ii....ii. 1) 2) 3) masaaki tanaka1),masatsune takeda2) and mariko nagano3):protozoans, rotifers,...

21
腋腉腂腑腌腄腆腐腅腇腁腊腍腏腒腓腎腔腖腈腔 腀腄腃腕腈腔II. 臮臤臍1) 臮臍2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka 1) , Masatsune Takeda 2) and Mariko Nagano 3) : Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 膿腥腟1996 臹臰腋腥 1999 臹臰腝腋腎腙膭膟 4 膊腞臧膲腩膪腈 20 腩膳臃腒腐腞臤腋腥膤 臎至腊腤腠腞臄膥臂腩膢臲腒腙膭膟 40 81 腅腔膜腩膯腒腕 臮臤2000腄腁 腐腞臤腝腟臉膵臂腚腇腦膱臗臥2 臂腊腤腠1 臂腌膒腡腧腙腈腕腔腞膧腣 臧膲腟膞臙腑腧臆臵臤臵膅臵臢膮腊腤腠臢腝腊腈腙2000 8 20 12 13 2003 3 31 5 20 12 4 2004 3 18 臷腊腤腠 7 22 臷腞膭膟 7 膊腌 膪腨腧腕腐腞膠膉膳臃腑腧腕 35 腋腥腟臑腝膖腒腕臂腾膋腝臜腍腞臉腕腜臄膥臂腌臩膇 腑腧腕腇腆2000 8 膡腋腥 2004 7 22 臷腝膪腨腧腕臧膲腝腊腈腙臉腕腝膖腑腧腕膤臎至腊腤腠腞臄膥臂腛腐腧腝膇腉腙臋臎臤腋腥膌臸腑腧腕腔腞臛腞至腞膆臂腋腩膯腓腦腡腕腐腧腥腞臋臎腞臎臕膏膚腩臺腽腓腦腕腢腝臤臵膅臵膮腊腤腠臢腞臋膽腝腘 腈腙臐腩膪腗腕臋臎腞膳臃腟臀腛腒腙膨膝 22 cm臡腌 NXX25 臼臏腞腲腶腺腬腮腺腰腭腮腩膓腋腥臱腏 腙膂膳臃腒腕腡腕臫臬腩腓腍腈臁腗腙膻腛腒腕膳臃膻膥臇腚臨腖腝腳腸腴腷腺膦自 腒腕腌腟臎腞腡腡膼腖膔腗腙膐膴腝膙腒腕腡腕臋膽臐腝腘腈腙腟 2003 3 18 臷腊腤腠 7 22 臷腞臧膲腝腊腈腙膾膺腒腕腌臐膫腟膥臇腚臖自腒腕腣腞腣膒腢腙臋膄 (), pH臯膕臭致臰 (EC)臚膶臔 (DO)腬腹腹腱腫腸 a臓臣臔 (TN)腪腺腵腯腪臝臣臔腻臅膶臝臣臔臅膶臝臣臔臓腷腺 (TP)腷腺膶臝腷腺腚腇腦1. 腈腇腉腆腅腄 臤臵膅臵膮腊腤腠臢腝腊腈腙臖自腑腧腕臋膽臐臟腟膆腧腣膬腈臎膵臌腩腓腦腐腛 腌臸腢腥腧臶腝臢腞 0m 7 22 臷腝臖自腑腧腕腬腹腹腱腫腸 a 腞臟腞 617.6 mg/l膅臵膮腞 1) 膷臷膹臞膍膏膚臈膷臷膹膹膎臎臦 1200 Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Yokkaichi University, Yokkaichi, Mie, 5128512 Japan 2) 膈膍臻膑至膣膘Department of Zoology, National Science Museum, Tokyo 3) 腼臠膩膛臞膍臞膍膁膩膍膣膘膈 Graduate School of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology 膈臻臒(43), 2006 3 27 Mem. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, (43), March 27, 2006

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Page 1: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

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Masaaki Tanaka1), Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3): Protozoans, Rotifers,

Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II.

