illinois state water survey (isws) illinois state geological survey (isgs)
DESCRIPTION
Groundwater Quality Research and Resources at the Institute of Natural Resources Sustainability (INRS). Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS) Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS) Illinois Sustainable Technology Center (ISTC) January 27, 2009. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Groundwater Quality Research and Resources at the Institute of Natural
Resources Sustainability (INRS)
Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS)Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)Illinois Natural History Survey (INHS)
Illinois Sustainable Technology Center (ISTC)
January 27, 2009
![Page 2: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Groundwater Quality Research: INRS Equipment Resources
• Drilling rigs and trained personnel (ISGS)• Field equipment
– Pumps– Multi-sondes (T, pH, ORP, SpC, DO, etc.)– Miscellaneous sampling equipment– Water level measurement devices
![Page 3: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Groundwater Quality Research: INRS Analytical Laboratories
• ISWS Public Service Laboratory (PSL)– Anions (ion chromatography); Metals (ICP-AES
and AA); Alkalinity (titration); TKN, NH4-N, NO2-N, P (colorimetry); Organic Carbon (combustion); TDS
– Free analysis for domestic well owners• ISGS Isotopic Geochemistry lab
– Stable isotopes (δD, δ18O, δ13C; sample prep for δ34S)
– Radioisotopes (3H-water, 14C-DIC, CH4)– Gases: N2, O2+Ar, CO2, CH4, alkanes (C2 to C6)
![Page 4: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Groundwater Quality Research: INRS Analytical Laboratories (cont.)
• ISTC analytical laboratories– Metals, including speciation and Hg (ICP-MS, AA)– Organic compounds, such as PAHs, VOCs,
pesticides, etc. (HPLC and GCMS systems)– other
![Page 5: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Groundwater Quality Research: INRS Data Resources
• Databases (ISWS and ISGS)– Groundwater quality (domestic and public supply)– Well locations and logs– Water levels, aquifer properties, etc.
![Page 6: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Groundwater Quality Researchersat INRS
ISWS ISGS• Sam Panno• Keith Hackley• Ivan Krapac• William Roy• Randy Locke• Jim Miner• Bill Dey• Ed Mehnert
• Walt Kelly• Tom Holm• George Roadcap• Steve Wilson• Al Wehrmann
![Page 7: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Research Collaborators with INRS:Groundwater Quality
UI Others• ISU• NIU• SIU-Carbondale• SIU-Edwardsville• UI-Chicago• USGS• IEPA• IDOA• IDPH• County Health Depts.• Municipalities
• Dept. Geology• Dept. Civil & Environmental
Engineering• Dept. Materials Science• Vet/Med• ACES• NRES
![Page 8: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
INRS Groundwater Quality Research: Overview
• Geochemical characterization of aquifers• Contamination
– Nutrients (N) and other agricultural issues– Urbanization/land use changes– Natural drinking water contaminants
• Arsenic• Radium and barium
– Vulnerable Environments• Karst systems• Nature Preserves
![Page 9: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
INRS Groundwater Quality Research: Highlights
![Page 10: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Mahomet Aquifer
< 10 m g/L30-40 m g/L75-100 m g/L
300-600 m g/L
C hloride
0 10 20 30M iles
C ham paign
Ford
P iatt
D eW itt
M cLean
Tazew ell
Logan
M ahom et AquiferBoundary
![Page 11: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Kendall County: Shallow Groundwater Quality
![Page 12: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Kendall County: Shallow Groundwater
![Page 13: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Kane County Shallow Aquifers: Chloride
Gray areas: aquifer material within 50 ft of land surface
![Page 14: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Chicago Region: annual average snowfall: 38 inches >55,000 lane miles
annual average road salt application: > 270,000 tons
![Page 15: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Aerial view of Lake Calumet
Cal Sag Channel
GrandCalumet R
Calumet River
Lake Michigan
Lake Calumet
Wolf Lake
NLoop 12 milesIL/IN
94
![Page 16: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Lake Calumet Shallow Monitoring Wells: Cl-
94
[1991]Wells < 20 ft
![Page 17: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Public Supply Wells: Chicago Region
55% have positive trends; >60% in DuPage, Will, Kane37% > 1 mg/L/yr; 12% > 4 mg/L/yr
![Page 18: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Identification of the sources of Na & Cl
![Page 19: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Case study: Karst Waters
![Page 20: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Mason Co. Tree Nursery
NO3-N (mg/L)0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Dep
th (
ft)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
MLS-3MLS-18
![Page 22: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Mason Co. Tree Nursery
NO3-N and DO (mg/L)0 2 4 6 8 10
Dep
th (
ft)
10
20
30
40
50
Fe (mg/L)0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
DO
NO3-N
Fe
