dance, The (Starhawk), 309spirituality: atheist/faith-based collabora-

tions and, 311–313; Earth-centered, 305–309; gay, 306–307; Issues for Investigation, 314; Native American, 150, 403; relational theology and, 294–295; religion vs., 284; use of term, 311; women-centered, 308–309. See also religion; specific religion

sports: Christian evangelical mind-set in, 273; college/professional, 272–274; Gay Games, 275–276; gay men in, 272–273; high school, 208; lesbians in, 272, 273–274; queer amateur teams/leagues, 274–275; as queer space, 226; queer stereotypes and, 194, 271–272

Spotlight (film; 2015), 295Spring, Justin, 392–393Springsteen, Bruce, 395Spyer, Thea, 332stage model, 457Stagestruck (Schulman), 399Standards of Care for the Health of Trans-

sexual, Transgender, and Gender Non-conforming People (SOC; WPATH), 92–93, 95, 113, 457

Stanford University, 29, 126Starhawk, 309Stations of the Sun, The (Hutton), 439“Staying I(ra)n” (Abdi), 347St. Claire, Veronica, 240St. Cloud (MN), 277–278

Steam Clean (public service video), 181–182

Stedman, Chris, 311–313steelworkers, 136–139Steers, Hugh Auchincloss, 392–393Stein, Gertrude, 20Stepaniuk, Casey, 369–370sterilization, forced, 141, 278Steuben, Friedrich von, 333Stevens, John Paul, 328sticky rice, 183Still/Here (dance piece; B. T. Jones),

401–402“Still Loving in the (Still) War Years”

(Moraga), 169–170Stone, Amy, 323–325Stone, Sandy, 99Stonewall Book Awards, 370, 374Stonewall Riots (1969): art and politics

following, 377; camp politicized during, 379; changes resulting from, as habitus, 324; commemorations of, 385; “Don’t Say Gay” legislation and, 208; education about, 208, 210; Freud/Marx questioned following, 56; gay male stigmatization following, 260; gay sensibility and, 358; Latinx people and, 177; queer linguistic history and, 14, 20; queer literary scene following, 224; same-sex commitment ceremonies following, 232; trans/intersex involve-ment in, 337–338

St. Paul (MN), 225–226“Streets of Philadelphia” (song; Spring-

steen), 395Strong Women, Deep Closets (P. Griffin),

273structuralism, 3Stryker, Susan, 15, 17–18, 99, 100, 325Studds, Gerry, 325sublime, 359–361, 365, 455substance abuse, 254, 260, 435Sucking Sherbet Lemons (Carson), 35Sue, Derald Wing, 214Sufism, 297–298, 455suicidality, 258–260suicides, 205–206




INDEX 503

Sullivan, Andrew, 269–270, 329, 330Sullivan, Annie, 382Sunni Muslims, 297Sunseri, David, 303–304superego, 48, 455surveillance, 194–195, 203, 245, 317swayamvara, 302, 457Sweet Tea (Johnson), 163Sylvester (singer), 395–396Symons, Caroline, 275symphonic music, 396Symposium (Plato), 46–47, 414–416synchronic linguistics, 12, 455syncretism, 307, 438, 439, 441Syria, 346–347Syrian Americans, 179

Taíno people, 165Tallahassee (FL), 382–383Tambor, Jeffrey, 98Tarrant, Shira, 93–94Tarttelin, Abigail, 111Taste for Brown Bodies, A (Pérez),

176–177Tatchell, Peter, 346Taylor, Jami K., 338teachers, 133; heterosexually identified,

204; microaggressions by, 214; mid-dle-school, 205; queer, 203–204, 209, 211

Teeman, Tim, 346–347Tejanos(as), 165, 166television, 396–397Temple University, 249Tennessee, 207–208tenofovir, 269terror, sense of, 359–360terrorism, 323Terrorist Assemblages (Puar), 322testosterone, 273–274Testosterone Files, The (Valerio), 153Texas, 328, 333, 341Texas State Senate, 326Tex-Mex language, 167textbooks, 196–197

Thailand, 183thanatos, 48, 457“That’s What Friends Are For” (song;

