impressionism&beyond copy
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Overview of late 19th Century artTRANSCRIPT
Impressionism and BeyondImpressionism and Beyond““That looks like an impression of a painting…That looks like an impression of a painting…”” - critic Louis Leroy - critic Louis Leroy
Late 19th Century Art and Architecture
Bar at the Folies-Bergere, Manet, 1882
Barmaid stares out at us
What is the mirror reflecting?
More impressionistic than Manet’s early works
French Impressionism
Monet's early work, Impression: Sunrise, harshly criticized at exhibition.
impression of light in a scene.
Single most successful and identifiable "movement" ever,
still practiced today.
Subjects
• Turned away from tradition– uninterested in religion, mythology
& history– Japanese influence
• Contemporary life• Leisure middle class• transportation• Capturing light and nature
Monet’s Rouen Cathedral in Sun, 1894, (and sunset…en plein aire)
The Luncheon of the Boating Party (1881) Pierre Auguste Renoir
Renoir’s Moulin de la Galette
Dappling effect of fleeting light
People not posed, enjoying meals and dancing
Photographic randomness of clipped figures
Asymmetrical compositions
Feathery brushstrokes showing the dancers’ costumes
Japanese print influence
Rehearsal on Stage, Degas, 1874, pastel
American Impressionist – Mary Cassatt
Theme of mother and child.
Influential in bringing Impressionist paintings to US -huge hit
Maternal Caress, Mary Cassatt, 1891Influence of Japanese ukiyo-e.
Post-Impressionism: setting stage for 20th Century Art
Unhappy with limitations of Impressionist style, explored emotion & structure - though still influenced by Japanese.
Plum Orchard, Hiroshige, Ukiyo-e print, 1857 Japonisme Flowering Plum Tree, Van Gogh, oil, 1887
Japanese Influence continues…
Surely you know this painting…emotion
Thick short brushstrokes, impasto paint
View from hospital room in St-Remy
At one with forces of nature
Post Impressionism emphasizing structure … Mont Sainte-Victoire, Cezanne, 1887
Still Life with Basket of Apples, Cezanne, 1894
Tilted perspective
Contrast of solid forms with flat surfaces
Painterly brushstrokes
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of la Grande Jatte (1884-86). Georges Seurat
Statuesque figures not interacting… anonymity of modern society? Scientific analysis of color relationships (pointillism)
Primitivism: Manaha No Atua, (Day of the God), Paul Gauguin, 1894.
Symbolism
Tahitian gods shown
Painted native peoples in geomatric bright colors
Exotic primitivism
Symbolic, mysterios
Color to express emotion
Other Connections
Art NouveauArchitecture, Sculpture
The Kiss, Gustav Klimt, 1907
Art Nouveau (art deco) style
Golden painting
Decorative patterns, gold more important than realistic modeling of forms
The Arts and Crafts movement began in the late 19th century, LED BY WILLIAM MORRIS.
The idea was for everyday items to be made by trained craftspeople, not high priced artists, but to have beauty in everyday objects.
Burghers of Calais, Auguste Rodin, bronze, 1889
Six burghers offer their lives to English king in return for saving their besieged city during Hundred Years war
Parallels between Paris in 1870 war and war in 1347
Central figure is ready for his execution
•Otis invented elevator, which allowed high buildings
•Prototype of modern office building or Skyscraper
•“Form follows function” was his motto, now very famous in architecture
Wainwright Building, 1890, Louis Sullivan, Chicago School of Architecture