1

ikSfMus lekt MqCnS N

vuqie feJvuqie feJvuqie feJvuqie feJvuqie feJ

vuqokndine cgknqj Fkkikine cgknqj Fkkikine cgknqj Fkkikine cgknqj Fkkikine cgknqj Fkkik

izdk�kd%izdk�kd%izdk�kd%izdk�kd%izdk�kd%lkmFk ,fl;u Mk;ykXl vkWu bdksykWftdy

MseksØslh ¼SADED½] fnYyh

2

3

fo�k; lwfpfo�k; lwfpfo�k; lwfpfo�k; lwfpfo�k; lwfp

�- ikSfMus lekt MqCnS N

�- vfudky% dk;Z j fopkj

�- ykiksfM;k j xkSpju

�- Hkk�kk j i;kZoj.k

�- lk/;] lk/ku rFkk lk/kuk

�- jktjksxhdks [krjukd feykserks

4

lcHkUnk Bwyks vFkkZr~ ykeks IysVQkeZek vkQw mfHk,dks Nq

HkUus Fkkgk ikmuq gqusNA rj R;fr lEiUu mÙkj fcgkj vkt

n;uh; fLFkfrek fdu NViVkbjgsdks N\ ;ks lksPuq j cq>~uq

t#jh NA R;ks IysVQkeZ gks&lksuiqjdks IysVQkeZA HkfuUN] ;ks

gkezks ns�kdks lcHkUnk ykeks IysVQkeZ gksA ;lykbZ v³~xsztdks

tekukek cukb,dks fFk;ksA ;fr Bwyks IysVQkeZ fdu cukb;ks\

;ks R;gk¡dks lEiUure inkFkZ jsyxkMhek jk[ksj ns�kfHk= j ns�kckfgj

yStkudk ykfx cukb,dks fFk;ksA rj fgtksvkt gkehykbZ ;l

bykdkckjs fpUrk NSuA gkehys R;lykbZ ykpkjh j foo�krkek

NksfMfn,dk NkSaA

ck<h vk;ks Hkus gkehys lcHkUnk ifgys usikyykbZ nks�k

fnUNkSaA usiky ,mVk lkuks ns�k gksA ck<hdk fufEr gkehys

dfgyslEe mlykbZ nks�kh Bgjkbjgus gks\ HkfuUN] usikyys ikuh

NksM~;ksA ;lSys mÙkj fcgkj cX;ks] MqC;ksA R;lys dfr ikuh

NksM~N ;ks tk¡Pu lfdus dqjks gksA eksVkeksVh :iek usiky ck<hdks

ifgyks fgLlk gksA j] ;ks ekfu,dS dqjks ifu gksA R;gk¡ fgeky;dk

pqpqjkek ikuh iNZA R;l ikuhykbZ jksDus {kerk j lk/ku Åflr

NSuA lk;n R;lykbZ jksDus dquS O;kogkfjd vko�;drk ifu

nsf[kb¡nSuA R;gk¡ ijsdks ikuh jksDukys >uS [krjk c<~u lDNA

;lSys usikyekfFk nks�k FkksiusZ dke cUn xuqZiNZA

;fn usikyys ikuh jksD;ks ok FkqU;ksA Hkus f<ykspk¡Mks vfgysdks

ck<hHkUnk ifu Hk;adj ck<h vkmykA ;lSys ;lckjs iwoZ r;kjh

5

xuqZiNZA ;lS ifu fgeky; Hkw&Hkkx deyks NA ;gk¡ tfrlqdS

lko/kkuh j bekunkjhdk lkFk ck¡/k cukb;ks Hkus ifu izÑfrdks

dquS lkuks gypyckV R;ks HkfRdu lDN] QqV~u lDNA R;frcsyk

vktHkUnk dS;kSa xq.kk MjykXnks ck<h gkehdgk¡ vkmu lDNA

ekfufyš] usikyykbZ nks�kh Bgjkb;ks js ! rSifu dels de

fcgkjdk ck<h fu;U=d] bfUtfu;j j usrk vfizy rFkk ebZ

efgukek usiky tkuqiNZA rkfd R;gk¡ x,j ck<hckV eqfä ikmus

izcy izcU/kckjs okrkZ xuZ lfd;ksl~A okrkZ fe=or~ gquqiNZ] izkfof/

kd rojek gquqiNZA j] vko�;d ijsek iz/kkueU=h uHk, ifu

izkUrdk eq[;eU=h uS ebZ efgukek usiky tkÅu~ j vkxkeh

tqykbZek vkmus ck<hckjs ppkZ xjsj QdwZu] gs:u~A

gkeh ck<hdks ckVksek NkSaA ;ks dqjks HkqYuqgqUuA mÙkj fcgkjHkUnk

ifgys usikyek ifu ck<hdk dkj.k /ksjS ekful efjldsdk Nu~A

ifNYyks o�kZ usikyek Hk;adj HkwL[kyu Hk,dks fFk;ksA R;frcsyk

uS vkmus c[kkZys Bwyks ladV ikykZ HkUus dqjks gkehys cq>~uqiusZ

fFk;ksA fduHkus fgeky;dks ;l deyks Hkkxek HkwL[kyudks eyok

¼Silt&xÌj j ysnks½ R;gha uS fFk;ksA j] ;l o�kZdks c[kkZek ry

fcgkjfrj cXus dqjks fuf�pr fFk;ksA

mÙkj fcgkjdks ifjfLFkfr ifu csXyS NA ;lykbZ ;ljh uS

cq>~uq t#jh NA fgeky;ckV ;gk¡ vufxUrh unhg: cXNu~A j]

rh cxkbdks ,mVk ljy mnkgj.k fnu lfdUNA tLrS]

ikB�kkykdk Nkukek ddZV ikrkg: gqUNu~A f;uckV ikuh cxs

6

tLrS ;h unhg: fgeky;dk fgm¡dk rg&rgckV ry vksfyZUNu~A

usikydks fgeky;dks ;gh Hksxek lcHkUnk vXyk Vkdqjkg:

Nu~A j] de nwjh r; xjsj ;h unhg: mÙkj Hkkjrdks Qk¡Vfrj

vkbiqXNu~A ;lSys ;h unhg:dks {kerk j osx fudS gqUNA ;h

unhg:ek fgeky; j f�kokfydckV FkqizSs ysnks vkm¡NA ;lSys

R;ldks rqyuk if�peh j mÙkj iwohZ fgeky;flr xuZ lfdb¡nSuA

,d r R;ks {ks= lcHkUnk vXyks {ks= gksA R;ks deyks ifu

NA Qsfj R;ks Hksx fcLrkjS [kLnS x,dks Hkkxek fVdsdks Hksx gksA

;gk¡ HkkSxksfyd ifjfLFkfr ifu ;LrS NA ;gk¡ckV uS fgeky;dks

tUe Hk,dks fFk;k sA gkezk s lektys ifu Hk w&foKku]

^ftvks&ekQkZyksth* fudS jkezjh cq>sdks NA ,?kkjkSa �krkCnhek

;gh {ks=ek cusdks ojkg vorkjdks efUnj ifu NA ;ks efUnj

fcjyS ikbUNA djksM o�kZvf?k ;l Hkw&Hkkxek dquS ?kVuk ?kV~;ksA

;gh ?kVukdk dkj.k fgeky;dk :iek ns[kk i¥oksA R;lifN

;ghaackV unhg:dks tky fQaft;ksA unhg: fNVksfNVks nqxqnSZ

vkm¡Nu~ j lery Qk¡Vek vksfyZUNu~A eSnkuh Hkkxek lks>S

mf=UNu~A ;ljh f;udks xfr v> c<~nS tkUNA

HkfuUN] fgeky; cUuk lkFk R;ldk rhuoVk rgg: fuekZ.k

Hk,A tLrS e/; izns�k [k.Mek lriqMk NA R;LrS ;gk¡ rhuoVk

rgg: Nu~A tLrS vkUrfjd] e/; j ckg~;A ckg~; [k.Mek

f�kokfyd lcHkUnk detksj ekfuUNA ;lS ifu Hkwxksydks ifjHkk�kk

xfj,dS NA ;lvuqlkj fgeky; vjkoyh] foa/; j lriqMkdks

7

nk¡tksek dk¡pks NA ckgz efgukdks fHkÙks ik=ks ,d&,d xjh

iYVkm¡nk gkezk lcS fdfledk fHkÙks ik=ksg: fHkÙkkckV mrkfjUNA

rj izÑfrdk fHkÙks ik=ksg: yk[kkSa o�kZdks ,d ik=ks gqUNA R;ks

ik=ksckV gsnkZ lk;n vjkoyhdks mesj uCcs o�kZ gqusN j fgeky;\

R;ks r vfgys pkj&ik¡p o�kZdks pqycqys cPpk tLrS NA ;fr[ksj

R;ks mfÝUN] gkeQkYN j [ksYNA ;lek VqVQqV HkbjgUN j

pksViVd ifu ykfxjgUNA vfgys R;lek izkS<rk ok o;Ldek

ikbus la;e] �kkUr j /kS;Zdks xq.k vk,dks NSuA ;lSys fgeky;dk

;h unhg:ys ikuh ek= cxkm¡nSuu~A fruhys r ekVks] <q³~xk j

BwYBwyk pÍkug: ifu lkFkS Y;km¡Nu~A mÙkj fcgkjdks lektys

vk¶uks Lefrek ;h dqjkykbZ lk¡fpjk[ksdks fFk;ksA

,d r fgeky; pqycqys j p~pys cPpk gks tqu vkyks N]

lkuS NA j] ;lS ifu R;ks HkwdEidh; {ks= ifu gksA fgeky;dks

;lS {ks=ckV HkwdEidks ,mVk Bwyks j izeq[k ikVks xqftzUNA vdksZ

ikVks ;l ikVksckV vfydfr ekfFkdks Hkkx e/; fgeky;ek iNZA

yk[kkSa o�kZvf?k R;ks lkjk Hkkx vfLFkj xÌjdks f<LdksckV cusdks

fFk;kssA vfu HkwdEiys f;uykbZ tfgys pkg~;ks rfgys vfLFkj

cukb fnUNu~A Hkw&foKkuvuqlkj mÙkj fcgkj j usikydk Hkw&Hkkxek

leqnzdk tLrS ygj ¼Nky½ mBsdk fFk,A j] rh ,dvdkZflr

Bôj [kk,j ekfFk mB~nS x,A vfu dsgh le;dk fufEr rh

fLFkj Hk,A ;k s ^fLFkjrk* rk.Mo u`R; tLrS gqUNA

vk/kqfud foKkudks Hkk�kkek yk[kkSa o�kZvf?k fe;kslhu* dkyek ;ks

?kVuk ?kVsdks fFk;ksA mÙkjh fcgkjdks lektys ;l ?kVukykbZ

8

ojkg vorkjdks :iek lE>sdks NA HkfuUN] ojkgys Mqfcjgsdks

iFohykbZ vk¶uks Fkqrquksys ekfFk mBk,dks fFk;ksA R;ks vkt ifu

dfgysdk¡gh FkfdZus xNZA lu~ ����ek ,mVk Bwyks HkwdEi vk,dks

fFk;ksA ekfulys ;lykbZ vfgys ifu fclsZdk NSuu~A

;gk¡dks lektys ;h lcS ifjfLFkfrykbZ vk¶uks thou�kSyh

j thou n�kZuek fcLrkjS vkRelkr xjsdks fFk;ksA izÑfrdks ;ks

fojkV :i gksA j] ;lek R;ks lekt ,d Fkksik ikuhtLrks

fefl,dks fFk;ksA R;lek dquS ?ke.M fFk,uA R;ks ;l çÑfrl¡x

[ksYN j yM~NA ;ldks dk[kek dljh cLu lfdUN HkUus dqjks

vH;kl xjsj mlys jkezjh cq>sdks fFk;ksA R;l lektys djksM

o�kZdks ;ks yhykek vkQwykbZ ikdks cukbldsdks fFk;ksA j] R;lys

fgeky;dks R;ks fBVkSyhykbZ vk¶uks efLr�dek jk[ksdks fFk;ksA

;ljh R;ks lektys ifjiDork izkIr xjsdks fFk;ksA

rj ifNYyks l;&Ms< l; o�kZdks dqjks gksA gkezks lektys

uxuZqiuZs lkjk dke xjsdks NA ;lckV mldks fouez LoHkko

cnfy,dks NA j] R;ldks euek Fkksjcgqr ?ke.Mlesr vk,dks

NA lektdks euek uHk, ifu usrk j ;kstukdkj] bfUtfu;j j

vf/kdkjhdk euek Hkus ;ks ?ke.M iôS ifu vk,dks NA ;qxkSansf[k

lektys ;Lrk rst rFkk osxys cXus unhdk lkFk ck¡Pus dyk

fldsdks fFk;ksA mlys ck<hdk lkFk ck¡Pus dyk ifu tkusdks

fFk;ksA R;l lektys j mldk Ckkyhys ck<+hek MqCuqdks lkVks

ikSfMus dyk fldsdks fFk;ksA rj R;ks dyk ;fr[ksj fcLrkjS

lekIr gq¡nS NA

9

fgeky;ckV mÙkj fcgkjek vuUr unhg: fufLdUNu~A

;ldks dquS fxUrh NSuA rFkkfi dsgh O;fäys frudks fxUrh

xjsdS Nu~A ;gk¡ ;h unhg:ys nq%[k flok; v: dsgh fn,dk

NSuu~ HkUus vktdk ekfulg:dks xquklks N] lkspkb NA rj

okLroek dqjks vdSZ NA ;h unhg:dks ukm¡ uS gsjkSaA dquS ifu

unhdks ukm¡dks fo�ks�k.kek nq%[kdks dquS i;kZ;okph Hk,dks ns[u

ikbUuA ekfulys unhykbZ l/kSaHkfj nsohdk :iek iwtk xnSZ

vk,dk Nu~A rj f;udks fo�ks�k.kykbZ vdSZ rfjdkys gs¥ofSa Hkus

muek FkjhFkjhdk �kCn ikbUNu~A fruys R;ks lekt j unhdks

lEcU/kykbZ crkmus dke xNZu~A dsgh uke laLdrckV jkf[k,dk

Nu~A ;h uke dsgh xq.k j ,d&nqbVk voxq.kek ifu jkf[k,dk

gqu lDNu~A

;h unhdk fo�ks�k.k vkHkw�k.kys Hkfj,dks N vFkkZr~ vkHkw�k.kdS

la[;k c<h NA j] ;lek galqyh] v¡xqBh j pUnzgkjtLrk xgukdk

ukm¡ Nu~A ;h xguk xksykdkjek gqUNu~A ;gk¡ ;h unhg:

vksfyZuscsyk lks>ks cXuqdks lkVks ck³~xks&fV³~xks xksy vkdkjek

{ks=ykbZ ck¡/k~us dke xjsdk gqUNu~A f;uys xkm¡g:ykbZ xguk

tLrS flaxkjsdk gqUNu~A mÙkj fcgkjdk dS;kSa xkm¡g: ;h xguk}kjk

lft,dk gqUFksA f;udks ikuhys [kqÍk u/kks,j xkm¡ek izos�k xuZ

lfdUuF;ksA gkezks xkm¡dks ifo= /kwyks xkm¡ckfgj tku lDnSu j

dlSys vk¶uks ¼lk;n vifo=½ /kwyks xkm¡ek Y;kmu lDnSu HkUus

dqjks cMks xoZdk lkFk rh xkm¡ek cLusys crkmus xNZu~A drSdrS

fudS O;kogkfjd ukm¡ jk[ksdks ifu HksfVUNA ,mVk unhdks ukm¡

10

xksewf=dk jkf[k,dks NA tLrS dquS xkbZys fgaM~nk&fgaM~nS filkc

xnZNA j] R;ks filkc tfeuek ck³~xks&fV³~xks Hk,j Nki cLNA

R;ljh ck³~xks&fV³~xks Hk,j R;ks unh cXNA ;lek ,d&,d

unhdks LoHkko gsjsj ekfulys ;lykbZ vk¶uks Lefrek jk[ksdk

Nu~A

;h unhdks LoHkko vk¶uS fdfledks gqUNA j] f;udks

sikuhek cxsj ckyqok] ekVks ysnks vkmus xNZA ;gh dkj.k unhdks

ckVks cnfyjgUNA dkslhdk ckjsek ds HkfuUN Hkus ifNYyks l;

o�kZek ;lys ��� fdyksfeVjdks {ks=ek vk¶uks /kkjk cnysdks NA

mÙkj fcgkjdk nqbVk ftYykdk bUpHkfj tfeu ifu dkslhys

NkMsdks NSu tgk¡ckV R;ks ucxsdks gksl~A ;Lrk unhykbZ dquS

ck¡/k ok rVcU/kys ck¡/k~u lfdUN HkUus dYiuk xuqZ Lo;aek fofp=

dqjks gks A lektys ;h unhykbZ dfgY;S ifu vfHk�kkidk :iek

gsjsuA mlys f;udks cjnkuykbZ ÑrKrkdk lkFkS gsjsdks fFk;ksA

;h unhg:ys fgeky;dks ewY;oku ekVks ;l {ks=dk nynyek

Y;k,j fudS Bwyks ek=kek [ksrh;ksX; tfeu NqV~;k,dks NA ;lSys

R;ks lektys ;h unhg:ykbZ cMks vknjdk lkFk gsnSZ vk,dks NA

HkfuUN] f;uS unh}kjk Y;kb,dks ik¡dks ekVksdk dkj.k uS njHkaxkdks

lEiw.kZ tfeu [ksrh;ksX; gqu lD;ksA lektys vis{kkÑr de

ysnks Hk,dks bykdkckV vkmus unhg:ykbZ ifu Nk¡Vsdks NA

;LrS ,mVk unhdks ukm¡ f[kjksnh gksA HkfuUN] ;ldks

ukekdj.k {khj vFkkZr~ nw/kckV Hk,dks NA fduHkus ;lek lQk

11

ikuh cXNA ,mVk vdksZ unh NA R;ldks ukm¡ thoN jkf[k,dks

NA ;ks lk;n thokRek ok tho bPNkckV cusdks gksykA lksucjlk

ifu NA ;h unhdk ukm¡ek xq.kdks o.kZ fnus gks Hkus dquS ifu

ck<hckV ykpkjh Hk,dks >>Ydks ikb¡nSuA dfri; Bkm¡ek ;h

unhdks LoHkkoek ykfyR; ifu ikbUNA

,dtuk eSfFkyhdk dfo Nu~A mudks ukm¡ fo|kifr gksA

¼usikydks [kkl xjh rjkbZ Hksxek tgk¡ eSfFkyh Hkk�kk cksfyUN

R;gk¡ mudks ukm¡ [kwcS pysdks NA j] ;lSys usikydks iwoZ&if�pe

jktekxZek iusZ fljkgk ftYykdks Nijkyh pkSdek mudks Lej.kek

,mVk �kkfyd cuk,j LFkkiuk xfj,dks N½ muhckjs ,mVk cMks

lqUnj dFkk çpfyr NA ,diYV muh fcjkeh ijsA muh izk.k

fnus fopkj xjsj unhfrj fgaMsA rj /ksjS vLoLFk Hk,dk dkj.kys

muh unhdks fdukjklEe iqXu ldsuu~A muys dsgh ijSckV

unhykbZ izkFkZuk xjs] ^gs ekrk] esjks lkfgR;ek dquS �kfä N] eSys

dquS iq.;dks dke xjsdks Nq Hkus eykbZ vkQwl¡xS yStkÅA*

HkfuUN] mudks izkFkZuk Lohdkj xjh unhys dfoykbZ cxk,j

yXksdks fFk;ksA

mÙkj fcgkjek unhg:ys fogkj xNZu~A muhg: [ksYNu~]

mfÝUNu~ j nqxqNZu~A ;ks lkjk Bkm¡ muhg:dS gksA ;lSys tgk¡

x, ifu R;lykbZ Bkm¡ Qsjsdks HkfunSuF;ksA R;gk¡ lektdks

,mVk ljy niZ.k lkfgR; fFk;ksA vdksZpk¡fg rjy&niZ.k unhg:

fFk,A f;uS unhek R;ks lektys vk¶uks vuqgkj gsnZF;ksA j]

unhdk p~py LoHkkoykbZ cMks �kkUr Hkkoys vk¶uks ru] eu j

fopkjek mrknZF;ksA ;lSys R;gk¡ dfgys dfo fo|kifrtLrk

lqUnj dFkk cUFks r dfgys QwyijkltLrk ?kVukg: nksgksfjUFksA

lektdk fufEr ckyqokek unhdk Nkyys ysf[k,dk ;h ?kVukg:

fcflZus dqjks fFk,uA izR;sd Nkyys f;uykbZ iôk f�kykys[kek

cnYus dke xnZF;ksA ;h f�kykys[k bfrgklek HksfV,yk&uHksfV,yk

rj ekfuldk eu j yksd Lefrek ikbUFks uSA Qwyijkldks dFkk

;gk¡ nksgks¥ofmuq tkrh gksykA

,diYVdks dqjks gksA Qwyijklek ,mVk Hkqrgh unh fFk;ksA

R;ks ,mVk Bkm¡ckV ckVks fcjk,j vdksZfrj ykX;ksA R;lifN

R;l unhykbZ cksykmudk fufEr vuq�Bku xfj;ksA unhys fcUrh

Lohdkj x¥oksA j] vdksZ o�kZ QdsZj vk;ksA ;Lrk dFkkdqFkq³~xzhdks

lEeku Hkbjgksl~ HkUus lektdks pkguk gqUNA ekfulykbZ Fkkgk

gksl~ fd ;gk¡dk unhys dfodks Hkukbek ifu ckVks cnfyfnUNu~A

j] loZlk/kkj.k ekfuldks vkxzg Lohdkj xjsj vkQwys cnysdks

ckVks Qsfj lq/kkj xNZu~A ;lSys ;h unhdk LoHkkoykbZ /;kuek

jk[ksj thou pykmuqiNZA ;h lcSckV fclsZdk dqjk Qsfj Lej.k

xjkSa HkUus dqjks fldkSaA ;rSfrj gkezks /;ku tkuq t#jh NA

dsgh unhdk vukSBk ukm¡g: Nu~A gtkjkSa o�kZdks vuqHkockV

;h ukeg: tqjkb,dk fFk,A f;uek ,mVk fofp=dks ukm¡ vejcsyh

gksA drS ;lykbZ vkdk�kcsy ifu HkUus xfjUNA ;l unhdks

mn~Hko j laxe dghadrS nsf[kb¡nSuA dgk¡ckV fuDysj ;ks dqu

13

unhek feflUN ;Lrks dquS fuf�pr tkudkjh ifu ikb,dks NSuA

c[kkZ ;keek ;ks vpkud izdV gqUNA j] tljh :[kek vejcsyh

Nkm¡N R;ljh uS ,mVk Bwyks bykdkek ;ldk dS;kSa /kkjkg:

ns[kk iNZu~A Qsfj rh lcS xk;c gqUNu~A vdksZ o�kZ ;ks Qsfj R;gh

/kkjkek cXyk HkUus dqjks ifu fuf�pr gqUuA ,mVk unh NA

R;ldks ukm¡ nL;q unh gksA ;ks ,mVk nL;q vFkkZr~ Mk¡dk tLrS

NA ;lys v: unhys dek,dks tyjkf�k j R;ldks oSHkoykbZ

gj.k xusZ dke xnZNA ;lks gq¡nk iqjkuks lkfgR;ek ;ldks ,mVk

fo�ks�k.k oSHkogj.k Hk,dks ifu ikbUNA

Ckksyhpkyhdks �kCnek ifu unhdk uke jkf[k,dk Nu~A

,mVk unhdks uke ejsu gks Hkus vdksZdks ukm¡ ejxkax gksA Hkqrgk

ok Hkqrghdks dFkk r ekfFk mYys[k xfj,dS NA /ksjStlks unhg:

