identifying tray cables for your next installation...comply with the ul 1685 and/or ft4/ ieee 1202...

Published 3/23/2012

A W

HIT

E PA

PER

IDENTIFYING TRAY CABLES FOR YOUR NEXT INSTALLATION

TURCK Inc. 3000 Campus Drive Minneapolis, MN 55441-2656 Phone: 763-553-7300 • Application Support: 1-800-544-7769 • Fax: 763-553-0708 • www.turck.com2

hough rapidly increasing in popularity, tray cables are still a point of confusion for many. While the

term “tray cable” is being heard everywhere, many do not understand what exactly a tray cable is or the benefits of using tray cables. Another gray area for many comes from the variety of types of tray cable, what each means and in which applications each type should be used. This paper will:

• Define what a tray cable is

• Describe the different types of tray cables

• Provide uses and standards for each type of tray cable

It will also provide a reference guide

regarding the applications and govern-

ing standards for each tray cables type.

WHAT ARE TRAY CABLES?As the name implies, tray cables are cables that can be used in many different types of cable tray systems, ranging from fixed wiring within buildings to hazardous locations and factory floors. According to the National Electrical Code (NEC) Article 392, there are many different varieties of cable trays, including ladder, ventilated trough, ventilated channel and solid bottom

T

TURCK Inc. 3000 Campus Drive Minneapolis, MN 55441-2656 Phone: 763-553-7300 • Application Support: 1-800-544-7769 • Fax: 763-553-0708 • www.turck.com 3

trays among others. There are also other permitted uses which include raceways, such as aerial cables on a messenger, under raised floors in rooms containing industrial process control equipment and rack rooms. Tray cables are built to be flame retardant, offer safety and code compliance, and demonstrate adequate mechanical strength. Due to their many benefits, tray cables are becoming more frequently used in applications such as control rooms, tank farms, and in hazardous factory process applications.

If the cables pass stringent crush and impact tests they can carry the Exposed Run listing (ER), and may be used ex-posed when supported and protected. The National Electrical Code (NEC) has individual articles that define specific uses and installation practices. The ar-ticles reference cable types as defined by UL standards. NFPA 79, the National Fire Protection Association “Electrical Standard for Industrial Machinery” also establishes best practices for cabling on industrial machinery and often allows or requires use of tray cables. These serve as universal guidelines for the installation and best practices for using tray cables.

TYPES OF TRAY CABLES600V Power and Control Tray CableCables that are identified as Type TC are defined by UL 1277, and their use is governed by NEC Articles 336. Type TC (tray cables) are generally employed for power, lighting, control and signal circuits and are most commonly used on industrial machinery. As dictated by UL 1277 definition, the smallest American Wire Gauge (AWG) size allowed is 18AWG. All cables that are UL 1277 listed must first pass the UL 1685 Vertical Flame

Test or the FT4/IEEE1202 flame test. These are stringent flame tests, applying 70,000 BTU’s from a 10” ribbon burner applied to cable in a vertical chamber for 20 minutes. The individual conductors inside the cable must also be UL listed to UL 44, UL 66 or UL 83, which is unique to 600V cables. The most common insulations include PVC, PVC with a nylon overcoat or XLPE. Both thermoplastic and thermoset outerjacket materials are allowed.

The insulation and jacket materials

both determine the temperature listings

of the cables. The most common jacket

materials are PVC or TPE, which are ther-

moplastics. CPE and Neoprene rubbers

can also be used. The highest rating

available for thermoplastics and rubber

is 90C Wet and 90C Dry. If the particular

materials do not meet the requirements

of 90C Wet and Dry, 75C Wet and Dry or

60C Wet and Dry approvals are possible.

When these cables are used in environ-

ments with temperatures that exceed

90C, fluoropolymer jackets can be used

which are allowed at 125C, 150C, or

200C. At the other end of the spectrum,

Type TC cables may only be marked with

a -40C cold temperature if they pass a

-40C cold impact test.

Cables that are listed TC-ER pass strin-

gent crush and impact tests, allowing

them to be used in “Exposed Runs” when

the rules of installation in NEC 336.10(7)

and/or NFPA 79 are followed. Cables do

not have to be installed in trays as long

as they are mechanically protected with

struts, angles or channels every 1.8m (6’).

