impact of higher power poe++ on twisted-pair structured cabling · pdf fileimpact of higher...

Impact of Higher Power PoE++ on Twisted-Pair Structured Cabling

Marco Antonio Damian

Panduit [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Next Generation PoE

• Connect significantly more devices due to higher power

• Affects cabling due to the additional heat that is generated

• In short, the impact on cabling infrastructure is:

– Recommend Cat 6A cabling

– Watch cable bundle sizes

PoE++

• PoE++ Overview and Applications

• PoE++ Impact on Cabling Infrastructure

• PoE++ Recommendations

PoE Standards Overview

Type StandardsMaximum

Current

Number of Energized

Pairs

Power at Source

Power at Device

Maximum Data Rate

Standard Ratified

PoE IEEE 802.3af (802.3at Type 1) 350 mA 2 15.4 W 13 W 1000BASE-T 2003

PoE+ IEEE 802.3at Type 2 600 mA 2 30 W 25.5 W 1000BASE-T 2009

PoE++

(4PPoE)

Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 3

Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 4

600 mA

960 mA4

60 W

90 W

51 W

71.3 W10GBASE-T

Expected 2016-2017

No IEEE standard

Cisco UPOE

HDBaseT (www.hdbaset.org)

600 mA

> 1000 mA4

60 W

> 100 W

51 W

> 100 WVaries

Exists today – no official ratification

New PoE standard is significantly beyond the older PoE and PoE+ standards

Applications for PoE++

Standards Work Supporting PoE++• Called PoE++ or 4PPoE (four pair PoE)

• IEEE P802.3bt Task Force– Type 4 up to 71.3 W at end device with close to 1 amp per pair

– Backwards compatible

– Can support 10GBASE-T

• TIA TSB-184-A– Amending old document from 2 to 4 pairs and 1000 mA current

– Concerned with limiting cable bundle temperature rise < 15oC

• ISO/IEC TR-29125 and CENELEC TR 50174-99-1– International cabling guidelines for PoE++

TSB-184-A Overview

• Tested multiple cable bundle sizes

• Measured temperature rise in center of bundle

• Temperature rise can:

– Cause signal degradation

– Cause long-term damage if temperature exceeds cable rating

PoE++




Impact #1: Insertion Loss• Additional insertion loss

at higher temperature de-rates maximum channel lengths

• Conservative values

• Use vendor headroom warranties to estimate performance

• Consult cable vendor for specific performance

Temperature(oC, (oF))

Maximum* horizontal length, unscreened (m)

Maximum* horizontal length, screened (m)

20 (68) 90.0 90.0

25 (77) 89.0 89.5

30 (86) 87.0 88.5

35 (95) 85.5 87.7

40 (104) 84.0 87.0

45 (113) 81.7 86.5

50 (122) 79.5 85.5

55 (131) 77.2 84.7

60 (140) 75.0 83.0

* Assumes 10 meters of patch at 20 degrees CFrom ANSI/TIA-568-C.2, Table G.2

Net Impact of Temperature on Cabling• Watch bundle sizes so net temperature increase is below 15

degrees

• Ensure ambient temperature is at least 15 degrees below the cable operating temperature rating– Cable operating temperature typically 60 degrees; some go to 75 degrees

– Exceeding cable temperature rating may damage cable

– Consult cable vendor for actual operating temperature rating

• Understand cable insertion loss de-rating implication– What temperatures will cable experience along its run?

– What effect does (ambient + 15 degrees C) have on maximum channel length?

Impact #2: Bundle Sizes

26 AWG Cat 5E Cat 6 Cat 6A Cat 8

600 mA 87 155 187 225 245

720 mA 60 101 126 147 162

1000 mA 24 52 64 74 80

From TIA TSB-184-A, Draft 3.0, Table A.7. Subject to change as document goes through ballot process

• Higher categories have better PoE++ performance– Partly due to use of larger wire gauges

• Consult cable vendor for actual thermal rise in bundles– Values shown here are conservative

Bundle Size Testing Actual Example

• Panduit successfully done testing for 100-cable bundles

• Shows 28, 26, and 23 AWG performance with PoE

• Implications:– All gauges work, but have different

bundle size limits

– Cat 6A has best performance

Cable Bundling• Bundling means tightly bundled cables

• Loosely laid cables in a tray are not bundled

• Cable needs air to release heat

• What to do if you need larger bundle sizes? Adjacent bundles!