tgk¡ ik;ks R;gk¡ ifu cXNu~A ;l fLFkfrek ekfulys dfgY;S

Vlel ugqus unh ifu [kkstsdk fFk,A R;ldks ukm¡ /keZewyk

jkf[k;ksA R;frcsyk lektek ;Lrk le>nkj Hkwxksyfon~g: fFk,A

fgtksvkt ,mVk dqjk HkUuSiNZA R;ks gks Hkq¡ojhA rh lcS fNUufHkUu

Hkbldsdk Nu~A ;gk¡ unh thoUr Nu~ j dfgysdk¡gh rh yksi

ifu gqUNu~A rh Hkwr ifu cUNu~ j eNZu~ ifuA ;Lrks gquqdks [kkl

dkj.k ifu NA ekfFkckV vkmus ysnksys Hkjkb j /klkb ;h nqbVk

xfrfof/k xNZu~A ysnksys ;h xfrfof/k cMks osx j rstys pykm¡NA

;lSys R;gk¡dks lrgdks :i gjsdiYV cnfyjgUNA

/ksjS lkuk &lkuk unhg:dks o.kZu xfj,dks dqjks ifu drS

lqfuUNA dfgysdk¡gh f;uek Bwyks Hkq¡ojh mB~NA R;lys gkÙkhykbZ

14

lesr Mqckbfnu lDNA f;uek <q³~xk j pÍkudk BwYBwyk VqØk

vkm¡Nu~A j] rh VqØkg: vkilEek Bksfô,j ;ldks vkoktys

fn�kkg: ifu cfgjk gqu lDNu~A dsgh unhek c[kkZ ;keek /ksjS

xksgh vkm¡Nu~A R;frcsyk mudk f�kj j Fkqrquks xq¡bBk>Sa

ikSfMjgsdktLrk nsf[kUNu~A ;h unhg: ,dvdkZflr c<h

feflUNu~A f;uys ,dvdkZdks ikuh fyUNu~ j fnUNu ifuA

;ljh ysu&nsudks ,d fdfledks [ksy HkbjgUNA rj vfgys

gkehys ;lykbZ ck<hek cnfyfn,dk NkSaA gksbu Hkus] ;gk¡dk

ekfulys ;l [ksyykbZ vdSZ rfjdkys gsusZ xnZFksA muhg:ys

ck<hdks izrh{kk xnZFksA

lektys f;uS unhdk ck<hdks ikuh Nsdsj BwYBwyk iks[kjhek

HkFksZA j] ;lckV ck<hdks myZnks osx de gqUF;ksA ,mVk iqjkuks

in HksfV,dks N ^pkjdksls >kMh*A ¼usikyek ifu ;ks pkjdksls

>kM+h fFk;ks½A ;lckjs vktHkksfydk ekfulykbZ R;fr Fkkgk NSuA

iqjkuk ekfulckV ;Lrks tkudkjh ,d= xjsj ;gk¡dks bykdkdks

LoHkko cq>~uqiNZA pkjdksls >kMhdks dsgh Hkkx lk;n pEikj.kek

cpsdks NA HkfuUN] iwjS fgeky;dks rjkbZek pkj dksldks pkSMkb

Hk,dks ,mVk ?kuk taxy cpk,j jkf[k,dks fFk;ksA ;ldks yEckb

iwjS fcgkjek ,?kkj&ckgz l; fdyksfeVjlEe fFk;ksA ;ks iwohZ

mÙkj izns�kdks rjkbZ {ks=lEe fFk;ksA pkj dksl pkSMkb j R;ldks

yEckb fgeky;dks QsnhlEe fFk;ksA fgtksvkt [kfpZyk j

vO;kogkfjd rVcU/k cukb¡nS Nu~A ;ldks lkVks ;ks fo�kky

ou&ck¡/kys ck<hek vkmus unhykbZ NkUus dke xnZF;ksA R;fr[ksj

15

ifu ck<h vkbjgUF;ksA rj R;ldks ekjd {kerk vfgystLrks

fFk,uA

iPphl l; o�kZvf?kdks ,mVk laokn izkIr Hk,dks NA

R;lek ck<hckjs dsgh o.kZu xfj,dks NA ;ks laokn Hkxoku cq)

j ,mVk xksBkykschp Hk,dks laokn gksA ,dfnu Hkxoku cq) R;ks

xksBkyksdks ?kj iqxsA vkdk�kek dkyks ckny Nk,dks fFk;ksA

xksBkyksys cq)flr HkUnS fFk;ksA eSys vk¶uks Nkizks r;kj xfjldsdks

Nq] xkbZcLrq fdyksek cfy;ks xjh ck¡/kh gkysa] ckyhukyh

dkfVlfd,dks NA vc ck<hdks dquS Mj NSuA vc tfr ikuh ijs

ifu ijksl~A n�kZu xjsj unh nsoh xbgkfYNu~A* R;lifN Hkxoku

cq)ys xksBkyksykbZ HkUu Fkkys ^eSys r�.kkdks Maqxk [kksfyfn,dks

NqA vc eykbZ ck<hdks dquS Mj NSuA R;ks ,mVk lk/kkj.k

xksBkyks fFk;ksA ;qxiq#�kys unh fdukjkfLFkr mlSdks Nkizksek jkr

fcrk,dk fFk,A R;ks jkfr dquS ifu csyk ck<h vkmu lDF;ksA

rj nqoS fuf�pUr fFk,A fgtksvkt ds ;Lrks laokn ck<h vkmuqHkUnk

Bhd ifgys gqu ikmyk\

;h lkjk dqjkckV R;fr[ksjdk ekful ikuh j ck<hflr

[ksYu tkUnFks HkUus dqjks NyZ³~x gqUNA ;gk¡dks lekt ck<hek

ikSfMu tkUnF;ksA ;l lEiw.kZ bykdkek ân j pkSjk ok pkSj nqbZ

�kCn Bwyk iks[kjhdk fufEr iz;ksx xfjUF;ksA ;gk¡ iqjkuk j Bwyk

iks[kjhdks o.kZu iz�kLr ikbUNA njHkaxkek ,mVk BwyS iks[kjh

fFk;ksA o.kZu xusZg:ys R;lykbZ vfr�k;ksfälEe iq¥ok,A R;ldk

fuekZrkys vxLR; eqfuykbZ lesr pqukSrh fn,dk fFk,A ^frehys

16

leqnzdks ikuh fi,j lqdkb fn,dk fFk;kSA vc gkezks ;ks iks[kjhdks

ikuh fi,j lqdkb nsÅ] rc cq>kSaykA* ;lS ifu R;ks iks[kjh

leqnzt=ks gqus dqjS Hk,uA ;ks dqjks R;gk¡dk ekfulykbZ ifu Fkkgk

fFk;ksA rj muhg:ys ;fr Bwyks iks[kjh cukmu ifu lDNkSa HkUus

,mVk [ksy uS [ksysdk fFk,A

mUukbZlkSa �krkCnhlEedks dqjks gksA R;gk¡dk BwYBwyk iks[kjhdk

Fkqizk dqjk pfyjgsdS fFk,A R;gk¡dk pmjek ifu ck<hdks vfrfjä

ikuh Fkqu~us dke xfj,dks fFk;ksA ifjgkjiqj] Hkokjk j vkykiqj

vkfn {ks=ek nqbZ&rhu ekbydk yEck&pkSMk iks[kjhg: fFk,A

R;gk¡ i;kZIr tyjkf�kys Hkfj,dk BwYBwyk iks[kjhg: fFk,A rh

iks[kjhys csdkjek ;frdk Bkm¡ vksxVsdks N j fruykbZ lqdk,j

R;gk¡dks tfeu [ksrhdk fufEr miyC/k xjkmuqiNZ HkUus lkspkb

vf/kdkjhg:dks fFk;ksA muhg: ;l dk;Zek lQy ifu Hk,A

;ljh ,dkfrj gkezk nqbZ&pkjoVk [ksrg: vo�; c<sA rj

vdksZfrj gkehys lk;n ���&���oVk [ksr ck<hykbZ HksVh p<k;kSaA

R;lvf?k rh BwYBwyk iks[kjhys R;gk¡ ck<hdks ikuh jksDus dke

xnZFks A

fgtksvkt v³~xzsthek ^jsu okVj] gkjHksfLVax* �kCn

pyupYrhek vk,dks NA ;l fdfledks iwjk <k¡pk mÙkj fcgkjdk

ekfulys cuk,dk fFk,A R;ks ¶yM okVj gkjHksfLVax flLVe

fFk;ksA R;lSl¡x f;uhg:ys ;ks [ksy [ksysdk fFk,A R;frcsyk ifu

ck<h vkm¡F;ksA rj muhg:ys ck<hdks ekjykbZ deHkUnk de

17

xuZ tkUnFksA iks[kjhlEcU/kh ;gk¡ ,mVk fo�ks�k.k N&ufn;k rkyA

;ldks vFkZ gks & R;ks rky c[kkZdks ikuhckV uHkfj,j unhdks

ikuhckV HkfjUF;ksA ns�kHkfj uS o�kkZdks ikuhys Hkfjus iks[kjhg:

ikbUNu~A rj ;gk¡ fgeky;ckV cXus unhys /ksjS ikuh fy,j

vkm¡NA ;lSys unhckV HkusZ iks[kjh cukmuq T;knk O;kogkfjd

gqUF;ksA unhdks ikuhykbZ fcLrkjS dgha u dgha NsDnS&NsDnS

mldks {kfr iq¥ofpg] {kerkykbZ midkjek cnYnS xaxkek feykmus

dke xfjUF;ksA

fgtksvktdk u;k¡ ekfulys lekt vui< j iNkSVs N

HkUus lkspsdk Nu~A f;uhg:dks ;LrS ekU;rk jfgvk,dks NA u;k¡

Hkukm¡nk ekful ;Lrk nEHkh Nu~A mÙkj fcgkjckV fufDyus ck<h

if�pe caxky gq¡nS caxykns�k iqXNA ,mVk eksVkeksVh vuqeku

;Lrks NA caxykns�kek tfr dqy tyjkf�k tEek gqUN R;ldks

n�k izfr�kr ek= ;l ns�kys cknyckV izkIr xnZNA R;lys uCcs

izfr�kr ikuh usiky] fcgkj vkfn Bkm¡ckV cXus unhg:ckV

ikm¡NA R;gk¡ rhuoVk Bwyk unhg: xaxk] es?kuk j czEgiq= Nu~A

;h rhuoVS unhg:ys uCcs izfr�kr ikuh R;l ns�kek yStkUNu~A

j] R;gk¡ ck¡dh n�k izfr�kr ikuh c[ksZ ikuhckV izkIr gqUNA

;qxkSansf[k R;l ns�kdks lektys unh j laxe Nsmek cLu tkusdks

fFk;ksA R;gk¡ unhg: dS;kSa Vk<klEe QSfy,dk gqUNu~A gkehdgk¡

,d Nsmnsf[k vdksZ NsmlEe gsuZ lfdustLrk unh R;gk¡ gq¡nSuu~A

R;gk¡dk unhg: r f{kfrtlEe iqXNu~A R;ks lekt rh unhdks

fdukjkek ck<hl¡x [ksYu ek= tkUnSuF;ks c# mlykbZ vk¶uks

18

fufEr midkjh cukmu ifu tkUnF;ksA ;lSckV mlys jkezks

Qly mCtkm¡F;ksA ;lSys caxykns�kykbZ lksukj caxyk ¼lqukSyks½

Hkfu,dks fFk;ksA

rj pkjdksls >kMh fcLrkjS lekIr gq¡nS x;ksA ân j pmj

yksi Hk,A ifgys FkksjS tXxkek jkezks [ksrh xfjUF;ksA rj vfgys

yksHkys xnkZ Bwyks Qk¡Vek [ksrh xjsj gsusZ dksf�k�k xfj;ksA j]

ifj.kkeLo:i vc gkeh ck<hek MqCnS NkSaA ifgys cLrh dgk¡

cukmus] dgk¡ ucukmus ;ldks ykfx dMk vuq�kklu gqUF;ksA

pkSjhek [ksrh ek=S xfjUF;ks] cLrh clkbUuF;ksA ;l fdfledk

fu;e ;fr[ksj VqfVldsdk Nu~A vkoknhdks nckcys gksl~ ok vU;

vfu;fU=r fodkldk dkj.kys gksl~] vfgys unhdks ck<hdks

ckVksek Hk, Hkjdk ljlkeku jk[u ykxsdk NkSa] vk&vk¶uk ?kj

cukmu Fkkysdk NkSaA ;lSys unhg:dks nks�k NSuA ;fn gkezks

ifgyks [kqM~fdykslEe ikuh HkfjUN Hkus ;ldks ,mVk Bwyks dkj.k

R;ldks ckVksek fodkl xuqZ ifu gksA

ifNYyks ,d&nqbZ l; o�kZek vdksZ ,mVk Bwyks dke Hk,dks

NA R;ks gks&~ rVcU/k j ck¡/kdks dkeA ;gk¡ lkuk&Bwyk lcS

fdfledk ck¡/kg: cukb,dk Nu~A rj ;h unhg:dk LoHkko

ucq>sj uS rh cukb,dk Nu~A unhdks /kkjk ;rkckV mrk utkvksl~

Hkusj gkehys ,mVk u;k¡ upk¡fgnks fodkl ;kstuk �kq# xjsdk

NkSaA R;lykbZ rVcU/k HkfuUNA ;h caxykns�kek ifu cukb,dk

Nu~A j] f;udks yEckb l;dMkSa ehylEe NA R;lifN ds Hkks\

19

f;uckV ck<h jksfdbuqdks lÍk c<sdks N] uksdlku uS c<h Hk,dks

NA f;uckV ,mVS midkj Hk,dks ikbUNA R;ks gks&,mVk Bwyks

{ks=dks vkoknh MqckuckV izHkkfor Hk;ks Hkus ekful ;h rVcU/kek

�kj.k fyu vkbiqXNu~A ck<hckV cpkmus ;kstuk ;fr[ksj rh

flQZ �kj.kLFkyhek ifjorZu Hk,dk Nu~A ;h lcdk ckjs lksPuqiNZA

rVcU/k O;kogkfjd NSu HkUus dqjks /ksjS vf?knsf[k HkfujgsdS dqjks

gksA ;ks dqjks lcSykbZ FkkgS NA ifNYyks l;&Ms< l; lkyek

gkehys rVcU/k flok; v: dquS dqjksek iSlk yxk,ukSa] /;ku

fn,ukSaA ;gh uS nqHkkZX;dks dqjks gksA

ck<h vdksZ lky ifu vkmusNA ;ks ikgquk gksbuA ;ks

vkmus frfFk fuf�pr NA j] R;fr[ksj gkezks lekt ;ll¡x

[ksYu flikyq fFk;ksA rj ;fr[ksj gkeh c<h fodflr gq¡nS NkSaA

gkehys ;ldks frfFkfefr fcflZanS NkSaA j] ;ldks LoHkko ds gks

;lckjs ifu HkqYnS NkSaA ;lS o�kZdks dqjks gksA HkfuUN] ck<h

ihfMrdk ykfx Hkusj gsyhdIVjckV [kkukdks I;kdsV [klkm¡nk

pkSchl djksM [kpZ Hk;ks jsA lk;n ;lckV nqbZ djksM #iS;k¡dks

jksVh j rjdkjh ck¡fM,dks fFk;ksA ;ksHkUnk jkezks ds gqUF;ks Hkus

pkSchl djksMdks gsyhdIVjdks lkVks gkehys dels de chl

gtkj Mqaxkg: r;kj jk[uqiusZ fFk;ksA ek>h] cksVs j eYykgykbZ

lEekudk lkFk ;l dkeek yxkmuqiusZ fFk;ksA ;ks lekt unhdks

dk[kek gqdsZdks&c<sdks lekt gksA ;lykbZ ck<h MjykXnks ykXnSuA

;lys ck<hykbZ vk¶uks ?kj j ifjokjdks lnL; tLrS BkUNA

;fn gkehys chl gtkj Maqxk fn,dks Hk, muhg:ys f;uykbZ

20

vk¶uS ?kjdks lnL; tLrS BkUFks gksyku~A BhdS N] ;l o�kZ Hk,u

js! rj vdksZ o�kZ r gksyk fuA Mqaxkg: r;kj gquqiNZA mudk

ukfod r;kj gquqiNZA muhg:dks jft�Vj r;kj gquqiNZA rh

lc R;gk¡dk ftYykf/kdkjh ok dquS izeq[k laLFkk ok laxBuykbZ

R;ldks ftEek fnuqiNZA jkgrdk lkexzh dgk¡ jk[us j dgk¡&dgk¡

iq¥ofmuqiusZ gks ;ldks r;kjh xuqZiNZA R;lifN ek= pkSchl

djksM #iS;k¡ [kpZ xfjus gsyhdIVjdks lkVks lk;n ,d ok nqbZ

djksMek xuZ lfd;ksl~A j] ;ldks ,d&,d iSlkdks fglkc

lcSys Fkkgk ikmuqiNZA

ck<h vfgys ek=S vk,dks gksbuA ;lckjs /ksjS ifgysdk

lkfgR;frj utkvkSaA ;l lEcU/kek ns�kdk ifgyk jk�Vªifr

jktsUnz ckcqdks vkRedFkk i<s iqXNA R;lek Nijkdks Hk;adj

ck<hdks mYys[k xfj,dks NA HkfuUN] R;frcsyk Nijkek ,d

?k.Vk eS NÙkhl bUp ikuh ijsj iwjS ftYyk Mqcku Hk,dks fFk;ksA

R;frcsyk ifu jkgrdks dke xfj;ksA rSifu iz�kkluys dsgh

[kkl lg;ksx xjsu HkUus vkjksi ykxsdks fFk;ksA fgtksvkt ifu

;LrS vkjksi yxkb¡nS NA ;lS ifu R;kscsyk ljdkjHkUnk c<h

vf?k ljsj dk;ZdrkZg:ys dke xjsdk fFk,A ;lek fp= Qsfj,uu~A

Bwyk usrkdk vkRedFkkek ;l fdfledk iafä ysf[kusNu~ j

v[kckjek ifu ;LrS NkfiusNuA rj gkehys fo�ks�k dqjk ns[kkmuqiusZ

NA [kkl xjh usiky] fcgkj] caxky j caxykns�k lcS feysj ,d

lkFk okrkZ xuqZiNZA ck<hckV eqfä ikmus iqjkuk rfjdk ds fFk,

HkUusckjs vk¶uks Lefrek fruykbZ Qsfj Y;kmuqiNZA R;lykbZ

21

cq>qiusZ N j fruykbZ u;k¡ O;oLFkkvuqlkj gkehys dljh T;w¡dkR;w¡

ok dsgh lq/kkj xjsj viukmu lDNkS ;lek /;ku fnuqiNZA

,dtuk caxkydk izeq[k bfUtfu;j Jh ,l-lh- etqenkj

fFk,A muys ifu caxkydk unhckjs fudS vè;;u xjsdk fFk,A

f;uh unhg:ykbZ cq>~uq&tkUuqiNZ HkUus mudks Hkukb fFk;ksA j]

;ks dqjks muys ckjEckj HkfUkjgUFksA Hkkjr LorU= Hk,ifN ;lS

{ks=ek nkeksnj unhek ck¡/k cukb¡nS fFk;ksA R;l foHkkxek dke

xusZ bfUtfu;j Jh dfiy HkV~Vkpk;Zys ifu izk;% f;uS dqjkdks

Hkfo�;ok.kh ns�kdk lkeqUus xjsdk fFk,A Jh fnus�k dqekj feJtLrk

bfUtfu;jys ifu ;LrS dqjk lektdk ek> jk[nS Nu~A ;l

o�kZdks fcgkjdks ck<+hys ,diYV Qsfj ;h dqjkykbZ dfgys cq>~usNkS

HkUus dqjks tksj yxk,j HkUnS NA

izkjEHkek v³~xzstg:ys ;gk¡ ugj] ikuh j rVcU/klEcU/kh

dke xjsdk fFk,A R;frcsyk ifu ,dnqbZ tuk lân;] le>nkj

j ;gk¡dks ekVks fpUus j cq>~us vf/kdkjhg: fFk,A ;gk¡ ikuhlEcUèkh

tstfr dke xfj;ks R;lckV ;gk¡dks {ks= lqf/kzusdks lkVks c<h

fcfxz,dks N HkUus fupksM muhg:dks fFk;ksA ;l fdfledk rF;

gkezk iqjkuk nLrkostek lekos�k xfj,dk Nu~A Hkkjrek ,mVk

ugj NA R;ks cukb,dks ugjdks unh fdukjkek ,mVk iky

cukb,dks fFk;ksA lu~ !*%# ek lj fofy;e foydkDl R;gh

ikyek tUesdk fFk,A muh ,mVk v³~xzst bfUtfu;j fFk,A lu~

!(#) ek muys dydÙkk fo�ofo|ky;dks çk³~x.kek ;l fo�k;dk

22

rhuoVk Hkk�k.k xjsdk fFk,A R;fr[ksj mudks mesj && o�kZdks

fFk;ksA muys feJtLrks e#Hkwfedk lkFkS fcgkj j caxkytLrk

fo�kky unh Hk,dk izkUrek ifu ikuhlEcU/kh dke xjsdk fFk,A

fodkldk ukm¡ek ;h Hksxek xfj,dk dkeys ck<+h >u~ c<+sdks N]

?kVsdks NSu HkUus fopkj lj fofy;edks fFk;ksA j] muys ;ks dqjks

ck¡pqUtsy HkfujgsdS fFk,A ;h lcSykbZ ,dlkFk lfE>uq j cq>~uq

t#jh NA j] f;uSek Vsdsj Qsfj dquS ckVks fudkYuqiNZA ;fn ;ks

Hk,u Hkus mÙkj fcgkjdks iz�u geslk jfgjgus NA j] gkehys

R;ldks mÙkj [kksTu ikmusNSukSaA rj ;ks dqjks cq>~;kSa Hkus ek=

dquS lgh ckVks fufLdusNA ;ks iDdk dqjks gksA

23

�-�-�-�-�-vfudky% dk;Z j fopkjvfudky% dk;Z j fopkjvfudky% dk;Z j fopkjvfudky% dk;Z j fopkjvfudky% dk;Z j fopkj

vkxks ykxsifN dqok [kUus ;ks iqjkuS m[kku gksA vfudkydks

vkxks ykX;ksA ljdkj j lekt nqoSys lesr dqok [kUu �kq# xjsA

m[kkuvuqlkj dqok [kusifN lk;n ikuh fufLdUNA rj ;liVd

dqok [kusj R;ks ifu fuLdsuA ;lSys gksyk] ;lcsyk VSadj]

jsyxkMh j ikuhtgktckV lesr ikuh xqtjkrek iq¥ofb;ksA

;ljh ikuh Y;kmusek ,mVS lk/ku NqV~;ksA R;ks gks&gokbZtgktA

ifNYyks chl o�kZnsf[k lcS ikVhZdk usrkg: ns�kykbZ

,DdkbZlkSa&�krkCnhek iq¥ofmu vkrqj fFk,A rj ;ks ,DdkbZl

�krkCnhdks uS ifgyks vfudky gksA u;k¡ ns�k cukmudk ykfx

ØkfUrdks BwyS gksgYyk gq¡nS fFk;ksA rj R;l ØkfUrdk egku nwr

j liqrg:ykbZ [kcj uxjsj ns�kdks vk/kk Hkkxek vfudky

,Ddkfl FkkgS ufn,j vk,dks NA

rj okLroek vfudky dfgY;S ifu R;lS vkm¡nSuA e R;ks

fnu vkm¡Nq Hkusj vkmus R;ks ikgquk ifu gksbuA fnlsEcj efgukdks

vUrfrjdks dqjks gksA R;fr[ksj eulqu Lo;a lesfV,dks fFk;ksA

R;frcsyk uS ;lys dgk¡&dgk¡ de vkSlrHkUnk de ikuh ijsdks

24

N HkUus lwpuk j tkudkjh fnbldsdks fFk;ksA rj fdlku j

dysDVj ¼çeq[k ftYyk vfèkdkjh½ nqoSys ;rkfrj /;ku fn,uu~A

;ks lk¡Ppks dqjks gksA gjsd Bkm¡ek [kusj flapkb xusZ ikuhdks [kqyk

gkrys [kpZ Hkbjg~;ksA ;lSdks ifj.kkeLo:i N&lkr jkT;g:ek

tyLrj yxkrkj [kfLdjg~;ksA ;lys xnkZ fctqyh cÙkh ifu

cYu ldsuA

;fr[ksj pkjSfrj vuhfrdks nkSM pYnS NA ljdkjys tyuhfr

cukmusfrj /;ku fn,dS NA ;l tyuhfrdks eL;kSnk vfudky

iuqZvf?k r;kj Hkbldsdks fFk;ksA ,mVk dqjks ;gk¡ euu xusZ ;ksX;