UL-Underwriters LaboratoriesThe UL, or Underwriters Laboratories Inc., is an independent product safety certification organization with five main areas of focus: product safety, environment, life and health, verification services, and knowledge services. UL primarily develops standardized test procedures and standards for products and materials with its main concentration on product safety. The UL was founded in 1894 and is approved to provide testing standards by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).


Industrial machinery often provides this

protection, making TC-ER cables a cost

effective choice. TC-ER listed cables also

pass UL 1569 without the costly metal

armor many cables need, providing in-

creased flexibility and reduced costs.

As with all types and voltages of tray

cables, the environment in which they

will be used must be considered. Each

standard defines tests which cables

must pass if they are approved for expo-

sure to oil, used outdoors or exposed to

UV. Cables used for direct burial must

have the wording “direct burial” included

in the legend of the cable jackets.

300V Power Limited Tray Cables Type PLTC (Power Limited Tray Cables) cables are defined by UL 13 and governed by NEC Article 725. PLTC cables are built to stringent 300V requirements for Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 remote control, signaling, and power-limited circuits. NFPA 79 also permits use of these listed cables on industrial equipment.

NEC- National Electric CodeThe National Electric Code (also referred to as NFPA 70) is a standard ensuring the safe installation of electrical wiring and equipment. The NEC provides a standardized singular source to look for requirements for safe electrical installations. The NEC addresses the installation of electrical conductors, raceways, and equipment, signaling and communication conductors among many others. The NEC is not considered a law in the United States, though it is often mandated by local or state laws. The NEC was developed and is continually refined by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), was first published in 1897, and is updated every three years.


Type PLTC cables range in size from

12 to 22 AWG. Insulation types include

PVC, SRPVC, PE’s, TPE, some rubbers and

fluoropolymers. Uniquely, this stan-

dard allows the use of foamed insula-

tions which may be required for specific

electrical performance. Jacket materials

allowed include PVC, PE’s, TPE’s, cross

linked polyolefins, neoprene, silicone

and fluoropolymers.

Temperature ratings are determined

by the properties of both the insula-

tion and jacket materials. This stan-

dard allows temperature listings at 60C,

75C, 90C, 105C, 125C, 150C, 200C or

250C. Cold temperature listings may be

marked on the cables if they pass cold

bend testing at -20C, -30C, -40C, -50C,

-60C or -70C. Cold bend testing is much

less severe than cold impact testing

which involves dropping metal onto the

cables in cold temperatures. PLTC cables

also must pass at least the UL 1685 Verti-

cal Flame Test and may be labeled FT4/

IEEE 1202 if they also pass these flame

tests. All PLTC listed cables must also

pass a UV resistance test and there are

minimum tensile strength and elonga-

tion requirements.

PLTC cables may have a metal cover-

ing. Wire armor, metal braid, interlocked

metal armor or a metal sheath are all

acceptable so long as they meet the re-

quirements in UL 13 Section 14. These

metal coverings are used to enhance

mechanical strength and also serve as

protection against rodents when need-

ed.

As with the 600V Type TC cables, Type

PLTC cables which meet the crush and

impact tests of UL 1569, may be marked

ER and used outside of tray or conduit

when the installation practices in NEC

Article 725.154(D) are observed. The

UL 1569 tests are the same crush and

impact tests used for metal clad cables,

however these cables pass without the

costly armor – allowing them to take up

much less room. This also increases the

cables flexibility and typically reduces

the cost as well.

UL 13 has specific test requirements

for each additional marking that may ap-

pear in the legend on the cable. These

include oil resistance, low smoke and ap-

proval for direct burial use.


150V Instrumentation Tray CableThe requirements for cables in UL 2250 ITC are almost identical to the requirements in UL 13 PLTC. These cables are built to 300V specifications but are intended for use in applications operating at 150V or less and 5 amps or less. The only major difference in the standards is ITC does not allow foamed insulations. ITC cables are commonly used in processing applications and are often a

good choice in hazardous locations.

