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Implementation of Bundles in NICU Rosana Richtmann, M.D. Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana São Paulo Presidente da Sociedade Paulista de Infectologia - SPI

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Implementation of Bundles in

NICU

Rosana Richtmann, M.D.

Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas

Hospital e Maternidade Santa Joana – São Paulo

Presidente da Sociedade Paulista de Infectologia - SPI

AGENDA

What is a “BUNDLE”?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a NICU?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a Brazilian

NICU?

How to put the BUNDLE in practice,

working with “Medical Doctors…”?

AGENDA

What is a “BUNDLE”?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a NICU?

› CVC

› VAP

How to develop a BUNDLE in a Brazilian

NICU?

How to put the BUNDLE in practice,

working with “Medical Doctors…”?

➥Individual measures that when put

together have much better results!

➥Considered a standard of care!

INSTITUTE FOR HEALTHCARE IMPROVEMENT

Guidelines X Bundles:

What is the difference?

Which one is better to the ICC?

X

“Guidelines” are long

Some

recommendations are not well defined

Guidelines are very hard to put in practice

Many HCW ignore then

Just 3 to 5 recommendations

100% based on HIGH level of scientific evidence

Easier to put in practice

100% of HCW know then

“Bundles Brigde the Guideline Gap”

Evidence Guideline Practice

Bundles

Guidelines X Bundles: What is the diference?

AGENDA

What is a “BUNDLE”?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a NICU?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a Brazilian NICU?

How to put the BUNDLE in practice, working with “Medical Doctors…”?

“Healthcare-acquired infection (HAI) in children

may have been considered inevitable in the past.”

A ocorrência da IH não é mais aceita como uma

consequência da internação em Unidade de

terapia intensiva pediátrica ou neonatal

The Classical Central Line Bundle (for adults…)

Hand hygiene

Maximum barrier precautions,

Chlorhexidine site disinfection,

Avoiding the femoral site,

Promptly removing unnecessary central venous catheters

The Yale–New Haven Children’s Hospital 54- Beds.

Decrease the BSI rate

quasi-experimental study of an educational intervention

July 2005 - June 2007

multidisciplinary quality improvement committee – Review published data

– create guidelines for CVC placement and management.

Pre intervention

1. CVC insertion with different techniques

2. Use of Povidone iodine with 70% isopropyl alcohol

3. Dressing changes without routine recommendations

4. TPN infusion + other medicaments

5. 70% alcohol for hub disinfection

6. No routine in the decision to Remove CVCs (on medical demand)

Post intervention

1. Insertion of CVC = HCW from the Catheter team

2. sustained

3. When damp, loosened or soiled

4. CVC exclusive for TPN

5. chlorhexidine gluconate on the hub

6. Daily analysis on the necessity of the CVC

Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infections in the

NICU: Getting to Zero

NEONATAL NETWORK May/June 2009, VOL. 28, NO. 3

Arkansas Children’s Hospital

NCIU with 85 beds

800 admission /year

PICC line/ Broviac (exclusive for GI surgery and TPN)

AGENDA

What is a “BUNDLE”?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a NICU?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a Brazilian NICU?

How to put the BUNDLE in practice, working with “Medical Doctors…”?

CLABSI in Brazil?

How big is the Problem?

181 published papers about CLABSI

CLABSI rates: 3.2 - 40.4/1000 cvc-d

Higher incidence in ICU (specially =

NICU)

Mortality rate: 6,7% a 75%

– Higher mortality: Pseudomonas/Acineto/

Candida

APECIH – Infecção Associada ao uso de Cateteres

Vasculares, 2005

poorly defined

1%

ParasitaryInfections

4%

GI infections8% Meningites

1%

IRA5%

Pneumonias8%

Nutricional issues

3%

Sepsis3%

Neonatal issues 61 %

Total of Deaths: 325.763

Mortality causes in < 1y in Latin America countries,

OPS 2003

10% 5%

32 %

24%

29 %

Mortality causes in < 1y in Latin America countries,

OPS 2003

EUA: Gaynes, 1996

n = 13'179

40%

15%14%

8%

8%

15%

BSI PNEU EENT SST GI OTHERS

Sites of Neonatal Infections

BSI – Blood Stream infection

PNEU - pneumonia

EENT – eyes, ear, nose and mounth

SST – skin and soft tissues

GI - gastrointestinal

Europa: Raymond, 2000

n = 80

68%17%

14%1%

BSI PNEU GI Outros

Brasil: Pessoa-Silva, 2004

n = 1'494

50%

15%

14%

7%6% 8%

BSI PNEU EENT SST GI Outros

Neonatal Network Survey

3° 2°

Healthcare-Associated Infections Among Neonates in Brazil

Pessoa da Silva, Richtmann R at all.