NA tqu Vscqyek clsj tyuhfr r;kj xfj;ks R;gh Vscqyek clsj

lkjk unhykbZ ,dvdkZflr tksM~us uhfr ifu cukb,dks NA ;ks

dqjks fcLrkjS turkek> vkm¡nS NA j] ;ks fudS [kfpZyks] Hk;adj

,oa vO;kogkfjd ;kstuk gks HkUus [kcj ifu yxkrkj

tuleqnk;chp vkbjgsdS NA ;Lrk ppkZ j okrkZykbZ vfudkyys

vlkekftd j vlkef;d cukmu ldsdks NSuA ftEesokj ekful

j eU=hx.k ;Lrk QkYrw dqjkek O;Lr Nu~A ;LrkykbZ ds uS HkUu

lfdUN j!

vfudky R;lS dfgY;S vkm¡nSuA ;ks dqjks gkehys dfgY;S

fcflZuq gq¡nSuA ;lHkUnk ifgys jkezk& jkezk fopkj j dkedks

vHkko gqUNA ;gk¡ fopkj j dke nqoSek dquS Qjd NSuA ;ks

fgtksvktdks u;k¡ �kCnkoyhHkUnk Qjd NA ;lek ,D�ku] fQYM

odZ] j xzkl :Vdks dke dsgh c<h egÙo j xgzkSa Hk,tLrks

25

ykXNA rj ;lykbZ rYyksLrjdks dketLrks ekfuUNA ;gh dqjks

uS cq>~uq t#jh NA rj ;ldks mYVks jkezks dkeckV uS jkezks

fopkj fufLdUNA j] jkezks fopkjckV jkezks dkedks Fkkyuh gqUNA

;h nqbZe/;sckV dquS ifu ^VfeZusVj lhM* gq¡nSuA

vfudky inZNA ;lchp jkezk&jkezk dke j fopkjdks

,mVk lqUnj rj lkuks mnkgj.k ifu fnu lfdUNA jktLFkku

,mVk çkUr gksA j] ;l çkUrek vyoj HkUus ,mVk ftYYkk NA

R;gk¡ ^r#.k Hkkjr la?k* ys ifNYyks chl o�kZnsf[k dke xnSZ NA

loZizFke R;gk¡dk iks[kjh] unhukyk j lkuk&lkuk ck¡/kg:ykbZ

ck¡/kus jkezks fopkj R;gk¡dk ekfuldks eu&efLr�dek iyk;ksA

;ljh R;gk¡ j R;l ofjifj v: ftYykdk dfjc ��� xkm¡ysys

c[kkZdks ,d&,d Fkksik ikuh tEek xusZ dke xjsA ;ljh R;gk¡dk

iks[kjh j unh ikuhys Hkfj,A j] fruys R;gk¡ lqdsdk ik¡poVS

unhg:ykbZ lnkuhjk vFkkZr~ fruek l/kSaHkfj ikuh Hkbjgus ntkZ

fQrkZ xjsA

jkezks fopkjys jkezS dke x¥oksA j] R;lifN vfudkydks

ifgyks [kcj vk;ksA ;ks ,mVk pqukSrh uS fFk;ksA R;fr[ksj ifu

R;gk¡dk iks[kjh] dqok j unhek ikuh Hkfj,dS fFk;ksA ikuh de

ijsdks NA ;lSys ikuh /ksjS pkfgus Qly NuqZ gq¡nSu HkUus dqjks

fu.kZ; xfj;ksA ;lSys FkksjS ikuh pkfgus Qly yxkb;ksA ;lek

muhg:ykbZ Fkksjcgqr vkfFkZd uksdlku Hk;ks uS gksykA

rj vkt ;ks {ks= vfudkychp ,mVk gfj;ks }hi>Sa m¡fHk,dks

NA ;lks gq¡nk ;gk¡ ljdkjykbZ VSadjckV ikuh Y;kmuqijsdks

26

NSuA vfudky jkgrdk ykfx iSlk ifu ck¡M~uqijsdks NSuA ;ljh

R;ks xkm¡ j R;gk¡dk ekfulykbZ dlSdk vf?k gkr FkkIuq ijsuA

;lSys muhg:dks f�kj BkMks Hk,dks NA R;gk¡ ikuhlEcU/kh fudS

jkezks dke xfj,dks fFk;ksA ;lks gq¡nk ;lys muhg:dks LokfHkekuykbZ

ifu j{kk xjsdks NA

vyojek unhykbZ ,dvdksZflr tksMkb,dks NSuA R;gk¡dk

ekful unh j iks[kjhflr tksfM,dk Nu~A R;gk¡ iSlk ucxk,j

ifluk cxkb,dks NA ekfuldk jkezk&jkezk dke j fopkjys

vfudkyykbZ ,mVk n�kZd>Sa iky ¼iks[kjhdks fMy½ ek m¡H;kb,dks

NA

27

�-�-�-�-�-yyyyykiksfM;k j xkSpjukiksfM;k j xkSpjukiksfM;k j xkSpjukiksfM;k j xkSpjukiksfM;k j xkSpju

Hkkjrdks t;iqj ftYykek ,mVk lkuks xkm¡ NA R;l

xkm¡dks ukm¡ ykiksfM;k gksA R;gk¡ foxr � o�kZlEe ykeks vfudky

ifjjg~;ksA ;lys xnkZ R;ldk vklikldk lkjk xkm¡g: nq%[kh

j ihfMr fFk,A rj R;l vfudkydks vlj ykiksfM;kek ijsuA

R;ldks f�kj BkMks Hkbjg~;ksA R;lek ?ke.M fFk,uA R;ks fouez

nsf[kUNA mlys � o�kZdks vfudkyflr tq/k~uqdks lÍk R;lSflr

ftmus rfjdk [kksTus iz;kl x¥oksA R;gk¡dk xkm¡ysg:ys

vfudkyykbZ fclsZj tfeueqfudks ikuh ifgY;kmu ifjJe xjsA

muhg:dks esgur [ksj x,uA vfudkydks le;lesr fcR;ksA

rSifu R;gk¡dk ekfulys ykiksfM;kykbZ vk¶uks iflukys flapsj

R;lykbZ gfj;ks&Hkfj;ks cuk,dS Nu~A

dquS ifu lekt �kwU;ek thfor jgu lDnSuA mlys vk¶uk

ekUNs] xkbZcLrq] tfeu] cksVfc#ok] dqok] iks[kjh j [ksrckjhdk

fufEr izcU/k xuSZiNZA rj R;ks O;oLFkk le;fl) j Lo;afl)

Hk,dks gquqiusZ NA lcS lnL;g:}kjk le; lkis{k O;oLFkk

cukbus xfjUNA R;lykbZ Qsfj lcS feysj L;kgkj & lqlkj xjh

28

O;kid cukbUN] etcqr xfjUNA ;l fdfledk vuq�kklu ,d

iqLrkckV vdksZ iqLrkek lkfjUNA ,mVk ih<h lekIr gqUNA j]

vdksZ ifjiDo ih<h Qsfj vf?k lnZNA ;l /kjksgjykbZ vkRelkr

xnSZ lkekftd thou fuckZ/k xfrys pfyjgUNA

ifNYyks nqbZ l; o�kZek gkehdgk¡ fuôS mFkyiqFky Hk;ksA

gkezks lekt [kkl fu;e j vuq�kkluvuqlkj pYnS fFk;ksA rj

R;ks mFkyiqFkydk dkj.k rh fu;e j vuq�kklu fcfxz,A R;fr[ksj

lektykbZ fVdkmus j l~rflnt xusZ ,mVk [kkl fdfledks

O;oLFkk fFk;ksA u;k¡ fopkjys R;ldks izfr�Bkek vk¡p iq¥of;ks]

R;lykbZ u�V x¥oks j /oLr ik¥oksA ;ldks lkVks dquS vdksZ

izHkkodkjh O;oLFkk vf?k lkfj,uA ykiksfM;k dquS vukSBks xkm¡

fFk,uA R;l mFkyiqFkydks vk¡/kh lkeqUus R;ks ifu m¡fHkjgu

ldsu] fVdsuA R;gk¡ ifu lk/kudks deh] xfjch j ykpkjh

fFk;ksA ;ldk lkeq Å ifu ureLrd fFk;ksA

ewy tjksdks fpuksVewy tjksdks fpuksVewy tjksdks fpuksVewy tjksdks fpuksVewy tjksdks fpuksV

le; lnk>Sa ,mVS gqUuA fgtksvkt ykiksfM;kdks f�kj Qsfj

BkMks Hk,dks NA R;gk¡ vk¶uk ewy lzksrykbZ fpUus] j fruykbZ

[kksTus ;k=kdks Fkkyuh xfj;ksA j] ;l ;k=kdks ,mVk ykeks

dFkk ifu NA izÑfrvuqlkj dquS ifu dkedks Qy /kS;Zfcuk

ikb¡nSuA R;ks xkm¡ys gkj [kkbldsdks fFk;ksA R;gk¡dk [ksrckjh

mtkM Hkbldsdk fFk,A xkSpju ifu lfdldsdks fFk;ksA R;lek

ifu drSdrS dlSdks dCtk fFk;ksA R;gk¡ iqjkuk nqbVk iks[kjhg:

29

fFk,A rh ifu iky ¼iks[kjhdks fMy½ HkRdsj fcfxzldsdk fFk,A

R;gk¡ Hk;adj n;uh; fLFkfr fFk;ksA R;gk¡dk ckflUnk fojfä,j

�� fdyksfeVj Vk<k iusZ t;iqj �kgjek clkb¡ luZ ykxsA ;ljh

muhg:ys vkQwykbZ cpkmus iz;Ru xjsdk fFk,A dquScsyk R;gk¡dks

ifjokjys iwjS xkm¡dks O;oLFkk lEgkysdks fFk;ksA rj vfgys [kjkc

le; pYnS x;ksA R;ks ifjokjdk flikyq lnL; ifu vk¶uks xkm¡

NksMsj uksdjh xuZ fgaMsA f;uSe/;s ,dtuk y{e.k flag fFk,A muh

Bkdqj ifjokjek tUesdk fFk,A muhykbZ vknjdk lkFk ^cukth*

HkfuUF;ksA muh ifu fojfä,j R;gk¡ckV Vk<k drS xbldsdk fFk,A

rj R;l ykiksfM;kykbZ cukthckV BwyS dke xjkmuq fFk;ksA

vyoj ftYykek ,mVk laLFkk ^r#.k Hkkjr la?k* ys dke xnSZ

fFk;ksA lu~ ����ek cukthdks R;l laLFkkflr lEidZ Hk;ksA

;lvf?k muh usg: ;qok dsUnzdks dkeek layXu fFk,A ;ks dsUnz

Hkkjr ljdkjdks [ksy j ;qok eU=ky;}kjk l~pkyu xfj,dks

fFk;ksA muys ;lSdk ek/;eys vk¶uks xkm¡dk ;qodg:ykbZ

laxfBr xusZ fopkj xjsA R;lifN muys ^xzke fodkl uo;qod

e.My* LFkkiuk xjsdk fFk,A ¼gqu r ;Lrk e.Myg: N~;kiN~;kIrh

fFk,A rj f;uys dquS u;k¡ dke ifu xuZ ldsdk fFk,uu~A½ lu~

���� vf?kdks dqjks gksA y{e.kthys ;qodg:dks laxBu [kksysj

Jenkudk ek/;eys ykiksfM;kek dsgh dke xjsdk fFk,A ;lckgsd

muys NsmNkmdk v: �� vksVk xkm¡ek ifu vk¶uks le;

yxk,dk fFk,A muys ckycPpkg:dk fufEr ,mVk Ldqy ifu

pyk,dk fFk,A

30

y{e.k flagys ^r#.k Hkkjr la?k* dk jktsUnz flagthdk

lkFk dke xjsdk fFk,A ;lSys muys vfudkyckV mtkM Hkbldsdks

xkm¡dks ikuhckjs cq>~u FkkysA muys thouykbZ [kqlh ikusZ jgL;

tkUu ykxsA vk¶uS xkm¡ek QdsZj ;ks jgL; [kksTuqiNZ HkUus

lkspkb mudks fFk;ksA j] ;gh lkspsj muh ykiksfM;k QdsZA muh

xkm¡ QdsZifN R;gk¡dks iqjkuks oSHko Qsfj QfdZu FkkY;ksA

/krhZdks iwtk/krhZdks iwtk/krhZdks iwtk/krhZdks iwtk/krhZdks iwtk

gqu r y{e.k flag xkm¡ NksMuqvf?k [ksydqnek ykxsdk

fFk,A muys ;lSdk ek/;eys ;qodg:dks ,mVk laxBu cuk,dk

fFk,A ;lSykbZ vk/kkj cuk,j muys xzke lsok j xzke fodkldks

dke xuZ �kq# xjsA lu~ ����ek ;LrS dke xnkZxnSZ muh

xkm¡ckV ckfgfj,dk fFk,A rh dke xuZdk fufEr muhflr iSlk

j ctsV dsgh ifu fFk,uA R;fr[ksj lkoZtfud dk;Z dljh

xfjUN ;lckjs [kklS le>nkjh ifu fFk,u gksykA fdufd

ekfulys rh dke xuZ NksfMldsdk fFk,A fruS dk;ZykbZ Qsfj

fcLrkjS xusZ okrkoj.k cukmuq vko�;d fFk;ksA ;lek i�kq lsok

j [ksrh ifu fFk,A ;ldk fufEr ikuhdks cUnksoLr xuqZ t#jh

fFk;ksA dquScsyk R;gk¡dks pkSddks ljlQkbykbZ mis{kk xfj,dks

fFk;ksA vc muys R;gh pkSddks lQkb xuZ FkkysA muys fnuHkfj

uS ;rkmrk Nfj,dk xkscj cVqYFksA j] muys cVqysdks xkscjykbZ

jkfr [ksrckjhek jk[nFksA muys lksÙkj j QksgjckV çk³~xkfjd

ey cukmus dke ifu xnZFksA ;ks dke xnkZ mudk fe= Jh jke

vorkj dekorys ifu lkFk fn,dk fFk,A ;lckgsd f;uhg:ys

31

l/kSatlks xkm¡dk HkRdsdk iks[kjh dljh Bhd xusZ gks ;lckjs

ifu lksfpjgUFksA rj muhg:dks cq>kb j {kerkHkUnk ;ks ckfgjdks

dqjks fFk;ksA f;uhg: l/kSatlks xkm¡dk HkRdsdk iks[kjh ofjifj

?kqfejgUFksA

rj lu~ ���� ek ,dfnu muhg:ys dksnkyks j Q#ok

cksdsA vfu muhg:ys Bwyk iks[kjhykbZ ejEer xuZ dEej dlsA

R;lykbZ iks[kjhykbZ Bhd xuZ dfr o�kZ ykXus gks HkUus dqjks

muhg:ykbZ Fkkgk fFk,uA ;ljh dsgh gqUu HkUus dqjks ekfulg:ys

muhg:ykbZ lE>k,A rj muhg:ys dke xuZ Hkus NkM+suu~A

ykiksfM;kek ,dtuk izfrf�Br iqtkjh fFk,A mudks ukm¡ Lokeh

fl;kjketh fFk;ksA f;uh ifu /krhZdks ;l iwtkek lfjd Hk,A

R;lifN Jh �;ksdj.k cSjok ifu ;l dkeek ykxsA pkjStuk

feysj fnuHkfj ekVks [kUFksA j] ,d,d Vksdjh ekVks mBk,j

f;uhg:ys iky ¼iks[kjhdks fMy½ ek jk[FksA R;lifN ,d&nqbZ

ih<hnsf[k HkRdsdks iks[kjhdks fMy vfXynS x;ksA dsgh fnuifN

f;uhg:dks esgur j /kS;Z ns[ksj R;gha xkm¡dk iUnz&chltukys

ifu ;l dkeek lkFk fnu FkkysA ,dckV nqbZ j nqbZckV chl

Hk,A j] ifgyksiYV rh lcSys vk&vk¶uk fnekx yxkmu FkkysA

,mVk cSBd cL;ksA j] ;ks xkm¡dks dke gks Hkus lcS xkm¡ysg:ykbZ

cksykmuqiNZ HkUus fu.kZ; xfj;ksA

xkm¡dk ?kjg:ykbZ ftEesokjh ck¡fM;ksA lcS feysj lcSdks

dke xjkSa HkUus Hkkouk tkxr Hk;ksA ;lksgq¡nk ifgys VqfVldsdks

32

dMh Qsfj vfgys tksfM,dks fFk;ksA xehZdks nqbZ efgukek lcS

feysj HkRdsdks iky ¼iks[kjhdks fMy½ ykbZ lq/kkfj;ksA rj izÑfrys

v>S lk;n ykiksfM;kdks ijh{kk fyu pkgUFkksA

c[kkZ ;kedks ifgyks >jhek uS iks[kjh Qsfj HkfRd;ksA rj

R;gk¡dks laxBuys gjsl [kk,uA ykmMLihdjckV cksysj lkjk

xkm¡ysg:ykbZ Mkfd;ksA j] ekVksys Hkfj,dk cksjkg: iks[kjhdks

fMyek jk[ksj R;lykbZ lEgkYus dke xfj;ksA ifN x,j ^r#.k

Hkkjr la?k* ys ;ks Bwyks iks[kjh Bhd xuZ lgk;rk x¥oksA ;lek

n�k o�kZ ykxsdks fFk;ksA n�k o�kZlEedks riL;kifN ;gk¡dks Bwyks

iks[kjhykbZ Qsfj ojnku izkIr Hk;ksA vc iks[kjhek i;kZIr ikuh

fFk;ksA R;l iks[kjhdk rydk [ksrg:ek fcLrkjS /ksjStlks

ifjokjg:ykbZ Qkbnk ifu gqu ykX;ksA R;fr[ksj xkm¡dk ���

fc?kkHkUnk T;knk tfeuek flapkb gqu ykxsdks fFk;ksA

NqVsdks lhekdks VsdkbNqVsdks lhekdks VsdkbNqVsdks lhekdks VsdkbNqVsdks lhekdks VsdkbNqVsdks lhekdks Vsdkb

vuqie feJys ys[uqHk,dks iqLrd ^vkt Hkh [kjs gSa

rkykc^ xkU/kh �kkfUr izfr�BkuckV ifgyksiVd izdkf�kr Hk;ksA

R;lifN R;ks iqLrd y{e.kthys i<sA j] muys R;ks iqLrd

v:ykbZ ifu i<~u yxk,A ¼;l iqLrddk vuqoknd}kjk R;lykbZ

usikyhek vuqokn xfj,dks NA j] R;l usikyh iqLrddks ukm¡

^v>S izkl³~fxd Nu~ iks[kjhg:^ jkf[k,dks NA½ ;l iqLrdek

iks[kjhlEcU/kh ijEijkg:dks o.kZu xfj,dks NA ykiksfM;kdk

33

ekfulys rh lcS ijEijk vk¶uS ijEijk gqu~ HkUus dqjks cq>sA

;lSys rh NqVsdk lhekek Vsdsj vk¶uks xkm¡ek R;ks ijEijk

etcqrhdk lkFk clkYus lkspkb muhg:dks fFk;ksA

Bwyk iks[kjh lq/kkjsifN ;lvf?k cusdk v: lkuk iks[kjhykbZ

ifu lq/kkusZ dke Fkkfy;ksA rhuoVS iks[kjh c[kkZdks ikuhys Hkfju

ykxsA j] R;lykbZ xkm¡dk dqokdk ek/;eys o�kZHkfj uS mi;ksx

xusZ ckVks [kksfy;ksA

rh rhuoVS iks[kjhek ikuh VUu Hkfj,dks fFk;ksA ;ljh

fruys ykiksfM;k xkm¡ykbZ lq[k ck¡M~us ckVks [kksysdk fFk,A R;l

xkm¡ys ;lizfr vkHkkjlesr O;ä x¥ofsA R;l iqLrdek of.kZr

iks[kjhdks ukekdj.kdks ijEijkykbZ lcHkUnk ifgys thfor xfj;ksA

fruoVk iks[kjhdk vk&vk¶uk xq.k j LoHkko fFk,A ;lykbZ

fopkj xnSZ ,mVk lk/kkj.k rj HkO; lekjksgek rh unhg:dks

f;udks ukekdj.k xfj;ksA ifgyks iks[kjhdks nso lkxj] nkslzksdks

Qwy lkxj j rslzksdks ukm¡ vUu lkxj jkf[k;ksA loZizFke nqbVk

iks[kjhckV ikuh Y;kmu uikmus fu;e cukb;ksA Qwy lkxj

ofjifj vly tkrdk cksVfc#ok tLrS csyi= vkfn jksfi;ks j

,mVk okfVdkdks O;oLFkk ifu xfj;ksA nso lkxjdks fMyek

Nrjh ¼LFkk;h iôh e.Mi½] ikuh?kkV] pjkpq#³~xhdk fufEr pusZ

LFkku j /keZ�kkyk vkfn LFkkfir xfj;ksA rslzks lcHkUnk Bwyks

iks[kjhckV xkm¡dks vko�;drkuqlkj flapkbdks O;oLFkk Qsfj

r;kj xfj;ksA ifgys nqbVk iks[kjhckV vk¶uk fufEr uHk,j

34

i�kqi{kh] cksVfc#okdk ykfx ikuh Y;kmus j vUu lkxjckV

vkQwykbZ pkfgus ikuh Y;kmus fu.kZ; xfj;ksA ;ljh vk¶uks

midkj j ijksidkjdks ,mVk lqUnj <k¡pk iqu% LFkkfir xfj;ksA

;ljh xkm¡ek [ksrh xusZ ifjfLFkfr lqf/kz;ksA rj fdlkuh

[ksrhek ek= fVdsdks gq¡nSuA i�kqikyu R;ldks cfy;ks vk/kkj

gqUNA ykiksfM;kdks xkSpju iwjS mtkM Hkbldsdks fFk;ksA R;ks

xkSpju xkm¡dks lkoZtfud Hkwfe fFk;ksA vc ekfulys R;ks Hkwfeek

dCtk xuZ FkkysA R;lek O;fädks LokfeRo gqu FkkY;ksA ?kk¡ldks

r dqjS Hk,u] R;gk¡dk :[kg: dkVsj R;lykbZ uk³~xks cukb;ksA

xkSpjudks lE>ukxkSpjudks lE>ukxkSpjudks lE>ukxkSpjudks lE>ukxkSpjudks lE>uk

�kq#ek xkm¡dks lkoZtfud cqf) iks[kjh lq/kkuZek ykX;ksAR;lifN R;gh cqf) Qsfj xkSpju fodkl lq/kkuZifÍ yxkb;ksAvc lk&lkuk cSBdg: cLu FkkysA dsgh eksVkeksVh fu.kZ; ifuxfj,A tLrS xkSpjuek dlSys ifu cUpjks fy,j tku uikbus]?kk¡l ifu dkV~u ufnbus j oU; thotUrq ekuZ uikmus izLrkoikfjr xfj;ksA ;ldk vfrfjä R;ldks laj{k.k] R;gk¡ ikuhdksO;oLFkkdk lkFkS xq¡M vkfndks izcU/k xusZ fu.kZ; xfj;ksA vUulkxjdks chpek cusdks yk[ksVk ¼}hi ok Vkiq½ ykbZ ifu f;uSdkj.kys lqjf{kr jk[us fopkj xfj;ksA xkSpjudks iqjkuks oSHkoykbZLej.k xfj;ksA dquS cqtzqxdks Hkukb ;Lrks fFk;ks] ^dquScsyk ;lxkSpjuek /ksjS :[kg: fFk,A rh fudS ?kuk fFk,A f;uek ;ldquksnsf[k vdksZ dqukslEe xkm¡dk ;qodg: :[kek fgaMus