Article 725 for Power Limited Circuit Cables is very long and fairly complex and requires Class 2 or Class 3 power supplies, etc. Article 727 Instrumentation Tray Cable is written to simplify installation practices for today’s instrumentation and control networks which often require much less than 150V and sometimes only milliamps. ITC-ER cables


also pass the crush and impact tests of UL 1569 and may be used outside of trays when supported and protected in accordance with Article 727.4(5).

Other UL 13 CL CablesIncluded in the UL 13 Power Limited Circuit Cables standard are cables with specific Class 2 or Class 3 listings which meet NEC Article 725. These cables are most often used as fixed wiring within buildings.

CL2P and CL3P cables are intended

for use in ducts, plenums, or other air

spaces. These cables must comply with

the NFPA 262 test for Flame Travel and

Smoke of Wire and Cable. CL2P allows

30 AWG to 6 AWG conductors and CL3P

allows 28 AWG to 10 AWG conductors.

The ‘R’ in CL2R and CL3R cables de-

notes a riser. These cables are installed

in vertical runs penetrating more than

one floor or in a shaft. These cables must

pass the UL 1666 Test for Flame Propa-

gation Height. Gauges allowed are the

same as for CL2P and CL3P cables.

CL2 or CL3 cables without any other

designators are for use other than in ple-

nums, risers or trays. These cables must

comply with the UL 1685 and/or FT4/

IEEE 1202 flame tests.

CL2X or CL3X cables have a much

lesser flame test requirement, only that

of UL VW-1. These cables have limited

uses, limited lengths, and stringent pro-

tection requirements.

Communications Cables

Today, many factories desire to communicate data from the factory floor with the office. Since Ethernet is the network most commonly used in office environments it has naturally become the preferred network to transfer data from the factory floor to the office. This has increased due to the popularity of Industrial Ethernet which is most commonly covered under UL 444 Communications Cable. NEC Article 800 established and outlines installation practices.

Communications Cables employ the

CM abbreviation, with a ‘P’, ‘R’, ‘G’ or ‘X’

affixed to the end signifying different

types: CMP is Plenum, CMR is Riser, CMG

is General Purpose, CM is also General

Purpose with a few less requirements

and CMX is Limited Use. The variables

affixed to the end of ‘CM’ also indicate

the severity of the flame test which dic-

tates where they can be installed. CMP

has the most stringent flame and smoke

tests while CMX requires only the VW-1

flame test.

CONCLUSIONUnderstanding what tray cables are and the basics of the many types that are available is a good first step towards using them properly. This white paper has begun to detail the basics of each type of cable, how to differentiate them and where they are commonly used. It is always good practice to consult an expert before purchasing and installing tray cables to ensure the correct type of cable is properly used. The following reference guide lays out the uses and governing standards for each cable type defined throughout this paper in an easy-to-use format.


Cabl

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Rule

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UL

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(Art

icle

336

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s N

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cabl

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ith U

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light

re

sist

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l mus

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NEC

Art

icle

336

Use

s pe

rmitt

ed:

For p

ower

, lig

htin

g, c

ontr

ol,

and

sign

al c

ircui

ts.

NFP

A 7

9

18 A

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– 8

AW

G

UL

1277

Cabl

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ust b

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, si

gnify

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it m

eets

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crus

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d im

pact

requ

irem

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of

Type

MC

cabl

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L 15

69

In in

dust

rial e

stab

lishm

ents

whe

re q

uali�

ed p

erso

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ervi

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the

inst

alla

tion.

Cab

le is

con

tinuo

usly

sup

port

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nd

prot

ecte

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ains

t phy

sica

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usin

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str

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r cha

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s…pe

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and

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evic

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nce

not t

o ex

ceed

1.8

m (6

’) w

ithou

t con

tinuo

us s

uppo

rt.

Type

TC

cabl

es c

ompl

y w

ith U

L 16

85 a

nd/o

r FT4

/IEEE

120

2 70

,000

BTU

/Hr.

(20.

5 kW

) ve

rtic

al-t

ray

�am

e te

sts.

Cabl

es w

hich

are

sun

light

re

sist

ant o

r int

ende

d fo

r dire

ct

buria

l mus

t be

so m

arke

d.

