ii....ii. 1) 2) 3) masaaki tanaka1),masatsune takeda2) and mariko nagano3):protozoans, rotifers,...
TRANSCRIPT
���������� ��� ���� ���������� II.
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Masaaki Tanaka1), Masatsune Takeda2) and Mariko Nagano3): Protozoans, Rotifers,
Cladocerans and Copepods from the Inside Moats of the Imperial Palace, Tokyo. II.
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1) ©4ª«¬ab�¬� ©4ªª®"¯ 1200
Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Yokkaichi University, Yokkaichi, Mie, 512�8512 Japan2) °�±¬²�³#�´µ�
Department of Zoology, National Science Museum, Tokyo3) ¶·¸¹«¬«¬º¸¬´µ±
Graduate School of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology
°�±²¼�� (43), 2006 3K 274Mem. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, (43), March 27, 2006
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�������������420
483.6 mg/l���������� � 0 m�� 7� 22������� 18.924 mg/l� ���� 0.819
mg/l���������� 1� 2004 3� 18�!"# 7� 22��$%&'()�*��
2. ��������+, 7-�./�"0123� 354567�� 89� :9� ;�<=1� >?@A� 8B 109CDEFG 6B 89� HIFG 2B 29J� KL@A� 12B 229� MI@A� 1B 19� NL@A�1B 19� OE@A� 13B 159 CPQG 9B 109� RLG 2B 29� SQG 1B 19� TFG 1B29J �UV 35B 49&GW�X�YZ�9�X��[�1�� \9�>]^_�`a��� �bc�d��e�1�f� g�bh$@Aij�kl�mnopq C$r� �st� 1991J� g�bh$c@uAij�kl�ovq Cwx� 2002J�gyKFGX�zq C{|� 1999J �"0� � }~c�9�e�1�� ���,�_��f�����
���� Protozoa
��� Rhizopoda
:LF� Amoebida
l��������� Mayorellidae
1. Mayorella vespertilio (Penard) l�������� Co� 1� o 6�7J+���� x���� ����� ����
2. Mayorella sp� Co� 1� o 8J+���� x���� �9"�d����
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������ Arcellidae
4. Arcella dentata Ehrenberg Co� 1� o 1�2J )
x�����7Z���� ���� ��� ¡�¢� £Y�¤�1�:¥�¦§��5. Di#lugia oblonga Ehrenberg
x���� ����
¨©ª���� Euglyphidae
6. Heleopera sphangi (Leidy) Co� 1� o 3Jx���� ����
7. Trinema lineare Penard
+���� x���� ����8. Trinema enchelys (Ehrenberg)
+���� ����
«¬��®$?A¯ 421
���� Ciliatea
��� Gymnostomatida
������� Didiniidae
1. Didinium nasutum (O. F. Muller) �� ����� ��� 1� � 4������ ���� ����
!� Heterotrichida
2. ? Brachonella spiralis (Smith) ��� 1� � 9����"#$%&'� ()*++,-'./� ����
����� Rotatoria
01� 2��� Bdelloidea
3401� 2�� Philodinidae
1. Rotaria elongata (Weber) 5�01� 2�� ��� 3� � 5�6���� 7����
89� Ploima
:;2�� Synchaetidae
2. Synchaeta pectinata Ehrenberg <�:;2�� ��� 5� � 1����� =*>?@& S. oblonga (Ehrenberg)*ABCDEF@&'� ����
� 2�� Notommatidae
3. Encentrum sp� ��� 3� � 6������
G432�� Trichocercidae
4. Trichocerca porcellus (Gosse) H G432�� ��� 3� � 3�4������ 7����
5. Trichocerca bicristata (Gosse) I JKG432�� ��� 2� � 3�7����
LM2�� Brachionidae
6. Brachionus forficula Wierzejski ��;LNLM2�� ��� 2� � 4�5�7���� ����
7. Brachionus falcatus Zacharias O�� LM2�� ��� 2� � 1�2�2002P 8Q*7���� ���"EF@&� RSTUV%D�/�
8. Brachionus quadridentatus var. ancylognathus (Schmarda) ��� 2� � 7�6���� 7���� ���" B. quadridentatus Hermann*ABCD� WXY*EF@&�
9. Mytilina mucronata var. spinigera (O. F. Muller) ��� 2� � 6�Z[\�"]� ^_`' �/M. ventralis (O. F. Muller)'ab@� M. mucronata (O. F.