Two 35 cable bundles of Cat 5e or 6 One 70 cable bundle of Cat 6A

Both acceptable ways to route 70 cables in bundles

Panduit will Cat 6A, 24 AWG, will work in 100 cables bundles

Some space between

bundles is preferred to allow

heat to dissipate.

Impact #3: Connectivity and Arcing• PoE is not live until

powered device (PD) and powered sourcing equipment (PSE) handshake

• When unplugging live PoE, an arc (or spark) occurs between plug and jack contacts

• Occurs with ALL mated PoE connections

• Ensure jack meets IEC 60512-99-001 for compliance

Plug Fully Engaged with Jack Plug at Disengagement Point

Plug Contacts

Jack

Contacts

Jack

Contacts Plug

Contacts

Image shows a plug mating with a jack (plug and jack housings removed)

Integrated Arc Suppression. Panduit jacks and plugs are rated to 2500 mating cycles with live 100W PoE++ Type 4 running

What About Heat and Connectivity?• Not a huge issue

• Most connectors rated to 60oC

• Panduit tested:– Cables heated to 60oC

– PoE++ running through cable and connectors

• How hot will connectivity get due to heat from cable and current running through connector?

Cable heated to 60oC

PoE++ Type 4 running through

cable and connectors

Jack Temperature Results• Jacks experience less than

5oC temperature rise under worst-case conditions

• Therefore, ambient jack temperature must be 5oC below maximum jack operating temperature

• To operate in 60oC ambient, you need a 65oC rated jack

NEC and PoE?• NEC is investigating updating code to regulate PoE

– Impact would be on 2017 NEC code

– Would effect cable bundle sizes unless cable has LP listing

– An LP listing is currently not required for PoE

• Bundle size in NEC versus TSB-184-A– As proposed, cable bundle sizes in TSB-184-A are more restrictive (smaller) than NEC

– Makes sense TSB-184-A would be more restrictive as it is performance based, not safety

• LP listing *if* adopted by NEC– If cable is LP listed, it can be bundled without any restrictions up to its power rating

– If cable is not LP listed or being used over its power rating, you need to ensure you meet NEC table for bundle sizes based on cable temperature and wire gauge

– Concern with LP listing confusing people relative to electrical performance (remember insertion loss and heat?)

• Uncertain future in NEC

PoE++




What You Need to Know

• Ambient temperature where cable is installed– Do I need to de-rate my maximum channel length?

– Is my maximum cable operating temperature greater than the ambient temperature plus 15oC?

– Cables with 75oC have more flexibility

• What are the maximum bundle sizes for the cable being used?

• Does my connectivity meet IEC 60512-99-001?

• Is my ambient temperature where my jacks are installed at least 5oC below the maximum jack operating temperature?

What is Recommended

• Install Category 6A

– Best thermal performance

– Largest bundle sizes

– Supports 10GBASE-T (which PoE++ allows)

• Category 6A cabling is recommended by TSB-184-A for new installations

Other Challenges Created by IoT• Managing larger cable sizes in the same

space

• Creating space in same footprint for…

– More pieces of equipment

– Larger equipment & more ports

• Managing higher port densities at switches & panels

• How to set up or reconfigure many telecom rooms quickly

Challenges of space & time

Telecom Room Innovations• 5 New Solutions

1) Rapid Patching

2) Rapid Port Replication

3) Direct Switch Patching

4) High Density Configuration

5) Vertical Patching

• Description, Application Case, Ingredients, & Benefits

TR Innovation #1: Rapid Patching

TR Innovation #1: Rapid Patching• Description

– Pre-assembled, multi-cord patching harness

• Application Case

– Reduce patching time to speed deployment of typical 2-connector TR layout

– Best when matched with same-length cord layout

TR Innovation #1: Rapid Patching• Ingredients

– Plug-to-plug switch patching harness (ideally using 28 AWG cords & switch end organizer)

