Implementing the Global Information Grid (GIG)

A Foundation For 2010Net Centric Warfare (NCW)

Frank Criste Director, Communications Programs

OASD(NII) - DASD(C3, Space & IT Programs)703-607-027018 May 2004

INTEGRATEDINFORMATION

INFRASTRUCTURE

• Information Services and transport• Service Agents• Intelligent, integrated communication intranetwork• Adaptive, dynamic resource management• Secure

NAVIGATIONGEO-POSITIONING

• Robust• Distributed• Inexpensive

SURVEILLANCE• Continuous• Global• High Resolution Imagery• Day/Night/All Weather

WEAPONS• Remote/Local• Accurate• Responsive• Inexpensive

COMMAND AND CONTROL• Commanders Internet• Situation Monitoring• Planning and ReplanningFORCE ENHANCEMENT

• Mobile• Lethal• Sustainable• Flexible

INFORMATION OPERATIONS• Defensive IW• Offensive IW• Assurance

LOGISTICS SUPPORT

• Just Enough• Just In Time• Fully Visible

Global Information Grid (GIG)

GIG: A Conceptual View

Power to the Edge

• Entities- Sources and users of information- Diversity of information needs

- Type, quantity, timeliness- Change as a function of

mission & situation • Information infrastructure (II) functional

decomposition- Layer concept. Each layer:

- Provides services to layer above

- Receives services from layers below

- Dynamically adapts to meet information needs of entities

- Tightly coupled to each other to permit adaptation as an integrated system

Entities (Objects)

Applications

Net-Centric Enterprise Services

Intranetworked Information Transport

Distributed ComputationalResources

People

Force Structures

Robots

Sensor Platforms

Sensors

Weapons

WeaponPlatforms

Logi

stic

sP

latfo

rms

UAV’s

Emerging Network Centric Capabilities Enabled by the GIG

• Improve collaboration and carry out surveillance, reconnaissance, and targeting at all levels of command• Improve decision support to decrease C2 decision cycle times

– Smaller, highly mobile forces– Command and Control on the Move (COTM)

• Facilitate rapid force deployment and flexible unit composition• Facilitate Machine to Machine communication “behind the dashboard integration”• Move beyond Situational Awareness to “Situational Understanding”• “Eliminate the human intermediary as a conduit of information” (target coordinates, tasking, etc.)• Eliminate the ‘seams’ between operational stages, multi-national forces, and decision makers• Improve timeliness of Sensor cueing and cooperative engagements (i.e. mid-course weapon updates from

remote sensors)

GIG: IP Based

The convergence layer!

Services and

Information Types

Internetwork Layer

Transport Media

Internet Protocol (IP)M

ultim

edia

Ser

vice

s

Dat

a

Ter

rest

rial

Wire

less

Fib

erC

able

Cop

per

Cab

le

Spa

ceT

elec

omm

...

Tel

epho

ny

Ser

vice

s

Vid

eo

• World-wide acceptance and use

• Packet-switched Internet transport

• Provides common-user, integrated services framework

• Provides standardized interface between Application and Transport Services

• Used over many network-level protocols (Ethernet, ATM, WAP…)

Facilitate Interoperability

Features of IP Networking

• Basic IP is a connectionless network• IP Networking makes it easier to scale

– Services and applications not tightly integrated with network infrastructure• Keeps complexity out of network core• Allows fast creation of new services

– Designed for information sharing

• Allows for autonomous decisions by network nodes in processing each packet

– Packets carry globally meaningful addresses – Distributed processing throughout the network

• Provides for redundancy, improves scalability

GIG: Network of Networks

GIG: Transport Layer

LEOSWide-Area NetworkRAircraft

Tier 3 Wide Area Coverage

Land Line (wire or fiber)R

Ground Based

Radio

Local Area Network

PeopleWeaponsSensors

UGS

R RAAVs

Medium-Area Network

Tier 2 Inter-Team

Coverage

Tier 1Team

Coverage

R = Internet Router or JTRS WNW

JTRS

JTRS

GIG-BE

Build The Net

R

RR

R

R

RR

R

TCS

GEOS

Tier 4 Global

Coverage

R R

RR Global-Area

Network

GIG-BE

ODXC

DWDM

Key Net-Centric Initiatives Roadmap

(examples)

