increase aep by 2% with improved wind measurement

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ROMO Wind is a technology and service company and the exclusive provider of the patented iSpin technology. We provide our customers with the best solutions for measuring, monitoring and improving wind turbine performance for a better return on their investment.

ROMO Wind at a glance

ROMO Wind AG Baarer Strasse 80 6300 Zug Switzerland [email protected] Offices in Denmark, Germany, Italy, UK, Ireland, Spain, Switzerland and France.

21 January 2016 | ROMO Wind Introducing the spinner anemometer iSpin

Our partner in North America:

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Agenda

Create transparency in your wind park operations by monitoring 3

A solution: The iSpin technology 2

The problem: Inaccurate wind measurements at wind turbines 1


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Illustration of why nacelle anemometers don’t work

Wind vane issues •  Even very small installation errors mean large yaw misalignments •  Sensor resolution •  Errors with the wind sensors •  Turbines today do not monitor and correct yaw misalignments

Site conditions differ •  Terrain conditions •  Turbine prototype test conditions •  Other wind turbines

Ancillary equipment alters the nacelle flow •  Retrofitting of e.g. new aviation lights •  Relocation or change of wind direction sensor •  Nacelle based lidars


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Agenda

3

2

1

Create transparency in your wind park operations by monitoring

A solution: The iSpin technology

The problem: Inaccurate wind measurements at wind turbines


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Overcoming issues with current wind measurements

Control loads

Yaw misalignment

correction

Relative power curve comparisons

Improve production

forecast

iSpin

Improve performance

Reduce

maintenance costs

Life time extension

Optimise revenues

Monitor performance

Position of conventional nacelle

anemometer

Position of iSpin spinner anemometer


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The iSpin technology

•  Invented and developed by DTU / RISØ in Denmark since 2004 •  Innovative application of “old” proven ultrasonic measurement technology •  Since April 2013: IEC 61400-12-2 standard for performance measurement •  Acquired and industrially developed by ROMO Wind since 2011

•  What iSpin measures:

-  Wind speed (rotor speed and “free” wind) -  Yaw misalignment -  Inclination angle -  Turbulence intensity -  Temperature -  Air density (by adding an air pressure sensor) -  Wind direction (by adding a nacelle direction sensor)


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How the spinner anemometer works

38 degree yaw misalignment 0 degree yaw misalignment

Measured wind speed by the 3 sensors at wind direction 90° to rotor swept area

Measured wind speed by the 3 sensors on a wind turbine with yaw misalignment


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Agenda

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Power performance 3.3

Advanced wind measurements 3.2

Yaw misalignments 3.1


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Yaw misalignment measured with iSpin

static yaw misalignment

range of dynamic yaw misalignment

relevant range of wind speeds


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Yaw misalignment monitoring is necessary

15o initial yaw misalignment

Correction

Wind vane exchange

Re-correction

Wind vane exchange Aviation lights


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Static yaw misalignments are very frequent

ROMO Wind’s static yaw misalignment statistics (266 wind turbines)

Static yaw misalignment <4° 4°- 8° 8°-12° 12°-16° >16°

Distribution 48% 28% 14% 5% 5%

à 1,98% more AEP by having the static yaw misalignments corrected.

Every day without yaw misalignment optimisation is a net loss.


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Yaw misalignments = loss of production

Yaw misalignments

Lower production

4° 0.5%

6° 1.1%

8° 1.9%

10° 3.0%

12° 4.3%

14° 5.9%

16° 7.6%

18° 9.5%

Relative power curve comparison


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All turbine types suffer yaw misalignment – to varying degrees

Per turbine type 21 January 2016 | ROMO Wind Introducing the spinner anemometer iSpin

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Benchmarking of yaw control (1/2)

Bad yaw control Average yaw control Good yaw control


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Yaw misalignments = higher loads*

*report by GL Garrad Hassan, Fatigue Load Calculations for ROMO Wind to Assess Sensitivity to Changes in 10-min Mean Yaw Error, 29-11-2012, report is publicly available on our website www.romowind.com in the “Knowledge centre” section.

.


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Agenda

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Advanced wind measurements: wind speed


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24% turbulence intensity




Enables comparison of the original site evaluation with measured data for turbulence intensity and flow inclination. IEC 61400: •  Turbulence intensity A < 18%; B < 16% •  Flow inclination < 8°

Turbulence intensity and flow inclination


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Advanced wind measurements: turbulence intensity


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Advanced wind measurements: flow inclination


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Power Curve Measurements


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High correlation between met mast and iSpin


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Power curve comparison (1/2)

Met mast Nacelle based LiDAR

Nacelle anemometer iSpin

Filtered for wake, air density and wind sector according to IEC standard. iSpin shows 30% less variation on wind speeds than met-mast and LiDAR

Forward looking wind measurement Local wind measurement


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Power curves and scatter (std. dev.) in undisturbed inflow 101 – 229 deg

