iga 226: the geopolitics of energy - harvard university · the geopolitics of energy will examine...
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IGA 412: The Geopolitics of Energy Professor Meghan L. O’Sullivan
Harvard University’s Kennedy School
Spring 2014
Syllabus as of 26 February 2014
INDEX:
SECTION 1: Contact Information (page 2)
SECTION 2: Course Description (page 3)
SECTION 3: Course Policies, Assignments & Grading (page 4)
SECTION 4: Class Schedule (page 7)
SECTION 5: Required Texts & Reading List (page 16)
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SECTION 1: Contact Information
Faculty:
Professor Meghan O’Sullivan
Faculty Office: Littauer 329
Faculty Telephone: (617) 496-4308
Faculty Email: [email protected]
Faculty Assistant:
Leah Knowles
FA Office: Littauer 376A
FA Telephone: (617) 496-2737
FA Email:
Office Hours: Tuesdays from 2:15-4:00pm (starting
Jan 28th
). Please sign up on sheet
posted on door of L329
Course Assistant: Adam Papa
CA Email: [email protected]
Classes Times: Tues and Thurs from 11:40 AM – 1:00
PM in Littauer 230
Assignment submissions:
Share Folders and Files via Dropbox
with [email protected]
3
SECTION 2: Course Description
Energy has long been a major factor in the formulation of country strategies, the exercise of
national power, and in shaping international politics and security. As both concerns about
energy security and pressures to reduce carbon emissions intensify, countries are grappling to
situate their energy policies in the broader context of their grand strategies. Recent tensions
between Israel and Lebanon over recent natural gas findings in the Mediterranean Sea, China’s
seemingly relentless global quest for natural resources, and sanctions on oil exports from Iran
due to its nuclear pursuits demonstrate the nexus between international politics and energy needs.
Amidst these developments, a revolution in unconventional oil and gas is occurring in North
America, whose geopolitical implications are beginning be felt by countries from Europe to
Japan.
The Geopolitics of Energy will examine this intersection between international security, politics,
and energy issues. The course takes energy security as its launching point, exploring not only
how countries shape their grand strategies to meet their energy needs, but also how such actions
have implications for other countries and the international system. It looks at new technologies
and innovations – such as those making the extraction of shale gas and tight oil economical – and
how they are changing patterns of trade and could shape new alliances. Finally, while
acknowledging that oil and gas will be dominant for the next 20-40 years, the course considers
the consequences of a successful shift away from petroleum based economies to anticipate how a
new energy order will alter global politics in fundamental ways.
Four objectives define the course. Students can expect to 1) gain a greater understanding of the
energy security concerns of producer and consumer countries; 2) identify and analyze how
countries have altered their foreign policies, domestic efforts, and military strategies in light of
such concerns; 3) examine shifting trends in the energy realm, with a major focus on the
unconventional revolution; and 4) anticipate new patterns and structural shifts in the international
environment in light of these trends.
The course begins with an introductory section examining how energy has been a major
determinant of the international system in the past and exploring the current landscape in terms
of markets, governments, businesses, and international institutions. It then turns to examine
resource realities, including a deep dive into the unconventional revolution, the rise of resource
nationalism, and the nature of the resource curse. The course then examines a number of ways –
in the past, present, and possibly, in the future – how energy has been used as a means to project
power; we look at how OPEC, Russia, and others have used energy to advance broader national
security aims. The next section then explores the reverse: how countries and entities have used
their more conventional military, political, and economic power to protect and secure energy;
how should we view the U.S. presence in the Gulf or China’s actions in Africa? After a brief
examination of national security strategies and their geopolitical implications, the class
concludes with a section on new energy, asking how future developments in energy innovation
will affect the nature of politics and security.
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SECTION 3: Course Policies, Assignments, and Grading
IGA 412 is a graduate level course appropriate for those with an interest in energy and
international security and strategy. There are no prerequisites for the course. The focus of the
readings, lectures, class conversations and projects will be more political and strategic than
technical in nature. Students must be able to attend all classes; absence from more than one class
may be reflected in a student’s grade. They should expect to arrive on time and be prepared to
actively participate in class. No laptops will be permitted in the classroom except for those of
students who are making presentations. Cell phone use is also prohibited during class.
Student evaluation will be based on a variety of inputs as outlined in the box below. There will
be no final exam.
Activity/Assignment Percentage
of Grade
Date due
General class participation: The class participation grade
involves several components:
Being part of the general class conversation; the
course schedule indicates specific questions that will
be addressed in class; students should be prepared to
discuss them and to be cold-called.
Making a special effort to offer the perspective of the
country which you “represent” (see below).
Participating in class debates as structured around the
“Take a Position” assignments.
20%
NA
Write three of eight proposed policy memos: Students
can choose which memos to write. The only limitation is
that you cannot write an individual memo on the country
you represent with your group (see below)
Memos should be 3 pages in length (more will not
be read, less is not recommended), single-spaced,
12pt times new roman font, with one-inch margins
Memos area due by 8am on the day the topic is
being discussed.
Memos should NOT have footnotes or formal
citations, but you should still give credit to a
particular source in the body of the memo if you are
borrowing directly from it; A list of references (and
charts/graphs) may be included at the end of the
memo and will not count against the page limit
30%
Various
days
throughout
the
semester,
indicated
below
5
Memo topics include:
Option 1: To Mexican President Pena Nieto about
successfully reforming Pemex, the Mexican national
oil company;
Option 2: To the leader of a country (either
Afghanistan, Peru, or Sierra Leone) facing new
energy finds and wanting to avoid the resource curse;
Option 3: To President Putin or Gazprom chief
Alexey Miller explaining the possible implications of
the unconventional revolution for Russia and how
Russia might respond to them;
Option 4: To the Iraqi National Security Advisor
giving him advice on how Baghdad might overcome
its dispute with the Kurds over oil revenues;
Option 5: To King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia about
whether you believe that the United States will
withdraw its forces from the Gulf in the wake of the
U.S. boom in unconventional oil and gas.
Option 6: To the U.S. national security advisor on
the implications of China’s quest for energy resources
abroad and implications for U.S. policy.
Option 7: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) has asked for your opinion on how
the boom in unconventional energy will affect
climate change.
Option 8: President Obama has asked for your advice
on steps the United States can take to better position
itself abroad, given its new energy prowess.
Please name your files according to the convention:
“Last Name, First Name – Policy Memo Option N”
where N is the option number; Please be sure to
include your name and the assignment name/number
in the body of your file as well.
Address three of six “Take a Position” propositions
delineated in the class schedule below. Students will be
asked to argue for or against the proposition by
submitting a view of no more than 350 words by 10 pm
before the day the topic is to be discussed in class.
20%
Various
days
throughout
the
semester
6
Take a position topics include:
Option 1: The revolution in unconventional energy in
the United States will not be replicated abroad
Option 2: There is no relationship between oil and
democracy.
Option 3: Consumers should be careful what they
wish for: a collapse of OPEC would not bring the
benefits commonly perceived.
Option 4: Consumers should be careful what they
wish for: a collapse of OPEC would not bring the
benefits commonly perceived.
Option 5: China’s rise and thirst for energy will
eventually lead to international military conflict.
Option 6: Renewable energies such as solar and wind
are subject to the same geopolitical complications as
oil and gas.
Please name your files according to the convention:
“Last Name, First Name – Take a Position N” where
N is the option number; Please be sure to include
your name and the assignment name/number in the
body of your file as well.
Country Specific Strategy for Geopolitics and Energy.
A 20-25 page strategy for one of 15 countries which each
student will select at the beginning of the course. The
strategy document will be a team effort, where the five
students “representing” the same country come together
to formulate the strategy. All members of the group will
get the same grade. The reports are due by 11:59pm on
April 17th
30%
April 17
Formatting requirements for assignments:
All papers should be single spaced, use Times New Roman 12pt font, and have
one inch margins.
Additional details on assignment submissions will be provided in a separate memo
7
SECTION 4: Class Schedule
Please note that the schedule below may change in small respects – in terms of the
sequence and possibly timing of certain classes – to accommodate guest speakers or
exciting opportunities as they arise. We will do our best to give you plenty of advance
notice.
Class Date Topic Main Questions
Assignment, If
Any
UNIT 1: ENERGY AS A DETERMINANT OF INTERNATIONAL
POLITICS AND SECURITY
1
Thursday
January
23
Shopping Day:
Introduction;
Overview of Course
and Requirements
What is the “geopolitics of
energy”? How has the idea of
energy security evolved?
2
Tuesday
January
28
Energy as a
Determinant of
International
Politics and Security
How have energy transitions
transpired in the past? What is a
strategic commodity? How has
energy, as a strategic commodity
shaped the international system in
the past? To what extent has
energy determined alliances, the
outcomes of wars, the pace of
development, and the rise and fall
of empires?
Be prepared to
discuss readings in
class.
3
Thursday
January
30
The Global Energy
Landscape:
Demand, Supply,
and Price
What are the factors influencing
global energy markets and the
major trends on today’s energy
landscape? What factors are
driving the fundamentals (demand,
supply, and price)? What are the
projections for demand and supply
– what challenges do they portend?
To what extent does supply and
demand depend on geopolitical
factors? What is the role of
governments in moving away from
oil and gas toward alternative
energies today and in the future?
