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IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL BY USING

COMIC STRIPS

(An Action Research at the Eight Grade of SMP Negeri 5 Surakarta

in Academic Year 2012/2013)

By:

RAHAJENG GIENOVITA ANGGRAENI

K 2202072

THESIS

Submitted to Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Undergraduate

Degree of English Education

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2012


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i

PRONOUNCEMENT

I would like to certify that the thesis entitled “IMPROVING

STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL BY USING COMIC STRIPS (A Classroom

Action Research Conducted in the Second Grade Students of SMP N 5 Surakarta

in 2012 / 2013 Academic year)” is really my own work. It is not plagiarism or

made by others. Everything related to others’ works are written in quotation, the

sources of which are listed on the bibliography.

If then, this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to receive any

academic punishment.

Surakarta, August 24th

2013

Rahajeng Gienovita A


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ii

THE APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANTS

This thesis has been approved by the consultants to be examined by the

Board of Thesis Examiners of the English Education Department of Teacher

Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University Surakarta.

On :

By :

Consultant I

Drs. Martono, M.A

NIP. 19600301 198803 1 009

Consultant II

Drs. Ahmad Dahlan Rais, M. Hum.

NIP. 19600918 198702 2 001


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iii

THE APPROVAL OF THE EXAMINERS

This thesis has been examined by the Board of the Thesis Examiners of

Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta,

and has been accepted as a partial fulfillment of requirements for the completion

of Undergraduate Degree of English Education.

Day :

Date :

Board of Examiners : Signature :

1. Chair

Endang Setyaningsih, S. Pd, M. Hum (……………………..)

NIP 19800513 200312 2 002

2. Secretary

Teguh Sarosa, S.S., M.Hum (……………………..)

NIP 19730205 200604 1 001

3. Examiner I

Drs. Martono, M.A (……………………..)

NIP 19600301 198803 1 009

4. Examiner II

Drs. H. A. Dahlan Rais, M.Hum (……………………..)

NIP 19510326 198303 1 002

Teacher Training and Education Faculty

SebelasMaret University

Dean,

Prof. Dr. H. Muhammad Furqon Hidayatullah, M.Pd.

NIP 19600727 198702 1 001


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ABSTRACT

Rahajeng Gienovita Anggraeni. K 2209072. IMPROVING STUDENTS’

WRITING SKILL BY USING COMIC STRIPS (A Classroom Action

Research Conducted in the Second Grade Students of SMP N 5 Surakarta in

2012 / 2013 Academic year). A Thesis, Surakarta: Teacher Training and

Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, 2012.

This research aims at: 1) identifying how the use of Comic Strips can

improve students’ writing skill; and 2) describing the classroom climate when

Comic Strips is implemented in the writing class.

The method used in this research is a collaborative action research which was

conducted in two cycles at the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 5 Surakarta

from April 15th

to May 8th

, in which in the first cycle there were 3 meetings and in

the second cycle there were 2 meetings. Each cycle consisted of four steps:

planning, implementing, evaluation, and reflection. The research data were

collected by using observation, questionnaire, interviews, field notes,

photographs, and tests. The qualitative data were analyzed through assembling the

data, coding, comparing, building interpretations, and reporting the outcomes. The

quantitative data were analyzed by comparing the mean scores of the pre-test and

the post-tests.

The research findings show that Comic Strips could improve students’

writing skill and classroom climate of English class. The improvement of

students’ writing skill includes: 1) students could develop their idea; 2) students

were able to make coherence and cohesive text; 3) students could find the

appropriate vocabularies; 4) students made fewer mistakes in grammar; 5)

students made fewer mistakes in spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. The

improvement of classroom situation includes: 1) students were always ready to

have writing class immediately; 2) students developed the idea fluently without

talking with other students; 3) students paid full attention to the lesson; 4)

students did not take a long time anymore to write sentence; 5) students made less

noisy during the lesson. The meaan score had the improvement from pretest to the

post-test 2. In the pretest, the students got 64.05, while in the post test 1 they got

75.03 and in the post test 2 they got 79.93.

The researcher finds that this research could i students’ writing skill and

the classroom climate. It becomes one appropriate way in teaching writing.