izfr;ksfxrkek Hkkx fyUFksA*

35

?kk¡l j mi;ksxh :[kys xkSpju <kfd,dks fFk;ksA ;LrS

u;k¡ liuk cusj Qsfj R;ks xkSpju lcSdks vf?kfYrj vk;ksA rj

;lykbZ lkdkj ikuqZ iks[kjhdks dkeHkUnk ifu c<h v¶Bsjks

fFk;ksA

xkSpjuykbZ lq/kkusZ ladYi r fFk;ksA rj ;lckjs dlSdks

vuqHko fFk,uA ;l lEcU/kek drSckV dsgh flfdUN Hkus flDus

j fldsdk dqjkykbZ ykiksfM;kek iz;ksx xusZ HkUus izLrko cSBdek

loZlEefrckV ikfjr xfj;ksA

frurkdk ljdkjdks xzkeh.k fodkl dk;ZØe l~pkyu

gq¡nS fFk;ksA rj R;lek xkSpjulEcUèkh dk;ZØe fFk,uA lk;n

xkSjpjudks leL;k Fkkgk uHk,j ifu ;lks Hk,dks gksykA ifgys

R;ks lkoZtfud tfeu lcSdk fufEr [kqyk fFk;ksA lcS feysj

R;ldks mi;ksx xfjUF;ksA rj vfgys R;lykbZ ljdkjh tfeu

ekfu;ksA j] R;lek tlyss tfrcsyk pkg~;ks dCtk xuZ ykX;ksA

xkSpjykbZ Bhd xuZ lfdUN HkUus vuqHko dlSykbZ ifu fFk,uA

rSifu R;gk¡dk r#.kg: ;lckjs tkudkjh cVqYu ykfxijsA

muhg:ys dUVqj cfUMx ¼ikuh jksDus½ ,mVk rfjdk drS N HkUus

dqjks dsghckV lqusA vfu muhg: R;llEcU/kh dke gsuZ R;ks

Bkm¡ek x,dk fFk,A

vtesj uftdS fVgjh HkUus ,mVk xkm¡ NA R;gk¡ fo�o

cSadys fudS iSlk yxkuh x¥oksA vfu ,mVk xkSpju ik¡p o�kZdk

ykfx cUn xfj;ksA j] R;gk¡ xkbZcLrqg: izos�k xuZ izfrcU/k

36

yxkb;ksA ;lys xnkZ xkm¡Hkfj rukm Hk,j naxk&Qlkn Hk;ksA

ifN x,j xkm¡ysys xkSpjudks flekukek lqj{kkdk fufEr cukb,dk

[kkYMk iqjsA vfu muhg:ys vk¶uk xkbZcLrq R;gk¡ izos�k xjk,A

;fr[ksj lkekftd bfUtfu;fjaxdk ;h dehdetksjhykbZ fclkSZaA

;gk¡ izkfof/kd:iys xfj,dks dkeykbZ Lo;a izÑfrys ifu Lej.k

xuZ pkgsuA fo�o cSadl¡x ç�kLr fuôS iSlk fFk;ksA ;lSys lkjk

dke /kS;Z j gkrdks lÍk Vª;kDVj}kjk xfj;ksA j] Ms< QqVdk

xfgjk [kkYMkg: fHk=ckV [kqdqyk fFk,A ifgyks c[kkZek uS

ikuhdks ?kuRoys ncsj rh lcS � bUpdk Hk,A rst j osx xfrdk

lkFk cxsdks ikuhys rh [kkYMk HkRdk,j xkSpju fodkldks lkjk

dke vkQwflrS cxk,j yxsdks fFk;ksA

;gk¡ ;LrS vdksZ dke ifu Hk,dks fFk;ksA xkSpjuek Vªsap ok[kkYMks cuk,j fpfl;kmus iz;Ru xfj;ksA ;lek ifu lQyrkgkr ijsuA c[kkZ ;keek [kkYMksek iwjS ikuh HkfjUN HkUus R;ksvlQyrkdks dkj.k Fkkgk ikb;ksA R;lek ?kk¡l mfezu lDnSuA j]xehZek R;ks ikuh rhoz xfrek lqDu FkkYNA j] [kkYMksdks xfgjkbekHk,dks Hkqb¡ ifu rst rkiekudk csyk fNVS lqDu ykXNA ;ks iz;ksxlQy Hk;ks Hkus ifu R;lek dsgh v: deh ifu N HkUus dqjksykiksfM;koklhykbZ ykX;ksA ;ldk fufEr /ksjS fnulEe xkSpjucUn xuqZiF;ksZA R;gk¡ cukb,dk [kkYMkg: xkSpju vklikldkxkm¡ckV fufLdus ckVksdks chpek fFk,A vk¶uks xkm¡ys ;l vojks/kykbZ Lohdkj xjs ifu v: xkm¡ys ;lykbZ dljh ekUyku~\ vdksZdqjks ifu NA R;ks gks& dsgh le;dk fufEr xkSpju cUn xusZ gks

Hkus xkm¡dk xkbZcLrq puZ dgk¡ tkus\

37

o�kkSZalEedks I;klo�kkSZalEedks I;klo�kkSZalEedks I;klo�kkSZalEedks I;klo�kkSZalEedks I;kl

;Lrk /ksjStlks iz�ug:dks mÙkj vuqÙkjhr fFk,A ;ldks

lUrks�ktud mÙkj u oSBdek izkIr Hk;ks u r ofjifjdk dke

ns[ksj ikmu uS lfd;ksA rj ykiksfM;kdk ekfulg:ys vk¶uks

mtkfM,dks xkSpjudks pôj dkfVjgsA ;LrS pôj dkfVjgsdS

csyk ,dfnu y{e.k flagys ,mVk dqjks lkspsA R;ks lkspkb ;Lrks

fFk;ksA xkSpjuek vkdk�ks ikuhykbZ R;ghfHk= jk[ksj o�kkSZansf[kdks

;ldks I;kl cq>kmuqiNZA xkbZcLrqykbZ jksDus j ckVks NsDus dke

xuqZ gqUuA xkSpju [kqyk jk[uqiNZA xkm¡dks Hkwfexr ty ifu

c<ksl~ j fpL;ku c<ukys xkSpju gfj;ks&Hkfj;ks gksl~ HkUus

fglkcys ikuh jksDuqiNZ] NsDuqiNZA

[ksrhdks vuqHko[ksrhdks vuqHko[ksrhdks vuqHko[ksrhdks vuqHko[ksrhdks vuqHko

ykiksfM;kdk ekfulek xkSpjudks js[kns[k xuqiNZ HkUusA

iqLrsuh bPNk fFk;ksA iqLrkSa&iqLrkSansf[k R;gk¡ [ksrek ikuhdks izcUèk

xusZ] flapkb xusZ j fpL;ku QSykmus vuqHko pYnS vk,dks fFk;ksA

rj xkSpju [ksy gksbuA ;lek ?kk¡l] >kMh] cksVfc#ok mfezudk

fufEr dquS rfjdk viukmuqiusZ fFk;ksA rj R;ks muhg:dks gkrek

fFk,uA ;ldks ,mVk dkj.k fFk;ksA ;lvf?k R;gk¡ xkSpjulEcU/

kh dke xuqZiusZ vko�;d fFk,uA muhg:ykbZ iq[;kSZyh gfj;kyh

xkSpju izkIr fFk;ksA rj ifNYyks le;ek ;ks lc mtkM

Hkbldsdks fFk;ksA ;lek dquS ;qfä uyxk,lEe ikuh Fkkfeus

fLFkfr fFk,uA

38

[ksrhikrhdks ifu vk¶uS vuqHko gqUNA ;l vuqHkovuqlkj

xkSpjuek ikuh jksDuq t#jh gq¡nSuA ikuhdks l³~xzg r iks[kjhek

xfjUNA xkSpjuek c[kkZ ;keek rq#Ur cXus ikuhykbZ FkksjS le;dk

ykfx FkkEuqiNZA iwjS ikuhykbZ FkkEus gks Hkus ?kk¡l lfizUuA

xkSpju Hkwfeek ?kk¡ldk dm¡yk tjk tEu lDus izÑfrek ;fr

fplku r pkfgUN uSA ,d [ksiek ?kk¡l mfez;ks Hkus R;lifNdks

c[kZkek Qsfj ;fr uS ikuh j fplku pkfgUNA j] R;ks lw;Zdks

izdk�kdk lkFk ;l fplkuykbZ tksMsj ?kk¡lykbZ v: ekfFk

mBkmu lfd;ksl~A

gkr ykX;ks pkSdkgkr ykX;ks pkSdkgkr ykX;ks pkSdkgkr ykX;ks pkSdkgkr ykX;ks pkSdk

cukthys xkSpjuek ds xusZ j ds uxusZ ;lckjs iwjS /;ku

fn,dk fFk,A ifgyksiYV muys pkSdk �kCn iÙkk yxk,A ;l

pkSdk i)frykbZ xkSpjuek O;kogkfjd :i fnb;ksA vfu pkSdkdk

pkjoVk Hkqtkg:e/;s ,mVk Hkqtk gVkb;ksA j] ;ks pkSdkys ,mVk

Bwyks Hkqtk j nqbVk lkuk Hkqtkdks :i fy;ksA lEHkor% xkSpjudks

fodkldks bfrgklek ;ks cukthdks nsu fFk;ksA j] ;ks ;l fdfledks

,mVk egÙoiw.kZ ?kVuk ifu fFk;ksA ;l <k¡pkek rhuoVk Hkqtk j

nqbVk dquk fFk,A rj c[kkZek ikuh Hkfj;ks Hkus ;lys ,mVk ykeks

vk;kr~ vFkkZr pkjoVk dqukdks :i fyUNA ;lSys ;ldks ukm¡

pkSdk uS jgu fnb;ksA

mtkM Hkbldsdks xkSpjuykbZ Bhd xuqZ t#jh fFk;ksA

;ldk fufEr n< ladYi fyb;ks j ;lckjs lko/kkuh ifu

39

viukb;ksA xkm¡dk ;qodg: cw<+kikdkg:dk lkFk xkSpjuek

nqbpkjiYV ?kqesA <kyw drkfrj N j dfr N HkUus Fkkgk ykX;ksAlkjk xkSpjuek pkSdk cusifN fruckV cXus ikuh fuLdsj drktkUN HkUus dqjks ifu irk yxkmuq fFk;ksA ;ldks vfrfjäikuhykbZ R;gk¡dks dquS iks[kjh ok ukyhek jk[uq fFk;ksA xkbZcLrqpusZ Bkm¡ek uftdS ikuh ifu gquqiNZA ikuh Vk<k Hk;ks Hkusnksigjek ikuh fimu ijS tkuqiusZ gqUNA j] ;ljh nksgks¥ofm¡nkQfdZu xkgzks iNZA

cw<kikdkg:flr ?kqEukys ;h lc dqjk jkezjh cqf>;ksA R;lifN,mVk lknk dkxtek ,mVk uD�kkdks [kslzk dksfj;ksA j] xkSpjuekdke xuqZvf?k ;l uD�kkuqlkj tfeuek fu�kku yxkb;ksA dgk¡ckVdfr ekVks mBkmus j R;lykbZ dgk¡&dljh FkqikusZ fopkj xfj;ks]fujh{k.k xfj;ksA [kukb j j[kkbdks Bkm¡ dfjc � QqVdks vUrjikjsj vkyh NksfM;ksA [kkYMksckV ekVks fudkysj cusdks vkyhekikuhdks nckc iuqZ gq¡nSuA j] R;gk¡dks ekVks ifu fcLrkjS [kLdsj[kusdks Bkm¡ek Hkfjuq gq¡nSuA ;ldks iwjS /;ku jkf[k;ksA

;fr lc HkbldsifN pkSdkdks ikyks vk;ksA ;lykbZcukmuqvf?k lcSl¡x dqjk xuqZ vko�;d fFk;ksA lcSdks euek

dkxt j tfeuek f[kapsdk js[kk j uD�kk r N¡nS fFk,A

LokFkhZ jktuhfrdks [ksyLokFkhZ jktuhfrdks [ksyLokFkhZ jktuhfrdks [ksyLokFkhZ jktuhfrdks [ksyLokFkhZ jktuhfrdks [ksy

pkSdkdk ek/;eys iwjS xkm¡flr fdlku j xksBkykykbZ

tksMus dke lftyS xjh gksyk HkUus lksPuq Hkwy gqusN] dsVkdsVhiu

40

gqusNA ;ks dke �kq# xusZfcfÙkdS] ?kk¡l mfezuqvf?k xkm¡ek Qksgjh

j LokFkhZ jktuhfrdks [ksy [ksfyu FkkY;ksA dsgh ekfulg:

xkm¡dks ,drk [kYcY;kmu vf?k ljsA muhg:ys pkSdkdks fojksèk

xjsA muhg:}kjk laLFkkdk ekfulys xkSpjuek dCtk tekmu

[kksTnSNu~ HkUus vQokg QSykb;ksA xkm¡ys ck¡dh jgsdk :[kg:

udkV~us ladYi xjsdks fFk;ksA rj R;Lrk LokFkhZg:ys f;uSek

cUpjks pyk,A dgfy,dk tuizfrfuf/k j i~rf;rys muhg:ykbZ

lkFk fn,A �� flrEcj ����ek i~rf;rys lesr ek= nqbZ

gtkj :iS;k¡ek xkSpjudk lcS :[k dVku xusZ Bsôk fn;ksA

xkSpjuykbZ lq/kkusZ j fodkl xusZ dke i~rf;rdks gks HkUus

?kks�k.kk ifu xfj;ksA

rj lR; lR; uS gqUNA ;lSys lR; xkm¡ j laLFkkdk

lkFkek fFk;ksA ;ks vfr vfiz; izl³~x fFk;ksA ekfulys lR;dks

vkxzg ifu xjsA j] xkSpjuek lR;kxzg �kq# xfj;ksA tkMksdks

;ke fFk;ksA efgyk&iq#�k nqoS feysj fnuHkfj uS ?kqesj xkSpjudks

js[kns[k xuZ FkkysA rj js[kns[k R;fr i;kZIr Hk,uA ;lSys

fljd] Mluk j dEcy fy,j xkm¡ysg: R;gha lqRu ykxsA

lcSys Hkfo�;ek jkezjh lqr~u ikÅu~ HkUus muhg:dks lkspkb

fFk;ksA ;lSys lu~ ����dks tkMksek [kqyk vkdk�keqfu tkxjke

clsj muhg:ys jkr dVk,dk fFk,A j] ikySikyks xjh muhg:ys

igjk fnbjgsA ;l dkeek ikdk ekful [kfV,dk fFk,A

f;uhg:ykbZ ;qod] efgyk j lkuk dsVkdsVh lesrys lkFk

fn,dk fFk,A ;fr Hk,ifN R;gk¡ izgjh] dysDVj ¼çeq[k ftYyk

41

vfèkdkjh½] lkuk&Bwyk deZpkjh j iVokjhlesr vkbiqxsA

rh lcSys nqoS i{kl¡x l¡xS clsj R;gk¡dks lkjk ifjfLFkfr cq>sA

vfu xkSpjudks :[k dkV~us Bsôk fujLr xfj;ksA j] csyk;rh

ccqy ek=S dkV~us fu.kZ; Hk;ksA /krhZdks ykfx vly dke

xfj;ks Hkus iq.; izkfIr gqUNA ;lSys ;ljh R;gk¡dks xkSpju

cpkb;ksA

lksgh cSBd}kjk xkSpjuek Hk,dks dCtk ifu gVkmus fu.kZ;

xfj;ksA ;l dkeek tUthj ¼tfeu ukIus tUthj tks �� gkr ok

�� xtdks gqUN½ fy,j iVokjh vf?k ljsA xkm¡dks uD�kkdk

vkèkkjek iwjS uikb Hk;ksA ;lek ukrkikrk j fe=rkdks dquS

[;ky xfj,uA fe=rk ek= xkSpjul¡x NA fduHkus ;lckV iwjS

xkm¡dks [kqfl;kyh tksfM,dks gqUNA ;ks dqjks cMks izse rj n<rkdk

lkFk y{e.kthys xjsdk fFk,A

o�kkZSansf[kdks dCtk NqVkmus dke R;fr lftyks fFk,uA

tldks dCtk gVkbUN mldks eu dqfMUN] fijksfyUNA ;ks

LokHkkfod dqjks ifu gksA ;l HkkoukykbZ gVkmuq t#jh fFk;ksA

;lSys xkSpju eS iwjS xkm¡dks lkewfgd Hkkst jk[us fu/kks xfj;ksA

R;l lkewfgd Hkkstek iqMh] pkLuh j gyqok ifLd;ksA R;l

xkm¡ek ��� ?kjg: fFk,A ;h lcS ?kjdk dfjc ��� tukys

R;gk¡ Hkkstu xjsA lgHkkstek ifLd,dks pkLuhdks feBklys lkjk

frDrrk esVkmus dke x¥oksA

42

Lons�kh vfHk;kuLons�kh vfHk;kuLons�kh vfHk;kuLons�kh vfHk;kuLons�kh vfHk;ku

;l HkkstifN xkSpjuckV csyk;rh ccqy gVkmu Fkkfy;ksA

xkSpju Hkusdks uS xkm¡dk xkbZcLrq pusZ Fkyks gksA ;ks dqjks

lcSykbZ FkkgS NA rj ifNYyks le;ek R;gk¡dk :[kg: dVkb,]

m[kkfy;ksA vkQwys xjsdk xYrh yqdkmu [kksft;ksA gfj;kyh

ns[kkmu Hkusj R;gk¡ trktrS csyk;rh ccqy jksfi;ksA ;ks ccqy

cMks fNVks gqfdZUN j ;lykbZ xkbZcLrqys [kk¡nSuu~A ;ldks ofjifj

dquS v: cksVfc#ok ifu mfez¡nSuA gjsd ekSleek ;ks pkjSfrj

QSfyUN j ;ldks lkezkT; c<~nS tkUNA vfu ;lys lEiw.kZ

xkSpjuykbZ vk¶uks nkl cukm¡NA lkewfgd HkkstifN lkjk csyk;rh

ccqyykbZ xkSpjuckV gVkmus vfHk;ku pykb;ksA ;ks vfHk;ku

,mVk lqUnj Lons�kh vfHk;ku fFk;ksA

lEiw.kZ xkSpjek ?kqesj xkm¡ysys csyk;rh ccqy xusA j]

R;l fxUrhykbZ xkm¡dk dqy ifjokjek ck¡fM;ksA R;gk¡ yxHkx

� l;oVk csyk;rh coqy fFk,A j] xkm¡ek nqbZ l; ifjokjg:

fFk,A izR;sd ifjokjys rhuoVk csyk;rh ccqydk tjklesr

m[kkYu qiu s Z fu.k Z; xfj;k sA ;ldk :[k j >kMh

dks vfydfr Hkkx ifu NqV~;ks Hkus Qsfj mfezgkYNA ;lSys vkmus

� efgukek ;lykbZ tjSnsf[k m[kkYus Vqaxks yxkb;ksA tjklesr

vks[kysifN R;gk¡ [kkYMk r iNZu uSA f;uS [kkYMkek Lons�kh

ccqy] c;j j ?kk¡l vkfn FkjhFkjhdk mi;ksxh cksVfc#okg:dks

chm jksfi;ksA

43

izkjEHkek pkSdk cusifN ekfulek fuôS mRlkg fFk;ksA ;lSys

ckfgjckV cksVfc#ok j fofHkUu izdkjdk ?kk¡ldk chm j csukZ

Y;k,j Nfj;ks] jksfi;ksA rj ;ldks ifj.kke /ksjS jkezks fuLdsuA

xkSpjuykbZ pkfgus tfr ikuh jksfd,dks fFk;ksA vfrfjä ikuh

pkSdkykbZ ufcxkjsj cfxjgsdks fFk;ksA ;lSys HkyS ckfgjckV Y;k,dk

chm mezsuu~A rj uNjsdk chm mezsj R;gk¡ gfj;ks&Hkfjyks nsf[ku

ykX;ksA c[kkZ ;keek ikuh ijsj lqdsifN fplku Hk,dks R;l

Bkm¡ek izÑfrys ?kk¡ldks gfj;ks njh fcN~;kmus dke xnZF;ksA

dquScsyk R;l xkSpjckV gjkb ldsdk ?kk¡l j ;LrS >kMhdk

ukm¡lesr ekfuldk Lefr j cksyhckV gjkbldsdk fFk,A fruh

Qsfj vfgys ,d&,d xjh ykiksfM;kdks xkSpjuek QfdZu ykxsA

csyk;rh ccqy l[kkQ ikfj;ksA vfgyslEe Lons�kh ccqy jksfi,dks

fFk,uA rj fplku gqusfcfÙkdS iqjkuk ncsdk tjkg:ek izk.k

vk;ksA j] Bkm¡&Bkm¡ek mi;ksxh ?kk¡l] cksVfc#ok j >kMh >k¡fxu

FkkysA izÑfrdks Le`frek R;ks esfV,dks fFk,uA ;lSys Qsfj

ykiksfM;kdks lektdks Lefrek ifu ;h ukeg: ,d&,d xjh

QfdZu FkkysA

ladYidks foLrkjladYidks foLrkjladYidks foLrkjladYidks foLrkjladYidks foLrkj

ykiksfM;kys vk¶uks xkSpju lq/kkusZ ladYi xjsdks fFk;ksA

;lys R;lykbZ O;ogkjek ifjf.kr x¥oks j R;ldks foLrkj ifu

x¥oksA R;l xkm¡dk fNesdh xkm¡g:ek ,mVk laLFkk ;qok e.My*

[kksfy;ksA lcSflr lEidZ xjsj xkSpju] iks[kjh] cksVfc#ok j

oU;tUrq laj{k.kdk fufEr cSBd Hkbjgs j in ;k=k ifu

44

fudkfy;ksA ;ks dke NjfNesdh xkm¡ckV �kq# xfj,dks fFk;ksA

ifN x,j ;ks dke �� xkm¡g:ek QSfy,dks fFk;ksA nsomBuh

X;kjlckV ¼frgkjifNdks ifgyks ,dkn�kh vFkkZr~ usikyek ;lykbZ

Bwyks ,dkn�kh HkfuUN½ iks[kjh j xkSpju iwtkdks dke FkkfyUNA

j] Bkm¡&Bkm¡ek ;Lrk in;k=k j tutkxj.k �kq# xfjUNA

lcSdks dke lcSykbZ lkFk fy,fcuk lEiUu gqu lDnSuA ;lSys

dksgh ifu uNqVksl~ HkUus dqjksek /;ku fnbUNA ;fn dksgh ekful

LokFkZo�k ;lek ykxsdks NSu Hkus R;lykbZ iwjS /;ku fnbUNA

mldks fgr lkoZtfud fgrek uS N HkUus dqjk mlykbZ jkezjh

lE>kmus xfjUNA vc Qsfj ykiksfM;krQZ QdkSaZA

lcS xkm¡ysykbZ xkSpjuflr tksMus O;oLFkk feykb;ksA

vfgys R;gk¡ :[kg: fFk,uu~A rj lkuk&lkuk >kMhg: tjks

xkM~nS cfy;ks gq¡nS fFk,A fruykbZ v: lgkjk fnudk fufEr

okrkoj.k r;kj xfj;ksA ;lSys ;h >kMhdks j[kokjhdk ykfx

dkuqu ok dMkbdks lkVks izse j J)kdks lgkjk fyb;ksA

ykiksfM;kdk efgyk&iq#�kys ;h lkuk&lkuk >kMhek j{kkcU/ku

ck¡/kus dke xjsA j] muhg:ys f;udks j{kk xusZ ladYilesr

xjsdk fFk,A

vfudky ijsdks � o�kZ fcfrlD;ksA rSifu ykiksfM;kek

gfj;ks&Hkfj;ks NA ;gk¡ vfudkydk csyk nw/kdks Bwyks unh ucxs

ifu ,mVk lkuks lksrks r cfxjgsdS NA fgtksvkt ;gk¡ izfrfnu

�� dsu ;kfu dfjc ���� fyVj nw/k mRiknu gqUNA R;ks nw/k

45

?kjifjokj j ckycPpkdks vko�;drk iwjk xjsifN fcØh xfjUNA

t;iqj Msjhys gjsd efguk v<kbZ yk[k #iS;¡kdks nw/k fdUnS NA

;ljh vktdy ;gk¡ gjsd o�kZ yxHkx �� yk[k :iS;k¡dks nw/k

mRiknu xfjanS NA j] xkm¡ek QdsZdks gfj;kyhys xnkZ uS ;ks

nwèkdks dke lftyks gqu ldsdks gksA

dquScsyk ykiksfM;kdks xkSpju pkSiV Hkbldsdks fFk;ksA

R;gk¡ pkSdk i)fr viukb;ksA R;lifN R;gk¡ FkjhFkjhdk ?kk¡l j

fofHkUu fdfledk cksVfc#ok QdsZdk Nu~A ;h lcSdks R;gk¡

vk&vk¶uks fo�ks�k LFkku lqjf{kr xfj,dks NA izÑfrys f;udks

LFkku vkj{k.k xnSZ NA drS d.Vdkjh r drS [kjk;ksys ikuh

[kkus gkSt ¼dq.M½ N Hkus dgha ,d fdfledks ?kk¡l N r drS

v: ifu Nu~A ekful xkSpjufHk= izos�k xjs Hkus mRlqdrkdk

lkFk fufDyjgsdk dksfiyk] ikr] vadqjykbZ fpUus j ukm¡ HkUus ok

lks/us dksf�k�k xNZu~A ykiksfM;kdks xkSpj.k ouLifr �kkL=dks

,mVk u;k¡ ikB�kkyk Hk,dks NA ,d vkilek dqjk xnkZ fdlku]