8
UNIT 2: RESOURCE REALITIES
4
Tuesday
February
4
POLICY MEMO
Resource
Nationalism: The
Case of Latin
America
Guest Speaker
Professor Francisco
Monaldi
What has given rise to national oil
companies and what are the
implications for their control over
vast amounts of reserves? What
roles do NOCs often play in the
development of a country? How
have some countries sought to
reform their NOCs and introduce
greater competition? How does the
unconventional revolution in
energy create new incentives or
disincentives for resource
nationalism and NOCs?
Policy Memo
Option 1: What
advice would you,
as the energy
advisor to Mexican
President Pena
Nieto, give your
boss about
successfully
reforming Pemex,
the Mexican
national oil
company?
Thursday
February
6
REVIEW CLASS
5
Tuesday
February
11
The Unconventional
Revolution in Oil
and Gas
What were the innovations that
underpin the massive uptick in
production of shale gas and tight oil
in the United States? What was the
perhaps unique set of factors –
beyond technology and geology –
that led to the explosive growth in
production? How likely is it that
other countries will enjoy the same
benefits from their unconventional
resources? What are the
uncertainties surrounding the
trajectory of this revolution –
environmental, geological,
political?
Take a Position
Option 1: The
revolution in
unconventional
energy in the
United States will
not be replicated
abroad.
6
Thursday
February
13
The Unconventional
Revolution in Oil
and Gas, continued
What are the prospects of other
countries replicating the
unconventional revolution? What
are some of the geopolitical
implications for the United States?
9
7
Tuesday
February
18
Class Guest
President Felipe
Calderon, former
president of Mexico
What are the key elements of
Mexico’s new energy reforms?
What are the hopes and prospects?
What were the political deals that
had to be made to achieve them?
What remains to be done? What
are the biggest challenges to
implementation?
You can still
submit the policy
memo #1 (above)
regarding Mexican
energy reform
should you want.
8am deadline on
2/18.
Wed
February
19 5:00-
6:30 PM
Class Happy Hour Daedalus, Upstairs, 45 Mount
Auburn Street, Cambridge
Come join your
classmates, Adam,
and me in an
informal setting!
Thursday
February
20
10:10-
11:30am
Outside Class
Speaker Opportunity,
Faisod Room
Luay Al Khatteb, Director and
Founder of Iraq Energy Institute,
speaks on “Iraq, the Kurds, and
Turkey: Development of Energy
Resources under Political
Uncertainty.”
Please RSVP to
Amanda Propst,
HKS. The first 20
students to RSVP
will get priority.
8
Thursday
February
20
POLICY MEMO
The Resource Curse
What are the components of the
alleged “resource curse? How does
the discovery and exploitation of
resources affect the development of
a country’s political institutions? Is
the resource course inevitable?
What policy advice would you give
President Ernest Bai Koroma of
Sierra Leone, President Hamid
Karzai of Afghanistan, or President
Ollanta Humala of Peru – leaders of
three countries who recently
discovered potentially significant
amounts of natural resources?
Policy Memo
Option 2: What
advice would you
give one of the
presidents of
Sierra Leone,
Afghanistan, or
Peru about how to
develop his
country’s natural
resources?
Friday,
February
21
Neustadt
Classrm
RG-20
Outside Class
Speaker Opportunity
Maria Van der Hoeven, Executive
Director of the International Energy
Agency
First 15 students to
email Leah
Knowles will be
given priority.
10
9
Tuesday
February
25
Guest Drop In:
Deputy Secretary of
Energy of the United
States Dan Poneman
Resource
Endowments and
the Nature of the
State: what is the
relationship
between democracy
and oil?
How does the discovery and
exploitation of resources affect the
development of a country’s
political institutions? Will a
decline in the price of oil help or
hinder political reform? Have the
revolutions in the Arab world told
us anything about the resilience of
regimes reliant on oil revenues?
Take a Position
Option 2: There is
no relationship
between oil and
democracy.
UNIT 3: ENERGY AS A MEANS OF NATIONAL POWER: Using Energy
to Project Power
10
Thursday
February
27
Consumer Leverage
and the Use of
Sanctions: The Case
of Iran
What sort of leverage do consumers
of energy have? Under what
circumstances have consumer
countries been able to use energy as
a weapon? When are sanctions
most likely to succeed? What has
been the cost of sanctions on
energy producing states? How are
current U.S., UN, and international
sanctions on Iran affecting energy
interests?
Take a Position
Option 3:
Unconventional
revolution in oil
and gas opens the
possibility of the
more vigorous use
of sanctions.
Monday,
March 3
Belfer
Library
12:15pm-
1:45pm
Outside Class
Speaker Opportunity
Adnan Shihab Eldin, former
OPEC Secretary General
Sarah Donahue,
HKS, will accept
RSVPs once
announcement is
made
11 Tuesday
March 4 Russia and Europe
What is the energy relationship
between Russia and Europe? Is
European reliance on Russian
natural gas a threat to European
prosperity or security? If so, what
has been or could be done to
mitigate this threat and what is the
role of diplomacy in realizing such
outcomes? How, if at all, has the
unconventional revolution affected
Policy Memo
Option 3: Write a
memo to President
Putin or Gazprom
chief Alexey Miller
explaining the
possible
implications of the
unconventional
11
the European-Russian relationship
thus far? What might be the affect
of it in the future?
revolution for
Russia and how
Russia might
respond to them.
12 Thursday
March 6
Business and
Geopolitics: The
Southern Gas
Corridor - Al Cook, BP VP for
Shah Deniz
- Elshad Nasirov, Vice-
President of SOCAR
for Marketing and
Strategy
- Michael Hoffman,
External Affairs TAP
- Brenda Shaffer,
Visiting Professor
Georgetown Univ.
Several insiders come to speak to
us about the December 17, 2013
decision of the Shah Deniz
Consortium to develop the second
stage of the Shah Deniz gas field,
which opens the door to completing
the pipelines of the southern gas
corridor to deliver Caspian gas to
Europe while avoiding Russian
territory. How did geopolitics
affect this decision? What
methodology did the consortium
use to make this decision on a
mega-gas project?
13
Monday
March
10
4:10pm-
5:30pm
SPECIAL CLASS
at DIFFERENT
TIME to
ACCOMMODATE
GUEST SPEAKER
Guest Speaker:
Adam Sieminski
Administrator of the U.S. Energy
Information Agency (EIA)
14
Tuesday
March 11
PRODUCER CASE
STUDY
The Implications of
Iraq’s Energy
Strategy
Guest in Class:
Dr. Mowaffak al
Rubaie, former Nat’l
Security Advisor for
Iraq
How can Iraq translate its energy
wealth into domestic prosperity and
influence in the region? What is
the energy strategy of Iraq, a
strategic producer country, and
what are the geopolitical
implications of this strategy?
Policy Memo
Option 4: Write to
the Iraqi National
Security Advisor
giving him advice
on how Baghdad
might overcome its
dispute with the
Kurds over oil
revenues.
12
15 Thursday
March 13
GROUP EXERCISE
OPEC Today: How
to meet the
challenge of
unconventional
supply?
Students will be assigned a country
to represent and an “OPEC group”
of which to be part. On the day of
class, you will break into your
OPEC groups and seek to come up
with a common assessment and
strategy for dealing with the extra
supply generated from the
unconventional revolution, if one is
needed at all.
Post Exercise
Task: Groups
should collectively
submit an email to
Adam before end
of the day on
Wednesday
explaining the key
elements of your
approach. One
page is sufficient.
March 15-23: Spring Break
16 Tuesday
March 25
Cartelization:
OPEC and the
GECF
To what extent does the formation
of cartels produce strategic
advantage to its participants? How
has OPEC wielded political
influence over the decades – and
are the constraints on OPEC
internal or external? Is OPEC still
a force to be reckoned with today?
Should consumer countries hope
for OPEC’s collapse?
Take a Position
Option 4:
Consumers should
be careful what
they wish for: a
collapse of OPEC
would not bring
the benefits
commonly
perceived.
UNIT 4: ENERGY AS AN END TO FOREIGN POLICY AND SECURITY
STRATEGIES:
The Use of Power to Protect and Secure Energy
17 Thursday
March 27
POLICY MEMO
The United States in
the Gulf
What is the “true” cost of oil in the
United States? Why does the
United States maintain a military
presence in the Gulf? How valid
are claims that the 1991 and 2003
wars against Iraq were about oil?
How does the fact that the United
States will no longer need to import
Middle Eastern oil affect U.S.
foreign policy toward that region of
the world?
Policy Memo
Option 5: Write a
memo to King
Abdullah of Saudi
Arabia about
whether you, his
ambassador to
Washington DC,
believe that the
United States will
withdraw its forces
from the Gulf in
the wake of the
U.S. boom in
unconventional oil
and gas.
13
18 Tuesday
April 1
China’s Rise and
Thirst for Energy:
Is great power
conflict inevitable?
What are the connections between
energy and politics in China? What
are the projections for growth in
Chinese energy demand and how does
China expect to meet these needs?
What implications does this quest for
energy have for Chinese foreign policy
and, more specifically, how might it
create friction with the United States or
China’s more immediate neighbors?
How might the development of
China’s unconventional energy
resources change this picture?