NEC

Art

icle

336

.10(

7)N

FPA

79

18 A

WG

– 8

AW

G

TC

TC-E

R

TC, T

C-ER

600

V


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Rule

s fo

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UL

13

Cabl

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-ple

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and

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lass

2

circ

uits

in g

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s.Ca

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are

rate

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r 300

V bu

t ar

e no

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mar

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wed

in ra

cew

ays

(300

.17)

and

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le T

rays

(392

). A

rtic

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725

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read

car

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ci�c

app

licat

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Als

o al

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us (C

lass

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) Loc

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ns p

er A

rtic

le

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616

and

Art

icle

517

Par

t IV.

PLTC

cab

les

com

ply

with

UL

1685

and

/or F

T4/IE

EE 1

202

70,0

00 B

TU/H

r. (2

0.5

kW)

vert

ical

-tra

y �a

me

test

s.PL

TC c

able

s ar

e su

nlig

ht

resi

stan

t.Ca

ble

mus

t be

mar

ked

“dire

ct

buria

l” fo

r suc

h us

e.

NEC

Art

icle

725

N

FPA

79

22-1

2 AW

G

UL

13Ex

pose

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Cabl

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, si

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it m

eets

the

crus

h an

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requ

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ents

of

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e, U

L 15

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dust

rial e

stab

lishm

ents

whe

re q

uali�

ed p

erso

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the

inst

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and

whe

re c

able

is c

ontin

uous

ly s

uppo

rted

an

d pr

otec

ted

agai

nst p

hysi

cal d

amag

e us

ing

mec

hani

cal

prot

ectio

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uch

as s

trut

s, an

gles

, or c

hann

els…

perm

itted

be

twee

n a

cabl

e tr

ay a

nd th

e ut

iliza

tion

equi

pmen

t or

devi

ce…

secu

red

at in

terv

als

not e

xcee

ding

1.8

m (6

’).

Perm

itted

to tr

ansi

tion

betw

een

cabl

e tr

ays

and

betw

een

cabl

e tr

ays

and

utili

zatio

n eq

uipm

ent o

r dev

ices

for a

dis

tanc

e no

t to

exce

ed 1

.8m

(6’)

with

out c

ontin

uous

sup

port

.

PLTC

-ER

cabl

es c

ompl

y w

ith U

L 16

85 a

nd/o

r FT4

/IEEE

120

2 70

,000

BTU

/Hr.

(20.

5 kW

) ve

rtic

al-t

ray

�am

e te

sts.

PLTC

-ER

cabl

es a

re s

unlig

ht

resi

stan

t.Ca

ble

mus

t be

mar

ked

“dire

ct

buria

l” fo

r suc

h us

e.

NEC

Art

icle

725

.154

(D)

NFP

A 7

922

-12

AWG

PLTC

PLTC

-ER

PLTC

, PLT

C-ER

300

V


Cabl

e A

genc

y A

ppro

val

Cabl

e G

auge

Nat

iona

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ctri

c Co

de

2011

Com

plia

nce

Rule

s fo

r Ins

talla

tion

Oth

er C

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ents

UL

2250

Cabl

es a

re ra

ted

for 3

00V

but

are

not s

o m

arke

d.In

tend

ed fo

r use

on

circ

uits

ra

ted

150V

or l

ess

and

5 am

ps

or le

ss.

Perm

itted

in in

dust

rial e

stab

lishm

ents

whe

re o

nly

qual

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rson

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501

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505.

15.

May

be

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as

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l cab

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n a

mes

seng

er.

May

be

used

un

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aise

d �o

ors

in ro

oms

cont

aini

ng in

dust

rial p

roce

ss

cont

rol e

quip

men

t and

rack

room

s w

here

arr

ange

d to

pre

vent

da

mag

e to

the

cabl

e an

d un

der r

aise

d �o

ors

in IT

equ

ipm

ent

room

s in

acc

orda

nce

with

645

.5(E

)(5)(c

)

ITC

cabl

es c

ompl

y w

ith U

L 16

85

and/

or F

T4/IE

EE 1

202

70,0

00

BTU

/Hr.

