impact of cardiovascular health on youthful aging2
DESCRIPTION
Reviews the role heart health has in maintainin overall health, function and vitaliy throughout life.TRANSCRIPT
Impact of Cardiovascular Health
on Youthful AgingDesmond Ebanks, MD
Founder & Medical Director
Alternity Healthcare, LLC
Youthful Aging = Successful Aging
Low probability of disease and disease related disability
High cognitive and physical functional capacity
Active engagement with life
JW Rowe & RL Kahn, Successful Aging, The Gerantologist, vol 37, no. 4, pg 433-440, 1997
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) > 80 million Americans have CVD Number one killer of Americans Kills more people than the next 5 leading
causes of death; including cancer Sudden death is the first sign of CVD in nearly
a quarter of first-time heart attack cases
American Heart Association, 2009 update
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) Causes over 1 million deaths/ year; more than
half of those deaths are among women
16 million people have coronary artery disease resulting in nearly 500,000 deaths/ year
Ten times more women die from CVD than breast cancer each year
American Heart Association
CVD Risk Factors
Silent Inflammation
“High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels are an independent marker of cardiovascular disease risk”
American Heart Association Scientific Sessions, 2008
Homocysteine Elevated levels are associated with
increased risk for mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD)
“Long term folate-based vitamin therapy lowered all-cause mortality in patients with CAD and elevated homocysteine levels”
The American Journal of Cardiology, Sept. 2009
Recent Study on Cholesterol “Almost 75 percent of heart attack patients fell
within recommended targets for LDL cholesterol…half were at optimal levels”
“HDL cholesterol levels have dropped in patients hospitalized for heart attack over the past few years, possibly due to increasing rates of obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes.”
American Heart Journal, Jan 2009
Promoting Heart Health
Regular Exercise
Stress Reduction
Good Nutrition and high quality supplements
Hormone Optimization
Nutrition Mediterranean diet has consistently been
shown to reduce the incidence of heart disease, cancers and overall mortality
Avoid highly processed carbohydrates, artificial sweeteners and hydrogenated oils
Optimal ratio: 40% carbohydrates, 30% protein and 30% healthy fats
Drink a lot of water
Vitamin D3 62 percent higher risk of a cardiovascular event [was
noted] in participants with low levels of vitamin D compared to those with higher levels.
“Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, above and beyond established cardiovascular risk factors”
Framingham Heart Study researchers reported in Circulation: The Journal of The American Heart Association, Jan 2008
Fish Oil
“…tremendous and compelling evidence from very large studies…demonstrate the protective benefits of omega-3 fish oil in multiple aspects of preventive cardiology”
Carl Lavie, MD, Journal of the American College of
Cardiology, August 2009
Co-enzyme Q-10 Powerful antioxidant and free radical
scavenger Essential for muscular energy production Levels found deficient in heart failure Statin drugs cause a depletion Independent predictor of CV mortality
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Dec. 2008
Exercise Resistance training reduces body fat, increases
bone density and muscle mass, reduces the potential for injuries and falls, and improves body appearance.
Aerobic exercise results in improved endurance and conditioning that is associated with greater life expectancy and lowered health risks.
Greater flexibility reduces the risk of injury, can help alleviate low back pain, reduce stress, improve balance and grace.
Resistance Exercise Prevents Sarcopenia:
insidious, age-related loss of muscle mass and strength in otherwise healthy adults
Largest loss of muscle mass occurs from age 50 to 75
Average American gains 1 lb of fat every year between ages 30 to 60, and loses ½ lb of muscle
Mortality & Muscular Strength
“Men with low muscular strength had a 60% higher cardiovascular risk and mortality rate”
American College of Sports Medicine, 2008
Aerobic Exercise Maximal oxygen intake
decreases 10-15% per decade after age 20
an accumulation of body fat and a decrease in habitual physical activity accounts for about half of the age-related decrease
Mortality & Aerobic Fitness
“Better cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease.”
Kodama, S., et al. Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Quantitative Predictor of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Healthy Men and Women, JAMA. 2009;301(19):2024-2035.
Assessing Aerobic Capacity Same sophisticated metabolic measuring
equipment used to test professional athletes and NASA astronauts
Measures VO2 max, or oxygen consumption during exercise, to determine:
1. Effect of body weight on energy2. Capacity of lungs to move air (respiratory exchange ratio)3. Ability of the heart to transport oxygen (O2 pulse)4. Ability of muscles to generate work (watts)5. Optimal training heart rate range (anaerobic threshold)
Aerobic Capacity Peak VO2 values during exercise can
stratify prognosis in patients with heart failure and coronary artery disease
O2 pulse (oxygen consumed per heart beat) provides an additional means for determining prognosis in heart disease patients
Can identify sub-clinical heart disease
Fountain of Youth Deterioration in aerobic fitness may result in a loss of
independence in later life A regular, progressive exercise program can slow or
reverse the loss of aerobic power and prolong independence
Effect of excess body fat Weight: 186 lbs or 84.5 kg Ideal weight: 136 lbs or 61.8 kg
VO2 in ml/kg/min: 22.3
Volume of oxygen moved per minute: 1.89L or 1890 ml
Divided by ideal weight, adjusted VO2: 1890/61.8 = 30.6
Current VO2 divided by adjusted or ideal VO2: 22.3/30.6 = 0.73
27% of oxygen consumption is going to support fat that has no ability to use oxygen. Oxygen is only used by muscles and organs. 27% of fuel is wasted.
Effect of excess body fat Heart rate: 80 beats per minute
60 x 80 = 4800 beats per hour
4800 x 24 = 115,200 beats per day
115,200 x 27% = 31,104 wasted heartbeats per day
31,104 x 365 = 11,352,960 wasted heartbeats/ year
Hormone Balance
Mounting scientific evidence favors a balanced endocrine system for optimal heart health, bone health, sexual health, body composition, and cognitive function.
Hormone Balance (men) Low testosterone concentrations were
associated with increased mortality due to cardiovascular disease, cancer and all causes.
Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association, 2007
Risk of cardiovascular events was double for men
with ED; and in a range similar to current smokers or those with family history of CV disease. Thompson IM, Tangen CM, Goodman PJ, et al. Erectile dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease.
JAMA 2005; 294:2996-3002.
Hormone balance (women) The loss of natural estrogen as women age may
contribute to the higher risk of heart disease after menopause.
American Heart Association
No significant increase in risk due to hormone therapy for any cardiovascular disease outcome in women in the first 10 years of menopause.
Re-analysis of Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) data,
Journal of the American Medical Association, 2007
Summary Good nutrition: eating more fruits and
vegetables reduces mortality risk Exercise capacity: linked to healthy aging
and an opportunity to live out your years with dignity and self-reliance
A balanced endocrine system: restores vitality and reduces risk of disease
www.alternityhealthcare.com
The End