Warwick), 395Thematic Apperception Test, 248This Bridge Called My Back (ed. Moraga

and Anzaldúa), 153, 168Thompson, Karen, 278Thorndal, Mary, 240Thorpe, David, 31“Timeline of HIV and AIDS, A” (govern-

ment document), 262, 263–264Time magazine, 334Tipping the Velvet (Walters), 91Tiresias (Greek seer), 105Title IX, 341tobacco use, 254–255Toddlers & Tiaras (TV series), 142To Kill a Mockingbird (Lee), 140tomboys, 90toms, 90–91Tongues Untied (documentary film; 1989),

398Tony Awards, 398–399, 401top/bottom dynamic, 173–174“tops,” 294Torah, 288, 289, 290tortillera (Latina lesbian vulgarity), 175total institution, 201–202, 211–212, 455tourism, 351–352tranny, 32, 383trans, 17–18trans- (prefix), 24trans*, 25, 457Trans* in College (Niccolazzo), 215Trans* Policies & Experiences in Housing

& Residence Life (ed. Garvey), 215trans+, 25transgender activism, 321, 339Transgender Aging Network, 239transgender desires, 24transgender identity: camp and, 384; child

custody and, 221; in children, 96; coming out and, 136–137, 139; diffi-culties discussing, 100; disability and, 280; discrimination against, 386; hate




504 INDEX

crimes and, 337–338; invisibility of, 244; medicalization of, 345; in Middle East, 345; in the military, 336; queer theology and, 295; sexual orientation vs., 338; as socially accepted/“normal-ized,” 99; “transgender” usage and, 92; as uncanny, 362–363, 365; in young adult fiction, 372–375

transgender language, 22transgender men, 102, 136, 138, 306, 341Transgender Nation, 15transgender rights, 339Transgender Studies Quarterly (TSQ;

journal), 99transgender/transgender people: African

policies concerning, 347–349; aging, 239; artistic production among, 389; Asian American, 183; binaries and, 99; black, 156, 164; butch lesbians and, 169–170; challenges facing, 100–103, 259; children of, 235, 236; citizenship and, 345; class experiences of, 122; code-switching by, 34; of color, 123, 158, 164; coming-out experiences of, 69, 122, 127; denaturalization of, 318; disability and, 280; discrimina-tion against, 233–234, 323; drag vs., 383–384; employment difficulties of, 164, 239; gender identity and, 259, 363; hate crimes against, 337–338; health challenges of, 239, 259–260; HIV infection among, 389; intersex people and, 110; Islam and, 299, 345; Judaism and, 289–290; late-life transitions of, 236; LGB people vs., 138, 323; linguistic history of, 22, 24–26; medical/surgical interventions for, 92–93, 96–97; in Middle East, 345; military ban on, 337; military service of, 336–337; as parents, 410; passabil-ity of, 339; political issues, 338–341; psychological interventions for, 97–98; public sphere and, 319–320; queer activist exclusion of, 325; queer bodies of, 86, 90–92; same-sex marriage and, 233–234; in school contexts, 201, 214–215; sex/gender distinction and, 93–95; social bonding of, 220, 230, 236; in sports, 274; terms associated

with, 40; Two-Spirit people vs., 149; as uncanny, 363; use of term, 153, 348–349, 457; violence against, 138, 214; visibility of, 98–100, 195, 201, 214; working-class, 136, 138; in young adult fiction, 365, 370–376; as young adult fiction authors, 371. See also transgender identity; transgender men; transgender women; transphobia

transgender women: Asian American, 183; of color, 164; discrimination against, 102–103, 386; drag queens vs., 383–384; fear of, 339–340; feminin-ity of, 176; film portrayals of, 389; HIV infection among, 234, 270, 389; military service of, 336–337; radical feminism and, 22; women-centered neo-paganism and, 307–308; work-ing-class, 136

transnational movements, 341–342transnormativity, 321Transparent (TV series), 98transphobia, 93; AIDS epidemic and, 270;

at colleges/universities, 212; of gay men, 158; in nursing homes/assist-ed-living facilities, 240; pinkwashing and, 323; in school contexts, 200; Two-Spirit people and, 150; white su-premacy and, 206; young adult fiction and, 375

Trans/Portraits (Shultz), 100–101trans sensibility, 358transsexual, 24–25, 92, 93, 99, 112–115,

