Prepared by: Maria Clarisa P. Lachica

Michael John D. Sison MDM students

Presented to: Josefina B. Bitonio, DPA

Professor

FDM 203 Methods of Social Research

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITYGraduate School

Urdaneta City Campus

Citing Sources:

APA style or

MLA format

In-Text Citation vs. Parenthetical Citation

MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. MLA style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and using the English language in writing. MLA style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Works Cited pages (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl /resource/747/01/).

APA citation style refers to the rules and conventions established by the American Psychological Association for documenting sources used in a research paper. APA style requires both in-text citations and a reference list. For every in-text citation there should be a full citation in the reference list and vice versa (Cornell University Library PSEC Documentation Committee, rev. 2011).

Reference:Books

•Ariola, Mariano M. Principles and Methods of Research. Rex Book Store, Inc. 2006

•Calderon, Jose F. & Gonzales, Expectacion G. Methods of Research and Thesis Writing. (n.d.)

•Calmorin, Laurentina P. & Calmorin, Melchor A. Research Methods and Thesis Writing (Second Edition). Rex Book Store, Inc. 2007

•Webster’s Universal English Dictionary. Geddes & Grosset REPRO Mumbai, India 2006

• Barad, Dilip. The Literature Review. http://www.slideshare.net/dilipbarad/literature-review-review-of-related-literature-research-methodology Aug. 24, 2013 Retrieved August 09, 2014

• Cornell University Library PSEC Documentation Committee. APA Citation Style. November 2002; Revised April 2011 https://www.library.cornell.edu/research/citation/apa Retrieved July 09, 2014

• Imperial, Reynaldo. Principles of Ethics in Research. College of Arts and Sciences UP Manila

• Malijan, Roqui. RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES. http://www.slideshare.net/RoquiMalijan/group-3-28367418 Nov. 18, 2013 Retrieved August 09, 2014

• Reyes, Jheng. Chapter III R ELATED LITERATURE

AND STUDIES. http://www.slideshare.net/JhengReyes/chapter-iii-thesis-ni-gara July 24, 2014 Retrieved August 09, 2014

• Swenson, Jennifer. Thesis Writing: A Guide For Students http://www.sparrowpapers.com/resources/thesis_writing_articles/thesis_writing_a_guide_for_students/

• ___________. APA.pdf Based on the Sixth Ed. of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Updated September 19, 2012. Retrieved August 09, 2014

• ___________. Definition of related. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/related Retrieved August 15, 2014

• ____________. Writing Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature. http://4humbeline.wordpress.com/2011/11/04/writing-chapter-2-review-of-related-literature/ Retrieved August 09, 2014

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