Muller)cd$%/'� ^'++efg�hU"ijV%/� k�� ����10. Keratella lenzi Hauer ��� 4� � 10�11�
l�mnoplmqorstuv422
2003� 3������� ��� ������ ������������� �� !"�#�$%&'()*+, �
11. Lophocharis salpina (Ehrenberg) -./0123�����
451236 Colurellidae
12. Lepadella rhomboides (Gosse) 7-893/0:;<123 =>? 4� > 6@����� A'(�
13. Lepadella patella f. similis (Lucks) =>? 4� > 7@����� A'(�
14. Lepadella patella f. oblonga (Ehrenberg)
B���� A'(�15. Lepadella triptera Ehrenberg =>? 4� > 8@
* �C��D� EEFC�GDHI�JK�L�M� L. triptera f. rhomboides (Bryce)�N����#O�PQRST(��� * &B��������� A'(�
16. Colurella uncinata f. bicuspidata (Ehrenberg) =>? 4� > 9@N���� ����� B����
UV/01236 Lecanidae
17. Lecane depressa (Bryce) =>? 4� > 1@����� A'(�
18. Lecane stokesi Pell =>? 4� > 2@Lecane ludwigii (Eckstein)�3WX2YM�Z[\]���� ^_���`' 2*�La�GDbc�d�� B���� A'(�
19. Lecane flexilis (Gosse) =>? 4� > 3@B����
20. Lecane bulla (Gosse) 0ef/0gh/123 =>? 4� > 4@N���� ����� B���� �� ij`k(� lmnop"�qrs� tuvw"qr� xyznow"qr�#]{#S� =|�}�� 2005a, b, c@�
21. Lecane closterocerca (Schmarda) =>? 4� > 5@N���� B����
~���1236 Hexarthidae
22. Hexarthra mira Hudson ~���123 =>? 3� > 1�2@����� B����
����� Gastrotrica
��� Chaetonotoidea
�04236 Chaetonotoidae
1. Gen. et sp.
����� �� A'(�
��"������� 423
����� Nematoda
1. Gen. et sp� ��� 10� � 4�5����� �������������� ������� !"#$%&'(�)*+,�-� ./01� 2/01� 3/01� 451� -67+��-8� 9:#$!8;<#$�=� >!=?�$�=�@A�BC8DE�FG7$�
����� Arthropoda
� Crustacea
HIJK Branchiopoda
LMN Cladocera
OPQ Sididae
1. Diaphanosoma macrophthalma Korovchinsky & Mirabdullaev ��� 5� � 2�RS�� Diaphanosoma T-��� %&'(�UBC8DEVWX� @YZ?7�!+BC�[\8W$� 451]-�� G6=�^_8Z?7�#`�-�ab�cQ Daphniidae
2. Simocephalus vetulus (O. F. Muller) defab�c ��� 5� � 3�4�RS�� S. vetulus (O. F. Muller)T-��� S. mixtus Sars�#$g+W$8hi�=j$�2/01� 3/01Vkl�� m� S. exspinosus (Koch)8G6=no��8� pqr��stV�u� 2!vw� S. serrulatus (Koch)8hxyz?7� {|�1V+}*~7$���8W$�
3. Simocephalus exspinosus (Koch) ��defab�c2/01� 3/01� ��-�
��ab�cQ Chydoridae
4. Leydigia ciliata (Gauthier) ������dab�c ��� 6� � 4�����A��8Z?7��`�-� ��� ��!�~7$ L. leydigi (Schodler)�FG7$���8yz?7�8� ����8WX� @Y���!����-�-� @A�BC8DE�FG7$� 2/01�
5. Graptoleberis testudinaria Birge ���Oab�c ��� 6� � 1�2�./01� 3/01� ��-�
6. Camptocercus rectirostris Schodler ���ab�c ��� 6� � 3�2/01� ���8Z?7��`�-�
7. Pleuroxus laevis Sars ���f�e�Oab�c ��� 7� � 1�5�3/01� 451� ��(�-�
8. Alona rectangula Sars cOe ab�c ��� 8� � 1�2, 5�3/01� 451� ��-�
9. Biapertura intermedia Sars �e ��Oe ab�c ��� 8� � 3�4�./01� ��-�
10. Monospilus dispar Sars ���f��ab�c./01� ;_���-8� ������2=?��Z?7$�
2¡¢£¤ ¡¥£¦§¨©ª424
���� Ostracoda
���� Podocopa
�� ��� Cypridae
1. Gen. et sp. 1 ��� 10� � 1�2�����
2. Gen. et sp. 2 ��� 10� � 3������ ����
���� Copepoda
��� �� Harpacticoida
1. Gen. et sp� ��� 9� � 1�4������ ���� � !"#� $%&'()*+,-./)01234567894�
��� Insecta
:; Diptera
<=�� �>?� � Chaoboridae
