income and changes in retained earnings
DESCRIPTION
Income and Changes in Retained Earnings. Chapter 12. Normal, recurring revenue and expense transactions. Unusual, nonrecurring events that affect net income. 1. Results of discontinued operations. 2. Impact of extraordinary items. Reporting the Results of Operations. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Copyright © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
PowerPoint Authors:Susan Coomer Galbreath, Ph.D., CPACharles W. Caldwell, D.B.A., CMAJon A. Booker, Ph.D., CPA, CIACynthia J. Rooney, Ph.D., CPA
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Income and Changes in Income and Changes in Retained EarningsRetained EarningsChapter 12
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Information about net income can be divided into two major categories
Income from continuing operations.
Reporting the Results of Reporting the Results of OperationsOperations
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This tax expense does not include effects of unusual, nonrecurring items.
These unusual, nonrecurring items are each reported net of taxes.
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When management enters into a formal plan to sell or discontinue a segment of the business, the related gains and losses must be disclosed on the
income statement.
Discontinued OperationsDiscontinued Operations
Discontinued Operations
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A segment must be a separate line of business activity or an
operation that services a distinct category of customers.
Discontinued OperationsDiscontinued Operations
When management enters into a formal plan to sell or discontinue a segment of the business, the related gains and losses must be disclosed
on the income statement.
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Extraordinary ItemsExtraordinary Items•Material in amount.•Gains or losses that are
both unusual in nature and not expected to recur in the foreseeable future.
•Reported net of related taxes.
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If preferred stock is present, subtract preferred dividends from net income prior to computing EPS.
EPS is required to be reported in the income
statement.
Earnings Per Share (EPS)Earnings Per Share (EPS)
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Declared by Board of Directors.
Not legally required.
Creates liability at declaration.
Requires sufficient Retained Earnings
and Cash.
Cash DividendsCash Dividends
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Dividend DatesDividend DatesDate of Declaration
•Board of Directors declares the dividend.•Record a liability.
On March 1, 2011, the Board of Directors of Matrix, Inc. declares a $1.00 per share cash dividend on its
500,000 common shares outstanding. The dividend is payable to stockholders of record on April 1, and
paid on May 1.
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Dividend DatesDividend DatesEx-Dividend Date
•The day which serves as the ownership cut-off point for the receipt of the most recently declared dividend.
NO ENTRY
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Date of Record•Stockholders holding shares on
this date will receive the dividend. (No entry)
Dividend DatesDividend Dates
XApril 2011
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Date of Payment•Record the payment of the
dividend to stockholders.
Dividend DatesDividend Dates
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All stockholders retain same percentage
ownership.
No change in total stockholders’ equity.
No change in par values.
Stock DividendsStock DividendsDistribution of additional shares of
stock to stockholders.
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Reasons for Stock Reasons for Stock DividendsDividendsManagement often finds stock
dividends appealing because they allow management to distribute something of perceived value to
stockholders while conserving cash which may be needed for other
purposes.Stockholders like stock dividends
because they receive more shares, often the stock price does not fall
proportionately, and the dividend is not subject to income taxes (until the
shares received are sold).
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Small Stock Dividend
Large Stock Dividend Stock Splits
Total Stockholders'
EquityNo Effect No Effect No Effect
Common Stock Increases Increases No EffectPaid-in Capital Increases No Effect No Effect
Retained Earnings Decreases Decreases No Effect
Number of Shares Outstanding Increases Increases Increases
Par Value per Share No Effect No Effect Decreases
Summary of Effects of Summary of Effects of Stock Dividends and Stock Stock Dividends and Stock SplitsSplits
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Adjust retained earnings
retroactively.
The adjustment should be
disclosed net of any taxes.
The correction of an error identified as affecting net income in a prior period.
Prior Period AdjustmentsPrior Period Adjustments
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End of Chapter 12End of Chapter 12