i�kqikyd j xksBkyksdks Vksyhek u;k¡ ukm¡ fpUus j [kksTus gksM

tLrS ykxsdks gqUNA dlSys ;ks ?kk¡ldks ukm¡ ;ks gks HkUykA j]

dksghys R;ldks xq.k j Qkbnkckjs crkmykA dksgh v> vf?k

ljsj R;ks ?kk¡ldks LoHkkockjs ;Lrks o.kZu xNZ fd R;ks mldks

vk¶uS ifjokjdks lnL; gksA xkaBk ijsdk ,d fdfledks ?kk¡l

mfÝnS nxqjsdktLrk nsf[kUNu~A ;gk¡ vc iqjkuk fdfledk lkjk

ukm¡ ,d= Hkbldsdk NuA c# u;k¡ tekukdk ukm¡ ,d fdfleys

iNkfM NqfVldsdk Nu~A

46

ykiksfM;kys xkSpjudks ?kk¡lfrj ek=S /;ku fn,dks NSuA

mldks /;ku o{krQZ ifu x,dks NA lkjk xkm¡ feysj csyk;rh

ccqyykbZ l[kkQ ikjsA vc izÑfrys ifu Fkksjcgqr jkgr ik,dks

fFk;ksA ;lSys xkSpjuek fplku gquk lkFk Lons�kh ccqy] csy

vkfn tgk¡ ts lEHko gqUN fcLrkjS mfezu ykxsA izÑfrek rhoz

xfrys c<~us o{kdks dquS [kkl LFkku gq¡nSuA ;ks r /kS;Zdks dke

gksA ;lSys R;ks xkm¡ys vk¶uks /kS;Z xqek,uA j] tks o{k ykXu

Fkkysdk fFk, muykbZ cpkmus j c<us volj fnus okrkoj.k

r;kj xfj;ksA rj ;ldk fufEr xkbZcLrqykbZ jksDus dke xfj,uA

;l O;oLFkkek i�kq �k=q gksbuu~ HkUus dqjks xkm¡ysys cq>sA muh

fe= gqu j mudks fe=rkys xkSpjuykbZ gfj;ks&Hkfjyks cukm¡NA

xkbZHkSalhdks xkscj] HksMk] ck[zkk j rFkk [kjk;ksdk cdkSZayk] FkjhFkjhdk

?kk¡l j :[ko�{kdk fc;k¡g: HkbjgUNu~A i�kqi{khdks isVdks

jlk;fud fØ;kys f;usdks dBksj dopykbZ uje cukm¡NA j]

cdkSZayk vkfndk :iek ;h fc;k¡dk vklikl [kkn cUus xnZNA

lkjk xkSpjuek Nfj,dk cdkSZaykys pkSdkek ikuh HkusZ] cXus j

;rkmrk vkmus&tkusdk dkj.k vk&vk¶uks Hkkj ns[nS ikSfMUNu~A

j] mfpr ekSdk gsjsj rh #DNu~ A R;lifN fplku j ?kke

f;uhdks vadqj.kek lgk;d cUNu~A

lEiw.kZ:iek okilhlEiw.kZ:iek okilhlEiw.kZ:iek okilhlEiw.kZ:iek okilhlEiw.kZ:iek okilh

ykiksfM;kek pfjpjkbdks ;ks izkjfEHkd dk;Z fFk;ksA ;ldk lkFkS

;ldks iw.kZ O;oLFkkfrj ifu xkm¡ysdks /;ku tku ykX;ksA ,dUrkdk

47

R;gk¡dks ijEijk] Kku] j vuq�kklu xqfeldsdks fFk;ksA R;lykbZ

fcflZlfd,dks fFk;ksA vc rh lcS lEiw.kZ:iek QfdZnS Nu~A vfu

frudk lEiw.kZ :i j n�kZudks Lefrlesr QfdZu Fkkysdks NA

fgtksvkt ykiksfM;kek xkbZcLrqdks la[;k c<sdks NA

pjkpq#³xhdks la[;kek ifu of) Hk,dS NA j] f;udk tkfrg:

ifu c<sdk Nu~A ;ljh R;gk¡ oU;thodks mifLFkfr ifu nsf[ku

Fkkysdks NA R;gk¡ eqtqj] dksbyh] gqfVV~;km¡] [kjk;ks] U;kmjh

eqlks] taxyh fcjkyks vkfn r N¡nSNu~A dfr Fkjhdk dhjk]

QV~;k³~xzk [ksrckjh j xkSpjuek lftyS HksfVu j nsf[ku ykxsdk

Nu~A xkm¡ ?kjdk fHkÙkkek i�kqi{khdk fp= cukmus pyu fFk;ksA

vkt rh fHkÙkkckV vksysZj xkm¡ek QSfyldsdk Nu~A

vktHkksfy xkm¡ek csxklk ¼xkm¡ j xkSpjuchp xkbZcLrq

cLus] ,d= gqus ok vkjke xusZ Bkm¡½ dks dqjks xfjUNA dsgh

Bkm¡ek csxklkykbZ xksBku ifu HkfuUNA ;ks laLÑr �kCn xksLFkku*

ckV cusdks gksA jktLFkkudk ;h {ks=ek o�kkZ de gqUNA ;lSys

ijEijknsf[k ;gk¡dk fdlkuys [ksrhdk lkFkS i�kqikyudks ifu

è;ku fnanS vk,dk Nu~A mudk fufEr i�kq flQZ dekbdk lk/ku

fFk,uu~A ;h mudk lkaLÑfrd j nk�kZfud lektdk thoUr

lnL; fFk,A ;lks gq¡nk f;uhykbZ ;gk¡nsf[k R;gk¡lEe gk¡dsj

yStkuq gq¡nSuA ;ldks iwjS O;oLFkk xfj,dks gqUF;ksA csxklk ;gh

Bwyks O;oLFkkdks ,mVk lkuks vax fFk;ksA

48

izk;% izR;sd ?kjek xkbZcLrq ikYus pyu fFk;ksA rj R;ks

?kjdk lnL; xkbZcLrqdk lkFk Lo;a xkSpj tku ikm¡nSuFksA ;l

ftEesokjhykbZ xkm¡dk Xokyk ¼;gk¡ ;lykbZ xkbZcLrqdk ekfyd

uHk,j xkbZcLrq pjkmus :iek ns[kkb,dks N½ ys fuokZg xnZFksA

gj Vksy j cLrhckV R;gk¡ tkus xkbZcLrqdk cFkku fcLrkjS

fufDyUF;ksA dquS xYyhckV ik¡p n�koVk xkbZcLrq fufDyUFks Hkus

dghackV chl&rhloVkA ;h lcSykbZ xkm¡nsf[k xkSpjdks ckVksek

iusZ xkm¡dS uftdSdks csxklkek clkbUF;ksA vfu Xokyk vk&vk¶uk

xkbZcLrqdk lkFk vkm¡FksA j] lcS ,d lkFk xkSpjfrj vf?k c<~nFksA

rj fgtksvkt xkm¡ek xkSpju NSuA ;lSys xkm¡ek csxklk

ok xksBku ikb,yk\ dquS csyk ykiksfM;kdks �� fcxkgkek csxklk

fFk;ksA iqjkuks iqLrkys ;fr /ksjS Bkm¡ i�kq lektdks vkjkedk

ykfx NqÍk,dks fFk;ksA rj fcLrkjS xkSpju mtkM gq¡nS x;ksA rj

;fr /ksjS tfeu NksM~uq Hkusdks R;ldks cjcknh xuZq gks HkUus dqjks

u;k¡ iqLrkykbZ ykXN gksykA ;lSys f;uek dCtk gq¡nS x;ksA

vktdy xkm¡ fodkldks ftEek i~pk;rys fy,dks NA R;l

usrRoys ;l fderh Bkm¡ykb xqeVh] ily ok gkV ctkjek

cnYu vkrqj NA rj ykiksfM;kys Qsfj ,diYV csxklkykbZ ifu

cpkmus fopkj xnSZ NA

i�kq n�kZudks foLrkji�kq n�kZudks foLrkji�kq n�kZudks foLrkji�kq n�kZudks foLrkji�kq n�kZudks foLrkj

vc gkeh ;l iwjk O;oLFkkdks foLrkjek tkvkSaA R;lifN

uS xkm¡dks gkezks fdlku lekt dfr laxfBr fFk;ks HkUus dqjks

49

Fkkgk ykXNA drS&drS r xkm¡nsf[k xkSpjudks ckVks fcydqyS

vyx gqUF;ksA ;lykbZ iSny j c;yxkMhdks ckVksHkUnk Vk<k

jkf[kUF;ksA ;Lrks ckVksykbZ dkaxMdks xSyh HkfuUF;ksA ifjJe xjs

ckir xkbZcLrqdks la[;kvuqlkj ikfjJfeddk :iek XokykykbZ

izk;% vukt j dfgysdk¡gh iSlk fnbUF;ksA ;ljh Xokykdks

vkEnkuh ck¡f/k,dks gqUF;ksA ;lckgsd fdlkuys pkMioZek mlykbZ

yÙkkdiMk] Nkrk] twÙkk vkfn vk¶uks gSfl;rvuqlkj fnUks xnZFksA

frgkjek Xokykdks ukpdks vdSZ egÙo fFk;ksA y{eh iwtkckjs

lcSykbZ Fkkgk NA rj R;lSfnu xkSiwtu ifu gqus xF;ksZA HkfuUN]

xks/kuckV uS y{eh vkm¡fNu~A ;lSys frgkjdks fcgkuS Xokykys

lqfjyks xhr xk,j xkm¡ysykbZ C;q¡rkmus dke xnZFksA xkm¡ek

R;lSfnu ok drSdrS n�kSek xks#ykbZ ltkmus dke xfjUF;ksA

muhg:dks nkSM gqUF;ks j drkdfr xks# tq/kkmus pyu ifu

fFk;ksA ;h fo�ks�k fnuek xkbZxks#ykbZ csXyS [kkuk cuk,j [kqokmus

dke ifu xfjUF;ksA

f;uS fnuek ekSle ifjorZu gqUF;ks] ckyh dkfÍUF;ks j [ksrckjh

fjfÙkUF;ksA R;lifN R;ks Bkm¡ c;yxkMk nqxqusZ eSnku cUF;ksA

;Lrks vk;kstuk xuqZvf?k vkyl j xqMdk yM~Mw] drS r ?;w ifu

xks#ykbZ [kqokmus pyu fFk;ksA fdlkuh lektys vk¶uks tx xks#

j xkbZykbZ ekUnF;ksA j] ;lSek df�kdks iwjS oSHko [kMk gqUF;ksA

ykiksfM;k j R;l ofjifj xks#dks �kfä izn�kZu xusZ [ksy

v|kofèk HkbjgUNA R;gk¡ ,mVk flaxkfj,dks <q³~xk HksfVUNA

50

R;lykbZ ?kk¡l ckck HkfuUNA ,mVk fo�ks�k fnu vFkkZr~ frgkjdks

vdksZ fnu xkm¡dk lcS ifjokj vk&vk¶uk xks#dks �kfä

vtekmudk fufEr Hksyk gqUNu~A ,mVk xks#dks iNkfM ;l

<q³~xkykbZ ck¡f/kUN j R;ks xks# ;lykbZ fy,j dfr Vk<k tku

lDN HkUus ijh{kk xfjUNA R;gk¡ ikySikyks xjsj ;ljh uS xks#

nqxqjkmus dke �kq# gqUNA tqu xks# lcHkUnk Vk<+k tku lDN

R;lykbZ iqjLdkj izkIr gqUNA j] o�kZHkfj uS R;ks xks# j R;ldks

ekfyddks xkm¡ek fo�ks�k gSfl;r jfgjgUNA

R;fr[ksj lektys vk¶uk ikYrq i�kqykbZ fudS /;ku fnUF;ksA

;l <k¡pkykbZ lksPuqiusZ NA R;kscsyk fgtksvktdks tLrks nwX/k

m|ksx fFk,uA Msjh O;oLFkk fFk,uA ur nw/kdks laxzg uS xfjUF;ks

ur nw/k uS fcDnF;ksA nw/kdks lkbuks NksjkNksjhl¡x xk¡fl,dks

gqUF;ksA j] nqoSykbZ csPuq jkezks ekfunSuF;ksA ;ljh rh xkm¡ek

nwèkdks unh dljh cXnF;ks HkUus dqjks lftyS cq>~u lfdUNA

xkSpju lEiw.kZrkdks ,d va�kxkSpju lEiw.kZrkdks ,d va�kxkSpju lEiw.kZrkdks ,d va�kxkSpju lEiw.kZrkdks ,d va�kxkSpju lEiw.kZrkdks ,d va�k

vktHkksfy Qsfj xkSpjufrj ekfuldks /;ku tku Fkkysdks

NA lektys i�kqg:dks gsjfopkj xuZdk fufEr ,mVk lqfopkfjr

<k¡pk r;kj xjsdks fFk;ksA ;ks lE>uk xjkmuq ifu t#jh NA

xkSpju R;lSdks ,mVk va�k fFk;ksA

ykiksfM;kek dfjc ��� fc?kkek xkSpju fFk;ksA ;lckgsd

;lSflr feYnkstqYnks dkedk fufEr ,mVk lkuks] ,mVk Bwyks

51

chM ¼pju½ j pksbyh ¼,d fdfledks pju½ xkbZcLrq pusZ LFkku

lqjf{kr xfj,dk gqUFksA xkSpjuek xkbZ j vU; lkuk tukoj puZ

iBkbUFksA i�kqdk �kjhjdks cuksV j frudks Hkwfedkdks fglkcys

R;gk¡dks pkjkdk vkdkj] izdkj j xq.kvuqlkj izcU/k feykb,dks

gqUF;ksA rj chM ¼pju½ ek T;knk Bwyks j ikSf�Vd pkjk gqUF;ksA

j] ;h lcS Bkm¡ek o�kZHkfjdks _rq pØ ok fHkÙks ik=ks cfujgUF;ksA

c[kkZ ykXusfcfÙkdS lkjk xkm¡dk xks# pksbyh ¼pju½ ek

iBkbUFksA ;gk¡ izkÑfrd pkjk miyC/k gqUF;ksA ;ks pkSbyh ipkl

fc?kkek gqUF;ksA ;lek dquS ,mVk ifjokj] tfeUnkjdk ifjokjdk

ek= uHk,j xkm¡dk lcS ifjokjdk xks# NksfMUFksA c[kkZdks pkjk

frgkj vkm¡nk&vkm¡nS lfdu ykXF;ksA R;lifN R;gk¡dk xks#

chM ¼pju½ ek iBkbUFksA j] [kkyh Hk,dks pksbyh ¼pju½ ek vc

xkbZ j ck[kzkdks ikyks vkm¡F;ksA pksbyhek fu�kqYd pjkb gqUF;ksA

rj chMek izrhddk :iek ukm¡ ek=dks �kqYd fybUF;ksA j] R;ks

�kqYd ljdkjh dk;Zky;ek tEek gqUF;ksA ;ljh tEek Hk,dks

jkf�k f;uSdks js[kns[kek [kpZ xfjUF;ksA gksyhifN xehZ �kq#

gqUNA j] ;h {ks=ek pkjk dkVsj [kkyh Hk,dks Bkm¡ek xkbZcLrqg:

jkf[kUFksA R;lifN tqykbZnsf[k frgkjlEe xkbZcLrq xkSpjuek

vkm¡FksA

;l O;oLFkkvUrxZr gjsd LFkkuek xkbZcLrqykbZ iwjS vkjke

fnus pk¡tks&ik¡tks feykb,dks gqUF;ksA [kqyk pjkbHkUnk ifgys

R;l Bkm¡dks ?kk¡l Bhd rfjdkys mfez;ksl~A R;lek QyQwy]

52

ikuh j chm vkvksl~A u;k¡ chm Qsfj >jksl~ j tjk ykxksl~A

rkfd R;ldks mi;ksx xjsifN vkmus fnug:ek R;lykbZ izkIr

xuZ lfd;ksl~A ;h lcS Bkm¡dk _rq pØvuqlkj NqÍkNqÍS iztkfrdk

?kk¡l j pkjk lqjf{kr jkf[kUF;ksA ;ljh le;dks foHkktu xfj,dks

fFk;ksA xehZdks nwcks xehZek uS mfezUNA rj o�kkZ ;keek ;ks

vadqfjUuA dksnks vkfndks pkjk c[kkZdks i;kZIr ikuhek [kMk

gqUNA

Lokeh j lsodLokeh j lsodLokeh j lsodLokeh j lsodLokeh j lsod

Xkkm¡dks ijEijkek O;fäxr j lkoZtfud lEifrykbZ lw{e

rfjdkys foHkktu xfj,dks fFk;ksA lkoZtfud lEifrdk fufEr

xkm¡ek ,mVk �kCndks pyu fFk;ks ^�kkeykr nsg*A ;ks Qkjlh

�kCn �kkfey j nsgkrckV feysj cusdks gksA ;ldks vFkZ Li�V

N&tlek iwjS xkm¡ gksl~A �kkfCnd vFkZckgsd ;lek lkjk xkm¡

lsod Hk,j dke xusZN HkUus Hkkouk ifu vUrfuZfgr fFk;ksA

Lokeh j lsoddks Hkwfedkek dquS pwd gquq gq¡nSuA ;lSys

R;gk¡ cMks O;ofLFkr fu;eg: cukb,dk gqUFksA rj R;l fu;eek

J)kys igjk fnUF;ksA n.Mdks fo/kku ifu t#j fFk;ksA rj

^�kkeykr nsg* dks js[kns[k J)kek fVdsdks fFk;ksA ;ldks cMks

lqUnj mnkgj.k N% dqjkM xkm¡A

dqjkM xkm¡ek iqjkuks ijEijkdks fglkcys ,mVk Bwyks

xkSpjudks j[kokjh gq¡nS NA ;lek u r [kkYMks N u r rh[kk

53

rkjckj uS Nu~A u r dquS foHkkxdks pkSfdnkj uS NA xkSpju

yEck&pkSMk fFk;ksA rj R;gk¡ ,mVk ikr j gkaxk pksjh gq¡nSuA

csyk c[krek xkSpju j vksj.k ¼ou ok taxy½ dks lhekek dkj*

¼eU= tisj iwtk xjh nw/k] xksew= j xaxkty felk,j cuk,dks

rjy inkFkZ½ yxkbUNA ,mVk /kkrqys cusdks yksVkdks iha/kek

,mVk lkuks Ioky gqUNA R;l yksVkek dkj jkf[kUNA j] R;ks

ik=dks eq[kykbZ nqbZrQZ Vakfx,dks Mksjhys ck¡/ksj ;lykbZ nqbZtukys

mBkm¡Nu~A j] muhg: cMks rstys fgaM~Nu~A ;ljh xkSpjudks

lhekHkfj dkjys js[kk f[kfpUNA ;l js[kkdk ifNifN xkm¡ysg:

fgaMNu~A ekVksek iksf[kus nw/k j xaxktydks ;ks efluks /kdksZ dsgh

fNuifN lqDNA rj ;lys iwjS xkm¡dks euek vfeV Nki NksMsdks

gqUNA dkj ykxsifN tfeuek esfVldsdks rj euek f[kapsdks R;ks

vfeV js[kkdks ikyuk xnZNu~A fgtksvkt dqjkMdk ouckV

lqdsdk gk¡xkfc¡xk j Hkk¡fp,dk :[kg: dlSys ifu ckfgj yXnSuu~A

:[k dkV~us dqjks r ijS NA rj vfgys dqjkM ojijdk xkm¡ek

;ks pyu nsf[kb¡nSuA ,d le; fFk;ksA ;Lrk dkeg: dS;kSa

xkm¡ek fFk, gksyku~A

dquS ifu jkezks dke xjsifN èksjFkksj ys Fkksjcgqr vk�kk

tkXN uSA fpL;ku QSfyUNA chmdk u;k¡ tjk xkfMUN j

dksfiyk QqV~NA xzke fodkl uo e.Myys ykiksfM;kdks xkSpju

lq/kkusZ dke x¥oksA vc R;l dkedks izHkko fcLrkjS v: NsmNsmdk

xkm¡ek ifu QSfynS NA xkx#M] Mksfj;k] lhrkiqj] uxj] lgy

lkxj] egÙk xkm¡] x.ks�kiqj vkfn vusd xkm¡ek vkt pkSdk

54

i)frckV xkSpju lq/kkusZ dke Hkbjgsdks NA /kS;Z uHk,dks Hk, ;ks

dke lQy gqus fFk,uA vktHkksfy >.MS vlhoVk xkm¡g:ek ;ks

dke lQy Hkbjgsdks NA f;uhe/;s dfjc iUnzoVk xkm¡ek ;ks

dke >u~ vf?k c<sdks NA

lQyrkdks jgL;lQyrkdks jgL;lQyrkdks jgL;lQyrkdks jgL;lQyrkdks jgL;

ykiksfM;kys jkezS fodkl xjsdks fFk;ksA ;lSys v: Bkm¡ckV

dsgh ekful ;gk¡dks xkSpjudks fodkl gsuZ vk,dk fFk,A dsgh

ykiksfM;koklh ifu v: xkm¡ek R;gk¡dks xkSpju ds&dLrks N

cq>~u x,dk fFk,A vuqHkodks vknku&iznku Hk;ksA j] ;ljh ;ks

dke fcLrkjS vU; xkm¡ek ifu QSfynS x;ksA rj pkSdk cukmukys

ek= xkSpju lEgkfyUuA ;ldks lQyrkdks jgL; lkekftd

laxBufHk= vUrfuZfgr Hk,dks gqUNA LokFkhZ HkkoukckV ekfFk

umBsj ;Lrks laxBu dnkfi cUu lDnSuA

,mVk xkm¡ek xkSpjudks dke �kq# xfj;ksA R;kscsyk Fkksjcgqr

ekfulys ;ldks fojks/k xjsdk fFk,A f;uhg:ys jktuhfr j

tkfr nqoSdks [kqysj mi;ksx xjsA muhg:}kjk eU=hnsf[k rYyks

rgdk vf/kdkjhg:ykbZ Qksu xfj;ksA j] Qksuek Hkfu;ks fd dsgh

xq.Mkg: xkSpju dCtk xuZdk fufEr fodkldks Hkzked dk;ZØe

Y;k,j vk,dk Nu~A R;lifN ;ks ekfeyk vnkyrlEe iqX;ksA

rj vUrek yksd laxBu uS dke ykX;ksA ;ldks uSfrd rkxrdk

vf?k muhg: >qdsA tldks thr Hk,dks fFk;ks muhg: gkjsdk

ekfuldk vf?kfYrj >u~ c<h >qdsA ;l fouezrkys gkjthrdks

55

vUrj esVk;ksA xkm¡ fu�i{k gquqiNZ HkUus dqjk ;Lrk izl³~xys

Li�V xjsdS gqUNu~A vkjksi Nu~ Hkus /kS;Zdk lkFk frudks tk¡p

gquqiNZA j] xkSpjutLrk ekfeykek vk¶uks dkuquh ftEesokjh

tkfr j jktuhfrHkUnk ekfFk mBsj fuHkkmuqiNZA

;gk¡ ek=S dgk¡ gks j] xkSpjuckjs jkezk ekfu,dk izkUrh;