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Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Yokkaichi University, Yokkaichi, Mie, 512�8512 Japan2) °�±¬²�³#�´µ�

Department of Zoology, National Science Museum, Tokyo3) ¶·¸¹«¬«¬º¸¬´µ±

Graduate School of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology

°�±²¼�� (43), 2006 3K 274Mem. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, (43), March 27, 2006

Page 2: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

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Page 3: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

483.6 mg/l���������� � 0 m�� 7� 22������� 18.924 mg/l� ���� 0.819

mg/l���������� 1� 2004 3� 18�!"# 7� 22��$%&'()�*��

2. ��������+, 7-�./�"0123� 354567�� 89� :9� ;�<=1� >?@A� 8B 109CDEFG 6B 89� HIFG 2B 29J� KL@A� 12B 229� MI@A� 1B 19� NL@A�1B 19� OE@A� 13B 159 CPQG 9B 109� RLG 2B 29� SQG 1B 19� TFG 1B29J �UV 35B 49&GW�X�YZ�9�X��[�1�� \9�>]^_�`a��� �bc�d��e�1�f� g�bh$@Aij�kl�mnopq C$r� �st� 1991J� g�bh$c@uAij�kl�ovq Cwx� 2002J�gyKFGX�zq C{|� 1999J �"0� � }~c�9�e�1�� ���,�_��f�����

���� Protozoa

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l��������� Mayorellidae

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2. Mayorella sp� Co� 1� o 8J+���� x���� �9"�d����

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4. Arcella dentata Ehrenberg Co� 1� o 1�2J )

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6. Heleopera sphangi (Leidy) Co� 1� o 3Jx���� ����

7. Trinema lineare Penard

+���� x���� ����8. Trinema enchelys (Ehrenberg)

+���� ����

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Page 4: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

���� Ciliatea

��� Gymnostomatida

������� Didiniidae

1. Didinium nasutum (O. F. Muller) �� ����� ��� 1� � 4������ ���� ����

!� Heterotrichida

2. ? Brachonella spiralis (Smith) ��� 1� � 9����"#$%&'� ()*++,-'./� ����

����� Rotatoria

01� 2��� Bdelloidea

3401� 2�� Philodinidae

1. Rotaria elongata (Weber) 5�01� 2�� ��� 3� � 5�6���� 7����

89� Ploima

:;2�� Synchaetidae

2. Synchaeta pectinata Ehrenberg <�:;2�� ��� 5� � 1����� =*>?@& S. oblonga (Ehrenberg)*ABCDEF@&'� ����

� 2�� Notommatidae

3. Encentrum sp� ��� 3� � 6������

G432�� Trichocercidae

4. Trichocerca porcellus (Gosse) H G432�� ��� 3� � 3�4������ 7����

5. Trichocerca bicristata (Gosse) I JKG432�� ��� 2� � 3�7����

LM2�� Brachionidae

6. Brachionus forficula Wierzejski ��;LNLM2�� ��� 2� � 4�5�7���� ����

7. Brachionus falcatus Zacharias O�� LM2�� ��� 2� � 1�2�2002P 8Q*7���� ���"EF@&� RSTUV%D�/�

8. Brachionus quadridentatus var. ancylognathus (Schmarda) ��� 2� � 7�6���� 7���� ���" B. quadridentatus Hermann*ABCD� WXY*EF@&�

9. Mytilina mucronata var. spinigera (O. F. Muller) ��� 2� � 6�Z[\�"]� ^_`' �/M. ventralis (O. F. Muller)'ab@� M. mucronata (O. F.

Muller)cd$%/'� ^'++efg�hU"ijV%/� k�� ����10. Keratella lenzi Hauer ��� 4� � 10�11�

l�mnoplmqorstuv422

Page 5: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

2003� 3������� ��� ������ ������������� �� !"�#�$%&'()*+, �

11. Lophocharis salpina (Ehrenberg) -./0123�����

451236 Colurellidae

12. Lepadella rhomboides (Gosse) 7-893/0:;<123 =>? 4� > 6@����� A'(�

13. Lepadella patella f. similis (Lucks) =>? 4� > 7@����� A'(�

14. Lepadella patella f. oblonga (Ehrenberg)

B���� A'(�15. Lepadella triptera Ehrenberg =>? 4� > 8@

* �C��D� EEFC�GDHI�JK�L�M� L. triptera f. rhomboides (Bryce)�N����#O�PQRST(��� * &B��������� A'(�

