identification and management abortion prepared by: loveness mwase kaweche mwase ackson chandula...
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IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT ABORTIONPrepared by:
Loveness Mwase Kaweche Mwase Ackson Chandula
Warwick-Etatmba
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OUTLINE
• Introduction• Objectives• Incidence• Classification• Causes• Diagnosis• Complications• Management• Prevention
Warwick-Etatmba
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INTRODUCTION• Definition A process where a woman has threat or termination of
(intrauterine) pregnancy by any means below 28 weeks safely or unsafely.
More than half of abortions in developing country are unsafe.It may occur legally or illegally in safe, less safe, unsafe and
very unsafe situations.One of a major contributing factor to maternal mortality rate
with epidemiological evidence as a public health problem national wide and globally.
Warwick-Etatmba
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OBJECTIVES• Understand definition, causes, prevention and management of
Abortion• Appreciate magnitude.• Recognize presentation of complications.• Practice effective management.
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INCIDENCE• Directly-9%
• Indirectly-43%(Hemorrhage +Sepsis
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CLASSIFICATION
It may be spontaneous or induced1. According outcome
Safe Unsafe
2. Clinically Threatening Complete Incomplete Missed
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CAUSES• Includes
Maternal conditions e.g. infections, uterine defects, cervical incompetence and malaria
Fetal conditions e.g. maldevelopment of ovum, Chromosomal abnormality and defective implantation.
Underlining causes e.g. Nutritional status.
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Tools used for abortion(unsafe)
Alligator pepper, chalk and alum
Cassava plant
Bahaman grass BleachQuinine and other Drugs
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DIAGNOSIS
• Patient presentation.• Comprehensive history taking and physical examination.• Laboratory tests and radiological assessment.
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COMPLICATIONS• Short term
Retained product of conceptionHemorrhage Instrumental injuryShock
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Complications Cont...d• Long Term
Pelvic Inflammatory DiseaseTubal Occlusion InfertilityEctopic PregnancyChronic Pelvic Pain
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MANAGEMENT• It is done according to gestation age and classification using
National guidelines.• All abortions occurring at < 12 weeks; do Manual Vacuum
Aspiration{MVA} and those occurring >12 weeks do evacuation and this include:
History taking and full physical examination. Postal abortal care. Give Family planning
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PREVENTION• Counseling and Health Education• Access to Family Planning methods• Antenatal Services– Screening for risk groups
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REFERENCES
1. WHO Systemic Review of Causes of Maternal Death
2. US Agency for International Development
3. Life Saving Skills Manual.
THANK YOU.