ljdkjys ifu dfri; xMcMh xjsdk Nu~A HkksVdks jktuhfrys

xnkZ xkm¡dk Hkwfeghu j nfyrdks iz�u mBk,j muhg:ykbZ

mpkfyUN] gkjthrdks liuk ns[kkbUNA j] xkSpjudks tfeu

[ksrhdk ykfx ck¡Msj L;koklh yqV~us dke xfjUNA detksj

oxZdk xkbZcLrq vkf[kj puZ dgk¡ tkus\ ;lckjs ns�kdks usrRo

oxZys ifu cq>~uqiNZA xkSpju fodkldks ykHk ;Lrk ifjokjys

ifu mBkmu ikm¡Nu~ HkUus dqjks ykiksfM;k j R;l ofjifjdk

xkm¡ysdks iôk vuqHko NA ;lSys vc jktLodk vf/kdkjhys

fcLrkjS ;l {ks=dks xzke fodkl ;kstukek xkSpjuykbZ ifu

è;ku fn,j LFkku fnu Fkkysdk Nu~A

vc ljdkjys ifu ykiksfM;kdks xkSpjudks ;l dk;ZykbZ

vkn�kZ dk;Z ekusdks NA j] ;gk¡ckV dsgh flDudk fufEr

vfèkdkjhg: vkbjgUNu~A j] ljdkjh ifj;kstukek ;LrS dk;ZØe

jk[us dqjk mBkbjgsdk Nu~A ;ks dke ljdkjh mPpLrjek cUus

uhfrek lesr izHkko ijsdks nsf[kUNA ;lykbZ vfudky jkgrek

ifu lekos�k xfjnS NA ;lykbZ ljdkjdks xfjch gVkmus

dk;ZØeek ifu tksfM,dks NA

56

ykiksfM;kdks ;ks lQy iz;ksx gksA ;lys v: dqjkek ifu /

;ku lkjsdks NA lu~ ���� nsf[k ns�kdks vk/kk HkwHkkxek vfudky inSZ

NA vusd HkwHkkxek vkSlrHkUnk vk/kk j dghadgha r ;lHkUnk ifu

de ikuh ijsdks NA ;ks ,mVk Hk;kud ifjfLFkfr gksA ;l ifjfLFkfrykbZ

lkeuk xuZdk fufEr vusdkusd laLFkkg: vf?k ljsdk Nu~A j]

f;udks izHkkockV ljdkjys c[kkZdks ty l³~xzgdk fufEr vusd

izdkjdk ;kstukg: cuk,dks NA ljdkjys rh ;kstukg:] iwjk

xuZdk ykfx dne pkysdks NA xzkeh.k bykdkek iqjkuk iks[kjh

ejEer xusZ j u;k¡ iks[kjh cukm¡usfrj ifu mldks /;ku x,dks NA

xkSpju j vfudky fuokj.kxkSpju j vfudky fuokj.kxkSpju j vfudky fuokj.kxkSpju j vfudky fuokj.kxkSpju j vfudky fuokj.k

iks[kjhdks ikuh r jksDuSiNZA ;ldk lkFkS ;l mÌs�;ykbZ

vf?k c<kmudk ykfx xkSpjurQZ ifu /;ku fnuqiNZA xkSpjudks

fodklys ;gh dke fldk,dks NA ;lys nqbZ rfjdkys

vfudkyflr yM~u fldkm¡NA xkm¡ek iks[kjhHkUnk xkSpjudks

{ks=Qy /ksjS gqUNA ;gk¡ ,mVk c[kkZ ;keek �&� bUp ikuh

,mVk Bwyks HkwHkkxckV rhoz osxys cxsj [ksj tkUF;ksA rj pkSdk

i)frys xnkZ ,mVk dquksnsf[k vdksZ dqukslEe fcLrkjS Hkwfeek uS

R;ks ikuh jfgjgUNA ;ljh ;lys HkwtyykbZ mBkmus dke

xnZNA R;gk¡dks lqD[kk tfeudks isV HkfjUNA ;ljh isV Hkjsj

,lys R;ldks I;kl cq>km¡NA j] jkezks fplkudk dkj.k xkSpjuek

?kk¡ldks njh fcNkmus dke xfjUNA ;lckV vfudkyflr yM~udk

fufEr ikuh ifu jgUNA j] R;gk¡ xkbZcLrqdk ykfx i;kZIr ?kk¡l

ifu HkbjgUNA

57

;fr[ksj ykiksfM;kek dfjc nqbZ l;oVk ?kjg: Nu~A R;gk¡dks

cLrh j [ksrek xjh tEek ��� oVk dqokg: Nu~A f;uek i;kZIr

ikuh NA ;ldks iz;ksx [ksrh xuZ j gfj;ks pkjkdk fufEr

xfjUNA v: xkm¡ek vfudkydk csyk ckfgjckV lqD[kk pkjk

Y;kmuqinZF;ks vFkok xkbZcLrqykbZ jkgr f�kfojek iBkmuqinZF;ksA

ykiksfM;kdk gjsd ?kjys vk¶uk [ksrdk vk/kk ok ,d fc?kkek

xkbZcLrqdk fufEr gfj;ks pkjk mCtkmNu~A ;ldks lqj{kk xuZ

dfjc pkj&ik¡p bUp ekVksdks i[kkZy ifu cukbUNA ;lek

dqokdks ikuh Hkjsj flapkb xfjUNA vfudkydk csyk ;gk¡dk

[ksrek gfj;ks ckyh ns[ksj ekful vpEe iNZu~A ;ldks uftdS

ekVksdks fdYyktLrks tfeuek xk<k jaxdks pkjk ns[ksj tks dksgh

ifu fruNd iNZu~A

ykiksfM;kek ifluk cxk,j xkSpj j iks[kjhek ikuh jksDus

dke xfj,dks NA ;lys R;l xkm¡ykbZ gfj;ks&Hkfjyks cuk,dks

NA j] R;gk¡ gfj;kyh Nk,dks NA ;ldks jax ekfuldk euek

ifu ns[u lfdUNA ;gh dke xuZdk fufEr dsgh o�kZ ifgys

R;gk¡ la?k�kZ xfj,dks fFk;ksA vkUnksyu pykb,dks fFk;ksA ;h lc

vU;= ifu xuZq t#jh N HkUus dqjk ykiksfM;koklhdk euek NA

xkm¡ysdks eu gfj;ks&Hkfj;ks gquqiNZA ;ks dke vkuUn j lg;ksxdks

txek Hk,dks gquqiNZA fgtksvkt ykiksfM;kdk ekfulys xkSpjdks

ijEijkckjs iqjkuk fcflZ,dk dqjkg: tEek xnSZ Nu~A muhg:ys

iqjkuk fu;e j dkbnk lfE>nS Nu~] cq>~nS Nu~A f;uhykbZ Qsfj

nksgks¥ofmuq t#jh N fd NSu ;lckjs R;gk¡ ijh{k.k gq¡nS NA

58

xksgn% dMk vuq�kkluxksgn% dMk vuq�kkluxksgn% dMk vuq�kkluxksgn% dMk vuq�kkluxksgn% dMk vuq�kklu

xkSpj HkUus �kCn xkbZ j xkscjykbZ dsUnzek jk[ksj cukb,dks

gksA rj xkSpjek xkbZxks#ckgsd m¡V] HksMkck[kzk ifu puZ lDNu~A

R;gk¡ fNesdh xkm¡dk xkbZcLrqykbZ puZ izfrcU/k yxkb,dks NA

;ldks lks>ks dkj.k NA R;ks gks fNesdh xkm¡dk xkbZcLrq v:dks

xkSpjuek puZ utkÅu~ Hkuh R;gk¡dk ekfulys esgur xuSZiNZA

,mVk xkm¡dk xkbZcLrq ,d lheklEe v:dk xkSpjuek puZ

tku lDnSuu~A ;ldks jkezks mnkgj.k jktLFkkudks Hkjriqjek

ikbUNA ;l {ks=dks ,mVk Bkm¡dks uke xksgn NA HkfuUN

;gk¡lEe Jh d�.k vk¶uk xkbZcLrq pjkmu vkmu lDFksA rj

R;lifN mudks gn vFkkZr~ lhek lekIr gqUF;ksA gkezks lektys

vk¶uS fdfledks i�kq iky~us O;oLFkk xjsdks fFk;ksA ;l O;oLFkkek

rhu yksddk Lokeh Hkxoku Jhd�.kdk fufEr ifu lk/kkj.k

xksBkyks>Sa dMk vuq�kklu j fu;e ykxw xfj,dks fFk;ksA

;ks xkSpjudks O;oLFkk vk¶uks fNesdh j v: xkm¡dk

vko�;drkykbZ /;kuek jk[ksj cukb,dks fFk;ksA ckfgjdk

xkbZcLrqdk cFkku xkm¡dks xkSpjckV tku lDFksA rj muys

v:dk xkSpjuek pjsj R;lykbZ mtkM~u uldwu~ ;lckjs lkoèkkuh

viukmus xfjUF;ksA muhg: R;gh ckVks Hk,j tku lDFks]

puZ lDFksA R;gk¡ Hk,dks ikuh fimu lDFksA rj ykeks le;lEe

puZ j R;gh xkm¡dks [ksrek clkmudk fufEr lgefr fyuqinZF;ksA

;l clkb¡dks vFkZ fFk;ks fd [ksrek ckyh dkfVldsifN rh

59

xkbZcLrq R;gk¡ cpsdk BqVkek puZ lDnFksA ;ljh [ksrek xkbZcLrq

cLukys R;gk¡ cdkSZayk] xkscj j ew=ckV ewY;oku izk³~xkfjd ey

izkIr gqUF;ksA

i�kqikyd [kkl xjh HksMs xksBkykg: BwykBwyk HksMkdk

cFkkudk lkFk vyx ekSleek vyx&vyx ckVks gq¡nS ?kqfejgUNu~A

f;udks vkmus&tkus uD�kk ckyh dVkbdks fHkÙks ik=ksflr tksMsj

cukb,dks gqUF;ksA l;kSa&gtkjkSa HksMkg: ,d Bkm¡ek pFksZA j]

R;gk¡dks pkjk flf),ifN vdksZ Bkm¡ek tkUFksA j] R;gk¡dks [kkyh

[ksrek clsj xkbZcLrqdks eyew=ckV jkezks ?kjsyq ey r;kj xfjUF;ksA

fdlku j HksMk ikydchp lUrqfyr lEcU/k fFk;ksA vfgysdk

u;k¡ ckyh j fHkÙks ik=ksys xnkZ R;ks lEcU/k VqfVldsdks NA j]

R;gh vuqikrek ;h nqbZ leqnk;chp Hk;adj ruko ifu nsf[knS

NA e/; izns�k j jktLFkkudks nkslk¡/kek gjsd o�kZ f;uhg:chp

>Mi ifu gqu Fkkysdks NA ;ks nq%[kn ifjfLFkfr gksA j] ;ks

fLFkfr lqLr&lqLr jktLFkkuek ifu luZ ykxsdks NA

ykiksfM;kek xkSpju laj{k.k vkUnksyu Hk;ksA j] ;ldks

foLrkj v: xkm¡ek ifu l¥oksA ;lckV ,mVk dqjks izLV NA

R;ks gks ckfgjh �k=qflr yM~uq vis{kkdr de dfBu dke gksA

rj vk¶uS ekful] xkm¡] ukrkxksrkflr yM~uqi¥oks Hkus dsgh vdSZ

fdfledks ijh{kk vxkfM rsflZUNA ;lek la?k�kZdks Lo:i] fojksèk

xusZ ukjk] /kukZ j] tqyqlHkUnk ekfFk mB~uqiNZA vkQwykbZ lq/kknSZ

60

xkm¡ykbZ lq/kkuqZiNZA lcSykbZ ekfyd cukm¡nS muhg:ek lsoddks

Hkkouk ifu vkmuqiNZA ;ljh ,d u ,dfnu yMkdqg: ifu

lsoddks Hkwfedkek vkmuSiNZA

fgtksvkt ykiksfM;kdks tyLrj c<sdks NA ;lSys R;gk¡dk

ekfulys ,dnqbZ fc?kkek gfj;ks pkjk izkIr xnSZ Nu~A ;ks dquS

NksVks vof/kdks ckyh gksbuA R;gk¡ ckgzSekl vFkkZr~ ��� fnu uS

,d eu pkjk fufDyUNA ;ks Lo;aek ,mVk Bwyks miyfC/k gksA

R;ks ifu ;Lrks xkm¡ek tgk¡ vfudky ijsdks NSBkSa lky Hk,dks

NA

BksØkdk dS;kSa rhjg:BksØkdk dS;kSa rhjg:BksØkdk dS;kSa rhjg:BksØkdk dS;kSa rhjg:BksØkdk dS;kSa rhjg:

fdlkuys i�kqikyu xnkZ dfri; dqjkdks /;ku xuZqinZNA

gkeh ,dS fdfledks Hkkstu xnkZ&xnkZ fefPNUNkSA ;LrS xkbZcLrqek

ifu gqUNA xkm¡ lektys f;uhg:ykbZ o�kZHkfj NqÍkNqÍS rfjdkys

pkjk fnus fHkÙks ik=ks O;ofLFkr :iys cuk,dks fFk;ksA xkbZcLrq

pusZ Bk¡m tLrS pksbyh j chM ¼xkSpj ok pju½ r R;gk¡ fFk, uSA

;lckgsd fdlkudk vk¡xuek pkjk jk[us Hkq[kkjk j Hkqfj;k ¼;h

nqoS pkjk lqjf{kr jk[udk fufEr cukb,dk fo�ks�k fdfledk

Bkm¡g: gqu~½ cukb¡nS vk,dks NA Hkq[kkjk lkrvkB gkr pkSMk

;fr uS vXyks j ipkl&lkBh gkr yEckbdks ,mVk dPpk <k¡pk

gqUNA ;lek rhl&pkyhl Vªkyh pkjk o�kZHkfjdk fufEr tEek

xfjUNA ,d Vªkyhek dfjc �� eu gqUNA Hkq[kkjkek dkVsdks

61

pkjk tEek xfjUNA ;ks tqusyks] Tokj j xgq¡ vkfn dkVsdk Mk¡B

j HkqlckV cukbUNA ;l <k¡pkek yEckbokyk fgLlkek nqbVk

Iokyg: gqUNu~A f;uykbZ [kksysj vko�;d pkjk fudkfyUNA

�ks�k o�kZHkfjdk fufEr lqjf{kr jkf[kUNA Hkqfj;kek fl³yk pkjk

tEek xfjUNA ;ldks vkdkj dfjc �� QqV m¡pkb j �� QqV

pkSMkb gqUNA ;lek BqVkykbZ [kqyk vkdk�keqfu jkf[kUNA f;uykbZ

fo�ks�k:iys tekb,dks gqUNA ufHkTus j udqfgus rfjdkys ekfFknsf[k

rylEe R;gh pkjkckV i[kkZy cukb,dks gqUNA ;lfHk= ,d

Fkksik ikuh iLnSuA ;l O;oLFkkdk ek/;eys xkbZcLrqykbZ iwjS

o�kZlEe lkoZtfud LFkkudk vfrfjDr ?kjek ifu ikSf�Vd [kqjkd

izkIr HkbjgUNA mi;qZä <k¡pkckgsd ,mVk vdksZ <k¡pk ifu

cukbUF;ksA R;ldks ukm¡ ckxj ¼pkjk jk[kus Bkm¡ ok pkjk cSad½

fFk;ksA Hkkjr LorU= gquqvf?k ;ks <k¡pk pyu pYrhek fFk;ksA

O;oLFkkid j fj;klrdks jktikB x,ifN ;ldks pyu ifu

gjk;ksA

ckxjdks lqj{kkdk fufEr rkjckj yxkbUF;ksA ;ks dfjc ��

gkr pkSMkb] �� gkr yEckb j �� gkr m¡pkb ?kk¡lys cukb,dks

gqUF;ksA dfgysdk¡gh vkxks vkfndks nq?kZVuk Hk;ks Hkus ifu cLrhek

[kjkc vlj iuqZ gq¡nSuA ;lSys ;lykbZ xkm¡dks izeq[k vkoknhHkUnk

vfy ijS cukbUF;ksA ;l O;oLFkkek dquS igjsnkj gqUuF;ksA j]

;lykbZ dlSdks futh lEifr ekfUuuF;ksA ;lykbZ iwjS xkm¡

feysj gsjpkg xnZFksA

62

ckxj ,d fdfledks pkjk cSad uS fFk;ksA ;ks cSad ladVdks

csykek [kqYnF;ks] j] ;fr[ksj tfr pkjk fybUN R;fr ifN jkezks

ckyh Hk,ifN R;lykbZ dks�kek tEek xfjUF;ksA ckxjdks dks�kckV

pkjk fyuscsyk rjktqys rkSfynSuF;ksA ;ks O;oLFkk xkm¡dks vk¶uS

O;oLFkk fFk;ksA j] ;ks O;oLFkk vk¶uS ekfuldk fufEr cukb,dks

fFk;ksA rSifu pkjk fyus j fnuscsyk eksVkeksVh fglkc jkf[kUF;ks

uSA ;ldk fufEr QsVkdks mi;ksx xfjUF;ksA izfrifjokjykbZ

lkr gkrdks QsVkek tfr vV~N R;fr uS pkjk fnbUF;ksA R;lek

tfr iksdk ikfjUF;ks R;fr iksdk vukt ifN fQrkZ xuqZinZF;ksA

BksØkdk dS;kSa rhjg: gqUNu~ vFkkZr~ ;lek FkqizS dqjkg: ifu

gqUFksA vfudkyflr yM~udk fufEr xkm¡ek ;Lrks O;oLFkk xfj,dks

fFk;ksA ;l O;oLFkkek pkjkdks O;oLFkk r fFk;ks uSA

[kkbZ ¼[kkYMks½ j vfudky[kkbZ ¼[kkYMks½ j vfudky[kkbZ ¼[kkYMks½ j vfudky[kkbZ ¼[kkYMks½ j vfudky[kkbZ ¼[kkYMks½ j vfudky

;LrS ladVdks ?kMh ikj xuZdk fufEr vUu Hk.Mkj xusZ

O;oLFkk ifu xfj,dks fFk;ksA ;ldk ykfx [kkbZ ¼vUu Hk.Mkj

xusZ ,d fdfledks lqD[kk dqoktLrks [kkYMks½ ukm¡ xjsdks ,mVk

<k¡pk cukbUF;ksA ;ks O;oLFkk fj;klrifN iw.kZr% yksi Hkbldsdks

NA ;lek vUu Hk.Mkj xjsj vUu lqjf{kr jkf[kUF;ksA gjsd [kkbZ

¼vUu Hk.Mkj xusZ ,d fdfledks lqD[kk dqoktLrks [kkYMks½

yxHkx �� nsf[k ��gkr xfgjks j � gkrdks O;kldks xksykb

gqUF;ksA ;ks xksykb ryckV ekfFk vkm¡nk lkafxfjanS tkUF;ksA vfu

ekVksdks <ôu cuk,j [kkbZ dks eq[k cUn xfjbUF;ksA R;lifN

R;lek vukt jkf[kUF;ksA ;Lrk[kkbZg: ¼lqD[kk dqoktLrk

63

[kkYMkg:½ vfy vXyk Bkm¡ek cukbUFksA rkfd c[ksZ ikuh j

fplkuys R;lykbZ fcxkuZ uldwu~A [kkbZfHk= cMks lko/kkuhiwoZd

xkscj j ekVksys fyfiUF;ksA vUuek dhMk uykxksl~ Hkusj Fkksjcgqr

[kjkuh felkbUF;ksA ;lSys HkUuSiNZ] ;ks ,mVk oSKkfud dke uS

fFk;ksA

Hkkjr LorU= gquqvf?k ykiksfM;kek chloVk [kkbZg: ¼lqD[kk

dqoktLrk [kkYMk½ fFk,A ckyhukyh lfiz;ks Hkus gjsd ?kjckV

fuf�pr vukt [kU;k,j cUn xfjUF;ksA xkm¡dk [kkbZg:

uHk#Utsy ,d xsMk vUu ifu ckfgj csPu ikb¡nSuF;ksA f;uek

rhu o�kZlEe vUu lqjf{kr jkf[kUF;ksA ;fr csyklEe vfudky

ijsu Hkus fdlkudks vUu fQrkZ xfjUF;ksA vfudky ifj uS

gkY;ks Hkus R;ks [kksfyUF;ksA vfudkydks ladV i;zks Hkus xkm¡dk

nqbZoVk iVsy j O;oLFkkiddks ,mVk lkuks cSBd clsj [kkbZ

[kksYus fu.kZ; rq#Ur xfjUF;ksA R;lifN izR;sd ?kjifjokjdks

vko�;drk gsjsj ,difN vdksZ [kkbZ [kqYnS jgUF;ksA vfu] vukt

forj.kdks dke gqus xF;ksZA lkekU;r% izfrifjokjykbZ izfrefguk

,d eu vUu ck¡fMUF;ksA vfudky flf),ifN Qly lfiz;ks

Hkus f;uS ifjokjckV pkyhl fdyksdks lkVks ipkl fdyks vUu

fQrkZ xjsj [kkbZek lqjf{kr jkf[kUF;ksA

Xkkm¡dk chl [kkbZ ¼vUu Hk.Mkj xusZ lqD[kk dqok½ e/;s

pkjoVk O;oLFkkiddks x<fHk= fFk,A �ks�k ��oVk xkm¡dks

lkoZtfud LFkkuek cukb,dk fFk,A rh ��oVkdks lqj{kkdks

64

ftEesokjh frudks vf?k iusZ ?kjdks gqUF;ksA ;h ifjokj lcS tkfr

j lcS fdfledk vkfFkZd fLFkfr Hk,dk gqUFksA ,mVk [kkbZ efUnj

vf?kfYrj fFk;ksA ;ldks j[kokjh Lo;a iqtkjhys uS xnZFksA Hkxokudks

iwtk xnkZ Hkä j xkm¡dks ifu iwtk xfjUF;ksA x<fHk= pkjoVk

[kkbZ jk[uqdks [kkl dkj.k fFk;ksA tLrks fd dquS geykek

xkm¡dk [kkbZg:ek vkxks yxkb;ks Hkus dels de x<dk pkjoVk

[kkbZ lqjf{kr jgu lDyku~A fgtksvkt Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxetLrks

