income statement & related information

30
INCOME STATEMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION C H A P T E R 4 Intermediate Accounting IFRS Edition Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield

Upload: rahmatia-azzindani

Post on 24-Jun-2015

228 views

Category:

Education


6 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Income statement & related information

INCOME STATEMENT AND RELATEDINFORMATION

C H A P T E R 4

Intermediate AccountingIFRS EditionKieso, Weygandt, and Warfield

Page 2: Income statement & related information

Income Statement

ManfaatEvaluasi kinerja masa lalu

Prediksi kinerja MAD

Membantu menimbang risiko atwketdkpastian utk memperoleh aruskas MAD

Page 3: Income statement & related information

Income Statement

KeterbatasanPerush menghilangkan item2 ygrelevan tdk dapat diukur.

Income terjadi karena metodaakuntansi yang dipakai.

Pengukuran Income melibatkanjudmen

Page 4: Income statement & related information

Kualitas Laba

Perush memiliki insentif untuk mengatur laba agarsesuai dengan ekspektasi pasar, sehinggaa :

Harga pasar saham meningkat dan

Nilai kompensasi manajemen meningkat.

Kualitas Laba berkurang jika laba dikelola sehinggainformasi yang dihasilkan kurang bermanfaat untukmemprediksi laba & arus kas MAD.

Page 5: Income statement & related information

Format Income StatementElements Income Statement

IFRS mensyaratkan, paling minim, item2 ini harus disajikandalam income statement.

Page 6: Income statement & related information

IntermediateComponents

Common forcompanies topresent some or allof these sectionsand totals withinthe incomestatement.

Page 7: Income statement & related information

Termasuk didalamnyaitem utama dari daftardi atas, kecuali untukoperasi perush yangtidak berlanjut(discontinuedoperations).

Format

Ilustrasi

Page 8: Income statement & related information

Format of the Income StatementDipadatkan

Lebih banyakdijumpai dalampraktik karenadianggap lebihrepresentatif.

Page 9: Income statement & related information

Pelaporan di dalam LaporanLaba Rugi

Gross Profit

HPP dikurangi pendapatan penjualan bersih.

Pengungkapan pendapatan penjualan bersih perlu.

Pendapatan yg tdkbiasa atw tiba2 diungkap dalam biayadan pendapatan lain.

Income from Operations

Reported by

Nature, or

Function

Page 10: Income statement & related information

Expense Classification

Illustration: Asumi KAP Telaris Co. menyediakan jasa audit,pajak dan konsultasi. Berikut adalah pendapatan dan biayaperush.

Page 11: Income statement & related information

Klasifikasi Biaya (Pendekatan berdasarkan Sifat-dari-Biaya)

Page 12: Income statement & related information

Klasifikasi Biaya (Pendekatan berdasarkan Fungsi-dari-Biaya)

Klasifikasi metoda biaya seringkali digunakan dalam praktik. Meskipundemikian banyak perush percaya bahwa kedua pendekatan tersebutbermanfaat.

Page 13: Income statement & related information

Gains and Losses Illustration 4-7jumlah item yangdilaporkan sebanyak 600perush besar

Page 14: Income statement & related information

IASB menyatakan bahwa :

Pendapatan & biaya dan;

Pendapatan & biaya lainnya

Harus dilaporkan sebagai bagian dari pendapatan operasi.

Gains and Losses

Item tambahan yang perlu untuk diungkapkan: Kerugian penurunan nilai persediaan thdp NRV maupun utk PPE.

Kerugian krn restrukturisasi.

Laba atw rugi akibat keusangan PPE atw investasi.

Adanya tuntutan hukum.

Lain-lain terkait kewajiban.

Page 15: Income statement & related information

Income before Income Tax

Net Income

Page 16: Income statement & related information

Allocation to Non-Controlling Interest

Jika perush menyiapkan laporan konsolidasi, maka laporan labarugi memuat bagian kepemilikan. IFRS menyatakan bahwa lababersih dialokasikan untuk controlling and non-controlling interest.Alokasi ini dilaporkan pada bagian bawah laporan laba rugisetelah laba bersih.

Page 17: Income statement & related information

Earnings Per Share

Net income - Preference dividends

Weighted average of ordinary shares outstanding

Earnings Per Share (BE4-10): In 2010, Hollis Corporationreported net income of $1,000,000. It declared and paidpreference share dividends of $250,000. During 2010, Hollis hada weighted average of 190,000 ordinary shares outstanding.Compute Hollis’s 2010 earnings per share.

Page 18: Income statement & related information

Discontinued Operations

Perush melaporkan sebagai kegiatan operasi yang dihentikan:

1. (dalam kategori yang terpisah dari laporan laba-rugi) laba-rugi yang berasal dari dihentikannya komponen kegiatanbisnis.

