identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in...

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Iden%fying op%mized use of fresh and saline water for irriga%on on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3 Radanielson A.M. , O. Angeles, T.Li, A.K. Rahman, D. Gaydon. Revitalizing the Ganges coastal zones conference Dhaka Oct 2123, 2014

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By A.M. Radanileson, O. Angeles, T. Li, A.K. Rahman, D. Gaydon Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference 21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Iden%fying  op%mized  use  of  fresh  and  saline  water  for  irriga%on  on  salt  affected  rice  systems  in  Bangladesh  using  ORYZA  ver.3  

Radanielson  A.M.  ,  O.  Angeles,  T.Li,  A.K.  Rahman,  D.  Gaydon.  

Revitalizing  the  Ganges  coastal  zones  conference  Dhaka  Oct  21-­‐23,  2014  

Page 2: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Outline  

1.  Ra>onale  and  objec>ves  2.  Methodology    3.  Results  4.  Summary  and  perspec>ves  

Page 3: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Rice  produc%on  challenges  in  Bangladesh  

•  Rice  demand  brought  by  increasing  popula>on:    –   By  2030,  40.0  M  tons    of  rice  for  about  190  M  popula>on  

•  Limited  resources  :    land,  water,  labour  •  Environmental  constraints  aggravated  by  climate  change    – Soil  salinity  – Sea  level  rise  – Extreme  weather  events  

Farmers livelihood

Page 4: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Opportuni%es  to  improve  rice  produc%on  in  salt-­‐affected  areas  

•  Over  30%  of  cropped  land  is  saline  

•  Saline-­‐tolerant  rice  varie>es  are  available  

•  Need  a  suitable  management  for  produc>ve  and  sustainable  cropping  systems  

Page 5: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Objec%ves  

1.  Evaluate  irriga>on  water  management  op>ons  to  reduce  salinity-­‐stress  on  rice  produc>on  –  Calibra>on  and  valida>on  of  a  modified  version  of  the  rice  model  ORYZA  ver.3  

–  Scenario  analyses  to  evaluate  performance  of  management  strategies  using  different  sowing  dates,  adapted  virtual  varie>es  and  the  mixing  fresh-­‐saline  water  as  an  irriga>on  approach  targeted  to  op>mize  yield  and  water  produc>vity  

2.  Iden>fy  poten>al  adapta>ve  strategies  for  salt-­‐affected  rice  systems  

Page 6: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Input:    Weather    Soil      Crop  management    Cul>var  parameters  

Output:    Crop  phenology    LA  index    Crop  N  status    Biomass  produc>on    Crop  Yield  

Phenology    Assimila%on  Biomass  produc%on    

                     Biomass  par%%oning      Water  balance            N  balance  

Dynamics  of  salinity  in  soil  

The  model  ORYZA  and  its  improvement  

Page 7: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Iden>fica>on  of  suitable  irriga>on  strategy  to  manage  saline  and  fresh  water  availability  for  increasing  salt  affected  areas  produc>vity  

Site:  Satkhira  BARI  experiment  sta>on    Variety:  BR47    

Boro  Rice:  2013  and  2014    

Irriga>on  water:        1.  Freshwater        2.  Mixture  1:1  ra>o  of    fresh  and  saline  

water  (AFS1:1)        3.  Mixture  of  2:1  of    fresh  and  saline  

water  (AFS2:1)        4.  Saline  water  

Experiments  for  model  calibra%on  and  valida%on  

Page 8: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Satkhira  2013   Satkhira    2014  

Variability  of  soil  salinity  with  irriga%on  water  

•  Salinity  range:  1-­‐  16  dS  m-­‐1  

•  Con>nuous  increase  of  soil  salinity  over  the  crop  growth  

0

4

8

12

16

0 50 100 150

Soil  salin

ity  at  1

5  cm

 dep

th(dS  m

-­‐1)

Days  after  sowing

2:1  ratio

1:1  ratio

Saline  water

Fresh  water0

4

8

12

16

0 50 100 150

Soil  salin

ity  at  1

5  cm

 dep

th(dS  m

-­‐1)

Days  after  sowing

Page 9: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Iden>fica>on  of  suitable  irriga>on  strategy  to  manage  saline  and  fresh  water  availability  for  increasing  salt  affected  areas  produc>vity  

Site:  Infanta  Laguna  (Farmer’s  field)  Variety:  BR47  Dry  season:  2013  and  2014  Irriga>on  water:        1.  Freshwater        2.  Alternate  fresh  and  saline  water  (AFS1)        3.  Alternate  fresh  and  saline  water  (AFS2)        4.  Saline  water  

Experiments  for  model  calibra%on  and  valida%on  

Page 10: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Variability  of  soil  salinity  with  irriga%on  water  

Infanta  2013   Infanta  2014  

•  Salinity  range:  1-­‐  15  dS  m-­‐1  

•  The  soil  salinity  of  alternate  fresh-­‐saline  water  irriga>on  with  2-­‐week  interval  was  not  significantly  different  from  fresh  water  irrigated  treatment.  