(20.

5 kW

) ver

tical

-tra

y �a

me

test

s.IT

C ca

bles

are

sun

light

resi

stan

t.Ca

ble

mus

t be

mar

ked

“dire

ct

buria

l” fo

r suc

h us

e.

NEC

Art

icle

727

NFP

A 7

922

-12

AWG

UL

2250

Expo

sed

Run

listin

gCa

ble

mus

t be

labe

led

ER,

sign

ifyin

g it

mee

ts th

e cr

ush

and

impa

ct re

quire

men

ts o

f Ty

pe M

C ca

ble,

UL

1569

In in

dust

rial e

stab

lishm

ents

whe

re q

uali�

ed p

erso

ns s

ervi

ce

the

inst

alla

tion

and

whe

re c

able

is c

ontin

uous

ly s

uppo

rted

an

d pr

otec

ted

agai

nst p

hysi

cal d

amag

e us

ing

mec

hani

cal

prot

ectio

n, s

uch

as s

trut

s, an

gles

, or c

hann

els…

perm

itted

be

twee

n a

cabl

e tr

ay a

nd th

e ut

iliza

tion

equi

pmen

t or

devi

ce…

secu

red

at in

terv

als

not e

xcee

ding

1.8

m (6

’).

ITC-

ER c

able

s co

mpl

y w

ith U

L 16

85 a

nd/o

r FT4

/IEEE

120

2 70

,000

BTU

/Hr.

(20.

5 kW

) ve

rtic

al-t

ray

�am

e te

sts.

ITC-

ER c

able

s ar

e su

nlig

ht

resi

stan

t.Ca

ble

mus

t be

mar

ked

“dire

ct

buria

l” fo

r suc

h us

e.

NEC

Art

icle

727

,Es

peci

ally

727

.4(5

)N

FPA

79

22-1

2 AW

G

ITC

ITC-

ER

ITC,

ITC-

ER 3

00V

Cab

le, I

nten

ded

for 1

50V

or l

ess

and

5 A

mpe

res

or le

ss


Cabl

e A

genc

y A

ppro

val

Cabl

e G

auge

Nat

iona

l Ele

ctri

c Co

de

2011

Com

plia

nce

Rule

s fo

r Ins

talla

tion

Oth

er C

omm

ents

UL

13

For u

se in

a d

uct,

plen

um, o

r oth

er s

pace

use

d to

tran

spor

t en

viro

nmen

tal a

ir. P

erm

itted

in c

able

tray

s in

stal

led

indo

ors.

Cabl

es c

ompl

y w

ith N

FPA

262

Te

st fo

r Fla

me

Trav

el a

nd S

mok

e of

Wire

and

Cab

le.

Cabl

e ex

hibi

ts a

max

imum

�am

e-pr

opag

atio

n di

stan

ce n

ot

grea

ter t

han

5’ o

r 152

cm, p

eak

optic

al d

ensi

ty o

f sm

oke

prod

uced

of 0

.50

or le

ss (3

2%

light

tran

smis

sion

) and

an

aver

age

optic

al d

ensi

ty o

f sm

oke

prod

uced

of 0

.15

or le

ss.

NEC

Art

icle

725

.154

(A)

725.

154(

C)N

FPA

262

CL3P

28-

10 A

WG

CL2P

30-

6

AWG

UL

13Ca

bles

inst

alle

d in

ver

tical

runs

and

pen

etra

ting

mor

e th

an

one

�oor

or v

ertic

al ru

ns in

a s

haft

. M

ust b

e us

ed in

list

ed ri

ser

sign

alin

g ra

cew

ays

and

liste

d pl

enum

sig

nalin

g ra

cew

ays.

Perm

itted

in c

able

tray

s in

stal

led

indo

ors.

Cabl

es c

ompl

y w

ith U

L 16

66 Te

st

for F

lam

e-Pr

opag

atio

n H

eigh

t of

Cabl

es In

stal

led

Vert

ical

ly in

Sh

afts

. Fl

ame

prop

agat

ion

heig

ht <

12’

or 3

66 c

m a

nd

tem

pera

ture

s <8

50F

(454

.4C)

at

a he

ight

of 1

2’ o

r 366

cm

.