1. Chaoborus flavicans (Meigen) ��� 11� � 1�2�@�� A/B& 2/8CDE� FG.H-I/8J 6KL"M� >?N-� OPQR- 3/
� 1. @�)ST4 Chaoborus �>?� &UV&GW (Total length)BXW (Head length)� S*YGWBZ[W (Antenna length)B&\]� 2003^ 3_ 18`abFG�(c: Chaoborus pallidus, d: Chaoborus flavicans)
efP�&ghCij 425
��������� ������ ������� ���������������� (Na-
gano et al., 2005)� ������ !�"#$%&�'(�)��*+,�-./���� �0�123/4�3��5���� 6278&9 Daphnia pulex Leydig�:�;<=� ���/����� 2003� 3> 18��?@!�AB5� BC� 8.5�14.4 mm� DC� 1.08E0.073
mm� FGC� 0.43E0.049 mm�H��2. Chaoborus pallidus (Fabricius) IJ 11� J 3�4K
�0� ��LM�� N���OPQ(;R�(� BC� 7.5�10.0 mm� DC� 0.98E0.076
mm� FGC� 0.33E0.030 mm�H�� J 1� 2003� 3> 18��?@��� 2��BC��DC1'SFGC��TU V��
���������� ����
WX��Y1'S�0Z�[\]�[ (2000)��^!�_`��� �a�� �)�1'S�)�5� 40b 81��(� cQ`d e�!�� fg��� 63b 130� I��� R hiK �<��[\jZ (2005)5� klm�n��op0qrZ� 103b 219���s`� �^!��� ��\�5 50b 132��t��h�����Z����5 53b 87���WX�Y�uv���OZ<(w<2� ��'x�� WX�Y1'S�05� �s;���yz���`d���Z<s{|}��~��31(� s���Z�/�� ������������WX��Y�1���s;���`d���5� ���2x����������<������2x�Z(<z� �q��0�w<z� ����!3/��0� ���0� ��D0� !0������<2��n"�`�n# ����5� 4�3�$<���<(��/�������� ���Z<s{|}��� <¡� ¢�£� ��¤��yz�s{¥���'x<%&�'(��s`��¦§�¨(��¦§ ¢�£� c©/Cz�~����� )ª��<2/����
� �
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Summary
The micro-organisms in 35 samples obtained from inside moats of the Imperial Palace of Japan in Tokyo
during the years 2000�2004 were studied, and only the additional species unrecorded in the previous survey
during the years 1996�1999 are enumerated. They are 49 species of 35 genera, viz. 10 species of 8 genera
in the Protozoa (8 species of Rhizopoda, and 2 species of Chiliatea), 22 species (including variety and
forma) of 12 genera in the Rotatoria, 1 species of the Gastrotricha, 1 species of the Nematoda, 15 species
of 13 genera in the Arthropoda (13 species of Crustacea, and 2 species of Insecta). In 20 samples obtained
in the previous survey, 81 species of 40 genera were recorded (Tanaka & Takeda, 2000), although the
nematod worms and insect larvae were not examined. As a result, at present, the micro-organisms are
known by a total of 130 species of 63 genera from four inside moats, Kami-dokan-bori, Naka-dokan-bori,
Shimo-dokan-bori and Hasuike-bori, and from a small pond, Hisago-ike. Comparing the limnological
fauna of the inside moats of the Imperial Palace of Japan with that of some ponds in the Akasaka Imperial
Gardens in Tokyo recorded by Tanaka et al. (2005), it is definitely said that the inside moats of the Imperial
Palace of Japan are still kept in good condition due to its large scale, though the Imperial Palace of Japan
is surrounded by artificial buildings in Metropolitan Tokyo.
[\¸,]�[¸-]¹.º#»426
� � � �
Brotos, E., 1959. Virnici-Rotatoria. Fauna CSR, 15, 969 pp.
Elster, H. J. & W. Ohle, 1972. Das Zooplankton der Binnengewasser. In Thienemann, A., Die Binnennge-wasser,
26, 294 pp. Stuttgart.
