ime uwb pulse based test-beds for communication and radar thomas buchegger linz center of...
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IME
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for
Communication and Radar
Thomas BucheggerLinz Center of Mechatronics - ICIE
Alexander ReisenzahnUniversity of Linz – IME
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Outline
• UWB Communication Test-Beds– Human Tissue Penetrating
Radio Link Prototype• Cochlear Implant Application
– PPM Test-Bed with Synchronization– Phase Modulated Transmitted Reference
Systems
• UWB Radar
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Human Tissue PenetratingRadio Link Prototype• Modulation: On-Off Keying
• PRF: 40 MHz
• Data rate: 1.2 Mbps
• Range: 1 m
• Receiver: non-coherent detector
• Power consumption (Rx): 20 mW Rx with Backward Diode: 0 mW
UWB transmitter UWB detector receiver
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Human Tissue PenetratingRadio Link Prototype – The Chochlear Implant Application
outside componts of a chochlea implant
• high power consumption• optical unfavorable
UWB transmit signal
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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UWB PPM Test-Bed with Synchronization
receiver
local oscillator
channeltransmitter
UWBtransmitter
external clock(Information)
radiochannel
PDLNA
PD
LP OPA ADC
microcontroller
DDSUWB
reference pulse
oscilloscop
• block schematic of the prototype
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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UWB PPM Test-Bed with Synchronization
Results:
UWB PPM transmitterstep recovery diodesdata rate of 10Mbps
UWB PPM coherent receivercorrelation ReceiverDDS for synchronization
Synchronization algorithm:clock synchronization
< 100 ppm data synchronization
< 5 ms UWB PPM and OOK test bed
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Pulse-Based Modulation Schemes1 0 1
Amplitude
t
0 1 0
t
Amplitude
0 1 0
t
Amplitude
0 1 0
t
Amplitude
0 1 0
t
Amplitude
0 1 0
t
Amplitude
t
s1, s2 = 0, 0 0, 1 1, 0 1, 1
Amplitude
On-Off-Keying
Pulse Amplitude
Pulse Position
Pulse Phase
Delay Hopped Transmitted Reference (DHTR)
Phase Modulated Transmitted Reference (PMTR)
Enhanced Phase Modulated Transmitted Reference (EPMTR)
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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PMTR UWB Systems
• Fast and easy synchronization with an integrating controller
• Only one broadband mixer in the receiver
• One pulse per bit
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Simulation – DHTR, PMTR, EPMTR Systems
Comparison in AWGN channel
DHTR in CM1 with 10 Mbps
PMTR in CM1 with 10 Mbps
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PMTR - Hardware – Test-Bed
R2
C1
GND
Uin
R1 R3
C2
GND GND GND
+3,3 V +3,3 V
R5
C3
R4 R6
GND GND
C4
GND GND
Uout
+3,3 V +3,3 V
T2T1
Stichleitung0,5 mm dick1 mm lang
Stichleitung0,5 mm dick1 mm lang
PMTR transmitter
Pulse generator of an UWB PMTR system
Transmit pulses of a PMTR system
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UWB-Radar Test-Bed Principle
PCUSB
ControllerTransistor
Pulse Generator
Direct DigitalSynthesizer
DownConverter
ADC
Target
TXAntenna
RXAntenna
LNAAmp.
Radar test-bed block diagram
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Transmitter – Pulse generation with D-Latch and single bipolar transistor
CLK
D
Q
PR
CLR
Q
R1
+3.3V
+3.3V
CLK In
Pulse Out
StubC1
• TTL-outputsignal drives transistor into saturation
• Due to the step recovery effect a steep rising edge at the collector is generated
• Differentiation with a short circuited stub
• Elimination of the negative components with a clipping diode
Pulse generation circuitry
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Transmitter – Pulse generation with D-Latch and single bipolar transistor
Output pulseSpectrum of the output pulse combined with the FCC indoor radiation mask
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Receiver – Sequential Sampling
time
amplitude
tPR
tPL
tSample
max2
1
ftt PRSample
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Receiver - Sampling Phase Detector
• Step recovery diode generates step functions• Capacitors differentiate the steps to pulses and act
as a filter for low frequencies• Schottky diodes are turned on by the pulses
SPDLO-IN RF-IN
IF-OUT
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Receiver – Down Conversion
Pulse original Pulse downconverted
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Measurements
Conversion gain 1-dB compression point
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Measurements
Propagation delay
•1 dB-Compression Dynamic Range: > 42 dB
•Receiver Sensitivity: -43 dBm
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UWB Radar Test-Bed
• No biasing• Low cost off the shelf
components• FR4 PCB-material• Single 5 V power supply• Data transfer with USB-
interface
Radar test-bed
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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Receiver – Downconverter with SPD
LO-IN RF-IN
SPD
OUT
LOW PASSFILTER
L
Down converter circuitry with SPD
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Receiver – Downconverter Bandwidth
• Bandwith is depending on the sampling pulse duration:
• Pulse duration approximately the transit time of the SRD
GHz350
max psintf
GHz4,6
55
max
f
pstT
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Transmitter - Pulse Generation
• D-Latch combined with step recovery diodes (SRD)
• D-Latch combined with a single bipolar transistor
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Transmitter - D-Latch with SRD
C1 C2 C3
+5V
L1
D2
D1
I1 I2
in out
GND
• Both SRDs biased in forward direction
• D1 used for steepening the rising edge
• D2 used for steepening the falling edge
• Capacitors for DC-decoupling
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Transmitter - D-Latch with SRD
TTL Pulse
UWB Pulse
Input- and Output-Pulse Prototype
UWB Pulse Based Test-Beds for Communication and Radar
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UWB PPM Test-Bed with Synchronization
...
f
U
PRFf
1
...
POSt
MCt
U
f
PRFPRF ft
1
fPRF = 10 MHz
tMC = 750 ns
tPOS = 38 ps
f = 507 Hz
pulse repetition time
necessary new pulse repetition time for a pulse shift of tPOS is used within the time tMC.
example:
PRF
POS
PRFnewPRF ft
t
ft
MC,
1
PRFMC
POS
PRF
PRF
ft
t
f
ff
1
1
TemplateSignal
Rx Signal