NEC

Art

icle

725

.154

(B)

725.

154(

C)U

L 16

66

CL3R

28-

10 A

WG

CL2R

20-

6 A

WG

For o

ther

than

ple

num

, ris

er, o

r tr

ay u

ses

Perm

itted

in o

ne- a

nd tw

o- fa

mily

dw

ellin

gs .

Rac

eway

is n

ot

requ

ired

but c

able

s m

ay b

e pu

lled

into

con

duit

or o

ther

ra

cew

ay.

Cabl

es c

ompl

y w

ith U

L 16

85

and/

or F

T4/IE

EE 1

202

70,0

00

BTU

/Hr.

(20.

5 kW

) ver

tical

-tra

y �a

me

test

s.

NEC

Art

icle

725

.154

(B)(3

)72

5.15

4(C)

CL3

28-1

0 AW

GCL

2 20

- 6

AWG

For L

imite

d U

seM

ust b

e us

ed w

ith p

rote

ctio

n su

ch a

s a

race

way

. M

ay b

e ex

pose

d in

unc

once

aled

spa

ces

if ca

ble

does

not

exc

eed

10’ o

r 3.

05m

.

Cabl

es c

ompl

y w

ith U

L VW

-1

vert

ical

-spe

cim

en �

ame

test

. N

EC A

rtic

le 7

25.1

54(B

)(3)

725.

154(

C)CL

3X 2

8-10

AW

GCL

2X 2

0- 6

AW

G

CL3P

, CL2

P, C

L3R,

CL2

R, C

L3, C

L2, C

L3X,

CL2

X

CL3P

CL2P

Pl

enum

Ca

bles

CL3

CL2

Com

-m

erci

al

Cabl

es

CL3X

CL

2X

Cabl

es

CL3R

CL

2R

Rise

r Ca

bles


Cabl

e A

genc

y A

ppro

val

Cabl

e G

auge

Nat

iona

l Ele

ctri

c Co

de

2011

Com

plia

nce

Rule

s fo

r Ins

talla

tion

Oth

er C

omm

ents

UL

444

See

Tabl

e 80

0.15

4(a)

NEC

201

1N

EC A

rtic

le 8

00N

FPA

262

Test

for F

lam

e Tr

avel

and

Sm

oke

of W

ires

and

Cabl

es fo

r Use

in

Air-

Han

dlin

g Sp

aces

UL

444

See

Tabl

e 80

0.15

4(a)

NEC

201

1N

EC A

rtic

le 8

00U

L 16

66 Te

st fo

r Fla

me

Prop

aga-

tion

Hei

ght o

f Ele

ctric

al a

nd

Opt

ical

-Fib

er C

able

Inst

alle

d Ve

rtic

ally

in S

haft

s

UL

444

See

Tabl

e 80

0.15

4(a)

NEC

201

1N

EC A

rtic

le 8

00CS

A C

22.2

No.

0.3

M-2

001

Vert

ical

Fl

ame

Test

– C

able

s in

Cab

le T

rays

. D

amag

e no

t to

exce

ed 1

.5m

(4’1

1”)

UL

444

See

Tabl

e 80

0.15

4(a)

NEC

201

1N

EC A

rtic

le 8

00U

L 16

85 V

ertic

al T

ray

Fire

Pro

paga

-tio

n an

d Sm

oke-

Rele

ase

Test

UL

444

See

Tabl

e 80

0.15

4(a)

NEC

201

1N

EC A

rtic

le 8

00VW

-1 F

lam

e Te

st U

L 15

81

CMP,

CM

R, C

MG

, CM

, CM

X

CMP

Plen

um

CMG

G

ener

al

Purp

ose

CM

Gen

eral

Pu

rpos

e

CMX

Lim

ited

U

se

CMR

Rise

r

Deepa

Typewritten Text

Source: http://www.askturck.com.au/docs/Turck-Tray-Cables-White-Paper.pdf

identifying tray cables for your next installation...comply with the ul 1685 and/or ft4/ ieee 1202...

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