FY04 FY 05 FY 06 FY07 FY08 FY09

Optical IP Networking for Joint OperationsCenters and ISR locations

Optical Bandwidth to STEP and Teleport sites

Optical Bandwidth to Ground Sites

Reachback Capabilitiesfor Deployed Forces

Power To The Edge

Global Net-centricSurveillance and

Targeting

Automated Tagging of

Selected Sensor and Combat

Support Data

Improved Strategic & Tactical C2

Improved Shared Access to Collateral ISR data

Deploymentof Collaborative

Applicationsto Joint

Commanders

Optical Bandwidth Support for Additional Global Hawk UAVs

Wideband Networkingfor UAVs and Other ISR

CollaborativeCollection

Management

Multi-INTFusion forWarfighters

Improved Shared Access to Combat Support

Data Net-Centric Enterprise Services ForceNetForceNet

Net-Centric DCGS Net-Centric DCGS

ISR Battle ManagementISR Battle Management

Deployable CJTF HQsDeployable CJTF HQs

Op-Intel Data Applications ProcessesOp-Intel Data Applications Processes

Optical Mesh IP NetworkOptical Mesh IP Network

Integrated GIG NetworkIntegrated GIG NetworkProvides ubiquitous, secure, robust

optical IP foundation network

GIG Bandwidth Expansion

TCA SATCOMIncorporates mobile/tactical users and

global intelligence via optical cross links and EHF IP links

Future Combat System(FCS)Future Combat System(FCS)

IPV6

Joint Tactical Radio SystemProvides IP-based, self-managed,

BLOS, mobile data and voice communications services

Net-Centric Enterprise ServicesProvides information and data

services to all GIG users

Information Assurance ProgramsEnables trusted computer, networking,

and data services to all GIG users

TSAT (CY11 Launch)TSAT (CY11 Launch)

Horizontal Fusion PortfolioMeans/tools to enable the smart pull

and fusion of data by users

Defense in DepthDefense in Depth

Wideband GapfillerWideband Gapfiller

- Enterprise Systems Management - Messaging - Discovery - Mediation - Collaboration- User Assist - IA/Security - Storage Services - Application

Block 1 (All CESs) in 3 Spirals

40 Gb Space HAIPE IP(FY2010)

1 Gb Terrestrial HAIPE IP 10 Gb Terrestrial HAIPE IP

IOC FOC

Cluster 1 Vehicular & Army Rotary WingCluster 2 HandheldCluster AMF (Airborne, Maritime & Fixed Station)Cluster 5 Small form fit

IOC Cluster 2

Software Communications ArchitectureSoftware Communications Architecture

1 2 3 4

Core Enterprise Services (9) + Application Program InterfacesCore Enterprise Services (9) + Application Program Interfaces

EL

IMIN

AT

E B

AN

DW

IDT

H

CO

NS

TR

AIN

TS

DE

PL

OY

T

RU

ST

ED

S

ER

VIC

ES

Identity Mgmt Infrastructure (PKI, Biometrics); Network Defense (Enterprise Sensor Grid)

IMP

RO

VE

S

EN

SE

MA

KIN

G

Block 2 (All CESs) in 3 Spirals

Policy & Architecture GuidancePolicy & Architecture Guidance Arch/NCOW Reference Model

UCS Directive

IPV6 Implementation Completed (Goal)UCS Implementation

?