Take a Position
Option 5: China’s
rise and thirst for
energy will
eventually lead to
international
military conflict.
19
Thursday
April 3
POLICY MEMO
Resource
Mercantilism;
China in Africa
What forms does energy
mercantilism take? How has China
sought to secure the energy it needs
to develop? What are the
implications of China’s strategy for
Africa? For the United States?
What new power alliances could or
are emerging as a result of the trend
toward energy mercantilism?
Policy Memo
Option 6: Write a
memo to the U.S.
national security
advisor on the
implications of
China’s quest for
energy resources
abroad and
implications for
U.S. policy. (See
case prompt
distributed in
class.)
20 Tuesday
April 8
CASE EXERCISE
The Geopolitical
Implications of
Pakistan’s National
Energy Strategy
Students will be assigned roles and
groups representing key members
of the Pakistani cabinet. They will
be provided with a simple computer
model, which will facilitate group
discussion regarding what is the
link between energy and security in
Pakistan? What strategy should
Pakistan adopt to address its
immediate and long term energy
needs? What choices does Pakistan
Post Exercise
Task: Groups
should collectively
submit an email to
Adam before end
of the day on
Wednesday
explaining the
rationale behind
their choices for
14
have in seeking to address its
energy challenges – and what are
the various geopolitical
implications of these choices?
Pakistan. One
page is sufficient.
UNIT 5: ALTERNATIVE, RENEWABLE, AND NEW ENERGY AND
GEOPOLITICS
21
Thursday
April 10
Geopolitical
Consequences of a
Shift to Nuclear
Power
Guest Speaker:
Professor Matt Bunn,
Director of Managing
the Atom Program
What would it take to make nuclear
power more viable as an alternative
to fossil fuels? What would be the
geopolitical repercussions if these
obstacles were surmounted? Is
nuclear power a viable option in the
Middle East and North Africa?
22 Tuesday
April 15
CASE STUDY
Geopolitical
Consequences of
Solar Energy: The
Case of DESERTEC
What is the potential for solar in
solving some of the energy
dilemmas of Europe and North
Africa? What geopolitical issues
come into play when one considers
the development and export of
solar-powered electricity? Are
their similarities and differences
than the issues associated with oil
and gas? What obstacles need to be
surmounted for DESERTEC to be
realized?
Take a Position
Option 6:
Renewable
energies such as
solar and wind are
subject to the same
geopolitical
complications as
oil and gas.
23 Thursday
April 17
Geo-Engineering
and International
Institutions
Guest Speaker:
Professor David
Keith
What happens if the world fails to
meet the challenge of changing its
behavior sufficiently to prevent
potentially catastrophic climate
change? Does science have any
other options to offer? What are
some of the politically complicated
realities around geo-engineering?
Are current international
institutions well suited to managing
its use?
15
24 Tuesday
April 22
National Security,
the Unconventional
Revolution, and
Climate Change
What are the implications of
climate change for national
security? What are the direct and
indirect mechanisms through which
climate change can affect energy
security? To what extent are efforts
to manage climate change and
energy security complementary or
in conflict?
Policy Memo
Option 7: The
Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)
has asked for your
opinion on how the
boom in
unconventional
energy will affect
climate change.
UNIT 6: CONCLUSIONS AND FINAL THOUGHTS
25 Thursday
April 24
Selected
Presentations of
Country Strategies
for Geopolitics and
Energy
26 Tuesday
April 29
Selected
Presentations of
Country Strategies
for Geopolitics and
Energy
27 Thursday
May 1
WRAP UP and
U.S. Energy
Strategy and
Foreign Policy in
Light of the
Unconventional
Revolution
How can the United States turn its
newfound energy fortunes into
tangible advantages in the
international realm? How has the
world changed on account of the
unconventional revolution – either
to its advantage or disadvantage?
How might the United States
proactively develop a strategy that
blends energy and foreign policy
and national security?
Policy Memo
Option 8: Write a
Memo to President
Obama with your
advice on steps the
United States can
take to better
position itself
abroad, given its
new energy
prowess.
16
SECTION 5: Required Texts and Reading List Required Texts:
Daniel Yergin, The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern World,
(New York: Penguin Press), 2011.
David L. Goldwyn and Jan H. Kalicki (eds.), Energy and Security: Strategies for a World
in Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013).
Andreas Goldthau (eds.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy (John Wiley & Sons,
2013). – Harvard students can access the e-book with their Harvard ID and pin at
http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.ebook:WOB_9781118326275 ; Cross-registrants can
access the e-book through guest computers in the HKS Library (and MIT cross-
registrants should also be able to access the e-book through their MIT online catalogue).
Please consult an HKS Librarian for additional guidance.
Optional Texts:
Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power (Free Press), 2008.
Copies of the required books and all of the readings not available online will be held on reserve
in the HKS Library.
UNIT 1: ENERGY AS A DETERMINANT OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM
Class 1: Thursday January 23
Topic: Shopping Day
Required:
(2 pages) “From the Editor: Energy Geopolitics in the 21st Century,” Journal of Energy
Security, April 2012.
(http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=350:energy-
geopolitics-in-the-21st-century&catid=122:fromtheditor&Itemid=389).
(17 pages) Gal Luft and Anne Korin, “Energy Security: In the Eyes of the Beholder,” in
Energy Security Challenges for the 21st Century (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Security
International), 2009, Chapter 1 - pp. 1-17.
Class 2: Tuesday, January 28
Topic: Energy as a Determinant of the International System
17
Required:
Be sure to have read the required readings from January 23 (above).
(14 pages) Meghan O’Sullivan, “The Entanglement of Energy, Grand Strategy, and
International Security,” in Andreas Goldthau (eds.), The Handbook of Global Energy
Policy (John Wiley & Sons, 2013), Chapter 2, pp. 30-43.
(17 pages) Daniel Yergin, “Energy Security and Markets,” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L.
Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security: Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns
Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 2, pp. 69-85.
Optional:
Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, 2008, Excerpt
from Chapter 8 - pp. 134-138; Exerpts from Chapters 16-19 - pp. 310-370; Excerpts from
Chapter 23 - pp. 432-460; Excerpt from Chapter 27 - pp. 524-526; Excerpt from Chapter
21 - pp. 404-408.
Yegor Gaidor, Collapse of an Empire: Lessons for Modern Russia (Washington DC:
Brookings Institution Press), 2007.
Class 3: Thursday January 30
Topic: The Global Energy Landscape: Demand, Supply, and Price
Required:
(43 pages) Richard G. Newell and Stuart Iler, “The Global Energy Outlook” in Energy
and Security: Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press,
2013), Chapter 2, pp. 25-68.
(8 pages) International Energy Agency, “Executive Summary,” World Energy Outlook
2013, OECD, 2013, pp. 23-29. (PDF of whole report on course page)
Optional:
(5 pages) BP Statistical Review of World Energy, JUN-2013, pp. 1-5.
http://www.bp.com/content/dam/bp/pdf/statistical-
review/statistical_review_of_world_energy_2013.pdf
OPEC, World Oil Outlook 2013, Executive Summary. December 2013.
http://www.opec.org/opec_web/static_files_project/media/downloads/publications/Execu
tive_Summary_WOO2013.pdf
(10 page synopsis) David MacKay, Sustainable Energy – Without the Hot Air,
18
(Cambridge, UK: UIT Publishers), 2009. http://www.withouthotair.com/synopsis10.pdf
(17 pages) Christopher Allsopp and Bassam Fattouh “The Oil Market: Context, Selected
Features, and Implications,” in Andreas Goldthau (eds.), The Handbook of Global Energy
Policy (John Wiley & Sons, 2013), Chapter 5 – pp. 81-97.
(14 pages) Daniel Yergin, “Chapter 11: Is the World Running Out of Oil?” The Quest:
Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern World, (New York: Penguin Press),
2011, pp. 227-241.
(13 pages) Christof Ruehl, “Global Energy After the Crisis,” Foreign Affairs,
March/April 2010, pp. 63-75.
http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/trinidad_and_tobago/STAGING/home_assets/c
hristof-ruehl-global-energy-after-crisis.pdf
World Economic Forum, The Future of Oil: Meeting the Challenges, Spring 2007, pp.
11-27. (16 pages) http://www.weforum.org/pdf/ip/energy/EnergyVisionUpdate2007-
Spring%20-%20Final.pdf
UNIT 2: RESOURCE REALITIES
Class 4: Thursday February 4
Topic: Resource Nationalism: The Case of Latin America
Speaker: Professor Francisco Monaldi
Assignment: Memo Option 1, 8am the day of class
Required:
Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, 2008, pp. 212-216;
pp. 254-262. (12 pages)
(14 pages) Thomas F. McLarty, “Latin America” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L.
Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security: Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns
Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 16 – pp. 344-357.
(23 pages) Noel Maurer and Aldo Musacchio, Pemex (A): In a Free Fall? HBS Case 9-
713-051, 17 January 2013.
(4 pages) Randal C. Archibold, “Mexico’s Pride, Oil, May Be Opened to Outsiders,” New
York Times, 12-DEC-2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/13/world/americas/mexico-
oil.html?hpw&rref=business
Optional:
19
(8 pages) Charles McPherson, “National Oil Companies: Ensuring Benefits and Avoiding
Systematic Risks,“ in Andreas Goldthau (ed.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy
(John Wiley & Sons, 2013), Chapter 9, pp. 146-153.
