impairments and disability: points for discussion
DESCRIPTION
Discussion points for social work students highlighting difference between impairments and disability. Also touches on use of the full person with disability rather than the abbreviated PWD. Talks briefly about differences, exclusion, intolerance and quick fix. Points out key challenges for social workers in working with marginalized persons with disabilities, families, and communities. Presented to 2nd year social work students of the Philippine Christian University on March 17, 2012 in a forum entitled NapapanahongUsapin ng Lipunan…Alamin, Siyasatin at Sagutin.TRANSCRIPT
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 1
Impairments and Disability:Discussion Points
Paul Edward MuegoPhilippine Coordinating Center for Inclusive Development, Inc.
Presented to the 2nd year class of social work students at the Philippine Christian University last March 17, 2012
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 2
• Our office started in 2004 as the cbm Community-Based Rehabilitation Coordination Office with the aim “to promote CBR as the main strategy for the delivery of educational, rehabilitation and medical services, together with work aimed at promoting greater inclusion and participation.”
• July 30, 2013, eighteen people from diverse fields and backgrounds were invited to be the founding incorporators of a “new” organization to take the place of the cbm CBR CO.
• The Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission formally recognized the new organization in November 22, 2013: the Philippine Coordinating Center for Inclusive Development, Inc.
better communities for everyone
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“The few own the many because they possess the
means of livelihood of all ... The country is governed
for the richest, for the corporations, the bankers, the
land speculators, and for the exploiters of labor. The
majority of mankind are working people. So long as
their fair demands - the ownership and control of their
livelihoods - are set at naught, we can have neither
men's rights nor women's rights. The majority of
mankind is ground down by industrial oppression in
order that the small remnant may live in ease.”
- Helen Keller
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 4
Who? Where? What?!#%
• “In Brgy. 462, a group of W, M, C, Y, UP, FFs, OPs, Ls and PWDs were having a meeting.”
• Does this make sense?
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 5
PWD? Pilay na Walang Dangal?!
• “PWD” can mean a variety of things!
• Use person with disability not PWD
• Language reflects and shapes the way we view the world.
• Words we use influence community attitudes, both positively and negatively, and impact on the lives of others.
Source: http://www.pwd.org.au/students/terminology.html
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 6
Why do we behave like this?
• Culture of:“intolerance
to differences”
“exclusion”“quick fix”“shortcuts”
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 7
As such…
• Other people decide things for persons with disabilities without their participation
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 8
KEY CONCEPTS
Exploring the UNCRPD & Philippine CBR Manual: An Inclusive Development Strategy
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Key Concepts:Impairments
• Impairments—of functions of:
PhysicalMental IntellectualSensory
Long termSource: UN CRPD, 2006
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Some Causes of Impairments
• Extreme poverty as manifested in situations like:
Malnutrition Overcrowding Lack of access to
information, safe water, health and social services
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 11
Some Causes of Impairments
• Goitre, ear infection, cataract• Diabetes & cardio vascular diseases• Unsafe environments • Natural disasters• Armed conflict
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 12
Key Concepts:Disability
• Disability— Result of interaction
between persons with impairments and attitudinal/ environmental barriers
Hinders full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.
Source: UN CRPD, 2006
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Thus…
• Disability is not due to functional impairments, but rather due to societal factors—attitudinal, institutional, and environmental barriers
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 14
Key Concepts:CBR Principles (UNCRPD General Principles)
• Inclusion• Participation• Self-Advocacy• Sustainability• Equal Opportunity• Accessibility
Source: Philippine CBR Manual, 2009
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DEMOGRAPHIC DATAQuick Glance at Statistics
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Global Population Estimate
• WHO: persons with disabilities make up an estimated 10% of the world’s population, 80% of which reside in developing countries.
Source: http://www.e-include.eu/
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 17
Local population of persons with disability
• 2000 National Population Census:
942,0001.23% of total
population• 2011 National
Household Targeting System:
302,421
Source: www.ncda.gov.ph
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 18
Geographic information
• 70% of people with disability live in rural areas (& poor communities)
• 4.5 million Filipinos with disability are not receiving the essential services they need
Source: Asian Development Bank, 2005/NCDA, 2005
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Related statistics
• 2008:Out of 2.7 million Filipino children with disability of school age, only 78,144 are allowed to attend school.