153, 410, 458transsexual rights, 114transubstantiation, 293transvestite, 24, 90–91, 458Trask, Stephen, 47Travolta, John, 380Treat, John Whittier, 391Treichler, Paula, 270Trembling before G_d (documentary film;

2001), 289triads, 231Triangle Square (Hollywood, CA), 241Trinity, 291, 294Triumph of the Moon, The (Hutton), 438




INDEX 505

Troiden, Richard, 74–75Troyano, Alina, 381–382Trump, Donald J., 165, 196, 337, 399Truvada, 269Turcot Yards (Montreal, Quebec), 360Turner, Lana, 114Two Boys Kissing (Levithan), 373–374Two-Spirit people: devaluing of, 150–151;

growth of, as identity, 151–153; Native American spirituality and, 403; as sha-mans, 150; use of term, 149–150, 456

UCLA, 247Uganda, 348uncanny, the, 361–364, 365“Uncanny, The” (Freud), 361–362uncanny valley, the, 362, 363undocumented immigrants, 196Unitarian Universalism, 290, 312United Church of Christ (UCC), 163–164United Kingdom, 253United Methodist Church, 163United Nations, 347United States: AIDS cases in, 268; AIDS

response of, 260, 264, 296; bar culture in, 225, 253; citizenship discourse in, 176; class in, 121–122, 141; “coming out” origins in, 69; deindustrializa-tion in, 139–140; exceptionalism of, 121; gay imams in, 299; individual identity in, 60–61; labor movement and masculinity in, 137; Latinx people and culture of, 165; police shootings in, 317; self-image of, 352; social-mobili-ty ideology in, 133, 139–140, 166, 188; sodomy laws in, 326–329; student un-rest in (1968), 53; transgender history in, 100. See also United States—queer politics in

United States—queer politics in: ballot measures, 323, 324–325; hate crimes/speech, 337–338; LGBTQ+ politicians, 325–326; military issues, 333–337; social movements, 323–324, 325; sodomy laws, 326–329; trans/intersex politics, 338–341. See also same-sex marriages

United States Air Force, 334United States Air Force Academy, 337United States Congress, 151, 223,

325–326, 338United States Constitution: First Amend-

ment, 322; Fourteenth Amendment, 327, 328–329, 331, 332

United States Federal Drug Administration (FDA), 268, 269

United States Health and Human Services Department, 263

United States House of Representatives, 325–326, 336

United States Military Academy (West Point, NY), 337, 339

United States Senate, 336United States Supreme Court: Bowers v.

Hardwick, 327–328; citizenship vs. naturalization and, 318; Lawrence v. Texas, 328–329; Obergefell v. Hodges, 65, 215, 234, 332–333; transgender military ban upheld by, 337; United States v. Windsor, 331–332

United States v. Windsor, 331–332Université de Paris, 54University of Michigan, 176–177University of Pennsylvania, 249“unknowability,” 298upper class, 133upper middle class, 133U.S. News and World Report, 196Utopia in Performance (Dolan), 412utopias, imperfection of, 411–412

Valentine Road (documentary film), 207Valerio, Max Wolf, 153Valiente, Doreen, 308vampires, 363Vanderbilt, Gloria, 125Vanita, Ruth, 301–302, 455Van Zant, Charles, 196Velvet Goldmine (film; 1998), 35, 40Velvet Underground, 395Very Recent History (Sicha), 229“victim art,” 402Vidal, Gore, 392




506 INDEX

Vidal-Ortiz, Salvador, 171Vietnamese Americans, 179Vietnam War, 334violence, in school contexts, 205, 214Violet Quill (Society), 390Virtuous Vice (Clarke), 319visibility politics, 319, 341–342. See also

invisibilityVogel, Lisa, 102, 103, 386–387Voices from the Pagan Census (Berger,

Leach, and Shaffer), 438, 440

Waddell, Tom, 275–276Wade, Lisa, 226–228Wahls, Zach, 223–224Walker, Alice, 160Walker, Mitch, 305, 306Walker Art Center (Minneapolis), 402“walkers,” 124Walters, John, 349Walters, Sarah, 91Wanderer above the Sea of Fog (painting;

Friedrich), 359Wanting the Music (documentary film),

388“Wanting the Music” (Edwalds), 428–434Warner, Michael, 5Warren, Rick, 349Warwick, Dionne, 395Was (Ryman), 365Washington, George, 333Washington Post, 312–313WASPs (white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestants),

