implementing bologna process in croatia – the role of agency for science and higher education
DESCRIPTION
Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education. Moscow , 11 November 201 1. Overview. The context of Higher Education in Croatia ASHE- role and activities Experts. The context of Higher Education in Croatia. The main stakeholders : - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education
Moscow, 11 November 2011
![Page 2: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview
• The context of Higher Education in Croatia• ASHE- role and activities• Experts
![Page 3: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The context of Higher Education in Croatia
• The main stakeholders:MSES - Ministry of Science, Education and Sports ASHE - Agency for Science and Higher Education NCHE - National Council for Higher Education NCS - National Council for Science SU - Students’ Union Rectors’ conference HEIs
![Page 4: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• 2001 - Croatia signed Bologna declaration• 2003 - Act on the Scientific Activity and
Higher Education• 2005 - Accreditation of Study Programmes
according to Bologna process• MSES - Education Sector Development Plan
2005-2010 • 2006 - ESG were adopted in Croatia• 2006 - Establishment of QA Units at HEIs• 2009 - Quality Assurance Act• 2011 - 3 new Acts on HE and science ( in procedure)
![Page 5: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ashe
Croatian HE before 2004Problems – within the HE system
• Very long time required to graduate – the average of 7.5 years for pre-Bologna graduates (2005-2010 Development Plan)
• Very high drop-out rate (only 33% of enrolled students graduate)• Limited mobility• Practically no clearly defined outcomes nor programme objectives
Problems – caused by the issues within the system as well as the higher education policies
• Employers not satisfied with students’ competences (Further Bologna, 2006)
• Weak competitiveness at the European level• Weak educational structure of the population
![Page 6: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ashe
Education System Development Plan 2005 -2010
• Priorities in higher education:– Improve quality and efficiency of education.
• Objectives: • Establish a quality assurance system for higher education in
the Republic of Croatia by 2006
• By 2010, decrease the drop-out rate to 50% and decrease the graduation time to 6,5 years (at universities)
![Page 7: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ashe
Scheme of studies in Croatia
Undergraduate(univ.bacc), 3-4 years
180-240 ECTS
Graduate(mag./dr. profession, spec), 1-2 years
60-120 ECTS bodova
Postgraduate university
(dr.sc./dr.art)., 3 years
ECTS number regulated by university
Postgraduate professional
(spec), 1-2 years
Graduate professional(spec.profession), 1-2 years
60-120 ECTS
Undergraduate professional(baccalareus/baccalaurea)
3-4 years180-240 ECTS bodova
(pristup.profession)<3 god.
<180 ECTS
PROFESSIONAL STUDYUNIVERSITY STUDY YEAR
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Min
. 300
ECT
S
UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITIES (OF APPLIED SCIENCE) & UNIVERSITY COLLEGES OF APPLIED
SCIENCES
INSTITUTION
![Page 8: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ashe
Croatian universities
![Page 9: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ashe
Croatian polytechnics
![Page 10: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ashe
Croatian colleges
![Page 11: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ashe
Bologna in numbers• 2005 - 3+2+3 – restructuring • 2005 - 828 programmes accredited –
undergraduate, graduate and professional – with the help of international reviewers and an IT system
• 2005 – first generation of Bologna students enrolled
• 2005-2009 - 102 doctoral and 175 postgraduate professional programmes accredited
• Until now – 1272 accredited Bologna study programmes
![Page 12: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ashe
• development of CQF• implementation of State Matura• establishment of new HEIs (around 30 new
HEIs, mostly private colleges and public polytechnics)
• development of QA system (institutional, national level)
Other achievements in the reform of HE system
![Page 13: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ashe
Resourcing of higher education
• Increase over 47% in HE state budget 2004-2008 (almost 12% annual increase)
• Additional €400 million secured in loans since 2004 for construction of new campuses in 6 cities (Zagreb, Rijeka, Split, Zadar, Osijek, Dubrovnik)
• Over 2566 (20%) new full-time equivalent positions opened 2004-2009
• Increased regional development of higher education system in cooperation with the Development and Employment Fund
![Page 14: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ashe
2009 Quality Assurance Act
• New and enhanced role of ASHE• Establishment of new higher education
institutions – completely changed – a system of “mentorship” introduced
• Quantitative accreditation criteria– Teacher/ student ratio– 1/30– Students/ space ratio – 1/1,26 m2
![Page 15: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ashe
Agency for Science and Higher Education
• Established in 2005 • 2009 – redefinition of its role (Quality
Assurance Act) and strengthening of its independence
• Unifies various activities related to the science and higher education system
![Page 16: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ashe
Organizational structure
![Page 17: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ashe
ASHE activities
1. QA Role2. Collecting and analysing data on the
system of science and HE3. National ENIC/NARIC Office4. Central Applications Office5. Support to work of various bodies6. International cooperation
![Page 18: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ashe
QA Role (2009…)
ASHE QA activities
Initial accreditation
Re-accreditation
Thematic evaluation
Audit
![Page 19: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ashe
ASHE QA activities
ASHE activities
Self -assessment
Peer review
Site visit
Publication of a report
Follow-up procedure
Re-accreditation
+ + + + +
Thematic evaluation
+ + Possible,not
compulsory
+ Not formaly, but a negative
outcome is followed up by re-accreditation
Audit + + + + +
