implant introduction & history -simple version

8/13/2019 Implant Introduction & History -Simple Version

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DENTAL IMPLANTIntroduction & Basic

Knowledge


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Dental Implant history


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Perkembangan Implan Gigi

Abad 16 ; fosil tengkorakimplan sederhana - pengganti gigi

Material : Black stone ( Sandhaus,1975 )

Awal 1990material ( metal ) : alumunium, silver,

magnesium, red copper, gold, nikel


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1940 ( Bothe dkk )bone fusing to TITANIUM

1952 Branemark )

penyembuhan tulang

sec microskopis

Awal 1960an implan gigi diaplikasi pada manusia

Pada 1970anistilah sseointegeration


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Tipe implan Subperiosteal


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Root Form

Jaringan Periodonsium = Jaringan PeriimplantPeriodontitis = PeriimplantitisGingiva = Periimplant MukosaGingivitis = Periimplant Mukositis


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In 1952, in a modestly appointed laboratory in the university town of Lund,Sweden, Professor Per-Ingvar Brnemark had a lucky accident -- what mostscientists call serendipity. Much to his irritation, Dr. Brnemark discovered that it

was impossible to recover any of the bone-anchored titanium microscopes he wasusing in his research. The titanium had apparently bonded irreversibly to living

bone tissue, an observation which contradicted contemporary scientific theory. His curiosity aroused, Dr. Brnemark subsequently demonstrated that -- under

carefully controlled conditions -- titanium could be structurally integrated intoliving bone with a very high degree of predictability and, without long-term softtissue inflammation or ultimate fixture rejection. Brnemark named the

phenomenon osseointegration. The first practical application of osseointegration was the implantation of new

titanium roots in an edentulous patient in 1965. More than thirty years later, thenon-removable teeth attached to these roots are still functioning perfectly.

The Father of DentalImplant


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Root Form (modern design)


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Implant abutment connection

External connection Internal connection


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Short Implant !!


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Crown : Root ratio ??


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Interface enhancement

*various interface topography impressed textured, diffusionbonded

microspheres, hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramic coating, grit blasted/acid

etched,plasma sprayed metal,plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite/calcium phosphate

Increase Bone to Implant Contact area


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PERLEKATAN IMPLANDENGAN JARINGAN LUNAK &

OSTEOINTEGRASI


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PERLEKATAN KE JARINGAN LUNAK

A. Jaringan Ikat Ada 2 kemungkinan:

Fiber berorientasi sejajar/sirkular dgn permukaanimplan permukaan implan halus.

Fiber berorientasi tegak lurus permukaan implan permukaan implan kasar.


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B. Jaringan Epitel

Jar epitel barrier antara lingkungan luar (ronggamulut) dan lingkungan dalam jaringan = periimplant seal

Perlekatannya junctional epithelium = pada gigi asli disebut juga epithelial attachment .

Biologic Width pada implan = gigi asli tidak bolehdilanggar.


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Biologic Width


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OSTEOINTEGRASI

Osteointegrasi = penyatuan tlg dgn implan Berbeda dgn gigi tidak memiliki jar perio Apabila terbentuk jar ikat antara implan dgn tulang (fiber-

osteointegrasi) considered failure


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SIFAT-SIFAT &BIOKOMPATIBILITAS

DENTAL IMPLANT


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Sifat mekanik implan Tensile strength mendekati stainless steel

Lebih kuat dari tulang kortikal, sehingga dengan diameter yang kecil dapat menerima beban yang besar

Liat dan dapat ditempa, sehingga dapat menyesuaikanbila mendapat tekanan mendadak


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Commercially pure titanium grade 4

Kandungan O2 dan Fe nya lebih banyak dari grade 1, 2,dan 3

properti mekanikalnya lebih baik tanpa mengurangibiokompatibilitasnya


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Mengapa titanium sangat cocoksebagai implan gigi

1. Dapat membentuk lapisan titanium oxide bila terkena udara, airdan cairan elektrolit melindungi metal terhadapreaksi kimia ( cairan tubuh )

2. Bersifat bioinert mencegah ion metal bereaksi denganmolekul jaringan

3. Mempunyai mekanikal properti yang baik ( tensile strength baik,lebih kuat dari tulang kortikal, liat )

4. Osseointegration dapat menyatu dengan tulang


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implant introduction & history -simple version

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