16. Colurella uncinata f. bicuspidata (Ehrenberg) =>? 4� > 9@N���� ����� B����

UV/01236 Lecanidae

17. Lecane depressa (Bryce) =>? 4� > 1@����� A'(�

18. Lecane stokesi Pell =>? 4� > 2@Lecane ludwigii (Eckstein)�3WX2YM�Z[\]���� ^_���`' 2*�La�GDbc�d�� B���� A'(�

19. Lecane flexilis (Gosse) =>? 4� > 3@B����

20. Lecane bulla (Gosse) 0ef/0gh/123 =>? 4� > 4@N���� ����� B���� �� ij`k(� lmnop"�qrs� tuvw"qr� xyznow"qr�#]{#S� =|�}�� 2005a, b, c@�

21. Lecane closterocerca (Schmarda) =>? 4� > 5@N���� B����

~���1236 Hexarthidae

22. Hexarthra mira Hudson ~���123 =>? 3� > 1�2@����� B����

����� Gastrotrica

��� Chaetonotoidea

�04236 Chaetonotoidae

1. Gen. et sp.

����� �� A'(�

��"������� 423

Page 6: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

����� Nematoda

1. Gen. et sp� ��� 10� � 4�5����� �������������� ������� !"#$%&'(�)*+,�-� ./01� 2/01� 3/01� 451� -67+��-8� 9:#$!8;<#$�=� >!=?�$�=�@A�BC8DE�FG7$�

����� Arthropoda

� Crustacea

HIJK Branchiopoda

LMN Cladocera

OPQ Sididae

1. Diaphanosoma macrophthalma Korovchinsky & Mirabdullaev ��� 5� � 2�RS�� Diaphanosoma T-��� %&'(�UBC8DEVWX� @YZ?7�!+BC�[\8W$� 451]-�� G6=�^_8Z?7�#`�-�ab�cQ Daphniidae

2. Simocephalus vetulus (O. F. Muller) defab�c ��� 5� � 3�4�RS�� S. vetulus (O. F. Muller)T-��� S. mixtus Sars�#$g+W$8hi�=j$�2/01� 3/01Vkl�� m� S. exspinosus (Koch)8G6=no��8� pqr��stV�u� 2!vw� S. serrulatus (Koch)8hxyz?7� {|�1V+}*~7$���8W$�

3. Simocephalus exspinosus (Koch) ��defab�c2/01� 3/01� ��-�

��ab�cQ Chydoridae

4. Leydigia ciliata (Gauthier) ������dab�c ��� 6� � 4�����A��8Z?7��`�-� ��� ��!�~7$ L. leydigi (Schodler)�FG7$���8yz?7�8� ����8WX� @Y���!����-�-� @A�BC8DE�FG7$� 2/01�

5. Graptoleberis testudinaria Birge ���Oab�c ��� 6� � 1�2�./01� 3/01� ��-�

6. Camptocercus rectirostris Schodler ���ab�c ��� 6� � 3�2/01� ���8Z?7��`�-�

7. Pleuroxus laevis Sars ���f�e�Oab�c ��� 7� � 1�5�3/01� 451� ��(�-�

8. Alona rectangula Sars cOe ab�c ��� 8� � 1�2, 5�3/01� 451� ��-�

9. Biapertura intermedia Sars �e ��Oe ab�c ��� 8� � 3�4�./01� ��-�

10. Monospilus dispar Sars ���f��ab�c./01� ;_���-8� ������2=?��Z?7$�

 2¡¢£¤ ¡¥£¦§¨©ª424

Page 7: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

���� Ostracoda

���� Podocopa

�� ��� Cypridae

1. Gen. et sp. 1 ��� 10� � 1�2�����

2. Gen. et sp. 2 ��� 10� � 3������ ����

���� Copepoda

��� �� Harpacticoida

1. Gen. et sp� ��� 9� � 1�4������ ���� � !"#� $%&'()*+,-./)01234567894�

��� Insecta

:; Diptera

<=�� �>?� � Chaoboridae

1. Chaoborus flavicans (Meigen) ��� 11� � 1�2�@�� A/B& 2/8CDE� FG.H-I/8J 6KL"M� >?N-� OPQR- 3/

� 1. @�)ST4 Chaoborus �>?� &UV&GW (Total length)BXW (Head length)� S*YGWBZ[W (Antenna length)B&\]� 2003^ 3_ 18`abFG�(c: Chaoborus pallidus, d: Chaoborus flavicans)

efP�&ghCij 425

Page 8: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

��������� ������ ������� ���������������� (Na-

gano et al., 2005)� ������ !�"#$%&�'(�)��*+,�-./���� �0�123/4�3��5���� 6278&9 Daphnia pulex Leydig�:�;<=� ���/����� 2003� 3> 18��?@!�AB5� BC� 8.5�14.4 mm� DC� 1.08E0.073