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v

MOTTO

“Watch your thoughts; they become words.

Watch your words; they become actions.

Watch your actions; they become habits.

Watch your habits; they become character.

Watch your character; it becomes your destiny”

(Lao Tze)


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DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to:

My beloved Mom and Dad, for your care, support, affection and prayer for me

everywhere and every time

And

My elder brother Thatit Arman.,ST and my younger brother Galih Aji Ptiambadha

who always support me through your cheerful messages

.


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vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. Praise and thank to God the Almighty for

blessing me so that I can accomplish the writing of this thesis. In this occasion, I

would like to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to the following:

1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty.

2. The Head of the Art and Language Education Department.

3. The Head of the English Department of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty.

4. Drs. Martono, M.A as the writer’s first consultant for his guidance,

suggestions and advices.

5. Drs. H. A. Dahlan Rais, M.Hum, as the writer’s second consultant for his

guidance, suggestions and advices.

6. Drs. Djoko Triasmono, M.Pd, the Headmaster of SMP Negeri 5 Surakarta

for facilitating the writer in doing the research.

7. Agustin, S.Pd. M.Pd, the English Teacher of class VIII A for her

collaboration in doing this research.

8. All of the students in class VIII A of SMP Negeri 5 Surakarta for

participating and supporting the writer in doing this research.

9. The writer’s beloved Mom and Dad; the writer’s elder and younger

brothers;

10. The writer’s best friends, Nensi Anggraini and Febi Indrayati. Thanks for

being that person I can call as best friend.

11. The writer’s lovely friends, Elma, Woro, Meita, Happy Jona and Elita. I

greatly appreciate our friendship. Thank you for the unstoppable support.

12. The writer’s friends in SBI 2009. Thanks for giving unforgettable moment

and experience during the last four years.

13. The writer’s virtual friends in role-player world. Thank you for always

sending messages to cheer me up.


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viii

I consider that this thesis is still far from being perfect. However, I hope

that this thesis will be able to give contribution and benefit for the readers

especially for those who are interested in the similar study.

Surakarta, August 24th

2013

Rahajeng Gienovita Anggraeni


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ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ............................................................................................................. i

PRONOUNCEMENT ...................................................................................... ii

APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS ............................................................... iii

APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ........................................ iv

ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... v

MOTTO ........................................................................................................... vi

DEDICATION ................................................................................................. vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................... viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. ix

LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................... xi

LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................ xii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................... xiii

LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................. xiv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1

A. Background of the Study ................................................. 1

B. Problems Statements ........................................................ 4

C. The Objectives of the Study ............................................. 5

D. The Benefits of the Study ................................................. 5

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................ 6

A. Review on Writing Skill ................................................... 6

1. Definition of Writing Skill ........................................... 6

2. Micro skills and Macro skills of Writing ..................... 7

3. The Process of Writing ................................................ 8

4. The Purpose of Writing ............................................... 8

5. The Criteria of Good Writing ....................................... 9

6. The Construct of Writing ............................................. 10

7. Teaching Writing .......................................................... 11

8. The Criteria of Scoring Writing.................................... 12

B. Review on Narrative Text ................................................. 15

C. Review on Classroom Climate .......................................... 17

1. Definition of Classroom Climate ................................. 17

2. The Characteristics of an Ideal Classroom Climate in

Writing Class ............................................................... 18

D. Review on Comic Strips .................................................... 19

1. The Definition of Comic Strips ................................... 19

2. Using Comic Strips in Language Learning ................. 21

3. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Comic

Strips………………………………….……………… 23

E. Review on Related Research ............................................. 25

F. Rationale ............................................................................ 26


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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .......................................... 29