CAC Fully Deployed 40 Gb Terrestrial HAIPE IP

IOC Cluster 1

IOC Cluster AMF small IOC Cluster AMF large IOC Cluster 5 Handheld/manpack IOC Cluster 5 other form fits ?(Spiral 1) (Spiral 2)

GIG: DoD Investments

The Global Information Grid Development Strategy

• Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) • GIG Bandwidth Expansion (GIG-BE)• Transformational Communication

Satellite (TCS)• Net-Centric Enterprise Services (NCES)• Information Assurance (IA)• E2E Systems Engineering

A Subset Of Several Key Initiatives

NRL

NSA

MIT/LL

MSPP

ER ER

ER

ER

Airborne

Ground Forces• Hand held• Dismounted• Vehicular

Maritime/Fixed Station

OPERATIONAL

DOMAINS

Space

Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS)A Transformation Enabler

Common Open Standards Architecture

&Technology Base

• Navigation

• Positioning

• Location

• Identification

• Air to Ground

• Air to Air

• Groundto

Ground

• SATCOM

Joint Solution(1 Family)

AN/ARC-210

AN/WCS-3 UHF SATCOM/LOS

AN/ARC-201A SINCGARS

AN/PSC-5

ANPRC-119 SINCGARS

AN/PSQ-6A EPLRS

Legacy WaveformsCommercial WaveformsNew Military Waveforms

Current Systems(25-30 Families)

(750, 000 Radios)

JTRS – a family of common Radios and Waveforms built around a standard open Software Communications Architecture

Why JTRS Is Transformational

• Provides a family of SW programmable radios to enable Network Centric Warfare.

• Allows for increased interoperability (ultimate solution), technology insertion and spiral development.

• Eliminates duplicative radio development efforts and multiple legacy radio systems by consolidating requirements within functional domains.

• Enables connectivity to allied/coalition, civil and national authorities.

Most importantly: Provides capability for mobile ad-hoc network to achieve network centric capability.

RF EQUIPMENT ACQUISITION POLICY

• ASD (NII) memorandum of June 17, 2003 Subject: Radio Frequency (RF) Equipment Acquisition Policy

“A recent Department of Defense study and continued technology advancements indicate that expanding the scope of the JTRS/SCA to all waveforms above 2 MHz frequency is now viable. Therefore, to enhance our warfighting capabilities and to improve integration of our communications systems through networking technologies, the reference radio Acquisition Policy [August 28, 1998] is hereby modified to specifically reflect that all such systems, including those operating above 2 GHz, are required to be developed in compliance with JTRS/SCA. The policy is now applicable to all communications waveforms/systems that operate at or above 2 MHz….”

GIG Bandwidth Expansion

LANPBX

MAN1MAN1

MAN1

LegacySwitched

Network(s)

Wide Area Fiber Network

IP RouterNetwork(s)

Wireless tails

1. Metropolitan Area Network

Provides ubiquitous, secure, robust optical Wide Area Network Internet Protocol (IP) foundation network

GIG Bandwidth ExpansionOptical IP terrestrial backbone with a ubiquitous presence. Mitigates constraints in terrestrial bandwidth.

• Diverse physical access to the network, the near term effort secure, robust

• CONUS & OCONUS

• Key to integrated net-centric transformation

Investment $800+M

FY03: $500+M• Requests for Proposals• Contract awards• Site surveys• Installations begin

FY04: $300M• Complete al installations• Provide minimum 100 Mbps per site per

service

FIBER

SONET/TDM

IPATM

NIPR

SIPRJWICS

AFSCN

GSR

(COINS)

DSN

DRSN

DVS

FIBER

DWDM

IP

Unclassified IP

Secret IP

Legacy VoiceVideo

SCI IP

MSPP

FIBER

DWDM

IP

Voice, Video, and Dataat

Unclassified, Secret, and SCI

TDM - CENTRIC IP - CENTRICToday: Tomorrow:

ATM

Transformational Satellite Communications

Integrates mobile/tactical users and global intelligence services via IP (optical comm links and EHF, Ka and X-band)

Transformational Communications (TC) Vision

An internet-like transport architecture between space, air and ground nodes

– Integrated Space, Air and Ground Networks

– Global access to deployed / mobile Users (COTM)

– Timely delivery of air and space data to Theater and CONUS (AISR, SISR support)

– Automated, dynamic, high assurance network operations

– Increased capacity and connectivity: RF and laser communications network

Network of Networks

Enable Future Innovations and Growth Through A Flexible Yet Secure Network Architecture

GIG: Fundamental Shift in Information Management and Assurance

• Information and services accessed ubiquitously by authorized users -- both human and automated

• Based on a metadata construct & globally shared services

• Environment that recognizes who you are, and limits access based on, who and where you are

• Fully IP-based highly available network providing:• Converged voice, video, data and imagery• High capacity and sufficiently secure to support

communications requirements of mission critical users• Support for fixed and ad hoc COIs – (dynamic, adaptive, self

reconfiguring)

• Seamless and secure end-to-end interconnected information environment

• Secure interoperability – within/ across DoD, IC and other Government, industry, international partners

• Common infrastructure support -- network management, performance monitoring, security management, attack sensing and response, etc.

