ieee alabama feb 2017.pptsite.ieee.org/alabama/files/2017/02/communications-by... · 2017-02-09 ·...

Al b IEEE S ti l M ti F b 6 2017 Bi i h AL

“Communications”Ri k P t Si E A t ti

Alabama IEEE Sectional Meeting – February 6, 2017 - Birmingham, AL

Rick Preston, Siemens Energy Automation

Confidential © Siemens Energy, Inc. 2014 All rights reserved.

Overview of TopicsO e e o op cs

•Communications (Protocols, Media, etc.)

•What is IEC61850?

•GOOSE Messaging

•Process Bus / Sampled Values

•Simplified Network Topology

•Redundancy Options for Communications

Networks (eRSTP, PRP, HSR)


Communications Protocols

Systemconfiguration Communication

between bay devices

Defines structure for protection and

control

between bay devices(GOOSE)

Standardizedlanguage for

IEC 6150

S

g gdescribingsubstation

Timesynchronization

with SNTP

Standardcommunicationwith TCP - IP

Based onEthernet


standard

Communication Types – Serial

Serial Communications using El t i l C d t (T i t d P i )

Serial Communications using Fib O ti C bliElectrical Conductors (Twisted Pair) Fiber Optic Cabling

RS485

Based onEth t


Ethernet standard

Communication Types – Ethernet TCP/IP

Ethernet Communications using El t i l C d t (RJ45)

Ethernet Communications using Fib O ti C bliElectrical Conductors (RJ45) Fiber Optic Cabling

Based onEth t


Ethernet standard

Substation Automation EvolutionSubstat o uto at o o ut o

Distant Past Recent Past Today and Tomorrow Location





•GOOSE Messaging






What Is IEC 61850?

IEC 61850 is a standard for the design of electrical substation automation

Systemconfiguration Communication

between bay devices

Defines structure for protection and

control

between bay devices(GOOSE)

A t ti F ltStandardizedlanguage for

IEC 61850 Automatic Fault record retrieval

(Comtrade format)

S

g gdescribingsubstation

Timesynchronization

with SNTP

Standardcommunicationwith TCP - IP

Based onEthernet


standard

Typical Substation Architecture

MMS

GOOSE

Sampled Values

HardwireTypical Substation Architecture


IEC61850 ProtocolsC6 850 otoco s

• Three IEC61850 Protocols

MMS (M f t i M• MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification)

GOOSE (G i Obj t i t d• GOOSE (Generic Object oriented Substation Event)

SV (S l d V l )• SV (Sampled Values)


IEC-61850 Communication Stack

Network Concept IEC 61850Network Concept –IEC 61850

Client Client Client

Unicast(client-server)

(MMS)

vsMulticast

Redundant 100MBit/s Ethernet Net

Multicast

server server server

Multicast(peer to peer)

&(one to many)

server server serverserver server server (one to many)

(GOOSE)(Sampled Values)


The IEC 61850 Standard in Brief

IEC 61850 provides a framework to describe all automation and protection functions of a

e C 6 850 Sta da d e

all automation and protection functions of a substation or electrical system:

Standardized language categorized with t i i ti b d ff th

Control Center

HMI

extensive naming convention based off the electrical system

Standardized Engineering based on Ethernet LAN

DataConcentrator

vendor-independent function descriptions Use devices from different vendors Re-use engineering in the future

Ethernet-based communications

Interoperability between different vendors


Non-hardwired inter-device communication providing protection functions & coordination

IEC61850 Data Structure

Data

Pos A

Ph 1 Ph 2StV q

Logical Node(1 to n)

Data Class

Logical Device(IED1)

LN2(MMXU)

LN1(XCBR)

Logical Device(1 to n)

(1 to n)

Physical Device(network address)Physical Device(network address)

(IED1)Physical Device


(network address)(network address)

Benefits of IEC61850e e ts o C6 850

1. Communications architecture for1. Communications architecture for modeling entire power system.2. Defined data structure that eliminates the need for time consuming mapping.the need for time consuming mapping.3. Promotion of high inter-operability between systems from different manufacturers devices.manufacturers devices.4. A common language for describing a power system data model.5 Definition of the complete testing for5. Definition of the complete testing for devices which conforms to the standard.