A. The Setting of the Research .............................................. 29

B. The Subject of the Research .............................................. 29

C. The Method of the Research ............................................ 29

1. The definition of Action Research................................ 30

2. The Model of Research................................................. 31

3. Procedure of Research .................................................. 33

D. Techniques of Collecting the Data ................................... 35

1. Qualitative Data ............................................................ 35

2. Quantitative data ........................................................... 37

E. Techniques of Analyzing Data .......................................... 37

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ..................... 40

A. Situation Before the Research .......................................... 40

B. The Implementations of the Research .............................. 45

1. Cycle 1 .......................................................................... 47

a. Planning ................................................................ 47

b. Implementing/ acting ............................................. 47

c. Observing .............................................................. 50

d. Reflecting the Action ............................................. 53

2. Cycle 2 .......................................................................... 59

a. Revising Plan ......................................................... 60

b. Implementing/ acting ............................................. 60

c. Observing .............................................................. 62

d. Reflecting the Action ............................................. 64

C. Research Findings ............................................................ 68

1. The Improvements of Students’ Writing Skill ............. 70

2. The Improvements of Classroom Climate .................... 71

D. Discussion......................................................................... 71

1. Comic Strips Improve Students’ Writing Skill of

Narrative Text .............................................................. 72

2. Comic Strips Improve Classroom Climate ................... 74

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTIONS ...... 77

A. Conclusion ......................................................................... 77

B. Implication ........................................................................ 78

C. Suggestion ......................................................................... 78

BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................... 80

APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 83


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LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1. The Scoring Rubric of Writing Skill .............................................. 13

Table 2.2. The Total of Scores ........................................................................ 14

Table 3.1. The Research Schedule .................................................................. 31

Table 4.1. The Detail of Writing Aspects’ Mean Score of Pre-test ................ 41

Table 4.2. Scores of Preliminary Test ............................................................. 42

Table 4.3. Situation before the research .......................................................... 43

Table 4.4. the research procedure ................................................................... 45

Table 4.5. The progresses made by the students in cycle 1 ............................. 53

Table 4.6. Mean scores of each element in post test 1 ..................................... 54

Table 4.7. Scores post test 1 ............................................................................ 55

Table 4.8. Comparison of students’ pretest and post-test score ....................... 55

Table 4.9. Summary of research findings in cycle 1 ........................................ 56

Table 4.10. The improvement of students’ learning achievement in the end

of cycle 1 ....................................................................................... 57

Table 4.11. The Students’ progress during cycle 2 ......................................... 63

Table 4.12. Mean scores of each element in post test 2 ................................... 64

Table 4.13. Scores of Post Test 2 ..................................................................... 64

Table 4.14. Comparison of students’ post test 1 and post test 2 ..................... 65

Table 4.15. Summary of research findings in cycle 2 ...................................... 65

Table 4.16. The improvement of students’ learning and achievement in the

end of cycle 2 ................................................................................ 66

Table 4.17. The improvement of students’ learning and achievement in the

end of research ............................................................................. 66

Table 4.18. The improvements of the students’ achievement .......................... 69

Table 4.19. The sample of students’ achievement ........................................... 69


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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

AR : Action Research

ICT : Information and Communication Technologies

KKM : Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal

KTSP : Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan

LKS : Lembar Kerja Siswa

PR : Pekerjaan Rumah

SMP : Sekolah Menengah Pertama

xiii


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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1. Syllabus ...................................................................................... 83

Appendix 2. List of Students’ Name ............................................................... 84

Appendix 3. Field Note of Pre-Observation ................................................... 85

Appendix 4. Transcript of Interview before AR with Teacher ....................... 94

Appendix 5. Transcript of Interview before AR with Students ...................... 101

Appendix 6. Data Analysis of Students’ Questionnaire in Pre-Research ....... 110

Appendix 7. Lesson Plans (Cycle 1) ................................................................ 110

Appendix 8. Lesson Plans (Cycle 2) ............................................................... 127

Appendix 9. Field Notes (Cycle 1) .................................................................. 138

Appendix 10. Field Notes (Cycle 2) ................................................................ 151

Appendix 11. The Result of the Tests ............................................................. 159

Appendix 12. Documentation of the Research ............................................... 162

Appendix 13. Data Analysis of Students’ Questionnaire in the End of AR ... 164

Appendix 14. Transcript of Interview after AR with Teacher ........................ 165

Appendix 15. Transcript of Interview after AR with Students ....................... 169

Appendix 16. Sample of Students’ Questionaires .......................................... 175

Appendix 17. Sample of Students’ tests ......................................................... 178

Appendix 18. Legalizations ............................................................................ 187

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