125, 130Waters, John, 379–380wedding announcements, 64–65, 243weddings, 233, 242–243Wegener, Einar, 112. See also Elbe, LiliWei, Molly, 213Weinberg, George, 244, 246Weiner, Joshua J., 220Weinstein, Jeff, 358Weston, Kath, 221–222What Looks Like Crazy on an Ordinary

Day (Cleage), 390“When Plagues End” (Sullivan), 269–270

When Sex Became Gender (Tarrant), 93–94

Whisman, Vera, 70, 78White, Byron, 327White, E. B., 374–376White, Edmund, 262, 390–391White, Ryan, 263white-collar managers, 134white-collar professionals, 125–129white male artists, 388–389whiteness: Asian Americans and, 188;

class and, 118, 123–124, 158–159; defined, 456; intersectionality and, 148; Issues for Investigation, 145–146; as normative, 118, 148; privilege and, 118, 120–121; queerness and, 123–124; sociality and, 220; strategies central to, 119–120

“Whiteness: A Strategic Rhetoric” (Na-kayama and Krizek), 119–120

Whitesel, Jason, 257–258white supremacy, 155, 206white trash, 140White Trash (Isenberg), 121, 140Whitney, Kobai Scott, 304, 434–437“Why Are All the Gay Ghettoes White?”

(Nero), 157“Why I’m Not Transgender” (Valerio), 153Wicca, 307, 308–309, 437–441, 456Wicked Years, The (Maguire), 365widows, 64WikiLeaks, 99, 336Wilbur, Richard, 413Wilcox, Melissa, 379Wilde, Oscar, 16, 72, 125, 377Wiley, Christine, 163Wiley, Dennis, 163Wilkins, Diane, 382–383Will and Grace (TV sitcom), 30, 130–131,

132Williams, Serena, 272Winant, Howard, 157Windhoek (Namibia), 350Windsor, Edie, 331–332Winston, Kimberly, 312–313Winter, Kathleen, 110–111




INDEX 507

Wisconsin, 326witchcraft, 308Wizard of Oz, The (film; 1939), 33, 364Wolfson, Evan, 329, 331wolves, 258women: African American, 390; alco-

hol use among, 253–254; camp and exaggerated imitation of, 380–381; -centered neopaganism, 307–309; of color, 168; community celebrations of, 386–388; heterosexual, HIV infection among, 398; machismo and, 171; masculine aspect of (animus), 306; -only spaces, 102–103, 195, 386–388, 412, 428–434; romantic bonds of, 229–230; sports and testosterone levels of, 273–274. See also femininity; feminism; feminism, second-wave; lesbianism/lesbians

women’s sexuality, 56, 57womyn, 102–103, 428–434, 456Woodard, Vincent, 154–155Woodruff, Ron, 389Woodson, Jacqueline, 160Woolf, Virginia, 211working class, 121–122, 133–134working-class queers, 134–140working poor, 133, 140, 160. See also

lower class; lower-class queersWorld AIDS Day, 264World Health Organization (WHO), 244,

269World Professional Association for Trans-

gender Health (WPATH), 92–93World War II, 65, 321–322, 333–334, 343

Wrestling with Gods and Men (Greenberg), 289

Wyoming, 338, 361

XXY (film), 111

Yale University, 125, 392YMCA, 271yoga, 300Yosef, Ron, 288Yoshino, Kenji, 216Yosi, Rabbi, 290“You Make Me Feel (Mighty Real)” (song;

Sylvester), 395Young, Damon, 220Young, Neil, 395young adult fiction: AIDS epidemic in,

365, 390; awards for, 370, 374; contro-versies over, 369–370, 375; gay male characters in, 365, 367–368; gender identity issues explored in, 365–367; gender nonconforming characters in, 364–365, 366; intersex characters in, 371, 372; lesbian characters in, 366, 367, 368–369; same-sex romantic/physical attraction in, 367–370; trans-gender characters in, 365, 370–376

YouTube, 40

Zami (Lorde), 160Zane, Arnie, 401Zellman, Reuban, 290Zen Buddhism, 303–304zoot-suit culture, 167




index [harringtonparkpress.com] · 472 aarp, 240 abbas, hakima, 349 abbott, alysia, 224–225...

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