Benefits of IEC61850e e ts o C6 850

The implementation of IEC 61850 allows for a i ifi t t d ti i i i dsignificant cost reduction in engineering and

material costs during substation design, testing, construction and commissioning





•GOOSE Messaging






IEC61850 – GOOSE MECHANISM

At moment of the status changes, the GOOSE

message is sent

The repetition period is

decreased until

Event is sent cyclically every

Tmax

immediately, this way switching from cyclic to

spontaneous. Then starts to repeat at

minimum time, Tmin.

the Tmax. N spontaneous

repeats t = 2N * Tmin

Repetion Time h T thi

GOOSE message validity and delivery GOOSE Repetition

reaches Tmax, this way switching

from spontaneous to cyclic

• TimeMin=TMin

• TimeMax=Tmax

• Trigger event• Rapid fire mode

GOOSE Status number GOOSE Sequence number


IEC61850 – GOOSE MECHANISM

Sequence Number: 1State Sequence: 26


GOOSE message validity

State Sequence: 26



GOOSE message validity and delivery GOOSE Repetition

• TimeMin=TMin• TimeMax=Tmax

• Trigger event• Trigger event• Rapid fire mode

GOOSE Status number GOOSE Sequence number

Sequence Number: 1046

Sequence Number: 1047State Sequence: 25 Sequence Number: 0

State Sequence: 26Starts a new



State Sequence: 25 sequence when the status change

IEC 61850 Concepts- GOOSE Using the 802 1Q Frame Layer 2the 802.1Q Frame – Layer 2

CONCEPTS OF THE IEC 61850 SSTANDARD GOOSE Telegram structure

• 4 Tag bytes define the tag control information

• Up to 1500 data bytes are available per message

GOOSE messages must be prioritized• 0-7 (lowest priority)


IEC 61850 – GOOSE MECHANISM

-Fast:Using layer 2 frames, doesn’t require any

C 6 850 GOOS C S

g y , q yother layer’s confirmation or connection. It is a multicast message without connection or confirmation.

-Ensure delivery of message:Mathematically, by repeating the same message in a short period of time, it will ensure delivery of the message. Besides, the receiving device verifies the message quality and check if the transmitting device is there by usage of TimeAllowToLive.

-Priority:


By usage of the priority tag (802.1p).




•GOOSE Messaging






Process bus Application Introductionocess bus pp cat o t oduct o

Conventional technology

Process bus technology

Cost savings (esp. cabling/ copper wiring, installation, O&M)I t bl d i ( bli lti d l ti li ti f IEC 61850)s Interoperable design (e.g. enabling multi-vendor solutions, application of IEC 61850)

Advanced functionality (e.g. integration of wider range of data sources, independent signal distribution) Enhanced flexibility & scalability (e.g. ease of adding protection devices) Improved operational safety (e.g. handling of CT/VT circuits obsolete)

Key

be

nefit

s


December 2015 Automation Products

Pieces of the Process Bus Puzzleeces o t e ocess us u e

Conventional transformers are hugeS dNCIT Save money and space

Common telegram format IEC 61850

NCIT

Synchronizationg

Timed measured valuesSynchronizationIEC 61850Communication

Reliability

Instrument transformersIEC 61869 IEC 61869

Loss of telegrams leads to loss of measurement system

Communication Reliability


of measurement systemReliability

Pieces of the Process Bus Puzzleeces o t e ocess us u e

SMV are defined with priority tagging and VLAN (IEEE 802.1 Q) to achieve the QoS

Messages are mapped directly to the Ethernet data link layer

Elimination of TCP/IP layer reduces theElimination of TCP/IP layer reduces the transmission reliability – there is no information of lost messages

SMV can not be repeated as GOOSE messagesSMV can not be repeated as GOOSE messages due to data overflow risk in the network


Data transmission reliability must be increased by use of network redundancy schemes




•GOOSE Messaging






IEC 61850 communication within a substationIEC 61850 communication within a substation

Control CenterControl CenterIEC 608705-104

Substation Controller

DNP3 TCP

3rd party

Station bus MMS – Client / Server (Part 7/8)

GOOSE (Part 7/8)p y

deviceProcess bus

Sampled Values (Part 9)IEC

618

50

CTVT

CircuitBreakerController

Parallel wiring





•GOOSE Messaging






Principals of redundancy mechanisms

Redundancy with recovery time Dual Homing Link Redundancy

c pa s o edu da cy ec a s s

Dual Homing Link RedundancyTwo active links, one is sending,sending link changes if one link is down

RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree ProtocolRedundancy IEEE 802.1D-2004

Seamless Redundancy Systems: Parallel Redundancy Protocol IEC 62439-3.4

Two active links, both sending, parallel configuration

High availability seamless redundancy IEC 62439-3.5Two active links, both sending, ring configuration


Principal of Dual Link (Dual homing) Redundancy

Substation Controller 2 external Switches – directly connected

c pa o ua ( ua o g) edu da cy

dual link

connected Devices connected in star

structure to switches Devices with two Ethernet Devices with two Ethernet

ports Port 1 is sending

P t 2 i t db

.

Port 2 is standby Established since 2004.