mm� FGC� 0.43E0.049 mm�H��2. Chaoborus pallidus (Fabricius) IJ 11� J 3�4K

�0� ��LM�� N���OPQ(;R�(� BC� 7.5�10.0 mm� DC� 0.98E0.076

mm� FGC� 0.33E0.030 mm�H�� J 1� 2003� 3> 18��?@��� 2��BC��DC1'SFGC��TU V��

���������� ����

WX��Y1'S�0Z�[\]�[ (2000)��^!�_`��� �a�� �)�1'S�)�5� 40b 81��(� cQ`d e�!�� fg��� 63b 130� I��� R hiK �<��[\jZ (2005)5� klm�n��op0qrZ� 103b 219���s`� �^!��� ��\�5 50b 132��t��h�����Z����5 53b 87���WX�Y�uv���OZ<(w<2� ��'x�� WX�Y1'S�05� �s;���yz���`d���Z<s{|}��~��31(� s���Z�/�� ������������WX��Y�1���s;���`d���5� ���2x����������<������2x�Z(<z� �q��0�w<z� ����!3/��0� ���0� ��D0� !0������<2��n"�`�n# ����5� 4�3�$<���<(��/�������� ���Z<s{|}��� <¡� ¢�£� ��¤��yz�s{¥���'x<%&�'(��s`��¦§�¨(��¦§ ¢�£� c©/Cz�~����� )ª��<2/����

� �

�«¬�­!35� ®�¯op°�"±���²�<*³ 5ZH32�´2�� ����!3�µ¶�· +!���

Summary

The micro-organisms in 35 samples obtained from inside moats of the Imperial Palace of Japan in Tokyo

during the years 2000�2004 were studied, and only the additional species unrecorded in the previous survey

during the years 1996�1999 are enumerated. They are 49 species of 35 genera, viz. 10 species of 8 genera

in the Protozoa (8 species of Rhizopoda, and 2 species of Chiliatea), 22 species (including variety and

forma) of 12 genera in the Rotatoria, 1 species of the Gastrotricha, 1 species of the Nematoda, 15 species

of 13 genera in the Arthropoda (13 species of Crustacea, and 2 species of Insecta). In 20 samples obtained

in the previous survey, 81 species of 40 genera were recorded (Tanaka & Takeda, 2000), although the

nematod worms and insect larvae were not examined. As a result, at present, the micro-organisms are

known by a total of 130 species of 63 genera from four inside moats, Kami-dokan-bori, Naka-dokan-bori,

Shimo-dokan-bori and Hasuike-bori, and from a small pond, Hisago-ike. Comparing the limnological

fauna of the inside moats of the Imperial Palace of Japan with that of some ponds in the Akasaka Imperial

Gardens in Tokyo recorded by Tanaka et al. (2005), it is definitely said that the inside moats of the Imperial

Palace of Japan are still kept in good condition due to its large scale, though the Imperial Palace of Japan

is surrounded by artificial buildings in Metropolitan Tokyo.

[\¸,]�[¸-]¹.º#»426

Page 9: II....II. 1) 2) 3) Masaaki Tanaka1),Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3):Protozoans, Rotifers, Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II. 1996

� � � �

Brotos, E., 1959. Virnici-Rotatoria. Fauna CSR, 15, 969 pp.

Elster, H. J. & W. Ohle, 1972. Das Zooplankton der Binnengewasser. In Thienemann, A., Die Binnennge-wasser,

26, 294 pp. Stuttgart.

Koste, W., 1978. Rotatoria. Die Radertiere Mitteleuropas begrundet von Max Voigt. I, II. Gebruder Borntraeger,

673 pp., 234 pls. Berlin, Stuttgart.

�������� �� 1991� ����������������� 532 pp. ��� !"# �$�Nagano, M., M. Tanaka & A. Yagi, 2005. Vertical migration and horizontal distribution of Chaoborus larvae in

Lake Fukami-ike, Japan. Korean J. Limnol., 38 (Spec. Iss.): 27�30.

Ogden, G. G. & R. H. Hedley, 1980. An Atlas of Freshwater Testate Amoebae. 222 pp. British Museum, London.

Rudescu, L., 1960. Trochelminthes. Vol. II. Rotatoria. 1192 pp., Fauna Republicii Populare Romane.