2. Hasil kegiatan operasi yang akan dihentikan namunterpisah dari kegiatan operasional yang masih berlanjut.

3. Pengaruh pajak sebagai akibat dari kegiatan operasi yangdihentikan, dimasukkan dalam perhitungan.

Page 19: Income statement & related information

Illustration: Multiplex Products, a highly diversified company,decides to discontinue its electronics division. During the currentyear, the electronics division lost $300,000 (net of tax). Multiplexsold the division at the end of the year at a loss of $500,000 (netof tax).

Income from continuing operations $20,000,000Discontinued operations:

Loss from operations, net of tax 300,000Loss on disposal, net of tax 500,000

Total loss on discontinued operations 800,000

Net income $19,200,000

Page 20: Income statement & related information

Perush yangmelaporkankegiatan perushyang dihentikanwajib menyiapkanlaporanjumlah/bagian itemyang terkaitlangsung denganlaporan laba-rugiatau dicatatan L/K.

Illustration 4-12

Page 21: Income statement & related information

Intraperiod Tax Allocation“let the tax follow the income”

Illustration: Schindler Co. has income before income tax of$250,000. It has a gain of $100,000 from a discontinuedoperation. Assuming a 30 percent income tax rate, Schindlerpresents the following information on the income statement.

Illustration 4-13

Page 22: Income statement & related information

Illustration: Schindler Co. has income before income tax of$250,000. It has a loss of $100,000 from a discontinuedoperation. Assuming a 30 percent income tax rate, Schindlerpresents the following information on the income statement.

Illustration 4-14

Page 23: Income statement & related information

Other Reporting IssuesAkuntansi untuk Perubahan & kesalahan

Perubahan dalam prinsip Akuntansi

Perush adopsi prinsip akuntansi berbeda.

Penyesuaian Retrospective.

Pengaruh penyesuaian kumulatif ditampilakan di awal laporanlaba ditahan.

Pendekatan penyajian keterbandingan.

contoh:

Perubahan dari FIFO ke metoda rat-rata.

Perubahan dari the percentage-of-completion to thecompleted-contract method.

Page 24: Income statement & related information

Change in Accounting Principle: Gaubert Inc. decided inMarch 2011 to change from FIFO to weighted-average inventorypricing. Gaubert’s income before taxes, using the new weighted-average method in 2011, is $30,000.

Illustration 4-17Calculation of a Change inAccounting Principle

Illustration 4-18Income StatementPresentation of a Changein Accounting Principle(Based on 30% tax rate)

Page 25: Income statement & related information

Perubahan Perioda Estimasi

Dihitung pada perioda terjadinya perubahan & periodaMAD.

Tidak dilakukan penyesuaian retrospectively.

Tidak mempertimbangkan adanya kesalahan.

Contoh :

Umur ekonomis dan Nilai sisa dari aktiva.

Nilai CKP.

Persediaan yang usang.

Page 26: Income statement & related information

Perubahan Estimasi: Arcadia HS, purchased equipmentfor $510,000 which was estimated to have a useful life of10 years with a salvage value of $10,000 at the end ofthat time. Depreciation has been recorded for 7 years ona straight-line basis. In 2011 (year 8), it is determinedthat the total estimated life should be 15 years with asalvage value of $5,000 at the end of that time.

Questions:– What is the journal entry to correct the prior

years’ depreciation?– Calculate the depreciation expense for 2011.

No EntryRequired

Page 27: Income statement & related information

Equipment cost $510,000Residual value - 10,000Depreciable base 500,000Useful life (original) 10 yearsAnnual depreciation $ 50,000

Pertama, tentukanNBV pada tanggalterjadinyaperubahan.

Pertama, tentukanNBV pada tanggalterjadinyaperubahan.

x 7 years = $350,000

Balance Sheet (Dec. 31, 2010)

Fixed Assets:EquipmentAccumulated depreciation

$510,000350,000

Net book value (NBV) $160,000

Page 28: Income statement & related information

Net book value $160,000Residual value (new) - 5,000Depreciable base 155,000Useful life remaining 8 yearsAnnual depreciation $ 19,375

DepreciationExpense calculationfor 2011.

DepreciationExpense calculationfor 2011.

Journal entry for 2011

Depreciation expense 19,375Accumulated depreciation 19,375

Page 29: Income statement & related information

Koreksi Kesalahan

Terjadi karena: Kesalahan matematis. Kesalahan penerapan dari prinsip akuntansi. Tidak sesuai dengan fakta.

Koreksi diperlakukan sebagai penyesuaian periodasebelumnya.

Penyesuaian dilakukan diawal laporan laba ditahan.

Page 30: Income statement & related information

Retained Earnings Statement

Illustration 4-20