(6 pages) “Resource Nationalism Update,” EY’s Global Mining & Metals Center, OCT-
2013
http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY-M-and-M-Resource-nationalism-
update-October-2013/$FILE/EY-M-and-M-Resource-nationalism-update-October-
2013.pdf
(7 pages) “Supermajordämmerung: The Day of the Huge Integrated International Oil
Company is Drawing to a Close,” The Economist, 03-AUG-2013
http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21582522-day-huge-integrated-international-
oil-company-drawing
o (9 pages) “Oil and Gas Reality Check 2013: A Look at the Top Issues Facing the Oil and
Gas Sector,” Deloitte, 2013, pp. 14-22
http://www.deloitte.com/assets/Dcom-
BruneiDarussalam/Local%20Assets/Documents/oil_gas_reality_check_2013.pdf
(16 pages) Silvano Tordo, Brandon S. Tracy, and Noora Arfaa, “National Oil Companies
and Value Creation,” World Bank Working Paper, No. 218, 2011 pp. xi-xiv, 1-12
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTOGMC/Resources/9780821388310.pdf
(2 pages) David Gardner, “Not All Forms of Resource Nationalism Are Alike,” Financial
Times, 18-AUG-2013.
http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/62be6d98-05df-11e3-ad01-00144feab7de.html
Tuesday, February 6
Topic: Optional review class (session moved to march 10th to accommodate a guest
speaker)
Class 5: Tuesday, February 11
Topic: The Unconventional Revolution in Oil and Gas: Opportunities and Constraints
Assignment: Take a Position Option 1, 10pm the night before class
Required:
(20 pages) Daniel Yergin, “Chapter 12: Unconventional,” The Quest: Energy, Security,
and the Remaking of the Modern World, (New York: Penguin Press), 2011, pp. 242-262.
(23 pages) Leonard Maugeri, The Unprecedented Upsurge of Oil Production Capacity
and What It Means for the World, Geopolitics of Energy Discussion Paper, June 2012.
20
(Pages 41-64 only) http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Oil-
%20The%20Next%20Revolution.pdf
(13 pages) “Natural Gas Going Global? Potential and Pitfalls,” in Andreas Goldthau
(ed.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy (John Wiley & Sons, 2013), Chapter 6 –
pp. 98-111.
Optional:
(17 pages) David Victor “The Gas Promise,” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn
(eds.), Energy and Security: Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins
University Press, 2013), Chapter 3 – pp. 88-104.
(5 pages) Jozef Badida, “A Golden Age of Natural Gas in Europe?” Journal of Energy
Security, April 2013
http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=440:a-golden-
age-of-natural-gas-in-europe&catid=135:issue-content&Itemid=419
(15 pages) Fan Gao, “Will There Be a Shale Gas Revolution in China by 2020?” Oxford
Institute For Energy Studies, NG 61, APR-2012, pp. 22-36.
http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/NG-61.pdf
(23 pages) Jonas Gratz, “Unconventional Resources: The Shifting Geographies and
Geopolitics of Energy,” Strategic Trends 2012, (Zurich: Center for Security Studies),
2012, pp. 79-102.
(9 pages) Stephen P.A. Brown, “The Shale Gas and Tight Oil Boom: U.S. States’
Economic Gains and Vulnerabilities,” Council on Foreign Relations, OCT-2013.
http://www.cfr.org/united-states/shale-gas-tight-oil-boom-us-states-economic-gains-
vulnerabilities/p31568
(5 pages) Maximlian Kuhn and Frank Umbach, “The Geoeconomic and Geopolitical
Implications of Unconventional Gas in Europe,” Journal of Energy Security, August
2011. (http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=320:the-
geoeconomic-and-geopolitical-implications-of-unconventional-gas-in-
europe&catid=118:content&Itemid=376).
(16 pages) Daniel Yergin, The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern
World, (New York: Penguin Press), 2011, Chapter 16, “The Natural Gas Revolution,” pp.
325-341.
(12 pages) John Deutch, “The Good News About Gas”, Foreign Affairs 2011. http://ezp-
prod1.hul.harvard.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db
=aph&AN=56625795&site=ehost-live&scope=site (follow the link and click where it
says “HTML Full Text” on the left side of the page)
21
(13 pages) Secretary of Energy Advisory Board, Shale Gas Production Subcommittee
Second Ninety Day Report, U.S. Department of Energy¸18 November 2011, pp. 1-10, 16-
18. http://www.shalegas.energy.gov/resources/111811_final_report.pdf
Class 6: Thursday, February 13
Topic: The Unconventional Revolution in Oil and Gas: Prospects for Going Global
Required:
Review readings from Class 5 on Tuesday February 11
Class 7: Tuesday, February 18
Topic: Mexican Energy Reform
Speaker: Felipe Calderon, former President of Mexico
Assignment: Memo Option 1 (extended deadline)
Required:
Review readings from Class 4 on Thursday February 4
Class 8: Thursday, February 20
Topic: The Resource Curse
Speaker: Daniel Yergin, author of The Prize and The Quest
Assignment: Memo Option 2, due 8am the day of class
Required:
(17 pages) Charles McPherson, “Governance, Transparency, and Sustainable
Development” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security:
Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 19,
pp. 444-460.
(21 pages) Andrew Bauer and Juan Carlos Quiroz, “Resource Governance,” in Andreas
Goldthau (eds.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy (John Wiley & Sons, 2013),
Chapter 15 – pp. 244-264
(13 pages) Diamond, Larry; Mosbacher, Jack. “Petroleum to the People,” Foreign
Affairs. Sep/Oct2013, Vol. 92 Issue 5, pp. 86-98.
http://media.hoover.org/sites/default/files/documents/diamond_mosbacher_latest3.pdf
(7 pages) James M. Roberts and John A. Robinson, “Property Rights Can Solve the
Resource Curse,” Index of Economic Freedom (2013), Chapter 5.
http://www.heritage.org/index/book/chapter-5
22
Watch: PBS News Hour, “Valuable Mineral Resources Found in Afghanistan,” 14 June
2010, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQNQfaTNK14
Watch: In Focus, “Peru’s Petroleum Play,”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Opg7KsZUEmk&playnext=1&list=PLBCC2E10AC5
9021A3&feature=results_video
Optional:
(21 pages) Richard Dobbs, et al, “Reverse the Curse: Maximizing the Potential of
Resource-Driven Economies,” McKinsey Global Institute, December 2013, pp. 1-21
http://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/dotcom/Insights/Energy%20Resources%2
0Materials/Reverse%20the%20curse%20Maximizing%20the%20potential%20of%20res
ource%20driven%20economies/MGI%20Reverse%20the%20curse_Full%20report_Dec
%202013.ashx
(17 pages) Mark Delorey, Patricia Gude, Julia Haggerty, and Ray Rasker, “Oil and Gas
Extraction as an Economic Development Strategy in the American West: A Longitudinal
Performance Analysis, 1980-2011” In review in the Journal of Energy Economics, 2013.
http://headwaterseconomics.org/wphw/wp-
content/uploads/OilAndGasSpecialization_Manuscript_2013.pdf
(10 pages) Paul Stevens and Evelyn Dietsche, “Resource Curse: An Analysis of Causes,
Experiences and Possible Ways Forward,” Energy Policy 2008.
http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezp-
prod1.hul.harvard.edu/science/article/pii/S030142150700434X
(23 pages) Paul Segal, “How to Spend It: Resource Wealth and the Distribution of
Resources Rents,” Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, May 2012, pp. 1-23.
http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/SP_25.pdf
Class 9: Tuesday, February 25
Topic: Resource Endowments & the Nature of the State
Speaker: US Deputy Secretary of Energy, Dan Poneman
Assignment: Take a Position Option 2, due 10pm the night before class
Required:
(15 pages) Thomas L. Friedman, “The First Law of Petropolitics,” Foreign Policy, 19-
NOV-2013.
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2006/04/25/the_first_law_of_petropolitics
(20 pages) Tarzi, Shah M., and Nathan Schackow. "Oil And Political Freedom In Third
World Petro States: Do Oil Prices and Dependence On Petroleum Exports Foster
Authoritarianism?" Journal Of Third World Studies 29, no. 2 (Fall 2012): 231-250
23
(6 pages) Daniel Yergin, The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern
World, (New York: Penguin Press), 2011, Excerpt of Chapter 14 - pp. 291-296 (“The
Social Foundations” heading until “Iraq’s Potential” heading).
(6 pages) Paul D. Miller, “The Fading Arab Oil Empire,” The National Interest,
July/August 2012, pp. 38-43.