O;oLFkkys xkm¡dks vUu ckfg¥of,j fudS Vk<k �kgjek tEek

xnZNA rj ladVdks ?kMhek R;lykbZ xkm¡ek fQrkZ xuZ lDnSuA

[kkbZ [kk| lqj{kkdks /ksjS jkezks izcU/k fFk;ksA

xkSpjdks izlknxkSpjdks izlknxkSpjdks izlknxkSpjdks izlknxkSpjdks izlkn

ykiksfM;k nqbZ l;oVk ?kjg: Hk,dks ,mVk lkuks xkm¡ gksA

fgtksvkt ;l xkm¡ys i�kqikyu j [ksrhckjhchp fcfxzldsdks

lEcU/kykbZ tksMsdks NA ;lys ,mVk BwyS dke xnSZ NA � o�kZdks

vfudkyifN vfgys ;gk¡ i;kZIr nw/k mRiknu gq¡nS NA ;lykbZ

ifu lUrqyu xjsj jkf[k,dks NA vkQwykbZ pkfgus nw/k jk[ksj

ck¡dh t;iqjdks Msjh QkeZek fnbUNA vfudkyifN ifu R;gk¡dks

nw/k Msjh QkeZdk dsUnzg:ek tEek xfjb¡nS NA R;ksHkUnk ek=k j

xq.koÙkkek ifu T;knk ykiksfM;kckV tEek gqUNA ;l xkm¡ek

�kq) pkjk ikbUNA ;gk¡ tqusyks] cktjk] Tokj j gfj;ks ?kk¡likr

mRiknu xnkZ jlk;fud ey j dhVuk�kd vkS�k/kh fcydqyS

iz;ksx xfjUuA ;lSys vktHkksfy ;gk¡ �kq) nw/k ikbUNA ;gk¡

65

jkezjh lfiz,dks ckyukyh ykXNA j gjsd ?kjdks uftdS Hkqfj;k

¼;ks ifu pkjk l³~xzgdk fufEr cukb,dks gqUNA tLrS dkBek.Mwek

xkbZcLrqys [kkus ijky jk[ksdks Bkm¡ykbZ dqfum¡ HkfuUN½A dlSdks

?kjek èksjS Hkwfj;kg: ¼pkjk jk[us Bkm¡½ ifu ukb,dks gqUNA

;lek ckyh dkfVldsifN cpsdk BqVk pkjkdks :iek l³~xzg

xfjUNA j] vkbiusZ ladVdks csyk ;ldks mi;ksx gqus xNZA

ykiksfM;kys iks[kjhg: r cpk,dS NA ;ldk lkFkS ;l

xkm¡ys xkSpj ifu lEgkysj jk[ksdks NA j] ;h nqoS feysj vFkkZr~

iks[kjh j xkSpj feysj ykiksfM;kykbZ cpk,dk Nu~A fgtksvkt

xkm¡dks I;kl esfVldsdks NA R;gk¡ � o�kZlEe yxkrkj vfudky

ijsdks fFk;ksA rSifu vfgys R;l xkm¡dks pkjSfrj gfj;kyh NA

dksbyhdks e/kqj xhr lqfuUNA lkekU; pjkpq#³~xhg:dks vlkèkkj.k

fpjfcj ifu R;frdS NA

ykiksfM;kdk xYyh] lMd j pkSddks ukm¡ dquS tuuk;ddk

ukm¡ek jkf[k,dks NSuA xkm¡ek dghadrS xkU/khthdk vkn�kZykbZ

ewrZ:i fnus iz;Ru gq¡nS NA xkm¡dk iqjkuk >S>xMk vkilek

dqjkdkuh xjsj lekIr xfjb¡nS NA j R;gk¡dk ekfulg:ykbZ

izgjh j dpgjhdks pôj yxkmuqinSZuA c# muhg: gjsd

pkMioZek fefytqyh ukPNu~&xkm¡Nu~ j vchj [ksYus xNZu~A

xkm¡ek ujfl³~xk] <ksy] j uxkMkdks vkokt lqUu ikbUNA

HkUuqinkZ] R;gk¡ vkuUndks o�kkZ Hkbjgsdks NA rSifu ;Lrks csykek

R;l xkm¡dk cqtzqx jkedj.k nknk] dkyq nknk] nknk jkedj.k

66

ekek j frudk nkslzks iqLrkdk ;qok&;qorhg: dquS ifu fnu

vklikldk j Vk<k xkm¡g:ek x,dks Fkkgk ikbusNA rkfd

R;gk¡ ifu ykiksfM;k tLrS iks[kjh rFkk xkSpjdks izlkn vkuUnys

ck¡M~u lfd;ksl~A ykiksfM;kek vly fopkjckV vly dkeg:dks

Jhx.ks�k Hkbldsdks NA

67

�-�-�-�-�-

Hkk�kk j i;kZoj.kHkk�kk j i;kZoj.kHkk�kk j i;kZoj.kHkk�kk j i;kZoj.kHkk�kk j i;kZoj.k

ifgys lektdks i;kZoj.k fcfxzUN fd Hkk�kk\ ;lykbZ cq>sj]

gkeh vf?k cf<ldsdk NkSaA gkeh ^fodflr* Hkbldsdk NkSaA

Hkk�kk Hkusdks ftczks ek=S gksbuA Hkk�kk vFkkZr~ eu j efLr�d

ifu gksA eu j efLr�d ,mVk leqnk;flr lEcfU/kr gq¡nSuA c#

f;uys ,mVk Bwyks leqnk;ykbZ vksxVsdk gqUNu~A f;uys vk¶uks

ojijdks j Vk<kdk lcS nqfu;k¡nkjhykbZ tk¡psj&cq>sj O;ogkj

xusZ laLdkj lgt:iys viukmus xNZu~A ;h laLdkjg: Fkksjcgqr

lektdks ekVks] ikuh j gkokek vadqfjr gqus xNZu~] QYNu~&QqYNu~A

dquS vksbyk, Hkus ifu frudk lqdsdk ikr R;gha >NZu~A j] R;gha

ekVksek ey r;kj gqUN vFkkZr~ vlQyrkdk Bksôjdks vuqHkockV

ifu lektys dsgh u;k¡ dqjk flfdjgsdks gqUNA

rj dfgysdk¡gh dsgh ekfuldks efLr�d vfydfr Hk, ifu

Qsfju FkkYNA ;l efLr�dys Qsfj vk¶uks Hkk�kk ifu cnYNA j]

;ks cnfy,dks Hkk�kk dlSykbZ FkkgS gqUuA lektdk ltx ekfuus

ekfuldks ifu dku BkMks gqu ikm¡nSuA ;ldks fo�ys�k.k j

68

vkykspuk r ijSdks dqjks gksA ;lykbZ dquS lqCck ok [kjnkj

lesrys nrkZ xjsdks nsf[knSuA

fgtksvktdk ekfuldks efLr�d cnfy,dks NA ;gh dkj.k

ifNYyk ��&�� o�kZ ;rk fgUnh Hkk�kkdks ,mVk BwyS tUrh

vk,dks NA tUrhg: ,dls ,d Nu~A rj lcHkUnk ifgys nqygk

jktkykbZ gsfjUNA nqygk gks& fodkl* ukm¡ xjsdks �kCnA vktdks

vFkZek ifgyksiYV ;ks �kCn fgUnhek dfgys fefl;ks ;ldks Bhd

bfrgkl Fkkgk NSu ¼lu~ �� dks n�kdek ;ldks iz;ksx �kq#

Hk,dks ekfuUN½A rj ;l �kCnys i;kZoj.kykbZ fudS vuFkZ xjsdks

NA lk;n R;fr vuFkZ v: dquS �kCnckV xfj,dks gksykA

^fodkl* �kCnys efLr�d cnY;ksA vfu R;lys vuxUrh vaxdk

rjax Fkkeus dke x¥ofssA v³~xzst vkmuqvf?k lektdk vaxg:dks

ckdkbnk jkt fFk;ksA ;ks fHkUu ^fodkldks vo/kkj.kk*dk dkj.k

;gk¡dk ekful vkfnoklh Hkfuu FkkysA u;k¡ efLr�d}kjk u;k¡

ns�k fodkldks uD�kk dksfj;ksA R;lek /ksjStlks bykdkg: iNkSVs*

�kCnys jaxkb,A i~p o�khZ; ;kstukg: cUu ykxsA rj fruys

ifu dsgh Qkjsuu~A ;LrS fiNfM,dk bykdkdk lEiUurk] ou]

[kfut j Qykeys vifj�dr ns�kdk vxqok ekfu,dk dsgh

HkwHkkx fVdsdktLrk nsf[kUNu~A

dsgh eqV~BhHkj ekful ns�kdks lokZ³~xh.k fodkl xuZ tqVsdk

Nu~A xzke fodkl] cky fodkl] efgyk fodkltLrk lcSdks

ykbu ykxsdS NA

69

rj ;ldk fufEr vkQwys vkQSaykbZ fpUuqiNZA lektykbZ

cq>~uq ifu R;fÙkdS t#jh NA ;lykbZ ucq>h fodkl xuqZ

Hkusdks fofp= j mÙkkmyks ek=S BgfjusNA rj vkt ;lSek

lcSdks xtcdks loZlEefr Hk,dks ikbUNA jktuhfrd ny]

ljdkj] lkekftd laLFkk] /kkfeZd laxBu ok oxZ la?k�kZ lcdk

lc ;gh fodkldks dkeek ykfxijsdk Nu~A f;uhg:ykbZ ;lSek

xoZ NA ;ks u;k¡ fodkldks ^/kuh Hkk�kk* gksA ;lys ,mVk u;k¡

js[kk f[kapsdks N&xfjchdks js[kkA rj lEiUu ekfulg:ys uS

xfjchdks ;ks js[kk f[kapsdk gqu~A muhg:ys ;l js[kkykbZ ry

>kusZ reke iz;kl xjsdS Nu~A rj muhg:ys js[kkdks ry

cLusg:ykbZ ekfFk mdkLuqdks lkVks >u~>u~ vksjkYnS Nu~A ;gh

uS rh js[kk f[kaPusg:dks xfjch gksA ;fr dqjks cq>s HkksA

i;kZoj.kdks Hkk�kk ;ks lkekftd&jktuhfrd Hkk�kkHkUnk jfÙkHkj

ifu vyx NSuA R;lykbZ fgUnh HkUuqinkZ ifu Mj ykXNA /ksjS

Hk;ks Hkus vktdks i;kZoj.kdk /ksjStlks Hkk�kk nsoukxjhek HkUu

lfdUNA jkt/kkuh fnYyhdks i;kZoj.k eU=ky;nsf[k fgUnh jkT;dk

Vksy] xkm¡lEedk fufEr i;kZoj.klEcU/kh laLFkkg: [kqysdk Nu~A

fyfidk dkj.k ;h laLFkkdk Hkk�kk dfgys i<sj lDuq! ;Lrk

lkfgR;] ys[kkb j fjiksVek vLi�V fgUnhdk �kCng: Hkfj,dk

Nu~A

dpjk ¼dPpj] ysnks] rFkk Qksgj½ �kCn j ;lckV cusdk

fofp= ;kstukg:dks pk³ uS ykxsdks NA ;l pk³ykbZ iqujkofÙk

70

ifu xuZ lfdb¡nSuA ;lckjs nqbZpkjoVk uewuk gsjs iqXNA lu~

���� HkUnk vkB&n�k o�kZ vf?klEe ns�kHkfj uS ^lkekftd

okfudh* ¼oulECkUèkh½ ukm¡ xjsdks ;kstuk pY;ksA vlkekftddk

fufEr okfudh ds gks HkUus dqjks dlSys ifu lks/ksuA ;fn ;l

�kCndks lEcU/k ouflr N Hkus gjsd xkm¡ek ;Lrk fof�k�V xzke

ou j k~rf;rh oudk fufEr HkfjHkjkm �kCnHk.Mkj] fopkj j

O;ogkjdks laxBu /ksjS le;nsf[k jfgvk,dks NA drS R;lek

FkksjS /kwyks ykX;ks Hkus drS R;ks vksbyk;ksA rj R;ks ejsuA R;fr[ksj

dquS laLFkk vf?k ljsuA fgtksvkt e#izns�kek vksj.k ¼v[;ckV

cusdks �kCn] ou ok taxy½ NA f;uhykbZ ou nsohnsmrkdk

ukm¡ek NksfMUNA drSdrS r ;Lrk taxy dS;kSa Vk<klEe QSfy,dk

Nu~A f;udks foLrkj j la[;kdks dquS O;ofLFkr tkudkjh NSuA

ekfulys vksj.kckV f>atkfetk Y;km¡nSuFksA ;ks dqjks ou foHkkxys

dYiuk ifu xuZ lDnSuA

vfudky i¥ofss Hkus rhoug: [kqyk xfjUNu~A ;lS ifu ;h

l/kSaHkfj [kqysdS gqUNu~A R;gk¡ rkjckj j i[kkZylesr yxkb,dks

gq¡nSuA rj R;gk¡dk ekfulek R;lizfr J)k j fo�okl NA f;uS

J)k j fo�okldks ?ksjk R;gk¡ ykxsdks gqUNA j] f;uSys frudks

lqj{kk j js[kns[k xnZNu~A gtkj&ckgz l; o�kZ iqjkuk vksj.k ¼ou

j taxy½ ifu R;gk¡ ikbUNu~A HkfuUN] R;gk¡ gjsd cPpkdks

ftczksek vksj.k ¼ou j taxy½ �kCn >qf.M,dks gqUNA dsgh o�kZ

vf?klEedks dqjks gksA R;fr[ksj jktLFkkudk lkekftd laLFkk j

ou fo�ks�kKykbZ ;l ijEijkckjs Fkkgk fFk,u vFkkZr~ muhg:

71

;lckjs vifjfpr j vufHkK uS fFk, vFkok tkudkjh fFk;ks Hkus

ifu R;ks �kks/kdks vUnktek dqrwgyys Hkfj,dks fFk;ksA eeRo j

viuRo gkezk ijEijk gqu~A j] ;Lrks Hkko R;ks tkudkjhek gqus

dqjS Hk,uA

;Lrks fgUnhdks lwfp ykeS NA rj dqjks yktykXnks NA

ns�kdks cUtj Hkwfedks fodkldk fufEr ,mVk ;kstuk r;kj

xfj;ksA R;ldks lkjk Hkk�kk uS cUtj fFk;ksA ljdkjys R;lek

yxHkx ��� djksM #iS;k¡ yxk,dks gksykA j] R;ks Hkwfe cUtjdks

cUtj uS jg~;ksA vfu R;ks ;kstuk fQrkZ xfj;ksA j] vfgys Qsfj

,mVk rktk ;kstuk vf?k lkfj,dks NA R;ldks ukm¡ ^tykxe

{ks= fodkl* gksA ;ks v³~xzsthdks ^okVj�ksM MsHkyiesUV* dks

fgUnh :i gksA ;lckV ykHk fyusykbZ ykHkkFkhZ HkfuUNA drS

fgrxzkgh ifu pysdS NA ;qtlZ xzqi* dks lks>ks vuqokn mi;ksxdrkZ

lewg ifu ;gk¡ NA ,dkfrj lk/ku lEiUu ;kstukg: Nu~A rj

rh lektckV dkfV,dk Nu~A fruys tulgHkkfxrk Hk,dks nkch

xnZNu~A rj turk fruckV Vkf<,dk nsf[kUNu~A vdksZfrj ikuh

j ekVksdks [ksyykbZ cq>~us lekt ifu NA R;lys ;ks [ksy [ksYu

jkezjh tkusdks NA ;ldk fufEr vkuUnnk;h fu;e] ijEijk j

laLFkkg: cukb,dk fFk,A R;lys dquS vifjfpr �kCnkoyhdks

lÍk ,mVk fcydqyS vkReh; <k¡pk r;kj xjsdks fFk;ksA

psjkiq~thek vlk/;S ikuh iNZA ;ldks mYVks tSlyesjek

dqy pkjik¡p bUp o�kkZ gqUNA rSifu rh nqoS Bkm¡ek vkuUn

72

of�kZ,dS gqUNA ekukSa ;LrS vkuUn fyus okrkoj.k r;kj xfj,dks

gqUNA fgeikrnsf[k cykSVs vk¡/khcsgjh ykXus Bkm¡ek ikuhdks dke

xfjUF;ksA muhg:dks fudS Bwyks laxBu fFk;ksA ;=ks laxBu

dljh cukb;ks gksyk \ R;ks laxBuys dfjc pkj&ik¡p yk[k

xkm¡g:ek dke xnZF;ksA R;ldks vkdkj fudS Bwyks fFk;ksA

lk¡PphdS R;ks fujkdkj Hkbldsdks fFk;ksA ;fr[ksj ikuh j

i;kZoj.klEcU/kh dke xusZ BwYBwyk laLFkkg: Nu~A f;uys R;ks

xt/kjdks laxBudks dYiuk xjsj gsjs Hk;ksA rj ^okVj�ksM

MsHkyies.V* ^tykxe {ks= fodkl* ek dke xusZ ljdkj j

laLFkkys R;ks fujkdkj laxBuykbZ ns[nSuu~A R;ks fujkdkjflr

Bksfô,j rh <Yyku~ ifuA rj fruys mlykbZ gsjsj fpUu lDnSuu~A

R;ks laxBudk fufEr iks[kjh ,mVk okVj ckMh* ek=S fFk,uA R;ks

mldks jru rykbZ fFk;ks] >qejh ryS;k fFk;ksA R;lys f;uSdks

ygjek vk¶uks iq[kkZdks Nfo ns[F;ksA rj vktdks Hkk�kk vdSZ NA

;fr[ksj r ^tykxe {ks= fodkl* ykbZ eRL; ikyuckV gqus

vkEnkuhek ifjorZu xfj,dks NA

;ljh uS unhys r ?kjek fctqyh ckYuqiusZ gksA rj fctqyhdks

cYc ucysj R;gk¡dks ikuh leqnzek fefLlnS NA j] R;ks ikuh [ksj

tk¡nS N HkUus dqjks xfjUNA ;Lrks dqjk xuqZ Hkwy gqusNA fctqyh

t#j cYuqiNZ] rj leqnzek ikuh cxkmuq ifu unhdks ,mVk

Bwyks dke gksA ;lykbZ gkezks u;k¡ Hkk�kkys fcflZanS NA leqnzrVh;

73

{ks=ek Hkwty cgr~Lrjek [kkj gqu FkkY;ks Hkus gkehykbZ unhdks

;ks Hkwfedkdks egÙo Fkkgk gqusNA

rj vktHkksfy gkezks Hkk�kk uS [kkj Hkbldsdks NA ifgys

ljy j lgt �kCndks /kkjkg:ckV R;ks ehBks cUF;ksA rh èkkjkykbZ

fcydqyS uhjl] cukoVh] i;kZoj.kh;] j ikfjfLFkfrdh;tLrk

�kCnys ck¡/us dke gq¡nS NA vk¶uS Hkk�kk vk¶uS vk¡xuek foLFkkfir

Hkbjgsdks NA R;ks vk¶uS vk¡xuek ijkbZ cUnS N] fcjkuks gq¡nS NA

74

�-�-�-�-�-lk/lk/lk/lk/lk/;] lk/ku rFkk lk/kuk;] lk/ku rFkk lk/kuk;] lk/ku rFkk lk/kuk;] lk/ku rFkk lk/kuk;] lk/ku rFkk lk/kuk

;ks �kh�kZd ur vyadkjdk fufEr gks] ur vgadkjdk fufEr

uS gksA ;gk¡ Fkqizk lkuk&Bwyk laLFkkg: Nu~A ;h laLFkkdk

l~pkyd ifu dq�ky uS Nu~] l{ke Nu~A gkehtLrk dk;ZdrkZg:

ifu NkSaA iSlk tqVkmus mnkj eu Hk,dk ns�kh&fons�kh vuqnku

fnus laLFkkg: ifu Nu~A ;h lcSys lektdk lkjk dke xnSZ

Nu~A rj okLroek f;uys ;l �kh�kZddk ;h rhuoVk �kCng:

ckjs lksPuSiusZ Hk,dks NA Hkfujguq inSZu] lk/; j lk/kuckjs r

Fkksjcgqr dqjkdkuh Hk,dS gqUNA rj ;lek lk/kuk ifu tksM~uqiusZ

NA ;fr Hk, iqXNA

dquS ifu dke xnkZ LFkkuh; lk/ku ¼vk¶uS xkm¡] cLrh j

�kgjek Hk,dk lk/ku½ tqVkmus gks ok lkr leqnzikfjckV Y;kmus

gks ;lckjs i;kZIr erHksn gqu lDNA ;lSys ;lckjs dsgh dqjk

vf?k jk[u pkgUNqA rj dels de lk/; r gkezS gquqiNZ HkUus

esjks Hkukb gksA dsgh vioknykbZ NksMkSaA izk;% ds gqUN Hkus lk/

kudks dqjks r ijS N] gkehys vk¶uks lk/; ifu ns[nSukSaA ;gk¡ lk/

; �kCnykbZ lEiw.kZ vFkZek vF;kZb,dks NA j] ;ks dkepykm

gYkqdks vFkZek ifu N] vFkkZr~ dke] y{;] dk;ZØe vkfnA

75

eSys i;kZoj.k fo�k;ek lhfer vuqHko cVqysdks NqA rlFkZ

dsgh dqjk vf?k lkuZ pkgUNqA ;l {ks=ek /ksjStlks laLFkkg:ys

dke xnSZ Nu~A rj fruys lk/; j y{;dk ekfeykek yxkrkj

g.Mj [kk¡nS Nu~A dquS c[kr i;kZoj.kdks ^�ks;j ctkj* ek

lcHkUnk mPp nke ^lkekftd okfudh* dks fFk;ksA ekfulys

v>SlEe ;lykbZ fclsZdk NSuu~ gksykA R;lks Hk, vlkekftd

okfudh ifu ds fFk;ks \ rj] ;lckjs dquS cgl upyk,j gkeh

lcS R;lek tqV~;kSaA ifN Qsfj cUtj Hkwfedks fodkldks nkSM

pY;ksA v³~xzsthek ;lykbZ ^osLV Y;k.M MsHkyies.V* HkfuUNA

^osLV Y;k.M* Hkusdks ds gks ;lckjs ifu cgl pykb,uA ;lek

vlk/;S lk/ku j le; osLV vFkkZr~ cjckn Hk;ksA ;gh lk/;ek

cUtj tfeudks fodkl xusZ lkjk mRlkg vpkud vdkyek

eR;q Hk;ksA j] ;ldks lkVks gkeh lcS vfgys okVj�ksM MsHkyiesUV*

ek jekbldsdk NkSaA ;l u;k¡ dk;ZØedks fgUnhnsf[k flU/khlEe

vuqokn Hkbldsdks NA ty xzg.k {ks= j tykxe {ks=dk �kCn

ifu pfyjgsdS Nu~A ;lSykbZ vfydfr Hk, ifu ejkBhys&^ikuyksV*

fodkl ukm¡ jk[ksdk Nu~A rj ewyr% ;h lcdk iNkfM ,mVk

fofp=dks okVj�ksM dks dYiuk xfj,dks NA

vdksZ ,mVk u;k¡ >.Mk ifu Qgjkb,dks NA R;ks >.Mkdks

ukm¡ TokbUV QkjsLV E;kustesUV* gksA ;lek ifu gkezk dgfy,dk

fgUnh izfrHkk ifN ijsdk NSuu~A ^la;qä ou izcU/k dk;ZØe*

QfyQqfyjgsdks NA ;fn gkehys vk¶uks laLFkkykbZ rYyksLrjl¡x

tksfM,dks N HkUNkSa Hkus la;qä �kCnek vkif�k gquqiNZA R;lifN

76

^lk>k* �kCnys ;lykbZ yMkbfnUNA ukm¡ tslqdS jk[ks ifu dke

;kfu lk/; oYMZ cSad gksA ;lSykbZ fgUnhek HkUuqinkZ fo�o cSadys

fu/kkZj.k xjsdks gqUNA lk/ku ifu ;LrS laLFkkg:ckV vkbjgsdk

gqUNu~A

;ks fooj.k etkd j O;aX;dks fo�k; gksbuA lk¡PphdS gkehykbZ

nq%[[k ykXuqiusZ gksA ekfufyÅ¡] u;k¡ dkedk fufEr ;fr dqjk

vko�;d i¥ofss jsA rSifu ts-,Q-,e- vFkkZr~ Tok;UV Qksjs�V

E;ksustesUVdks dke xnkZ[ksfj ;ks Tok;UVHkUnk lksyh* E;kustesUV

dldks fFk;ks\ dfr csyknsf[k fFk;ks HkUus dqjks lksPuSiF;ksZA ou

foHkkxys vk¶uks dk¡/kek ns�kHkfjdks ou izcU/kdks Hkkjh dljh

cksD;ksA R;ks Hkkjh cksdsj R;ks dljh yqMcqfM;ksA j] ;lys xnkZ

lEiw.kZ ns�kdks i;kZoj.kys dfr Bwyks ewY; pqdk;ks \ ;h ouykbZ

dqu HksxckV dfr fueZerkiwoZd fNfu;ksA j] R;ks xfoZyks ,dy

ou izcU/k \ R;=ks fons�kh vuqnkuckV lEgkfy,uA vfu ,ôkfl

la;qä izcU/kdks ;kn dljh vk;ks\ {k.kHkjdk fufEr >qÍks uS lgh

,dy ou izcU/kdg:ykbZ lkoZtfud :iek dsgh i�pkrki r

gquq uS iusZ fFk;ksA {kek ekXuqiusZ fFk;ksA ;ks r cMks xgzkSa Hkkjh N]