![Page 20: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ashe
ASHE QA activities
5-year cycles All public and private HEIs + scientific organisations
established and/or financed by the State Checking fulfilment of necessary conditions prescribed
by the Ordinance + quality assessment on the basis of established criteria
Quality assessment affects the amount of financing from the state budget
20 HEIs are currently being re-accredited
Re-accreditation
![Page 21: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
ashe
ASHE QA activities
• Focus on a single segment of activities of a HEI or evaluation of activities of similar evaluation subjects
• Outcome: a review report with an assessment; if the assessment is negative, ASHE can launch a re-accreditation procedure
• Currently in procedure – thematic evaluation of public research institutes
Thematic evaluation
![Page 22: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
ashe
ASHE QA activitiesAudit
• CARDS 2003 project in 2006/08 – audit pilot project• ASHE developed audit model • Seminars for HEIs• In-house seminars for ASHE staff• Develop & promote quality culture• Audit manual• Currently in procedure (from 2010) – audit of Croatian
HEIs
![Page 23: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
ashe
Transparency tools• External quality assurance procedures in line
with the ESG, as well as European and international best practices
• Foreign reviewers in the review panels• Business representatives and students
included in the Management Board, Accreditation Council and review panels
• An NGO representative included as a member of the Accreditation Council
• Public reports
![Page 24: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ashe
Goals • Integration of the Croatian science and higher
education system with the European systems• Integration with the European Higher Education
Area• Improved mobility• Improved quality • Recognisability and credibility of Croatian higher
education qualifications• Access of persons with foreign higher education
qualifications to the Croatian labour market• Equitable access to higher education system
![Page 25: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
ashe
Working with experts
• Test for credibility of QA procedures • Sharing of good practice• Leading improvements• Valuable experience in professional
development• Capacity building
![Page 26: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
ashe
The audit team consists of:
2 representatives of HEIs (1 domestic, 1 foreign)
1 representative of a scientific institute or the business sector
1 student representative 1 representative of ASHE
![Page 27: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
ashe
Criteria for experts selection (audit):
• good knowledge of higher education, science and quality assurance
• good knowledge of quality assurance systems• participation in seminars for audit experts organised by
ASHE (on-line seminars for foreign experts)• successful completion of seminar for audit
experts/certificate; database of audit experts• participation in additional trainings for audit experts• experience in audit
![Page 28: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
ashe
Requirements for foreign experts – re-accreditation:
• Competences in the discipline• Good knowledge of English language• Good oral and written communication skills• Teamwork• Non-conflict of interest and confidentiality
![Page 29: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
ashe
Education• Audit (procedure, standards, criteria, outcome)
– Basic training (Seminar+workshop→certificate →inclusion in database)
– Additional training– On-line seminars
• Re-accreditation – 1 day prior to site-visit
(procedure, standards, criteria, outcome, preparation for site-visit)
![Page 30: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
ashe
Preparations for the site visitPanel• Reads the documents• Explores the web• Reflects on all issues• Shares initial impressions/findings (on the
meetings)• Asks for additional documents (evidences)• Puts a programme together (who to see, where to
go)• Plans for the interview sessions
![Page 31: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
ashe
What happens during the site visit?
The review panel• Holds interviews • Checks documents• Collects evidence• Forms collective judgments • Makes QA recommendations• Holds an exit meeting/provides oral
feedback to the institution
![Page 32: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
ashe
Expressing the conclusions• Avoid unjustified and overly prescriptive
statements• Consider the form and tone of the
conclusions• Identify both commendable practices and
areas for improvement• Provide firm evidence for conclusions• Avoid too diplomatic, indirect tone
![Page 33: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
ashe
Exit Meeting• with the leaders of the institution• the final assessment is not delivered• brief oral report – general impressions• presented by the panel chair
![Page 34: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
ashe
Report• within 1 month after the site-visit• written by the chair of the expert panel• all members should take notes during the
site-visit and cooperate in producing of the report
• Report style (public document)• Recommendation• Adoption of the report• Audit follow-up → Final report
![Page 35: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
ashe
An institution’s expectations of the agency’s report
The report is• an external opinion• substantiated by
evidence• a set of recommendations• timely• well structured
The report is NOT
• just what the institution wrote• unsubstantiated
• prescriptive of the solutions• late• hard to follow
![Page 36: Implementing Bologna Process in Croatia – the Role of Agency for Science and Higher Education](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020500/568159d0550346895dc71f0d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
ashe
Lessons learned
• Involvement of all stakeholders in implementing changes and carrying out activities
• Bring about changes– “bottom-up initiatives”• International good practice – but implemented in
the national context (“no recipe”)• Fair and equitable treatment of all stakeholders
(public, private, new or traditional higher education institutions)
• Continuing education of employees/stakeholders