Optional:
(33 pages) F. Gregory Gause III, “Kings For All Seasons: How the Middle East’s
Monarchies Survived the Arab Spring,” Brookings Doha Center,
http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2013/09/24%20resilience%20ar
ab%20monarchies%20gause/resilience%20arab%20monarchies_english.pdf
(3 pages) Vali Nasr, “Business, Not as Usual,” International Monetary Fund, Finance &
Development, Vol. 50, MAR-2013
https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2013/03/point.htm
(25 pages) Michael Ross, “The Political Economy of the Resource Curse,” World
Politics, vol. 51, No. 2, January 1999, pp. 297-322. http://www.jstor.org.ezp-
prod1.hul.harvard.edu/stable/pdfplus/25054077.pdf
(6 pages) Michael L. Ross, “Will oil drown the Arab spring?” Foreign Affairs, Sep/Oct
2011, Vol. 90 Issue 5, pp. 2-7. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/68200/michael-l-
ross/will-oil-drown-the-arab-spring
(28 pages) Sarah M. Brooks and Marcus Kurtz, “Oil and Democracy: Endogenous
Natural Resources and the Political ‘Resource Curse’ “Presentation at the 2012 Annual
Meetings of the American Political Science Association, SEP-2012.
http://www.yale.edu/leitner/resources/papers/Brooks_Kurtz_2013_Oil%20and%20Demo
cracy.pdf
(7 pages) Robert Mabro, Helima Croft, Amrita Sen, Hakim Darbouche, and John
Hamilton, “Political Events in the Middle East and their Impact on Energy,” Oxford
Energy Forum, May 2011, pp. 3-11. http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-
content/uploads/2011/05/OEF-84.pdf
UNIT 3: ENERGY AS A MEANS OF NATIONAL POWER: Using Energy to Project
Power
Class 10: Thursday, February 27
Topic: Consumer Leverage and the Use of Sanctions: The Case of Iran
Assignment: Take a Position Option 3, due 8am before class
24
Required:
(8 pages) Meghan L. O’Sullivan, Shrewd Sanctions: Statecraft and State Sponsors of
Terrorism (Brookings Institution Press), 2003 Excerpt from Chapter 2 - pp. 24-32.
(26 pages) David Ramin Jalilvand, “Iran’s Gas Exports: Can Past Failure Become Future
Success?” Oxford Institute For Energy Studies, NG 78, JUN-2013.
http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/NG-78.pdf
(16 pages) Kenneth Katzman, “Iran Sanctions,” Congressional Research Service, 11-
OCT-2013, pp. 49-64. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RS20871.pdf
(6 pages) Mehmet Kinaci, “Tightening Oil Sanctions on Iran,” Journal of Energy
Security, 7 August 2012.
(http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=372:tightening-
oil-sanctions-on-iran&catid=128:issue-content&Itemid=402).
Optional:
(20 pages) Anthony H. Cordesman, “US and Iranian Strategic Competition: Sanctions,
Energy, Arms Control, and Regime Change,” Center for Strategic & International
Studies, 19-APR-2013, Executive Summary pp. i-xix.
http://csis.org/files/publication/120124_Iran_Sanctions.pdf
(2 pages) Uri Berliner, “Crippled By Sanctions, Iran’s Economy Key in Nuclear Deal,”
NPR, 25-NOV-2013
http://www.npr.org/2013/11/25/247077050/crippled-by-sanctions-irans-economy-key-in-
nuclear-deal
(1 page) “Sanctions Reduced Iran’s Oil Exports and Revenues in 2012,” US Energy
Information Administration, 26-APR-2013
http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=11011
(6 pages) “The Lengthening List of Iran Sanctions,” Council on Foreign Relations, 14-
OCT-2013. http://www.cfr.org/iran/lengthening-list-iran-sanctions/p20258#
(12 pages) Daniel Drezner, “Sanctions Sometimes Smart: Targeted Sanctions in Theory
and Practice,” International Studies Review, Vol.13, Issue 1, 2011, pp. 96-108.
(8 pages) Robert McNally, “Managing Oil Market Disruption in a Confrontation with
Iran,” Council on Foreign Relations Energy Brief, January 2012, pp. 1-8.
http://www.cfr.org/iran/managing-oil-market-disruption-confrontation-iran/p27171
(16 pages) Suzanne Maloney, “Sanctioning Iran: If Only It Were So Simple,” The
Washington Quarterly, January 2010, pp. 131-147. (16 pages)
25
http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/articles/2010/01_iran_sanctions_maloney/01
_iran_sanctions_maloney.pdf
Class 11: Tuesday, March 4
Topic: Russia and Europe
Assignment: Memo Option 3, due 8am the day of class
Required:
(15 pages) Pierre Noel, “European Gas Supply Security: Unfinished Business” in Jan H.
Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security: Strategies for a World in
Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 7 – pp. 169-183.
(14 pages) Gustafson, Thane. “Putin’s Petroleum Problem,” Foreign Affairs.
Nov/Dec2012, Vol. 91 Issue 6, pp. 83-96.
(29 pages) Michael Ratners, et al, “Europe’s Energy Security: Options and Challenges to
Natural Gas Supply Diversification,” Congressional Research Service, 20-AUG-2013.
http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R42405.pdf
(5 pages) Keith Johnson, “Putin’s Gas Gambit Backfires,” Foreign Policy, 12-DEC-2013
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/12/12/putins_gas_gambit_backfires
Optional:
(10 pages) James Henderson, “Tight Oil Developments in Russia,” Oxford Institute for
Energy Studies, WPM 52, OCT-2013, pp. 1-7, 20-21
http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/WPM-52.pdf
(14 pages) James Henderson and Patrick Heather, “Lessons from the February 2012
European Gas “Crisis,” Oxford Institute for Energy Studies: Energy Comment, April
2012, pp. 1-14. http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-
content/uploads/2012/04/Lessons-from-the-February-2012-gas-crisis.pdf
(17 pages) Ariel Cohen, “Russia: The Flawed Energy Superpower,” in Gal Luft and Anne
Korin (eds.), Energy Security Challenges for the 21st Century, (Greenwood Publishing
Group, 2009), Chapter 7 - pp. 91-108.
(18 pages) Ariel Cohen, “Energy Security in the Caspian Basin,” in Gal Luft and Anne
Korin (eds.), Energy Security Challenges for the 21st Century, (Greenwood Publishing
Group, 2009), Chapter 8 - pp. 109-127.
(15 pages) Kevin Rosner, “The European Union: On Energy, Disunity,” in Gal Luft and
Anne Korin (eds.), Energy Security Challenges for the 21st Century, (Greenwood
Publishing Group, 2009), Chapter 11 - pp. 160-175.
26
Class 12: Thursday, March 6
Topic: Business and Geopolitics: The Southern Gas Corridor
Speaker: Multiple Guests
Required:
Brenda Shaffer, “Caspian energy phase II: Beyond 2005,” Energy Policy, no. 38 (2010),
pp. 7209–7215. (Posted on Course Web Page).
Brenda Shaffer, Natural gas supply stability and foreign policy, Energy Policy, August
2012. (Posted on Course Web Page).
Brenda Shaffer, “Gas Politics After Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Shah Deniz, and Europe's Newest
Energy Partner,” Foreign Policy, 17 December 2013.
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/140569/brenda-shaffer/gas-politics-after-ukraine
Class 13: Thursday, March 10
Topic: Special Class Session
Speaker: Adam Sieminski, Administrator of the US Energy Information Agency (EIA)
Required:
If you did not read Richard G. Newell and Stuart Iler, “The Global Energy Outlook” in
Energy and Security: Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University
Press, 2013), Chapter 2, pp. 25-68, please go back and do so.
Check out the EIA website for their latest reports and assessments. http://www.eia.gov/
Class 14: Thursday, March 11
Topic: The Geopolitical Implications of Iraq’s National Energy Strategy, a Case Study
Speaker: Dr. Mowaffak al Rubaie, former Nat’l Security Advisor for Iraq
Assignment: Memo Option 4: Write a Memo to the Iraqi National Security Advisor giving
him advice on how Baghdad might overcome its dispute with the Kurds over oil revenues.
Required:
(38 pages) Sean Kane, “Iraq’s Oil Politics: Where Agreement Might Be Found,”U.S.
Institute of Peace, 2010.http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/iraq_oil_pw64.pdf
(14 pages) J. Robinson West and Raad Alkadiri, “Iraq, Iran, and the Gulf Region,” in Jan
H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security: Strategies for a World in
Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 10.
27
(22 pages) “Iraq Energy Outlook,” International Energy Agency, 2012, pp. 107-128
http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/WEO_2012_Iraq_Energy_O
utlookFINAL.pdf
Those writing the memo will want to consult IraqOilReport and Al Monitor Iraq Pulse for
up to date information.
Optional:
(38 pages) CASE Meghan L. O’Sullivan, “Iraq: Translating Underground Wealth Into
Power and Prosperity” (Geopolitics of Energy Case #1), Harvard Kennedy School of
Government, 2011, (on course page).
(2 pages) “Iraq Embraces China’s growing Oil Dominance,” Reuters, 30-OCT-2013
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/10/30/iraq-oil-china-idUSL5N0IK25420131030
(3 pages) Ben Van Heuvelen, “Iraq’s Kurdish Region Pursues Ties with Turkey – for
Energy Revenue and Independence,” Washington Post, 09-NOV-2013
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/iraqs-kurdish-region-pursues-ties-
with-turkey--for-oil-and-independence/2013/11/09/ffae210a-41a5-11e3-8b74-
d89d714ca4dd_story.html
(1 page) Alex Lawler and Peg Mackey, “Iran, Iraq Put OPEC on Notice of Big Oil
Increases,” Reuters, 03-DEC-2013
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/12/03/opec-iran-idUSL5N0JI32X20131203
(54 pages) Robert Ebel, Geopolitics and Energy in Iraq: Where Politics Rule, CSIS
Report, 5 August 2010, pp. 1-54.
http://csis.org/files/publication/I00730_Ebel_IraqGeopolitics_Web.pdf
Class 15: Thursday, March 13
Topic: OPEC Today: How to meet the challenge of unconventional supply?
