Immune System Day 3

Health can be squandered, but not stored up.

Mason Cooley (b. 1927),

Today’s Agenda

Turn in your colored lymph node if you’ve not done so already.

Progress reports Notes on immune system Practice identifying parts Describe last illness Non-specific immunity

Other Lymphoid Organs:These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes.

1. Spleen: – a.Destroys old or defective red

blood cells– b.Stores platelets– c.Acts as a hematopoietic site in the

embryo and in severe cases of anemia

Other Lymphoid Organs:These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes.

2.Thymus gland– A. Most functional during youth– B. Its hormones cause T

lymphocytes to become immunocompetent.

Other Lymphoid Organs:These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages and lymphocytes.

3.Tonsils and Peyer’s patches– A.Small organs known collectively ast

GALT (gut-associated lymphatic tissues).

– B.Prevent pathogens in the respiratory and digestive tract from going through the mucous membrane lining

Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING

1. Skin & mucous membranes2. Phagocytic cells3. Natural killer cells4. Inflammatory response5. Antimicrobial substances6. Fever

Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING

1. Skin & mucous membranes

LOW

pH

SALIVA

TEARS

MUCUS

Obj. 5 Surface Membrane Barriers

Role=prevent pathogens from entering bodyProtective membranes line all body cavities

and organs exposed to the exterior.Surface membranes provide mechanical

barriers to pathogens.Structural modifications and produce

secretions that enhance their defensive effects (skin acidity, lysozymes, mucus, keratin, cilia)

Bacterial leprosy infection just under skin.

“border line leprosy—numb centers

2. Phagocytic cells--macrophages

i. Phagocytes include macrophages and neutrophils

ii. Phagocytes engulf and destroy pathogensiii. Phagocytosis is enhanced when

pathogens surface is altered by antibodies or complement proteins

iv. Cell killing is enhanced by respiratory burst

Obj. 6

3. Natural killer cells – attack and lyse body cells infected by viruses or that are cancerous.

Obj. 7 Inflammatory response 1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells

4. Inflammatory response– damaged tissues release histamines– Histamines make vessels leaky,

releasing phagocytes & clotting factors– Phagocytes engulf bacteria– Platelets form clots

Obj. 7

Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses: things your body uses to defend against ANYTHING

5. Antimicrobial substances– Interferon–Complement proteins

Obj. 8 Fever 1. Skin & mucous membranes 2. Phagocytic cells 3. Natural killer cells 4. Inflammatory response 5. Antimicrobial substances

6. Fever– Macrophages release pyrogens– Hypothalamus elevates temperature– Liver & spleen supply less iron– Bacteria don’t grow well without iron– Metabolism increases speeding

repair.

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