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 5 10 15 20 25

Pow

er [k

W]

Wind speed [m/s]

Manufacturer

SA

Lidar

Met-mast

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

0 5 10 15 20

Sta

ndar

d de

viat

ion

[kW

]

Wind speed [m/s]

SA

Lidar

Met-mast

Comparison with the IEC met mast measurement: iSpin 2 IEC: Δ = 0,4 % Lidar 2 IEC: Δ = -7,7 %

Comparison with the warrantied power curve: IEC 2 PCw: Δ = 1,2 % iSpin 2 PCw: Δ = 1,6 % Lidar 2 PCw: Δ = -6,5 %


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Power curves – undisturbed inflow 101 – 229 deg

Power curves for turbines 2,3,4,5,6,10,11,12,13 Turbines 7,8,9 running in noise reduced mode – different power curves. Turbine 1 with different installation mode. Data #2,3,4,5,6: 7 Sep -> 22 Oct 2015 #1,10,11,12: 23 Sep -> 22 Oct 2015

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Pow

er [k

W]

Wind speed [m/s]

Power curves - undisturbed inflow

NKE02, AEP=9.196 GWh, 1.10% w.r.t MF NKE03, AEP=9.189 GWh, 1.02% w.r.t MF NKE04, AEP=9.244 GWh, 1.63% w.r.t MF NKE05, AEP=9.260 GWh, 1.81% w.r.t MF NKE06, AEP=9.077 GWh, -0.20% w.r.t MF NKE10, AEP=9.198 GWh, 01.12% w.r.t MF NKE11, AEP=9.130 GWh, 0.38% w.r.t MF NKE12, AEP=9.292 GWh, 2.16% w.r.t MF NKE13, AEP=9.0167 GWh, -0.88% w.r.t MF Manufacturer (MF) power curve

Comparison with the IEC met mast measurement: iSpin 2 IEC: Δav. = 0,4 %; Δmax = 1,0 %

Comparison with the warranted power curve: iSpin 2 PCw: Δav. = 1,3 %; Δmax = 2,2 % (except for NKE01 where sensor mounting was slightly different, 4.7%)


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Power curve comparison (2/2)

Met mast Nacelle based LiDAR

Nacelle anemometer iSpin

Forward looking wind measurement Local wind measurement

No filtering for wind sector or wake. The nacelle anemometer power curve as seen in SCADA system.


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Power curves and scatter (std. dev.) in undisturbed inflow 0 – 360 deg

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 5 10 15 20 25

Pow

er [k

W]

Wind speed [m/s]

Manufacturer

SA

Lidar

Met-mast

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 5 10 15 20 25

Sta

ndar

d de

viat

ion

[kW

]

Wind speed [m/s]

SA

Lidar

Met-mast

Comparison with the IEC power curve measurement: iSpin 2 IEC*: Δ = 0,1 % *… IEC compliant in the free wind sectors only

Comparison with the warrantied power curve: iSpin 2 PCw*: Δ = 1,63 % *… IEC compliant in the free wind sectors only


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Power curves 0–360 deg including wakes

Power curves for turbines 2,3,4,5,6,10,11,12,13 Turbines 7,8,9 running in noise reduced mode – different power curves (not shown) Turbine 1 – different installation mode Data #2,3,4,5,6: 7 Sep -> 22 Oct 2015 #1,10,11,12: 23 Sep -> 22 Oct 2015

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Pow

er [k

W]

Wind speed [m/s]

Power curves 0-360 deg including wakes

NKE02, AEP=9.179 GWh, 0.92% w.r.t MF NKE03, AEP=9.158 GWh, 0.69% w.r.t MF NKE04, AEP=9.214 GWh, 1.30% w.r.t MF NKE05, AEP=9.203 GWh, 1.18% w.r.t MF NKE06, AEP=9.056 GWh, -0.43% w.r.t MF NKE10, AEP=9.135 GWh, 0.43% w.r.t MF NKE11, AEP=9.079 GWh, -0.18% w.r.t MF NKE12, AEP=9.237 GWh, 1.56% w.r.t MF NKE13, AEP=8.967 GWh, -1.41% w.r.t MF Manufacturer (MF) power curve

Comparison with the IEC met mast measurement: iSpin 2 IEC: Δav. = -0,3 %; Δmax = 0,4 %

Comparison with the warranted power curve: iSpin 2 PCw: Δav. = 0,9 %; Δmax = 1,6 % (except for NKE01 where sensor mounting was slightly different, 4.7%)


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Summary: iSpin brings tangible and large benefits

Increased annual energy production: •  Possible to measure and correct static yaw alignments (~2.0 % AEP increase) •  Enables improved turbine operation to account for sector wise characteristics based on actual

measurements (turbulence intensity, flow inclination, etc.) •  Enables assessment and documentation of the effects of other optimisation technologies by accurately

measuring relative power curve changes •  Enables intervention if the wind turbine underperforms •  Some turbines can further increase the AEP by 0.2-1.5% by improving dynamic yaw problems. Requires

collaboration with turbine manufacturer

Prolonged turbine life time and reduced maintenance costs •  Correcting yaw misalignment reduces loads; stop decreasing life time and increasing maintenance costs of

major components (rotor, drivetrain, gearbox) •  Optimised turbine operation resulting from measurement of damaging wind conditions (flow inclinations and

turbulence intensity) in all wind sectors can also prolong life time and reduce maintenance costs


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Questions?