Features of Dual Link Redundancyeatu es o ua edu da cy

PRO• Easy to handle• Easy to handle• No settings• Huge field experience

CONSCONS• External switches required due to star structure• Double number of external switches required • Only supervision of directly linked connections• Only supervision of directly linked connections


Principle of RSTP-Configurationc p e o S Co gu at o

Substation Controller 2 external RSTP-Switches Devices with integrated Devices with integrated

RSTP switch Rings with up to 30 devices

S l i b

dual link

U t 30

Several rings can be connected to external switchesS tti f RSTP t

RSTP

.

Up to 30

devices per ring Setting of RSTP parameters

necessaryWell established technology

Field proven interoperability

RSTP Switch


RSTP over Fast fibre optic Ethernet

Features of RSTP eatu es o S

PRO• Only one network required• Only one network required• Redundancy achieved ring structure • Huge field experience• Approved IEEE 802 1D 2004 Standard• Approved IEEE 802.1D-2004 Standard

CONS• Short reconfiguration time in case of interruption

(dependent from failure location)(dependent from failure location)• Settings within RSTP switches necessary


Principle of PRPc p e o

Two parallel networks Device are connected to Device are connected to

network PRP-A and PRP-B Devices send via both active

linksPRP-A PRP-B

links RedBox for connection of

non PRP devicesS l Seamless

Interoperability tests done

PRP-Switch

PRP-A network

PRP-B network

RB

Non PRP


PRP-RedBoxField level

devices

RB

Details of redundancy principles Features of PRP eatu es o

PRO• Seamless reconfiguration No recovery time• Seamless reconfiguration - No recovery time• Highest level of redundancy• Simple mechanism, no special switch settings (as in RSTP) • “normal” Devices with 1 interface can be connected to one of the PRP Lan’s (SAN =• normal Devices with 1 interface can be connected to one of the PRP-Lan s (SAN =

Single attached nodes) • Approved IEC Standard

CONSCONS• Double number of switches = increased cost• Switches have to handle Jumbo-Ethernet frames


Principle of HSR-Configurationc p e o S Co gu at o

Substation Controller 2 Redboxes Devices with integrated HSR Devices with integrated HSR

switch Rings with up to 50 devices

R db di t ib t d i th

PRP-A PRP-B

Redboxes distributed in the ring

SeamlessRB

.

Up to 50 SIPROTEC

devices per ring

Interoperability tests done

PRP-Switch

HSR RiHSR HSR Ring

HSR RedBox

PRP-A connection

RB

RBHSR


PRP-B connection

Features of HSR High Available Seamless Redundancyg a ab e Sea ess edu da cy

PROS l fi ti N ti• Seamless reconfiguration - No recovery time

• One common Network• cost reduction through ring configurationg g g• Single attached nodes can only be connected to the HSR network

via a RedBox • Approved IEC 62439-3 StandardApproved IEC 62439 3 Standard

CONS• Standard Ethernet components (e.g. PC) can be connected only via

a RedBoa RedBox


Details of redundancy principles RSTP with IED integrated cut- through switchesS t teg ated cut t oug s tc es

Normal operation

DUAL Homing

for Substation Controllerfor Substation Controller

and Gateway

RSTP

blocked

connection


connection

LOOP PREVENTION

Details of redundancy principles PRP normal operation

application application

o a ope at o

Redundancy RedundancyDeviceIED IED

APRP-A

RedundancyManager

RedundancyManagerinterface

AA B B

PRP-B

Redbox (Redundancy Manager in a Box)

IED


HSR –High Available Seamless Redundancy Principleg a ab e Sea ess edu da cy c p e

application application

Redundancy

IED

Redundancy

IED

DeviceManager Manager

interface

Redbox

IEDIED IED

RedundancyManager

RedundancyManager


Example Network Architecture Industrial Power Management Systemsdust a o e a age e t Syste s

Clients Operator StationEngineering andMaintenance Station

RedundantControl Center Servers

CentralController

TCP/IP IEC 61850

Non redundantController

RedundantController

Interface toProcess Control

LV Controller

Modbus/Profibus

PAC

SENTRON

TCP/IP IEC 61850TCP/IP IEC 61850

MV SwitchgearMV SwitchgearMV Switchgear LV Switchgearggg LV Switchgear


IEEE Nashville TN Technical Meeting - April 30 2015Al b IEEE S ti l M ti F b 6 2017 Bi i h AL

Thank you!

IEEE Nashville, TN Technical Meeting April 30, 2015Alabama IEEE Sectional Meeting – February 6, 2017 - Birmingham, AL

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ieee alabama feb 2017.pptsite.ieee.org/alabama/files/2017/02/communications-by... · 2017-02-09 ·...

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