– 48-port 1RU panels

• Benefits

– 60-85% time savings vs loose cord patching

– Enables more compact layout

– Provides consistency between TR sites

Switch Patching

Harness

(12-way)

48-port 1RU Patch

Panel

(Flat or Angled)

Rapid Patching Example

TR Innovation #2: Rapid Port Replication

TR Innovation #2: Rapid Port Replication• Description

– Pre-assembled, multi-cord port replication harness


– Reduce port replication time to speed deployment of typical 3-connector TR layout

– Port replication used to limit access to switch ports

TR Innovation #2: Rapid Port Replication• Ingredients

– Plug-to-jack replication harness (ideally using 28 AWG cords, switch end organizer, and cassette)

– 48-port 1RU panels (usually vertically numbered)

• Benefits

– 75-85% time savings vs replication with loose cords

– Increases consistency between TR sites

Port Replication

Harness

(12-way)

48-port 1RU Patch

Panel

(Flat or Angled)

(Back View) (Front View)

Rapid Port Replication Example

TR Innovation #3: Direct Switch Patching

TR Innovation #3: Direct Switch Patching• Description

– Short patch cords directly between switch and adjacent patch panel


– Individual or multiple edge switches, with panels above or below switches

– Create space in existing racks for new equipment, or compact layout for new racks

TR Innovation #3: Direct Switch Patching• Ingredients

– Short patch cords (8” typical, ideally 28 AWG cords)

– 48-port 1RU/2RU panels (usually vertically numbered)

• Benefits

– Reclaim usable rack space for new equipment

• Typically saves 2U per switch

– Eliminate cost of horizontal managers

– Easier maintenance & troubleshootingShort Patch Cords &

Vertically-numbered 48-port

panel

Direct Switch Patching Example

TR Innovation #4: High Density Configuration

• Need for higher patched port capacities in single rack

– Addition of larger switches

– Consolidation into single rack due to limited space


• Description

– Layout combining

• Chassis switches

• Angled patch panels

• 3U horizontal manager

• 28 AWG patch cords

• 2U rack extension


– High patched port capacity with conventional panel orientation

• 672 ports as shown


• Ingredients

– 28 AWG patch cords

– Angled patch panels (ideally 48-port 1RU)

– 2U rack extender

– 3U horizontal manager

• Benefits

– Provides highest port density in single rack using conventional panel orientation

Views of High Density Patch Configurations

28 AWG Patch Cords

3U Horizontal ManagerAngled 48-port 1RU Patch Panels

2U Rack Extender

TR Innovation #5: Vertical Patching

• Need for additional or maximum patched port capacities in single rack

– Support multiple large switches

– Consolidation into single rack


• Description

– Layout combining

• Multiple chassis switches

• Vertical managers with panel mounting capability

• Vertically mounted patch panels (ideally 48-port 1RU)

• 28 AWG patch cords


– Where maximum patched port capacity is required and vertical mounting of panels is acceptable

• 1008 ports as shown


• Ingredients

– Vertical managers with panel mounting features

– 48-port 1RU panels

– 28 AWG patch cords

• Benefits

– Enables additional space for patch panels with existing racks

– Provides highest available RU for equipment in single rack

• However patch cord management can be a challenge at maximum density

Views of Patching with

Vertical Patch Panels

28 AWG Patch Cords48-port 1RU Patch

Panels

Vertical Manager with Panel

Mounting

TR Innovations: Comparing Density & Speed

Density

Time to

Patch 1 RU

480240 960

1 Hour

20 MinutesS

peed

Maximum Patched Ports in Single

Rack

#1 Rapid Patching

#2 Rapid Port Replication

#3 Direct Switch Patching

#4 High Density Configuration

#5 Vertical Patching 1008

768

960

480

480

Questions?

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