– 7 NICU

– 4878 Neonates 22% NI

24.9/1000 neonate.day

– 28% early onset 72% late onset

– Ranged: 12,3% > 2500g - 51,9% <1000g

– 40% of deaths related to NI

– 50% BSI CNS: 1st microrganism

ICHE, September 2004;25:772-777

ICHE, September 2004;25:772-777

2◦

• To evaluate DA-HAI

• From sept 2003 to Feb 2010

• 13.251 patients

• 30 NICU

• 15 countries

CLA-BSI and PAV

Low-income

Lower-middle-income

Upper-middle-income

CID, 2009

Pre intervention

1. CVC insertion with different techniques

2. Use of Povidone iodine with 70% isopropyl alcohol

3. Dressing changes without routine recommendations

4. TPN infusion + other medicaments

5. 70% alcohol for hub disinfection

6. No routine in the decision to Remove CVCs (on medical demand)

Post intervention

1. Insertion of CVC = HCW from the Catheter team

2. sustained

3. When damp, loosened or soiled

4. CVC exclusive for TPN

5. chlorhexidine gluconate on the hub

6. Daily analysis on the necessity of the CVC

chlorhexidine

gluconate (CHG)

1. Maintenance of CVC = Catheter team

Monthly feedback and discussion of all data with neonatologists, nurses, etc

Pneumonia Bundle

Prevenção de Pneumonia Associada a

Ventilação Mecânica

Institute for Healthcare Improvement

1-Elevação da cabeceira entre 30 a 45

graus

2-“Despertar diário”

3-Prevenção de úlcera péptica

4-Profilaxia de trombose venosa

Fatores de risco para aquisição de BCP associada à VM

Adulto:

– Duração da VM

– Aspiração orofaríngea

– Uso de antibiótico

– Dispositivos respiratórios

RN:

– IG

– Peso

– Sexo

– Duração VM

– Aspiração traqueal

– Reintubação

– Dreno de tórax

How-to-guide

Pediatric supplement

Ventilator Associated

Pneumonia

Pediatric Affinity Group

Modificações para o Bundle Pediátrico/RN

Manter decúbito 15 – 30 º para RN .

Despertar diário da sedação não é recomendado pelo risco de extubação não planejada. Recomenda-se avaliação diária para a possibiidade de extubação através de check list diário ou durante as rondas.

Profilaxia de úlcera gástrica de acordo com a idade da criança

Profilaxia de trombose venosa de acordo com a idade da criança respeitando sempre as contra indicações.

1-Higiene oral apropriada para idade do paciente. Considerar o uso da

clorexidina para crianças acima de 2 meses de vida.

2- Mantenha o circuito do ventilador livre de condensado. Drenar a água a

cada 2 –4 horas

3- Realizar a troca do circuito apenas quando apresentar sujeira visível ou

mal funcionamento

4-.Realizar meticulosa higiene das mãos sempre antes e após a

manipulação do circuito

5- Trocar o cateter de aspiração quando estiver visivelmente sujo. No sistema

aberto deverá ser descartado a cada uso.

6-. Armazenar dispositivo de sucção oral em saco plástico limpo e seco quando não

estiver em uso.

CUIDADOS ADICIONAIS A SEREM

CONSIDERADOS

+

+

+/-

+

+/-

Cincinnati Children’s Hospital

Medidas implementadas de acordo com as recomendações do IH para pediatria.

Educação dos profissionais envolvidos Implementação das medidas

Início em agosto de 2005 6.0/1000vm dia

Agosto de 2006 1.4/1000vm dia

Creating and Implementing a Bundle to Reduce VAP in the NICU (IMPROVEMENT REPORT)

Cuidados com tubo endotraqueal

Instalar cord clamp apenas após IOT

Evitar ao maximo extubações não programadas .

Utilização de sistema de fechado para aspiração traqueal.

Avaliação cuidadosa para indicar intubação. Escolher suporte ventilatório menos invasivo possível

Central DuPage Hospital

Winfield, Illinois, USA - IHI

Massachusetts Hospital Association (MHA) have been offering programming to

support the prevention of hospital-acquired infections throughout the Bay State

Analise geral Bundle BCP em Neonatologia

Número maior de medidas X adulto

Medidas que se repetem: – Troca do circuito

– Sistema de aspiração fechado

– Higiene oral

– Decúbito elevado

Prevenção de úlcera gástrica?

Prevenção de trombose venosa?

AGENDA

What is a “BUNDLE”?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a NICU?

How to develop a BUNDLE in a Brazilian NICU?

How to put the BUNDLE in practice, working with “Medical Doctors…”?