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Imagine living in a world where enemy soldiers occupied the streets of Chattanooga watching your every move. The basic necessities and every day wants such as coffee, sugar, and bread are rationed or scarce. Imagine having to fear for your life just because of your skin color, ethnic background, or religious beliefs. This is the world Ellen Rosen and Annemarie Johansen called home. The following slides give information that will help you to better understand their struggle.

Copenhagen, DenmarkAnnemarie and Ellen’s hometown.

Denmark is bordered by The Baltic Sea, Germany, Norway, andSweden.

Demark is a small country that, in 1940, had around 4 million people. Denmark had a history of taking in persecuted groups of immigrants such as the Jews from Germany. O n April 9, 1940, Germany attacked Demark and Nazi soldiers began to patrol the streets (occupy the country.) Unlike most other countries, for a while, Demark got to keep its governing power under Christian X. In return, Denmark supplied Germany with agricultural goods. Soon the Germans began to destroy Danish businesses and “relocate” Jews to concentration camps. As a result. the Danes launched a resistance against the Jews sabotaging their efforts.

Christian X was the well-loved king of Demark. His fame spread all throughout Europe and the United States for his resistance to Adolf Hitler. When Hitler began to demand that Jews where a yellow arm band to identify themselves as Jews, legend has it that Christian X convinced everyone,in Copenhagen to wear armbands. Christian X would ride his horse, Jubilee, through the streets of Copenhagen each day to show the strength of the monarchy. He became a symbol of great courage and strength which is a sharp contrast to how the people of Denmark viewed Hitler.

Anne Marie and Ellen had to walk down Copenhagen Street. Here is what it looked like in the 1940’s.

Kromborg Castle

Copenhagen Street today: Can you guess whose is represented in the statue?

Annemarie and Ellen also walked down Østerbrogade Street. Here is what it looked like in the 1940’s. The men on bikes are police.

Østerbrogade Today

Paper Dolls

Here is an example of paper dolls that Kirsti, Annemarie, and Ellen played with at home.

Important SymbolsTo Know

Flag of Denmark

Armband worn by Jews to identify themselves

The Swastika

The Star of David

THE SWASTIKA

The swastika is an ancient symbol that has been used for over 3000 years by many cultures to represent life, sun, power, and goodness. Through the years, it has been used on coins, postcards, and buildings. In addition, the American 45th division used the symbol on shoulder patches

On August 7, 1920, Hitler’s Nazi Party adopted the swastika as its party’s national emblem. The meaning of the swastika soon changed to be a symbol of hate, anti-Semitism, violence, and murder.

THE STAR OF DAVID

The Star of David also known as the Magen David (David’s shield) is one of the important symbols of the Jewish Faith. The flag of Israel has the Star of David in blue against a white background.

Sometimes Nazi soldiers had dogs at their sides to help them patrol the streets. The dog of choice was the German Shepherd or German Police Dog. Adolf Hitler had a German Shepherd named “Blondi.” Here are examples of the dogs Annemarie may have encountered.