Koste, W., 1978. Rotatoria. Die Radertiere Mitteleuropas begrundet von Max Voigt. I, II. Gebruder Borntraeger,
673 pp., 234 pls. Berlin, Stuttgart.
�������� �� 1991� ����������������� 532 pp. ��� !"# �$�Nagano, M., M. Tanaka & A. Yagi, 2005. Vertical migration and horizontal distribution of Chaoborus larvae in
Lake Fukami-ike, Japan. Korean J. Limnol., 38 (Spec. Iss.): 27�30.
Ogden, G. G. & R. H. Hedley, 1980. An Atlas of Freshwater Testate Amoebae. 222 pp. British Museum, London.
Rudescu, L., 1960. Trochelminthes. Vol. II. Rotatoria. 1192 pp., Fauna Republicii Populare Romane.
Saether, O. A., 1972. Chaoboridae. In Thienemann, A., Die Binnenngewasser, 26: 257�280. Stuttgart.
Segers, H., 1995. Rotifera. Vol. 2: The Lecanidae (Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinver-
tebrates of the Continental Waters of the World., 6, 226 pp. SPB Academic Publishing.
De Smet, W. H. & R. Pourriot., 1997. Rotifera. Vol. 5. The Dicranophoridae (Monogononta) and: The Ituridae
(Monogononta). Guides to the Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental waters of the
World., 12, 344 pp. SPB Academic Publishing.
Smirnov, N. N., 1996. Cladocera. the Chydorinae and Sayciinae (Chydoridae) of the World. Guides to the
Identification of the Microinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World., 11, 197 pp. SPB
Academic Publishing.
%& ' 1999� ()*+,- � 151 pp. ./0 �$�1234 2002� ����5�6��������7� 584 pp. 89:� !"# 89:�1234�;13< 2000� =>?@ABCDEFGHI�� )*+ JK+LBMNK+� OPQRS
T (35): 233�244 �" 1�16.
[Tanaka, M. & M. Takeda, 2002. Protozoans, rotifers, cladocerans and copepods from the inside moats of the
Imperial Palace, Tokyo. Mem. natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, (35): 233�244 pls. 1�16.]
1234�;13<���UVW 2005� XYZ[\]^_`abcdef?g�I�h� OPQRST (39): 515�529 �" 1�14.
[Tanaka, M., M. Takeda & M. Nagano, 2005. Limnological faunae and florae of the ponds in the Akasaka
Imperial Gardens, Tokyo. Mem. natn. Sci Mus., Tokyo, (39): 515�529 pls. 1�14.]
=>@A?g�I�h 427
Explanation of Plates
�� 1 Plate 1
1�2. Arcella dentata; 3. Heleopera sphangi; 4. Didinium nasutum; 5. Thecamoeba sp.; 6�7. Mayorella vespertilio;
8. Mayorella sp.; 9. Brachonella spiralis.
�� 2 Plate 2
1�2. Brachionus falcatus; 3. Trichocerca bicristata; 4�5. Brachionus forficula; 6. Mytilina mucronata var. spinigera;
7. Brachionus quadridentatus var. ancylognathus.
�� 3 Plate 3
1�2. Hexarthra mira; 3�4. Trichocerca porcellus; 5. Rotaria elongata; 6. Encentrum sp.
�� 4 Plate 4
1. Lecane depressa; 2. Lecane stokesi; 3. Lecane flexilis; 4. Lecane bulla; 5. Lecane closterocerca; 6. Lepadella
rhomboides; 7. Lepadella patella f. similis; 8. Lepadella triptera; 9. Colurella uncinata f. bicuspidata; 10�11.
Keratella lenzi.
�� 5 Plate 5
1. Synchaeta pectinata; 2. Diaphanosoma macrophthalma; 3�4. Simocephalus vetulus �4� �����
�� 6 Plate 6
1�2. Graptoleberis testudinaria �1� �� 2� � ��� 3. Camptocercus rectirostris �������� 4.
Leydigia ciliata ��������
�� 7 Plate 7
1�5. Pleuroxus laevis �1�2� ���� 3� �������� 4�5� �����
�� 8 Plate 8
1�2. 5. Alona rectangular �1� ���� 2� ���� 5� � ��� 3. Biapertura intermedia �3� ���� 4������
�� 9 Plate 9
1�4. Harpacticoida, gen. et sp� �������� 1��
�� 10 Plate 10
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