Assignment: Post-exercise task
Required:
(12 pages) Dag Harald Claes, “Cooperation and Conflict in Oil and Gas Markets,” in
Andreas Goldthau (eds.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy (John Wiley & Sons,
2013), Chapter 11 – pp. 176-187.
(10 pages) Amy Myers Jaffe and Ed Morse, “The End of OPEC,” Foreign Policy, 16-
OCT-2013.
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/10/16/the_end_of_opec_america_energy_oil
28
(4 pages) Ajay Makan and Neil Hume, “Oil Supply: The Cartel’s Challenge,” Financial
Times, 01-DEC-2013.
http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/bc23bc7a-581a-11e3-82fc-00144feabdc0.html
(5 pages) Gal Luft, “To Drill or Not to Drill,” Foreign Policy, 04-JUN-2013.
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/05/27/to_drill_or_not_to_drill_saudi_arabia_
united_states_oil
(2 pages) Stephen Voss, Nayla Razzouk and Maher Chmaytelli, “OPEC to Study US
Shale Oil Bonanza as Export Concern Grows,” Bloomberg, 31-MAY-2013.
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-05-31/opec-to-study-u-s-shale-oil-bonanza-as-
exporter-concern-rises.html
(2 pages) Andrew Torchia, “Mideast Money – Shale Oil May Shift Economic Policies in
Nervous Gulf,” Reuters, 06-MAR-2013.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/03/06/gulf-economy-shale-
idUSL6N0BMCAL20130306
(2 pages) Selina Williams, “BP Says North America Shale Oil Boom Will Pressure
OPEC,” Wall Street Journal, 16-JAN-2013.
http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323468604578245650412849768
Optional:
(4 pages) Anna Shiryaevskaya and Jake Rudnitsky, “Gas Exporter Defend Pricing as
Courts Reject Link With Oil,” Bloomberg, 1-JUL-2013.
(3 pages) Gal Luft, “Fifty Years to OPEC: Time to Break the Oil Cartel,” Journal of
Energy Security, September 2010,
(http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=263:fifty-
years-to-opec-time-to-break-the-oil-
cartel&catid=110:energysecuritycontent&Itemid=366).
(4 pages) Nancy Brune, “50 Years Later: OPEC’s Continuing Threat to American
Security,” Journal of Energy Security, September 2010.
(http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=263:fifty-
years-to-opec-time-to-break-the-oil-
cartel&catid=110:energysecuritycontent&Itemid=366)
March 15-23: Spring Break
Class 16: Tuesday, March 25
Topic: Cartelization: OPEC and the GECF
Assignment: Take a Position Option 4, due 8am before class
29
Required:
(16 pages) Amy Myers Jaffe and Edward L. Morse, “OPEC: Can the Cartel Survive
Another 50 Years” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security:
Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 5 –
pp. 121-136.
(7 pages) Chakib Khelil, “Commentary on Part I” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L.
Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security: Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns
Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 5 – pp. 157-163.
(20 pages) Bassam Fattouh and Lavan Mahadeva, “OPEC: What Difference Has It
Made?” Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, MEP 3, JAN-2013.
http://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/MEP-3.pdf
(1 page) Alexander Kolyandr, “Putin: No Plans to Create Gas Cartel,” Wall Street
Journal, 1-JUL-2013
http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20130701-706596.html
(2 pages) Tyler Crowe, “Is Vladimir Putin Building a New OPEC?” Daily Finance, 9-
JUL-2013
http://www.dailyfinance.com/2013/07/09/is-vladimir-putin-building-a-new-opec/
Optional:
(76 pages) Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, 2008,
Chapter 24 - pp. 461-480; Excerpts from Chapters 25-27 - pp. 498-511; Chapter 29 - pp.
570-594; Chapter 33 - pp. 658-680, 726-749.
(63 pages) Anna Rubino, Queen of the Oil Club: The Intrepid Wanda Jablonski and the
Power of Information (Boston: Beacon Press), 2008, pp. 135-198.
UNIT 4: ENERGY AS AN END TO FOREIGN POLICY AND SECURITY
STRATEGIES:
The Use of Power to Protect and Secure Energy
Class 17: Thursday, March 27
Topic: The United States in the Gulf
Assignment: Policy Memo Option 5
Required:
(12 pages) Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power, chapter
37, “Crisis in the Gulf,” Chapter 37 - pp. 750-762.
30
(25 pages) Charles L. Glaser, “How Oil Influences U.S. National Security,” International
Security, Fall 2013, Vol. 38, No. 2, Pages 112-146.
(13 pages) Michael O’Hanlon, “How Much Does the United States Spend Protecting
Persian Gulf Oil?,” in Carlos Pascual and Evie Zambetakis (eds), Energy Security:
Economics, Politics, Strategies and Implications, (Washington DC: Brookings, 2010),
Chapter 3 - pp. 59-72.
(7 pages) Anthony H. Cordesman, “American Strategy and US ‘Energy Independence’”
Center for Strategic and International Studies, 21-OCT-2013.
http://csis.org/files/publication/131021_AmericanStrat_EnergyIndependence.pdf
(2 pages) Rachel Bronson, “Review: America’s Oil Wars,” International Journal of
Middle East Studies, Vol. 38, No. 4 (Nov., 2006), pp. 617-618.
Optional:
(3 pages) Anna Nadgrodkiewiz, “Review: America’s Appetite for Oil: The Past, Present,
and a Bumpy Road Ahead,” The Review of Politics, Vol. 68, No. 3, pp. 538-541.
(2 pages) Jon B. Altman, “What should the Middle East Expect from the United States
and its Allies?” Center for Strategic and International Studies, Global Forecast 2014
http://csis.org/files/publication/131109_gf14_alterman.pdf
(4 pages) Loren Thompson, “What Happens When America No Longer Needs Middle
East Oil?” Forbes. 3-DEC-2012.
http://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenthompson/2012/12/03/what-happens-when-america-no-
longer-needs-middle-east-oil/
(4 pages) Steve Coll, Private Empire: Exxon Mobil and American Power, (London:
Penguin Books) 2012, First 4 pages of Chapter 11 - pp. 227-230.
(12 pages) Daniel Yergin, The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern
World, (New York: Penguin Press), 2011, First 12 pages from Chapter 7 - pp. 141-153.
(4 pages) Steven Mufson, “A Crude Case for War?” The Washington Post, 16 March
2008. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-
dyn/content/article/2008/03/14/AR2008031403677_pf.html
(11 pages) Michael T. Klare. "Petroleum Anxiety and militarization," in Daniel Moran
and James Russell (eds.), Energy Security and Global Politics: the Militarization of
Resource Management, (New York: Routledge, 2009), Excerpt from Chapter 2 - pp. 46-
57.
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(15 pages) Lawrence Korb and Ian Moss, Moving Beyond the Carter Doctrine:
Rethinking the U.S. Military Presence in the Persian Gulf, The Century Foundation,
2008, pp. 3-17. http://tcf.org/events/pdfs/ev232/korb.pdf/++atfield++file
Class 18: Tuesday, April 1
Topic: China’s Rise and Thirst for Energy: Is great power conflict inevitable?
Assignment: Take a Position Option 5
Required:
(19 pages) Daniel Yergin, “Chapter 9: China’s Rise” The Quest: Energy, Security, and
the Remaking of the Modern World, (New York: Penguin Press), 2011, pp. 189-208.
(11 pages) Christopher J. Fettweis, “No Blood for Oil: Why Resource Wars Are
Obsolete,” in Gal Luft and Anne Korin (eds.), Energy Security Challenges for the 21st
Century (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Security International), 2009, Chapter 5 - pp. 66-
77.
(21 pages) Michael Klare, “There Will Be Blood: Political Violence, Regional Warfare,
and the Risk of Great Power Conflict,” in Gal Luft and Anne Korin (eds.), Energy
Security Challenges for the 21st Century (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Security
International), 2009, Chapter 4 - pp. 44-65.
Optional:
o (15 pages) Oystein Noreng “Global Resource Scramble and New Energy Frontiers,” in
Andreas Goldthau (eds.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy (John Wiley & Sons,
2013), Chapter 10 – pp. 159-173.
(12 pages) Alvin Lin, Fuqiang Yang, and Jason Portner, “Global Energy Policy: A View
from China” in Andreas Goldthau (ed.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy (John
Wiley & Sons, 2013), Chapter 23 – pp. 393-404.
(17 pages) Amy Myer Jaffe and Kenneth B. Medlock III, “China, India, and Asian
Energy” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security: Strategies
for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 13 – pp. 283-
299.
(2 pages) Gal Luft & Yaron Varona, “China’s Rare Earth Monopoly,” Journal of Energy
Security, December 2010.
http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=272:chinas-
rare-earth-monopoly&catid=112:energysecuritycontent&Itemid=367
32
(8 pages) “Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving
the People’s Republic of China 2013,” Office of the Secretary of Defense, 2013, pp. 15-
22. http://www.defense.gov/pubs/2013_china_report_final.pdf
(4 pages) Henry Philippens, “Fueling China’s Maritime Modernization: The Need to
Guarantee Energy Security,” Journal of Energy Security, December 2011, pp.