Karl Fatrdla Head of Sales Romo Wind AG 619.606.8797 [email protected]

Michelle Froese Editor - Moderator Windpower Engineering [email protected] @Windpower_Eng

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cos² relationship

Turbine comparison

Relative power curve comparison

Documented proof


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All turbine types suffer yaw misalignment – to varying degrees

Per turbine type 21 January 2016 | ROMO Wind Introducing the spinner anemometer iSpin

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Yaw misalignment measured with iSpin vs. lidar


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Yaw misalignment measured with iSpin vs. lidar open sectors*

*Wind sectors with wake effects or terrain obstacles filtered out


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EFFECT OF O&M RE-CALIBRATION OF WIND SENSORS


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RE-CALIBRATION OF WIND SENSORS

YM measured (degrees)

YM after OEM recalibration

Delta YM after recalibration

Turbine #1 7,8 11,0 3,2

Turbine #2 1,8 4,6 2,8

Turbine #3 4,2 6,8 2,6

Turbine #4 3,8 4,8 1

Turbine #5 6,7 7,2 0,5

Turbine #6 8,7 8,3 -0,4

Turbine #7 8,6 7,8 -0,8

Turbine #8 7,9 7,0 -0,9

Turbine #9 11,9 11,0 -0,9


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Relative power curve monitoring

For 6m/s annual wind speed with Rayleigh wind distribution the increase would be around 5.5%


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iSpin measurements not affected by vortex generator installation or yaw misalignment correction

iSpin vs met mast Nacelle anemometer vs met mast


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iSpin Basic

Designed for: •  Turbine owners and operators who want to

maximise the revenue from their installed base •  Permanent installation Data included in the quarterly reports: •  Static yaw misalignment

Power supply: •  Fixed power supply in hub: 230 VAC, 24 VDC

or 24 VAC (other by request)

Service technician interface: •  SMS via mobile phone •  LEDs on the iSMB HW

Requirements: •  Local SIM card for SMS and dial up data

(2G or 3G GSM coverage)

3 x Spinner Anemometer

Sensor Control Unit (Metek Box)

Hub/rotor Nacelle

Power supply

Data Collection and Communication Unit


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iSpin Advanced



Hub/rotor Nacelle

Power supply


Designed for: •  Turbine owners and operators •  Permanent installation Data included in the quarterly reports: •  All values from iSpin Basic •  Wind speed •  Turbulence intensity •  Flow inclination •  Temperature

Customer data interface: •  Modbus/TCP for online data •  FTP for historical data (10 min. avr.)

ROMO data interface: •  Mita-Teknik Gateway


or 24 VAC (other by request) Service technician interface: •  Web browser with Java

Requirements: •  Internet access via Broadband or local SIM

card for 3G data (3G GSM coverage on site)

Nacelle position Sensor (GPS) option 1*

ROMO Wind Data Centre via Internet

Nacelle power supply 230 VAC

Nacelle position Sensor/ option 2*


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iSpin Advanced Plus



Hub/rotor Nacelle

Power supply


ROMO Wind Data Centre via Internet

Nacelle power supply 230 VAC

Nacelle position Sensor/ option 2*

Nacelle position sensor (GPS) option 1* and Air pressure sensor

Designed for: •  Turbine owners and operators •  Permanent installation Data included in the quarterly reports: •  All values from iSpin Advanced •  Air density •  Relative power curve

Customer data interface: •  Modbus/TCP for online data •  FTP for historical data (10 min. avr.)

ROMO data interface: •  Mita-Teknik Gateway


or 24 VAC (other by request) Service technician interface: •  Web browser with Java

Requirements: •  Internet access via Broadband or local SIM

card for 3G data (3G GSM coverage on site)


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Installation of iSpin in the spinner

•  Installed from the inside of the spinner in all kinds of weather conditions (120 degrees spacing)

•  Spinner anemometer(s) aligned with the centre line •  Completed within 2 to 5 hours


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Installation of iSpin Advanced in the nacelle

•  Installation is independent of all other equipment in the wind turbine except for power in the spinner for iSpin Basic and power in the nacelle for iSpin Advanced / iSpin Advanced Plus.

Collector Ring

Fuse box Transformer


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