![Page 23: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Nitrate Isotopes
![Page 24: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Some Illinois Samples: Row Crop Sites
![Page 25: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Nitrate Isotopes: ISU Research Farm
![Page 26: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in the Environment
Tetra-cycline
Chlortetra-cycline
Oxytetra-cycline
Anhydro-tetracycline
Anhydro-chlortetra-
cycline
Manure slurry*
15.3 105.2 < 5 < 10 < 10
Separated Effluent*
9.0 23.0 < 5 < 10 < 10
Manure surface^
1.5 87.2 < 1 6.2 11.2
Manure deep^
< 1 3.1 < 1 < 2 < 2
Effluent surface^
3.9 10.6 6.9 < 2 < 2
*ng/mL ^ng/g
Tetracycline in Soil Amendments and Soils: ISU Farm
![Page 27: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Program Objectives:• Monitor Long-Term Groundwater Quality Near Swine
Confinement Facilities• Determine the Occurrence and Concentration of:
– Nutrients– Viruses– Antibiotics– Antibiotic Resistance Genes
• Evaluate the fate and transport of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in soil and groundwater
Monitoring Confined Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOS)
![Page 28: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Tetracycline DetectionsParent Compounds
Conc. (µg/L) N Tetracycline Chlor-tetracycline
Oxy-tetracycline
All Samples 52 4 5 5
Groundwater 45 0 0 2 (0.08-0.1)
Manure 7 4 (0.4 - 8.2) 5 (0.1- 14) 3 (0.3-0.4)
Breakdown Products
Anhydro-tetracycline
Beta-Apoxy-tetracycline
Anhydro-chlortetracycline
All Samples 27 3 6 4
Groundwater 24 1 (0.1) 3 (0.1 – 0.3) 3 (0.2-0.3)
Manure 3 2 (0.2) 3 (0.1 - 0.4) 1 (0.4)
![Page 29: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Chloride Concentrations and tet Gene Frequency
Lagoon
Stream 10.3
48.2
408
405
47.0 34.2
58.9
79212.8
296
29.0
14.8273159
30.5
172
20.3
Lagoon
Stream 25
54
88
88
29 35
38
10050
83
35
429692
80
60
54
Site A
Chloride (mg/L) Gene Frequency (%)
(2000-2003 N = 95)
![Page 30: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Determining Soil Cleanup Objectives (SCOs) for IDOA
• Derive SCOs for fertilizer NH4-N spills– Protect groundwater quality in Illinois– SCO ≈ amount sorbed plus extent of dilution
times a groundwater quality objective– Movement of NH4
+ as well as nitrification– 10 mg/L as N yields a default SCO of 38 mg/kg
for NH4+
– Experiments showed SCOs correlated with cation exchange capacity (CEC)
![Page 31: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Proposed Default Soil Cleanup Objectives for Ammonium: Since Promulgated by IDOA
CEC Class I as mg N/kg
Class II as mg N/kg
< 8 500 1,0008 to 15 1,000 3,600
15 to 24 2,200 9,300
![Page 32: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Arsenic in the Mahomet
![Page 33: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
100m
![Page 34: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Arsenic Solubility Affected by OM Availability
Symbol size:Relative As conc.
![Page 35: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Arsenic Removal
Pilot Plant at Danvers, IL Water Treatment Plant
![Page 36: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Effect of H2O2 and Iron Dosage on Arsenic Removal
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 5 10 15 20 25
Added Iron Concentration (mg/L)
To
tal A
s C
on
cen
trati
on
(u
g/L
) R
em
ain
ing
Dp=55
Dp=27
Dp=0
Dp=27 Aer
Dp=0 Fe(II)
Dp=26
Dp=18
Dp=10
Dp=19 Fe(II)
![Page 37: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Radium (Ra) in Water from the Deep Bedrock Aquifer System
Area Where 226Ra + 228Ra > 5 pCi/L has been Detected in Deep Bedrock System
Map Modified from Kay (1999)The USEPA drinking water standard for combined Ra is 5 pCi/L
![Page 38: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Galena/Platt Ancell Ironton/Gales Mt Simon
pCi/L
0
5
10
15
20
25
Ra226Ra228Total Ra
Radium Concentrations by Aquifer
![Page 39: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Barium in Deep Bedrock Aquifers
![Page 40: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Karst
![Page 42: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Fecal Bacteria: Karst(% detects)
![Page 44: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Land Use in Karst: Well Data
![Page 45: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
15NO3- Data: Wells (Karst)
![Page 46: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Nature Preserves Program
• Cooperative effort of the Surveys with IDNR since 1998
• PIs: Randy Locke and Jim Miner
![Page 47: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
= generalized surface water movement
= infiltration trench
= water quality sampling location
(77) = chloride conc. (mg/L), Nov 2007
Clean pond
(70)
Gifford Lake
Portal
6 (150)
South Outfall
(220)higher chloride
P82-S (160)
Bluff Spring Fen, Chloride (Nov. 2007)
![Page 48: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Chloride - Well P82-S
![Page 49: Illinois State Water Survey (ISWS) Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS)](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681589c550346895dc5fa62/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
The The EndEnd