(http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=332:fueling-
chinas-maritime-modernization-the-need-to-guarantee-energy-
security&catid=121:contentenergysecurity1111&Itemid=386).
(34 pages) “Stirring Up the South China Sea: Regional Responses,” International Crisis
Group Asia Report No. 229, July 2012, pp. 1-34.
http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/asia/north-east-asia/229-stirring-up-the-south-
china-sea-ii-regional-responses
(2 pages) Gal Luft, “What does America’s Shale Gas Revolution Mean for China?”
Journal of Energy Security, AUG-2013.
http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=452:what-does-
americas-shale-gas-revolution-mean-for-china&catid=137:issue-content&Itemid=422
(6 pages) Damien Ma, “China’s Search for a New Energy Strategy: Time to Liberalize
Energy Prices,” Foreign Affairs, 04-JUN-2013.
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139425/damien-ma/chinas-search-for-a-new-
energy-strategy
Class 19: Thursday, April 3
Topic: Resource Mercantilism; China in Africa
Assignment: Memo Option 6, read case and be prepared to discuss
Required:
CASE (2 pages) Meghan L. O’Sullivan, “How to Respond to Chinese Energy Activities
in Africa,” Geopolitics of Energy Case #5, April 2012. (Posted on course page.) Read
the case and be prepared to discuss the questions posed in detail in class.
(3 pages) “Africa and China: This house [The Economist] believes that China’s growing
involvement in Africa is to be welcomed”, The Economist debates, 27 August 2011.
(Read opening remarks from The Economist’s moderator, professor Calestous Juma and
professor George Ayittey) http://www.economist.com/debate/overview/165
(24 pages) Bo Kong, China’s International Petroleum Policy (Praeger: Santa Barbara,
2010), Chapter 5 - pp. 116-140.
33
(6 pages) Alessi, Christopher, and Stephanie Hanson. "Expanding China-Africa Oil
Ties." Council on Foreign Relations. Feb 2012.
http://www.cfr.org/china/expanding-china-africa-oil-ties/p9557
(13 pages) Witney Schneidman, “A Trilateral Dialogue on the United States, Africa and
China,” Brookings Institution, 2013.
http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Reports/2013/08/us%20africa%20chin
a%20trilateral%20dialogue/All%20Trade%20Papers.pdf
Optional:
(3 pages) “More than Minerals,” The Economist, 23-MAR-2013
http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21574012-chinese-trade-africa-
keeps-growing-fears-neocolonialism-are-overdone-more
(9 pages) Don Yamamoto, “Assessing China’s Role and Influence in Africa,” Testimony
Before the House Foreign Affairs Committee Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health,
and Human Rights, 29 March 2012. http://foreignaffairs.house.gov/112/HHRG-112-
FA16-WState-YamamotoD-20120329.pdf
(8 pages) David Shinn, “Assessing China’s Role and Influence in Africa,” Testimony
Before the House Foreign Affairs Committee Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health,
and Human Rights, 29 March 2012. http://foreignaffairs.house.gov/112/HHRG-112-
FA16-WState-ShinnD-20120329.pdf
(9 pages) Guy C.K Leung, “China's energy security: Perception and reality,” Energy
Policy, 2011, pp. 1330-1337. http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezp-
prod1.hul.harvard.edu/science/article/pii/S0301421510008864
(26 pages) David L. Goldwyn, “Squaring the U.S.-Africa-China Energy Triangle: The
Path from Competition to Cooperation,” in Gal Luft and Anne Korin (eds.), Energy
Security Challenges for the 21st Century (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Security
International), 2009, Chapter 15 - pp. 233-249.
(2 pages) Matthew Acocella, “What an energy-hogging China may mean for the U.S.
and global politics,” Foreign Policy blog, 28 July 2010.
http://ricks.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2010/07/28/what_an_energy_hogging_china_may_m
ean_for_the_us_and_global_politics
34
Class 20: Tuesday, April 8
Topic: The Geopolitical Implications of Pakistan’s National Energy Strategy
Assignment: Post-exercise task, read case and be prepared to discuss
Required:
CASE (10 pages) Francisco Aguilar, “Meeting Pakistan’s Energy Needs,” Case Prepared
for IGA 412, Harvard Kennedy School of Government, October 2011. (10 pages). Read
and examine the accompanying spread sheet. Think about possible solutions to this case
for you to propose/discuss in small groups in class. (Material on course page.)
(19 pages) Elizabeth Mills, Pakistan’s Energy Crisis, U.S. Institute of Peace, June 2012,
pp. 4-23. http://www.usip.org/files/resources/PW79_Pakistans_Energy_Crisis.pdf
o (7 pages) Michael Kugelman, “Pakistan’s Energy Crisis: From Conundrum to
Catastrophe?” The National Bureau of Asian Research, 13-MAR-2013.
http://www.nbr.org/downloads/pdfs/eta/Kugelman_commentary_03132013.pdf
(6 pages) Muhammad Umair Shah, “Pakistan’s Struggle for LNG,” Journal of Energy
Security, NOV-2012.
http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=392:pakisstans-
struggle-for-lng&catid=130:issue-content&Itemid=405
(7 pages) Asif Faiz, “The Political Economy of Pakistan’s National Energy Policy,”
Atlantic Council, 26-AUG-2013.
(2 pages) “Energy Starved Pakistan Eyes Solar Power,” Agence France Press, 26 March
2012. http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iQqyeNGf_uL2m4W-
XHuCkHeBfBuw?docId=CNG.e90177df7bc765b1d1b36a47bff406c5.411
Optional:
(1 page) Associated Press, “Iran Cancels Pakistan Gas Pipeline Loan,” Washington Post,
14-DEC-2013
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/iran-cancels-pakistan-gas-pipeline-
loan/2013/12/14/8ff1078e-64bd-11e3-af0d-4bb80d704888_story.html
(3 pages) “Long, Hot, Summer,” The Economist, 08-JUL-2013
http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21579059-first-task-pakistans-new-prime-minister-
keep-lights-long-hot-summer
(2 pages) Rebecca Santana, “Pakistan’s Power Shortage Problem Is Country’s Biggest
Threat,” Huffington Post, 15-JUN-2013
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/15/pakistan-power-shortage_n_3447599.html
(1 page) Krista Mahr, “Pakistan’s Struggle for Power,” Time, 09-OCT-13
35
http://world.time.com/2013/10/09/pakistans-struggle-for-power/
(3 pages) Isobel Coleman, “Challenges for Pakistan’s Prime Minister,” Council on
Foreign Relations, 24-MAY-2013
http://blogs.cfr.org/coleman/2013/05/24/challenges-for-pakistans-prime-minister/
(28 pages) Robert Hathaway, Bhumika Muchhala, and Michael Kugelman, Fueling the
Future: Meeting Pakistan’s Energy Needs in the 21st Century, Woodrow Wilson Center,
2007, pp. 17-34 and pp. 93-104.
http://wilsoncenter.org/topics/pubs/Asia_FuelingtheFuture_rptmain.pdf
(9 pages) Haider Ali Hussein Mullick, “The Iran-Pakistan-India Pipeline: Economics,
Geopolitics, and Security, Pakistan Security Research Unit Brief No. 36, 11 June 2008.
http://haidermullick.com/Documents/Mullick%20PSRU%20IPI%20Brief+36.pdf
(15 pages) Ariel Cohen, Lisa Curtis, and Owen Graham “The Proposed Iran-Pakistan-
India Gas Pipeline: An Unacceptable Risk to Regional Security,” Heritage Foundation
Backgrounder, No: 2139, May 2008.
http://www.heritage.org/Research/Reports/2008/05/The-Proposed-Iran-Pakistan-India-
Gas-Pipeline-An-Unacceptable-Risk-to-Regional-Security
UNIT 5: ALTERNATIVE, RENEWABLE, AND NEW ENERGY AND GEOPOLITICS
Class 21: Thursday, April 10
Topic: Geopolitical Consequences of a Shift to Nuclear Power
Speaker: Professor Matt Bunn
Required:
(17 pages) Daniel Yergin, The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern
World, (New York: Penguin Press), 2011, Chapter 18, “The Nuclear Cycle,” pp. 361-378.
(17 pages) Yury Yudin “Nuclear Energy and Non-Proliferation,” in Andreas Goldthau
(eds.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy (John Wiley & Sons, 2013), Chapter 13 –
pp. 205-221.
(5 pages) Charles Ferguson, and Sharon Squassoni, “Why Nuclear Energy Isn’t the
Great Green Hope,” Foreign Policy, 06-APR-2010.
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2007/06/24/why_nuclear_energy_isnt_the_great_g
reen_hope
Optional:
36
(13 pages) “Restoring US Leadership in Nuclear Energy: A National Security
Imperative,” Center for Strategic and International Studies, JUN-2013 pp. ix-xxi.
http://csis.org/files/publication/130719_Wallace_RestoringUSLeadershipNuclearEnergy_
WEB.pdf
(1 page) “Asia airs Nuclear Ambitions at UN Gathering,” Reuters, 20-SEP-2013.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/09/20/nuclear-asia-idUSL5N0HE2DW20130920
(11 pages) Ernest Moniz, “Why We Still Need Nuclear Power,” Foreign Affairs,
November/December 2011, pp. 83-94.