0

5

10

15

50 80 110 140

Soil  salin

ity  at  1

5  cm

 dep

th  

(dS  m

-­‐1)

Days  after  sowing

0

5

10

15

30 60 90 120

Soil  salinity

 at  1

5  cm

 dep

th  

(dS  m

-­‐1)

Days  after  sowing

Fresh  Water

Saline  Water

AFS2

AFS1

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Oryza  ver.3’s  ability  to  simulate  BRRI  Dhan  47  performance  

Yield  7.5t/ha  RMSEn:  20.19  

Yield  5-­‐6t/ha  RMSEn  :  13.10  

0

3000

6000

9000

12000

15000

0 30 60 90 120 150

Dry  biom

ass  (kg/ha

)

Day  after  sowing

0

3000

6000

9000

12000

15000

0 50 100 150

Dry  biom

ass  (kg/ha

)

Day  after  sowing

0

3000

6000

9000

12000

15000

0 50 100 150

Dry  biom

ass  (kg/ha

)

Day  after  sowing

0

3000

6000

9000

12000

15000

0 50 100 150

Dry  biom

ass  (kg/ha

)

Day  after  sowing

Simulated  above  ground  biomass Observed  above  gorund  biomass

Simulated  yield Observed  grain  yield

Page 12: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Model  ability  in  salinity  effects  simula%on  on  BR47  yield  under  Satkhira  condi%ons  

0

2

4

6

8

10

0 2 4 6 8 10

Sim

ulat

ed (t

/ha)

Measured (t/ha)

Rice Yields

Y  =  0.77  x  +  220.4  r2  0.61  P(t)  0.18  EF  0.97  RMSE  344  RMSE  n        9.8%  n  =  63  

A  model  reproduces  experimental  data  best  when  α  is  1,  β  is  0,  R2  is  1,  P(t)  is  larger  than  0.05  (indica>ng  observed  and  simulated  data  are  the  same  at  the  95%  confidence  level),  and  the  RMSE  is  similar  to  standard  devia>on  of  experimental  measurements.  

Page 13: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

 Scenario  simula%ons  

Factors:    

•  Satkhira  weather  data  over  15  years:  2000  -­‐2014  •  Virtual  varie>es:  BR47  with  long,  medium,  and  short  crop  dura>on  

•  Sowing  dates:  weekly  from  Dec  1  to  Feb  10  •  Irriga>on  water  management  

–  Fresh  water  –  Saline  water  –  1:  1  ra>o  fresh  to  saline  water  –  2:  1  ra>o  fresh  to  saline  water  

Page 14: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Variability  of  yields    and  water  produc%vity  among  varie%es  

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

Tran

spire

d  water  produ

ctivity

 (m

m/kg)

Variety  X  water  irrigation  management

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Grain  yield  (t/ha)

Varieties  X  Irrigation  water  management

•  Higher  yield  was  observed  for  long  dura>on  variety  •  Higher  water  produc>vity  was  observed  for  medium    dura>on  variety  

•  Op>mized  produc>vity  for  medium    variety  under  mixture  2  :1  ra>o  

         SW    FW  2W  1W  SHORT                          

SW    FW  2W  1W  LONG                          

SW    FW  2W  1W  MEDIUM  

                       

         SW    FW  2W  1W  SHORT                          

SW    FW  2W  1W  LONG                          

SW    FW  2W  1W  MEDIUM  

                       

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Trends  of  yield  and  water  produc%vity  over  sowing  dates  

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.2

5 12 19 26 33 40 336 343 350 357 364

Tran

spire

d  water  produ

ctivity

 (mm/kg)

Date  of  sowing  (Julian  day)

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

5 12 19 26 33 40 336 343 350 357 364

Grain  yield    (kg/ha)

Date  of  sowing  (Julian  day)

•  Windows  of  cropping  calendar  tested  was  op>mized  for  a  yield  mean  

•  Efficient  water  use  and  higher  yield  were  observed  for  third  week  of  December  and  second  week  of  January  

Page 16: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Summary  and  perspec%ves  •  ORYZA  ver.3  has  good  ability  to  simulate  rice  produc>on  under  saline  

condi>ons  •  The  model  is  now  calibrated  with  BRRI  Dhan  47  •  Alterna>ng  saline  water  with  freshwater  in  2-­‐week  interval  or  mixing  2  

parts  of  freshwater  with  1  part  of  saline  water  are  poten>al  irriga>on  approaches  in  rice  cul>va>on  along  saline  areas  where  freshwater  is  limited  

•  Op>mized  water  produc>vity  and  higher  yield  were  enhanced  using  medium  and  long  dura>on  varie>es  established  at  around  3rd  week  of  December  (357)  and  1st  week  of  January  (12)  under  Satkhira,  Bangladesh  condi>ons  

•  Matching  the  assessment  with  current  farmers’  prac>ces  will  generate  useful  informa>on  on  prac>cal  strategies  for  op>miza>on  

•  Mapping  of  sites  with  available  and  limited  freshwater  source  will  be  useful  in  es>ma>ng  yield  poten>al  and  targe>ng  appropriate  technologies  

Page 17: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

THANK  YOU    

Page 18: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

Variability  of  simulated  yields  

Factors Df SS MS F value Pr(>F)

Year 13 1874169209 144166862 115.6612 <2e-16 *** Date of sowing 10 8257068 825707 0.6624 0.7603

Treatment 3 2697853515 899284505 721.472 <2e-16 *** Variety 2 947924737 473962368 380.2474 <2e-16 ***

Error 5297 6602487508 1246458

Page 19: Identifying optimized use of fresh and saline water for irrigation on salt affected rice systems in Bangladesh using ORYZA ver.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

01-­‐Jan-­‐13 11-­‐Apr-­‐13 20-­‐Jul-­‐13 28-­‐Oct-­‐13 05-­‐Feb-­‐14 16-­‐May-­‐14

Underground  water

River  water

Ponded  water

Soil  at  15  cm  depth

Salinity  build-­‐up  in  Satkhira  site