Source: Department of Education
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 20
Related statistics
• 2005: Of the total population of persons with disabilities, 57.12% are employed; 62.95% were males & 37.05% were females.
Source: NSO 2005
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 21
LEGISLATIONS, ISSUANCES
Those who have less… have laws, (only)?!
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International Commitments
• United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Signed: 9-25-2007 Ratified: 4-15-2008
• UDHR, UN CRC, MDGs, etc.
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Local Laws, Issuances
• RA No. 7277 (Magna Carta for Disabled Persons)
• RA No. 9442• BP Blg. 344• Joint Circular No.
2003-01 (DBM, DSWD)
• EO 437 (CBR)
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Laws & community realities
• The gap between what the laws say and what reality actually is… well, that is another thing...
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EXISTING PROGRAMS & SERVICES
Using the CBR Matrix to examine
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 26
Like everybody else…
• People with disabilities have different needs and different situations
• They too need access to food, healthcare, education, livelihood, and even marriage & relationships… like everybody else
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 27
The CBR Matrix
GOAL: HUMAN RIGHTS—INCLUSIVE SOCIETY
GUIDING PRINCIPLES: PARTICIPATION, INCLUSION, SUSTAINABILITY, EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES, ACCESSIBILITY, SELF ADVOCACY
HEALTH EDUCATION LIVELIHOOD SOCIAL EMPOWER-MENT
PROMOTION
PREVENTION
MEDICAL CARE
REHABILITATION
ASSISTIVE DEVICES
EARLY CHILDHOOD
PRIMARY
SECONDARY & HIGHER
NON-FORMAL
LIFELONG LEARNING
SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
SELF EMPLOYMENT
FINANCIAL SERVICES
EMPLOYMENT
SOCIAL PROTECTION
RELATIONSHIIP, MARRIAGE, & FAMILY
PERSONAL ASSISTANCE
CULTURE/ARTS
LEISURE/ SPORTS
JUSTICE
COMMUNIICA-TION
SOCIAL MOBILIZATION
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
SELF HELP GROUP
DPOs
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 28
CBR Components
EDUCATION
SOCIAL
HEALTH
LIVELIHOODEMPOWERMENT
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 29
IMPLICATIONS OF CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS
TIDES OF TRANSFORMATION
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Challenges
• Poverty in rural and urban areas
• Corruption, misuse of government funds
• Environmental-related disasters, and
• Armed conflict, among others
are expected to increase the number of persons with impairments
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Facing the challenges
• Based on the principles of SELF ADVOCACY and PARTICIPATION persons with disabilities, through their Disabled Peoples’ Organizations, are at the heart of CBR.
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Organizing & Strengthening DPOs
• DPOs, organized based on their collective goal to live life to the full, are:
Working with local government, support institutions, and other organizations
Ensuring that their needs and rights, and that of the whole community, are met, ensured and protected.
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Challenge for social workers
• Be true to facilitative role
• Helping persons with disabilities must be done in the community development way:
• Defining development together with the people, most especially the excluded;
• Starting from where they are and building on what they have; and
• Helping them in their continuing capability building, empowerment and self reliance.
Impairments and Disability: Discussion Points March 17, 2012 34
Some Reference Materials:
1. UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
2. WHO CBR Guidelines3. Philippine CBR Manual4. WHO 2011 Report on
Disability5. Universal Declaration of
Human Rights6. RA No. 7277 (Magna Carta for
Disabled Persons) and RA No. 9442 (ammendment)
7. BP Blg. 344 (Accessibility Law)
8. EO 437 (Encouraging LGUs to use CBR)
• Contact us:Philippine Coordinating Center for Inclusive Development, Inc.Unit 101 Erisha CondominiumNo. 1142 P. Ocampo Street corner Dian Street1004 Malate, Manila
Tel. No. (02) 522 [email protected]@gmail.comwww.pccid.org