improving palm oil mill performance ways towards … palm oil mill performance –ways towards low...
TRANSCRIPT
KLK – Belt Press System
Improving Palm Oil Mill
Performance – Ways towards
Low Carbon Palm Oil
By KLK
KLK – Belt Press System
1. EU RED Requirements
2. Existing GHG Emissions
3. Methods on Reducing/Minimise GHG Emissions
4. Belt-Press System in KLK Malaysia
5. Summary
CONTENT :
KLK – Belt Press System
EU RED : GHG REQUIREMENTS - BIOFUELS & BIOLIQUIDS
KLK – Belt Press System
Minimum, 35% GHG Savings Must be Achieved
Compared to the Fossil Reference
2017 : New Threshold of 41.9 gCO2/MJ
KLK – Belt Press System
ELEMENTS IN THE VALUE CHAIN : GHG EMISSIONs
KLK – Belt Press System
• Cultivation Operation
LAND USE CHANGE
Amount of Fertilizer (e.g. Nitrogen based fertilizer)
Amount of Pesticide
Total Diesel Consumption (including
transportation)
Total Consumption of Electricity
(e.g. from National Grid)
• Milling Operation
EXISTING GHG EMISSIONS IN POM & ESTATES
POME : 95 – 99%
Others
TOTAL POME FORMED (e.g. Methane [CH4] emission)
Total Diesel Consumption (including transportation)
Total Consumption of Electricity (e.g. from National Grid)
KLK – Belt Press System
Methane Capture & Electricity Generation [Method A]
Biomass i.e. shell & fibre option for sale
Carbon credits, reduce methane emissions
and replaced fossil fuels
Methane Capture & Flaring Cheaper than Method A
Carbon credits, reduce methane emissions
Co-Composting of EFB & POME Good recycle of nutrients - as an organic fertilizer
GHG emissions reduced when raw POME is used
METHODS TO REDUCE/MINIMISE GHG EMISSIONS
KLK – Belt Press System
BELT-PRESS PLANT
KLK – Belt Press System
CH4CH4
CH4
CH4
CH4
CH4
BELT PRESS PLANT
Final Discharge
KLK – Belt Press System
Sludge
Water
Solid Belt
-Pre
ss S
ch
em
ati
c F
low
Anaerobic Pond Raw Effluent Buffer Tank pH Adjustment
Polymer TankSedimentation TankBelt-Press
To clean belt-press
As organic fertilizer
KLK – Belt Press System
SLUDGE
CONCENTRATION
TANK
POLYMER
TANK
MIXING
TANK
GRAVITY
DRAINAGE ZONE
HIGH PRESSURE
PRESSING ZONELOW PRESSURE
PRESSING ZONE
E.T.
PONDS
KLK – Belt Press System
BELT PRESS CAKE
KLK – Belt Press System
BELT - PRESS FACILITY
• Suitable for small POM
• Lower capital cost [ ~ RM700K ] compared to methane
capture
• Minimum requirement for de-silting of pond – save
cost and land space
• Recycle nutrients – solid removed is used as organic
fertilizer
• BOD reduction
• Preliminary GHG savings: 0.178 kg CH4/kg COD
KLK – Belt Press System
14
Belt Press Data :
Performance Figure
Average Flow Rate 18 – 22 m3/hr
Electricity Consumption ~ 30 kW
Water Consumption 4 mt/hr
Polymer Dosage 1.6 kg/hr
Solids Produced 1.5 mt/hr
KLK – Belt Press System
Parameters
Before
Belt
Press
After
Belt
Press
Reduction
COD (mg/l) 41,247 838 98.0 %
Suspended Solids (mg/l) 37,200 519 98.6 %
BOD (mg/l) 4,139 91 97.8 %
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Belt Press Performance Data :
KLK – Belt Press System
BOD Trend of Final Discharge
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Sep-08 May-09 Jan-10 Sep-10 Jun-11 Feb-12 Oct-12 Jun-13 Mar-14
BELT PRESS DEWATERING
SYSTEM
KLK – Belt Press System
Sample Moisture
(%)
Dry Basis (%)
N Total P2O5 Total K2O Total MgO
Belt Press Solid 78.1 4.37 2.87 1.13 1.62
* Decanter Cake 72.0 2.42 0.51 1.24 0.54
* Boiler Ash 17.0 0.14 2.78 21.1 1.26
* EFB 30.0 0.44 0.14 2.24 0.36
* Source from (Khalid Haron et al., 2008) & (Ravi Menon, 2003)
COMPARISON OF NUTRIENT CONTENTS:
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KLK – Belt Press System
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APPLICATION OF SOLIDS IN OIL PALM FIELD:
Solids were applied to oil palm fields at the rate of 60kg/palm.
KLK – Belt Press System
• Methane gas emission from POME ponds represents a
huge part of palm oil supply chain GHG emissions.
• Methane capture is the most effective method in
reducing methane gas emission; however, high capital
cost has been a limiting factor.
• There is a need to consider alternative methods to
arrest the methane emission problem.
• Methane Avoidance method appears to have high
potential to fill this gap. E.g. Belt-Press Facility.
SUMMARY