• Strong focus on leveraging commercial technologies• Augmented to meet DoD’s mission critical user requirements

(availability, confidentiality, integrity)

Fundamental transformation in information management,

communication, and assurance

Red IP(Secret)

Black IP

HAIPE

Red IP(SBU)

BLACKTransit

Network

InternationalPartner

SBU

TopSecret

Top Secret

SecretConfidential

SCIF

Information Processing Node

SBU = Sensitive But UnclassifiedHAIPE = High Assurance IP Encryption

Pulling It All Together

Systems EngineeringTest Facility

GIG & EIE MA E2E Systems Engineering

Senior GIG & EIE MA Systems Engineer (NII)

Chair

Transport

ChairEnterprise Services

Chair

NETOPS

Chair

Net Mgt

Chair: Senior GIG & EIE MA Systems Engineer (NII)

GIG & EIE MA Senior Systems Engineering

Board

ASD(NII) / DoD CIO

Chair (NSA)InformationAssurance

Chair (DISA)

QoS

Members: Senior Sys Engineering Rep from:Army, Navy, AF, USMC, AT&L, USD(I), DOT&E, Joint Staff J-6, STRATCOM, JFCOM, IC, DISA, NSA GIG IA SPO, TCO, TCM MJPO, GIG-BE SPO, JTRS JPO, NCES SPO, GIG Architect, and E2E Eval Facility

ChairApps &

Data

“Sub-Working Groups” &

Tiger Teams HAIPE“Tiger Team”

GIG E2E Evaluation

Facility (NRL)

Focus Areas

(form/disband as required)

GIG & EIE MA End-to-EndSystems Engineering Working Group

“Sub-Working Groups” &

Tiger Teams…for each area …for each area

This is a matrix organization – people functionally support the E2E Systems Engineering Oversight process

Oversight

Systems Engineering Influencing Standards Process

PM SelectsPM SelectsStandardsStandards

PM SelectsPM SelectsStandardsStandards

DoD CIO ProgramsGIG & EIE MA E2E

Systems Engineering OversightActivity

IT StandardsCommittee

IT StandardsCommittee

IT StandardsRegistry

IT StandardsRegistry

PM DeliversPM DeliversISPs*ISPs*

PM DeliversPM DeliversISPs*ISPs*

*ISP—Information Support Plan

Setting Using Influencing

GIG & EIE MA E2E SE: Interface Management

E2E interface and cross-network analysis

Interoperability assessment evaluations

FORCENETTestbed

WIN-TTestbed

Airborne NetworkTestbed

IC Network Testbed

DISA TeleportTestbed

JTRS NetworkTestbed

TSAT Testbed (MIT/LL)• Optical Comm Testbed• RF Testbed• Network Testbed

DISA Terrestrial GIG/GIG-BE Testbed

High-speed network

connections

JTRS-TSAT-GIG connectivity example

GIG E2E Evaluation Facility Core

A Place to Test Early and Test Often

MUOS

JITC

Extensive Industry & ServiceParticipation in all Venues

A Loaded and Stressed Network …Emulates “War of the Future”!

JTEOJDEP

GIG E2E Evaluation Facilities

NATO Network Centric Capability

• Feasibility Study and Coordinated CONOPs

• Common standards, interfaces, and protocols between core segments of the NATO networks

• Framework for Inter domain transport management and control, routing protocols, and Information Assurance

GIG End-to-End Near Term Focus

• Program of Record Execution

• Moving All Service Programs to Meet the Vision

• Address Coalition and International Participation

• Information Assurance

• Performance & Scalability

• End – to – End Engineering and Test

Understand and reduce the risk