Saether, O. A., 1972. Chaoboridae. In Thienemann, A., Die Binnenngewasser, 26: 257�280. Stuttgart.

Segers, H., 1995. Rotifera. Vol. 2: The Lecanidae (Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinver-

tebrates of the Continental Waters of the World., 6, 226 pp. SPB Academic Publishing.

De Smet, W. H. & R. Pourriot., 1997. Rotifera. Vol. 5. The Dicranophoridae (Monogononta) and: The Ituridae

(Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental waters of the

World., 12, 344 pp. SPB Academic Publishing.

Smirnov, N. N., 1996. Cladocera. the Chydorinae and Sayciinae (Chydoridae) of the World. Guides to the

Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World., 11, 197 pp. SPB

Academic Publishing.

%& ' 1999� ()*+,- � 151 pp. ./0 �$�1234 2002� ����5�6��������7� 584 pp. 89:� !"# 89:�1234�;13< 2000� =>?@ABCDEFGHI�� )*+ JK+LBMNK+� OPQRS

T (35): 233�244 �" 1�16.

[Tanaka, M. & M. Takeda, 2002. Protozoans, rotifers, cladocerans and copepods from the inside moats of the

Imperial Palace, Tokyo. Mem. natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, (35): 233�244 pls. 1�16.]

1234�;13<���UVW 2005� XYZ[\]^_`abcdef?g�I�h� OPQRST (39): 515�529 �" 1�14.

[Tanaka, M., M. Takeda & M. Nagano, 2005. Limnological faunae and florae of the ponds in the Akasaka

Imperial Gardens, Tokyo. Mem. natn. Sci Mus., Tokyo, (39): 515�529 pls. 1�14.]

=>@A?g�I�h 427

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Explanation of Plates

�� 1 Plate 1

1�2. Arcella dentata; 3. Heleopera sphangi; 4. Didinium nasutum; 5. Thecamoeba sp.; 6�7. Mayorella vespertilio;

8. Mayorella sp.; 9. Brachonella spiralis.

�� 2 Plate 2

1�2. Brachionus falcatus; 3. Trichocerca bicristata; 4�5. Brachionus forficula; 6. Mytilina mucronata var. spinigera;

7. Brachionus quadridentatus var. ancylognathus.

�� 3 Plate 3

1�2. Hexarthra mira; 3�4. Trichocerca porcellus; 5. Rotaria elongata; 6. Encentrum sp.

�� 4 Plate 4

1. Lecane depressa; 2. Lecane stokesi; 3. Lecane flexilis; 4. Lecane bulla; 5. Lecane closterocerca; 6. Lepadella

rhomboides; 7. Lepadella patella f. similis; 8. Lepadella triptera; 9. Colurella uncinata f. bicuspidata; 10�11.

Keratella lenzi.

�� 5 Plate 5

1. Synchaeta pectinata; 2. Diaphanosoma macrophthalma; 3�4. Simocephalus vetulus �4� �����

�� 6 Plate 6

1�2. Graptoleberis testudinaria �1� �� 2� � ��� 3. Camptocercus rectirostris �������� 4.

Leydigia ciliata ��������

�� 7 Plate 7

1�5. Pleuroxus laevis �1�2� ���� 3� �������� 4�5� �����

�� 8 Plate 8

1�2. 5. Alona rectangular �1� ���� 2� ���� 5� � ��� 3. Biapertura intermedia �3� ���� 4������

�� 9 Plate 9

1�4. Harpacticoida, gen. et sp� �������� 1��

�� 10 Plate 10

1�3. Cypridae, gen. et sp� !����"� 1�� 4�5. Nematoda, gen. et sp� #$%� 1��

�� 11 Plate 11

1�2. Chaoborus flavican s �1� �� 2� ���� 3�4. Chaoborus pallidus �1� �� 2� ����

&'()*+&(,*-./01428

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�� 1 Plate 1

�������� 429

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�� 2 Plate 2

�������������430

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�� 3 Plate 3

�������� 431

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�� 4 Plate 4

�������������432

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�� 5 Plate 5

�������� 433

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�� 6 Plate 6

�������������434

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�� 7 Plate 7

�������� 435

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�� 8 Plate 8

�������������436

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�� 9 Plate 9

�������� 437

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�� 10 Plate 10

�������������438

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�� 11 Plate 11

�������� 439