(10 pages) Amory B. Lovins, Imran Sheikh, and Alex Markevich, “Forget Nuclear,”
Rocky Mountain Institute, 6 April 2008, pp. 1-10.
http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid467.php
(3 pages) Joseph Cirincione and Uri Leventer, “The Middle East’s Nuclear Surge,” The
New York Times,13 August 2007. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/13/opinion/13iht-
edcirin.1.7097430.html?_r=1&pagewanted=print
(21 pages) International Energy Agency, “The Implications of Less Nuclear Power,”
World Energy Outlook 2011, OECD, 2011, pp. 447-468. (link to whole report on course
page)
Class 22: Thursday, April 15
Topic: Geopolitical Consequences of Solar Energy: The Case of DESERTEC
Assignment: Take a Position Option 6, due 8am before class
Required:
(24 pages) Daniel Yergin, The Quest: Energy, Security, and the Remaking of the Modern
World, (New York: Penguin Press), 2011, Chapter 27, “Rebirth of Renewables,” pp. 523-
547.
(4 pages) Iana Dreyer, Renewables: Do They Matter for Foreign Policy?, Policy Brief:
European Institute for Security Studies, June 2013.
http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Brief_23.pdf
(11 pages) Lasse Eisgruber, “The Resource Curse: Analysis of the applicability to the
large-scale export of electricity from renewable resources,” Journal of Energy Security,
vol. 57, June 2013, pp. 429-440.
(17 pages) Antoine Artiganave and Lukas Streiff, “Trans-Mediterranean Trade in Solar
Energy: What Should Europe Do?” Geopolitics of Energy Case on Desertec: Harvard
Kennedy School of Government, November 2010. (Available on course website)
37
Optional:
(12 pages) Johan Lilliestam, Saskia Ellenbeck, “Energy security and renewable
electricity trade—Will Desertec make Europe vulnerable to the “energy weapon?,”
Energy Policy, 2011. http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezp-
prod1.hul.harvard.edu/science/article/pii/S0301421511002151
(5 pages) Cordula Meyer, “European dream of desert energy takes shape”, Der Spiegel,
27 May 2010. http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,695908,00.html
(1 page) Christoph Steitz, “Europe must act to make green desert project work-Desertec
Head,” Reuters, 12-JUN-2013.
http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/jul/05/renewable-energy-desertec-
foundation-dii
(1 page) Jonathan Gifford, “Desertec to focus on EU MENA connection,” PV Magazine,
14-FEB-2013. http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/desertec-pulls-out-of-
consortium-it-founded_100011883/
(6 pages) IEA, Technology Roadmap: Concentrated Solar Power, 2010, pp. 5-11.
http://www.iea.org/papers/2010/csp_roadmap.pdf
Class 23: Thursday, April 17
Topic: Geo-Engineering and International Institutions
Speaker: Professor David Keith
Assignment: Country Strategy Papers, due 11:59pm the day before class
Required:
(1 page) Melanie A. Kenderdine and Ernest J. Moniz, “Technology Development and
Energy Security,” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security:
Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 17
pp. 402-3.
David Keith, A Case for Climate Engineering, Chapters 2 and 5, A Boston Review Book,
MIT Press, 2013.
(2 pages) “Stopping a Scorcher: The Controversy Over Manipulating Climate Change,”
The Economist, 23-NOV-2013.
http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:H9CuK9Upwo0J:www.economi
st.com/news/books-and-arts/21590347-controversy-over-manipulating-climate-change-
stopping-scorcher+geoengineering&cd=12&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us
(13 pages) David G. Victor, et al. "The Geoengineering Option." Foreign Affairs, 88.2
(2009): 64-76.
38
Optional:
(2 pages) Henry Gass, “Salt Spray May Prove Most Feasible Geoengineering,” Scientific
American, 12-DEC-2013.
http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=salt-spray-may-prove-most-feasible-
geoengineering
(23 pages) Kelsi Bracmort and Richard K. Lattanzio, “Geoengineering: Governance and
Technology Policy,” Congressional Research Service, 26-NOV-2013, pp. 1-23.
https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R41371.pdf
(5 pages) Brad Plumer, “Should We Use Geoengineering to Cool the Earth? An Interview
with David Keith,” Washington Post, 30-OCT-2013.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/10/30/david-keith-explains-
why-geoengineering-isnt-as-crazy-as-it-sounds/
(13 pages) Michael Specter, The Climate Fixers: Is There a Technological Solution to
Global Warming?” The New Yorker, 14-MAY-2012.
http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/05/14/120514fa_fact_specter?currentPage=all
Class 24: Tuesday, April 22
Topic: National Security, the Unconventional Revolution, and Climate Change
Assignment: Memo Option 7, due 8am before class
Required:
(13 pages) Michael Levi, “Energy, Environment, and Climate: Framework and
Tradeoffs,” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security:
Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), Chapter 21
pp. 483-495.
(14 pages) Leon Fuerth, “National Security, Energy, Climate Change: New Paradigm;
New Strategy; New Governance,” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.),
Energy and Security: Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University
Press, 2013), Chapter 22 pp. 499-512.
(12 pages) Fariborz Zelli, et al. “Global Climate Governance and Energy Choices,” in
Andreas Goldthau (ed.), The Handbook of Global Energy Policy (John Wiley & Sons,
2013), Chapter 23 – pp 340-353.
Optional:
(24 pages) “Climate Change and the Path Toward Sustainable Energy Sources,” The
White House, 2013 Economic Report of the President, Chapter 6
http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/erp2013/ERP2013_Chapter_6.pdf
39
(10 pages) Carmine Difiglio, “Energy and World Economic Growth,” Federation of
American Scientists, Public Interest Report, Spring 2013 – Volume 66 Number 2
http://blogs-cdn.fas.org/pir/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2013/05/Energy-and-Economic-
Growth-Spring-131.pdf
(9 pages) Meagan S. Mauter, et al. “The Next Frontier in United States Shale Gas and
Tight Oil Extraction: Strategic Reduction of Environmental Impacts,” HKS Belfer Center,
Discussion Paper #2013-04, MAR-2013, pp. 34-42.
http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/mauter-dp-2013-04-final.pdf
(1 page) Javier Solana, “The Shale Revolution’s Global Footprint,” Project Syndicate,
20-NOV-2013. http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/javier-solana-examines-
the-impact-of-shale-energy-on-europe-and-asia
UNIT 6: CONCLUSIONS AND FINAL THOUGHTS
Class 25: Tuesday, April 24
Topic: Presentation of Country Strategies
No readings, but be prepared to give a ten minute presentation of your country strategy to the
class.
Class 26: Thursday, April 29
Topic: Presentation of Country Strategies
No readings, but be prepared to give a ten minute presentation of your country strategy to the
class.
Class 27: Thursday, May 1
Topic: Wrap Up and US Energy Strategy and Foreign Policy in Light of the
Unconventional Revolution
Assignment: Policy Memo Option 8 due 8am before class
Required:
(33 pages) Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn, “Conclusion: Energy, Security, and
Foreign Policy” in Jan H. Kalicki and David L. Goldwyn (eds.), Energy and Security:
Strategies for a World in Transition (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013), pp. 545-
577.
(4 pages) Michael Levi, “America’s Energy Opportunity: How to Harness the New
Sources of US Power,” Foreign Affairs, 2013, pp. 92-96.
40
(35 pages) “A National Strategy for Energy Security: Harnessing American Resources
and Innovation” Energy Security Leadership Council, 2013, pp. 6-27, 112-125.
http://www.secureenergy.org/sites/default/files/SAFE_National-Strategy-for-Energy-
Security_0.pdf
(10 pages) Tom Donilon, “Energy and American Power: Farewell to Declinism,” Foreign
Affairs, 15-JUN-2013.
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/139509/tom-donilon/energy-and-american-power
Optional:
(22 pages) Patrick Doherty, “A New US Grand Strategy,” Foreign Policy, 09-JAN-2013.
http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/01/09/a_new_US_grand_strategy
(3 pages) Ely Ratner and Thomas Wright, “America’s Not in Decline – It’s on the Rise,”
Washington Post, 18-OCT-2013
http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/americas-not-in-decline--its-on-the-
rise/2013/10/18/4dde76be-35b1-11e3-80c6-7e6dd8d22d8f_story.html
(15 pages) Anthony Cordesman, “The Myth or Reality of US Energy Independence,”
Center for Strategic & International Studies, 02-JAN-2013
http://csis.org/files/publication/130103_us_energy_independence_report.pdf
(3 pages) Kevin Rosner, “Hindsight and Foresight in Gauging Our Energy Future,”
Journal of Energy Security, 21-NOV-2012
http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=395:hindsight-
and-foresight-and-gauging-energy-futures&catid=129:from-the-editor&Itemid=406
(9 pages) David Burwell, Deborah Gordon, “Managing the Unconventional Oil and Gas
Bonanza,” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 29-NOV-2012
http://carnegieendowment.org/globalten/?fa=50162
(4 pages) Blake Clayton, “The Case for Allowing US Crude Oil Exports,” Council on
Foreign Relations, Public Innovation Memorandum No. 34, JUL-2013.
http://www.cfr.org/oil/case-allowing-us-crude-oil-exports/p31005