gkezks ,DySdks cqrkdks dqjks ;ks jgsuNA foxrdks xYrh ekQ xj]

vfydfr Hk, ifu lkFk nsÅA

HkUuSiNZ] lk/ku j lk/;dks ;ks nkSM vukSBks uS NA ;l

nkSMek ;l m/kkjhdj.kys lcS dke xnSZ NA i;kZoj.kdks lhfer

fo�k;ek tqu fLFkfr N R;gh fLFkfr lektdk vU; egÙoiw.kZ

77

foLr`r {ks=ek ifu ikbusNA efgyk fodkl] cky fodkl]

l�kfädj.k] c¡U/kqok eqfä] egktu eqfä] cky Jfed] y?kq ok

vYi cpr] iztuu LokLF;] ^xyZ pkbYM* tLrk lcS dkeek

yktenksZ :i nsf[kUNA rj gkehys Hkus vk¡[kk fpEysj f;uSykbZ

tInS NkSaA

;qjksi j vesfjdkdks lkekftd VDlkyek dsgh �kCn j

flôk <kfyUNA rh R;gk¡ pyksl~ ok upyksl~] rj gkehdgk¡ Hkus

rh pfyjgsdS Nu~A ;he/;s dsgh egÙoiw.kZ ekfu,dk dke ifu

Nu~A f;uykbZ xuSZiusZ gqUNA ;ks lEHko gqus dqjks ifu gksA rSifu

gkeh lcSdks /;ku ;h dkeek ifgys fdu x,u\ gkehys ;fr

dqjks r lksPuSiusZ gksA

Lkkekftd dkelEcU/kh �ks;j ctkj* pYnS NA ;l dkeek

lkekftd laLFkk j ljdkj nqoSdks xtcdks le>nkjh j lgHkkfxrk

Hk,dks ikbUNA dsUnznsf[k jkT;Lrjdk lcS fopkj/kkjkdk nydk

ljdkjdks ;lckjs loZlEefr Hk,dS NA fo�o cSadys gjsd efgukek

@00 iUukdks ,mVk cqysfVu fudkYNA ;lek foxr efgukek

lcS ns�kdk ljdkjykbZ fnb,dks _.kdks foLrr csgksjk fnb,dks

gqUNA ;lykbZ gsuqZgksl~] Myj fopkjdks djsUlhek cnysdks N

HkUus iôk fo�okl gqusNA

lcS fcfdldsdk Nu~ HkUus dqjks ifu gksbuA ;l ofÙkl¡x

yM~us ekful ifu Nu~A rj dS;kSaiVd [ky uk;dflr

78

yM~nk&yM~nS gkezk uk;d ifu R;LrS cfugkYNu~~A vfgys ,mVk

iqLrkys ladVdky ¼Hkkjrek izèkkuea=h bfUnzjk xkU/khys lu~

@%tqu] !(&%ek yxk,dks ladVdky½ ykbZ fclsZdks NSuA R;ksflr

yMsj&ftrsj gkezk Js�B uk;dg: lÙkkek vk,A R;lifN

muhg:ys loZO;kih is; dksdkdksykykbZ y[kVsj Hkxk,dk fFk,A

;ldks lkVks R;LrS jax j R;LrS cksÙkyek R;fr uS ifjek.k vFkkZr~

vfydfr ikuh Hkjsj R;ldks ukm¡ dksdkdksyk cnysj �� ¼lrgÙkj

gksbu½ Mcy lsHksu ¼77½ jk[ks& ladVdkydks ekè;eys LefrykbZ

lektdks euek LFkk;h :i fnu! ;kfu gkehflr dfBu le;ykbZ

lfE>us ;ksHkUnk lftyks mik; v: dsgh fFk,uA HkSxks] ;ks ifu

BhdS N] Lohdkj NA d�Vdk fnuykbZ euksjUtu j �khry

is;dk ek/;eys Lej.k xfjus uS Hk;ksA

gkehys R;lykbZ ifu fVdkmu ldsukSaA Mcy lsHksu

MqC;ksA rh ukbdsg: ifu MqcsA Qsfj dksdkdksyk fQrkZ vk;ksA

;fr[ksj ;ks ifgysHkUnk ifu T;knk tks�kdk lkFk vk;ksA gkezk

Mqcsdk ukbdsg: Qsfj QdsZA ;ks la;ksx uS gksA ;ks izl³~x

lgvfLrRodks ,mVk lqUnj mnkgj.k gksA gkezk vf?kfYrj Fkqizk

dkeg: Nu~A lk/kudks cglys gkehykbZ lk/;] y{; j dk;ZØe

[kksTu ulfdus Bkm¡ek iq¥okmusNA ,diYV lk/;ykbZ cq>~;kSa

Hkus ckfgjdk lk/ku ifu R;lrQZ eksfMu lDNA lk/; vk¶uks

Hk;ks Hkus lk/ku ifu ,d,d xjh tqV~nS tkusNu~A

;lckjs ,mVk lkuks mnkgj.k fnu lfdUNA t;iqj

ftYykek ,mVk xkm¡ NA R;gk¡ /ksjS xfjch NA R;l xkm¡ek dke

79

xuZdks fufEr R;gk¡ ,mVk laLFkk NA R;l laLFkkys ckfgjdks

lg;ksxckV ikuh tqVkmu dfjc ��]��� #iS;k¡ [kpZ xjsj ,mVk

iks[kjh cuk;ksA ;lys xnkZ R;ksizfr R;gk¡dk ekfuldks vkReh;rk

fcLrkjS c<~u ykX;ksA dqjS dqjkek ,mVk cqtzqx fdlkuys Hkus fd

iks[kjh r BhdS NA rj ;ks xkm¡dks gksbu] gkezks gksbu] ljdkjhtLrks

ykXNA ;ks vk¶uks dljh cUyk HkUus dqjks dlSys lks/;ksA ;lek

<q³~xkdks ,mVk Nrjh ¼LFkk;h iôh e.Mi½ LFkkfir gquqiNZ HkUus

dqjks rh fdlkuys xjsA R;ks cukm¡nk ykXus vUnkth ykxr

fudkfy;ksA R;ldks fder iks[kjhdks ykxrHkUnk T;knk fuLD;ksA

R;l laLFkkys vkQwys ;ks dke xuZ ulDus dqjks HkU;ksA gkehflr

iks[kjhdk fufEr ek= vuqnku N] Nrjh ¼LFkk;h iôh e.Mi½dk

fufEr NSu HkUus dqjks vf?k lkfj;ksA Nrjhdk ykfx laLFkkflr

dlys uS ekfxjgsdks N HkUus mÙkj xkm¡ysys fn,A xfjc ekfu,dk

xkm¡ysys gsnkZgsnSZ R;gk¡ FkqiSaz :iS;k¡iSlk pUnkckV tEek xjsA

muhg:ys vk¶uks Jenku xjsA vfu iks[kjhdks fMyek

cktkxktk j iwtkvpZukdks lkFk Nrjh ¼LFkk;h iôh e.Mi½

LFkkiuk xfj;ksA

;ks fQtqy[kphZ gks HkUus dqjks dlSdks gksykA rj ;ks Hkou

j ?kjdks vUrj gksA lektykbZ ikuhdks <k¡pk ek= pkfg,dks

gksbuA mlykbZ eeRo ifu pkfgUNA Nrjh ¼LFkk;h iôh e.Mi½

fuekZ.k xukZys R;ks iks[kjh ljdkjh ok laLFkkdks izkfof/kd <k¡pk

uHk,j ,mVk vkfRed <k¡pkek cnfyUNA vfu Qsfj lektys

R;ldks js[kns[k xnZNA

80

v³~xzst vkmuqvf?k ;gk¡dk � yk[k xkm¡] dsgh gtkj

VksycLrh] �kgj j jkt/kkuhek xjh dfjc �� yk[k iks[kjhg:

fFk,A lektys okVj fe�ku j okVj�ksM MsHkyiesUVfcuk uS rh

lc cuk,dk fFk,A R;gk¡dk ekfulys vkQSa frudks js[kns[k j

VqVQqVdks lesr eeZr xnZFksA ,df{k.k dYiuk xjkSaA j] ,mVk

;Lrks ns�k tgk¡ psjkiq~th j tSlyesjdk tLrk fofp= ifjfLFkfr

Hk,dks ns�k NA R;gk¡dks lektys R;ks <k¡pkdks vkdkj] izdkj]

tucy] cqf)cy j lakxBfud cyys ns�kHkfj uS ikuhdks izcU/k

xnZF;ksA

iks[kjhlEcU/kh ;ks ,mVk lkuks dqjks gksA rj ;lSys ,mVk

dqjks izLV xjsdks NA R;ks gks & lk/; vk¶uks N Hkus lk/ku ifu

vk¶uks gqUN j R;ks tqV~nS tkUNA gks] R;ldk fufEr lk/kuk Hkus

pkfgUN uSA fgtksvktdk laLFkkys iwjS lalkjflr mÙkkmyks Hk,j

dqjk xjsdks nsf[kUNA R;ldks vk/kk mÙkkmyks ifu muhg:ys

lektl¡x dqjk xuZ yxk, Hkus ¼ikVhZflisVjh fjlpZ ,ijkbty]

ih- vkj- ,- okyk dqjks gksbu½ ;l lk/kukys vk¶uks j³ ns[kkmu

ykXNA

,mVk m[kku NA ;ks cqansy[k.Mdks m[kku gksA ^pqV~dhHkfj

thjkys czãHkkst*A R;gk¡ thjk N] R;ks ifu pqV~dh ¼fpEVh½ HkfjA

R;gk¡ rjdkjh] nky] pkey j ihBks vkfn dsgh NSuA rj czãHkkst

yxk,j ;lykbZ iwjk xuZ lfdUNA mPp lk/; Hk;ks Hkus lcS lk/

ku tqV~u lDNA gks] fpEVhHkfj thjkys ^ikVhZ* ¼[kkusfius j ekst

xusZ Hkkst½ Hkus gqu lDnSuA

81

�-�-�-�-�-jktjksxhdks [krjukd feykserksjktjksxhdks [krjukd feykserksjktjksxhdks [krjukd feykserksjktjksxhdks [krjukd feykserksjktjksxhdks [krjukd feykserks

vly ekful ifu lÙkk uftdS iqxs Hkus muhg:ykbZ

fodkl xusZ j Hkwe.Myhdj.kdks jksx ykfxgkYNA lkjk unhg:

tksM~us j cqYMkstj pyk,j igkMykbZ lery cukb [ksrh xNkSZa

HkUus lkspkb muhg:dks gqUNA rj ;Lrks fopkj izÑfrdks fo#)

gqusNA ;ks r izHkqdks dke gksA ns�kdk izHkq cUus pôjek usrkys ;ks

fopkj uxuqZ uS jkezks gksA izÑfrys uS unhg: tksM~us dke xNZA

xaxk j ;equk csXyk&csXyS Bkm¡ckV fuDysA rj gsfydIVj p<sj

ekfFk vkdk�kckV gs¥okSa Hkus ,mVS ioZrdks pqpqjksdks Bhd ry

nqbVk fcUnq ns[kk iNZu~A R;gk¡ xaxks=h j ;euks=h /ksjS Vk<k

NSuu~A izÑfrys muhg:ykbZ R;gha tksfMfnUNA rj lcS Bkm¡ek

NqÍkNqÍS flapkb xjsj nqoSdgk¡ feYus ;ks dqjks izÑfrys uS fu/kkZj.k

xjsdks fFk;ksA vfu R;gk¡ laxe cU;ksA R;lifN unhys MsYVkykbZ

ifu lsok xuqZ NA

nkeksnj unhek ck¡/kdks fuekZ.k gq¡nS fFk;ksA R;lek ,dtuk

dfiy HkÍkpk;Z bfUtfu;j fFk,A muh dquS oSpkfjd laxBudk

ekful fFk,uu~A rj mudks lkbuks unhl¡x fFk;ks vFkkZr muh

unhl¡x tksfM,dk fFk,A muys vk¶uks foHkkxykbZ nkeksnj unh

82

miR;dkdks ;kstuk LFkfxr xuqZiusZ vuqjks/k xjsdk fFk,A rikbZys

;l ;kstukykbZ fdu jksDu pkguqgqUN HkUus iz�u ekfulg:dks

fFk;ksA ;fr djksMdks ;kstuk] ;ks Qkbnk R;ks Qkbnk j ;lckV

vkS|ksfxd fodkl ifu gqusN HkUus dqjks muhg:ys vf?k lkjsA

;lckjs HkÍkpk;Zdks Hkukb Li�V fFk;ksA nkeksnjdks izokg jksDus

gks Hkus R;ksHkUnk ry MsYVklEe vlj iusZNA dksydkrkdks

cUnjxkg lekIr gqusNA R;lek ikuh tgkt vkmu ikmUuu~A

R;ldks xfgjkb de gqusNA tqu izokgckV ckyqok ckfgj vkm¡N

R;lykbZ egaxks esflu}kjk ckfg¥ofmuq iusZNA unhykbZ Ñf=e

rfjdkys xfgjks cukmudk fufEr djksMkSa #iS;k¡ [kpZ ykXu

lDNA ;ks dke ifu pkjik¡p lky ek= xuZ lfdusNA R;fr

csyklEe ;lek ;fr /ksjS ekVks tEek gqUN fd ;ks dke ifu cUn

xuqZiusZ NA R;fr[ksjlEe caxykns�k cusdks fFk,uA ck¡/kdk dkj.k

fNesdh ns�kg:l¡x ifu Hkkjrdks lEcU/k fcfxznS tkusN HkUus

dqjks ifu HkÍkpk;Zys xjsdk fFk,A

rVcU/k j VsDuksyksthflr leqnzdks dquS lEcU/k gq¡nSuA

R;ksl¡x vk¶uS fo�ks�k �kfä gqUNA R;lek euq�;dks gLr{ksi gqus

j foKkudks fodkldk ukm¡ek dsgh dke Hk, Hkus izdfrys

lk¡PphdS fruykbZ ikrifraM~xj>Sa mMkb fnUNA lqUnj ouys

;LrS leqnzh rqQkuykbZ jksDnNA ikjk}hidks lqUnjou u�V Hk;ksA

;lSys mfMlkek pØokr vk;ksA ;ldks vxkfM ^lqij* fo�ks�k.k

yxkmuqijsdks fFk;ksA R;lek vFkkg tu/ku cjckn Hk,dks fFk;ksA

;ks lc ns[ksj ykXN] izdfrdk fo#) v{kE; vijk/k Hkbjgsdks

83

NA ;lykbZ {kek xuZ lfdUuA ;ldk ykfx dquS n.M ifu fnu

lfdUuA unhg:ykbZ tksM~us R;l dMhdks ;ks uS lcHkUnk Hk;adj

dke gqusNA ;lckjs dVqrkfcuk tfr jkezjh lksPu lfdUN]

lksPuqiNZ] cq>~uqiNZA gksbu Hkus HkUuSiNZ] vk¶uks [kqÍkek cUpjksys

vkQSa fgdkZmu pkgUNkS Hkus fgdkZÅA rj ;ks fuf�pr [kqÍkek

cUpjks NA ;Lrk dke xusZg:dks ukm¡ ,mVk f�kykys[kek dq¡nuqiNZA

j] dquS fojks/k gqu ldsu Hkus dquS Bwyks pqpqjksek ;ks f�kykys[k

yxkÅ j Hku fd Hkkb] vkmus nqbZ l; o�kZdk fufEr ;h ukeg:

vej gqusNu~A f;uhg:ykbZ dsgh xuZ lfd,uA

,dtuk lj fofy;e osykd HkUus ekful fFk,A muh

v³~xzst vf/kdkjh fFk,A ;fr[ksj e mudks ukm¡ Lej.k xuZ

pkgUNqA lu~ ���� ek muys caxky iszflMsUlhdk bfUtfu;jg:dk

vf?kfYrj �oVk izopu fn,dk fFk,A muys vk¶uk lcS ;qok

fbfUtfu;jg:ykbZ ;ljh Hkusdk fFk,A ��&�� o�kZ ;rk

v³~xsztg:ys tks ugj cuk,dk Nu~ frudks vkfFkZd ykHk ,mVk

iyMkek jk[kkSa j uksDlkuykbZ vdksZekA ;ljh uksDlkudks iyMk

uS c<h Hkkjh gqusNA gkehys iwjS caxkydks lksukj ¼lqUnj] lqutLrks

lqukSyks½ laLÑfrykbZ u�V xjsdk NkSaA ;frek= dgk¡ gks j]

ugjg: cusifN mRiknu ?kVsdks N HkUus Hkukb ifu osykddks

fFk;ksA

Bhd ;LrS dqjks e/; izns�kek rok ck¡/k cUnk[ksfj Hk,dks

fFk;ksA lu~ ��&��dks le; fFk;ksA ueZnk ck¡/kckjs fookn Hk;ksA

84

;gh dkj.k ck¡/k cUu ldsuA R;lifN rok unhek ck¡/k cukb;ksA

;l ck¡/kdk dkj.k [ksrg: nyny Hk,A [ksrhikrh lcS lR;kuk�k

Hk;ksA R;ks dkyks ekVksdks HkwHkkx fFk;ksA ;lSys R;gk¡ iz�kLr

ek=kek vUu mfCtUF;ksA rj ck¡/k cusifN gkgkdkj efPp;ks]

vUUk ckyh&dsgh ykxsuA ;lys xnkZ teZu fodkl cSaddks

cnukeh Hk;ksA ;ks cnukeh ns[ksj ck¡/kek yxkuh xjsdks iSlk

vlqYus ifu t#jr mlys lE>suA vfu pqipki [kkrk cUn xjsj

R;ks cSad R;l n�;ckV xk;c Hk;ksA R;fr[ksj ,dtuk xkUèkhoknh

ouokjh yky pkS/kjhys ,DyS rok ck¡/kdks fojks/k xjsdk fFk,A ck¡/

kdk dkj.k foin vkbijsdks fFk;ksA ;lckV eqfä ikmudk fufEr

muys ^ekVks cpkÅ vkUnksyu* lq# xjsA ;LrS vfHk;ku vc

unhdks j{kkdk fufEr pykmuqiusZ NA

vlh&uCcs o�kZ ifgysdks dqjks gksA unhdks izokg de Hk,ek

mRiknu ?kV~N HkUus dqjks osykdys xjsdk fFk,A ck<hdks c<h

lEHkkouk NA [kkjkiu j yo.khdj.k c<sdks NA muys ,mVk

vk�p;Ztud rF; Hkusdk fFk,A ;l {ks=ek unhg:flr [ksaykph

xjsifN eysfj;kdks izdksi Hk,dks gksA ^unh tksM ;kstuk* ckV

iwjS MsYVkdks bykdkek ;ks lc >u~ c<~usNA ns�k Hk[kZjS LorU=

Hk,dks fFk;ksA ;lHkUnk dsgh le; ifgysdks dqjks gksA izks- etqenkjys

caxkydks flapkb foHkkxdk ofj�B vf/kdkjhg:chp ,mVk Hkk�k.k

xjsdk fFk,A R;ks Hkk�k.k ,mVk egÙoiw.kZ Hkk�k.k fFk;ksA muys

vk¶uks fopkj ;ljh izLrqr xjsdk fFk,A ;ks ekUus csodqQh ok

xYrh uxj fd unhdks ikuh leqnzek cjckn gqUNA leqnzek x,j

85

;h unhg:ys gkehykbZ midkj xnZNu~A ;lSys f;uykbZ nsoh

ekfu,dks gksA

iz�u N] jktjksx dljh fudks ikusZ \ ;lckV dljh ikj

ikmus \ ;lykbZ fudks ikusZ ,mVS rfjdk NA jkt gkrckV

QqfRdUNA vfu ;ks jksx ifu fudks gqUNA ;ldks ,mVk lcHkUnk

jkezks mnkgj.k NA R;ks gks jke�.k gsxMsdks mnkgj.kA dqjks gks

dukZVddksA iPphl o�kZvf?k R;gk¡ csMFkh unhek ,mVk ck¡/k

cukb¡nS fFk;ksA ;ks ck¡/k cusifN [ksrhdks pØ lekIr gqusN HkUus

vk�kadk R;gk¡dk fdlkudks fFk;ksA muhg:ys ;ldks ?kksj fojksèk

xjsA dukZVddk fdlkuys laxBu cuk,j ;ks ck¡/kdks t#jr uS

NSu HkUus dqjks ljdkjlkeq jk[ksA muhg:ys lEiUure [ksrh xnSZ

Nu~A ;ks ck¡/k cusifN mudks lkjk [ksrhikrh lekIr gqusNA

gsxMs R;l vkUnksyudk vxqok cusA muh ik¡p o�kZlEe R;l

vkUnksyudk ,dN= usrk fFk,A ifN x,j muh R;l jkT;dks

eq[;eU=h ifu Hk,A eq[;eU=h cusi�pkr muh csMFkh ck¡/k

cukmus i{kek m¡fHk,A rikbZ r ;ks ck¡/kdk izeq[k fojks/khe/;s ,d

gquqgqUF;ks HkUus dqjks ekfulg:ys xjsA muys Hkus] ^R;frcsyk e

ljdkjek fFkbu¡A vc r lEiw.kZ dukZVddks fufEr R;ks ck¡/kdks

vko�;drk N HkUus lksPnS NqA vfgys esjks pklks {ks= fo�ks�kfrj

NSuA R;lckV R;gk¡ uksdlku Hk, ifu HkksXu nsÅA rj dukZVdykbZ

pkfgus fctqyh R;lckV izkIr gqusN] vkS|ksxhdj.k gqusN*A gsxMsdks

jkt x;ksA mldks jktjksx ifu fudks Hk;ksA rj fdlkudks

86

vkUnksyu tkjh Hkbjg~;ksA R;l vkUnksyuys xnkZ vfgyslEe

R;gk¡ ck¡/k cUu ldsuA ;l fdfledks ;ks ns�kHkfjdks ifgyks

mnkgj.k gksA

ns�kdks fufEr tldks euek <qd<qdh gqUN mlys unh tksM

ifj;kstukckjs izseiwoZd dqjk xuqZinZNA j] ;lks xnkZ dlS u

dlSys vo�; dqjk lqUyku~A ;ks nkSM vpEedks nkSM gksA j]

;lek lcS fopkj/kkjk j gjsd jktuhfrd usrRodks loZlEefr

gqUNA ;lys fouk�k ek= fuER;km¡NA j] fouk�kdk fufEr rh

lcek loZlEefr NA ,dnqbZ HkksVys ljdkj fxuZ lDN] cUu

lDN] rj ;l fodkl j fouk�kdk fufEr lcSdks xtcdks

feykserks NA ;l feykserksdks chpek gkezks vkokt n<rk j

la;edks gquqiusZ NA tks dqjk xuqZ N] R;lykbZ n<rkiwoZd

HkUuqiusZ NA izsedk lkFk HkUudk fufEr gkehys rfjdk [kksTuqiusZ

NA gkehykbZ ljdkjdks i{k cq>~uq t#jh NSuA R;lykbZ cq>~u

ykX;kSa Hkus gkeh Fkkdsj foJke xuZfrj ykXusNkSaA ;ks jkezks dqjks

gksbuA ;lSys gkeh dquS i{kek ykXuq gq¡nSuA ;gh uS Bwyks dke

gqusNA ns�k] Hkwxksy j ;ldks bfrgkldk lkFk i{kikr Hk,dks NA

;lykbZ jksDuqiNZ HkUus uS esjks Hkukb gksA