idealisttheory of development

aida l. roma cruzcd 202aug 15, 2013

Models

- Bible - More’s Utopia- Plato’s Republic - Hegel’s ideal state - Confucianism - Taoism

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Bible - Genesis 2: 8-14

8 And the Lord God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he put the man whom he had formed. 9 And out of the ground the Lord God made to spring up every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food. The tree of life was in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.

10 A river flowed out of Eden to water the garden, and there it divided and became four rivers. 11 The name of the first is the Pishon. It is the one that flowed around the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. 12 And the gold of that land is good; bdellium and onyx stone are there. 13 The name of the second river is the Gihon. It is the one that flowed around the whole land of Cush. 14 And the name of the third river is the Tigris, which flows east of Assyria. And the fourth river is the Euphrates.

- In this passage, it suggest that man and nature are in harmony; no selfish intention; no malice

- Equality

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More’s Utopia

Sir Thomas More- 7 February 1478 – 6 July 1535- English lawyer; renaissance humanist; author;

statesman- Canonized in 1935 by Pope Pius XI (martyr of

schism)- Declared as ‘heavenly patron of statesmen and

politicians’ in 2000 by Pope John Paul II- Tried for treason- Convicted on perjured testimony and beheaded

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Utopia - published 1516 - describing a fictional island society in the

Atlantic Ocean. - a community or society possessing highly

desirable or perfect qualities; a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social conditions:

All the citizens participate with all equality in

activities related to food, clothing, housing, education, philosophy, government, war and even religion.

The population is kept constant so as not to permit the shortage of resources which is being maintained.

War is waged only in self-defense or to relieved the oppressed

More’s Utopia

- his response to the economic ills of 16th century Europe where:

so much inequality prevailed wealth was concentrated in the hands of the few majority was impoverished

The basic doctrine embodied I this theory are: Man has always sought his vision of a better life; perennially dissatisfied with what he has and perennially long for what he lacks; and men are to live happily altogether.

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Plato’s Republic

Plato

- Greek philosopher- Mathematician- Student of Socrates, teacher of

Aristotle

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Plato’s Republic

The Republic- Socratic dialogue, written around

380 BC- his best-known work and has

proven to be one of the most intellectually and historically influential works of philosophy and political theory

- one of the earliest conceptions of utopia

Plato’s Republic- aim to reform the Greek society- its basic doctrine is that men varied in

abilities, mental capacity and temperaments- divided the people into 3 classes as 1st step of

reorganization of the state Guardians – governing class Auxiliaries - army Masses- artisans, industrial and agricultural workers

Plato’s RepublicGuardians

- governing class who are morally and intellectually superior- unselfish and oblivious to financial gain and even happiness- to preserve their virtue, they are forbidden to hold property or to

have families

Auxiliaries - enforcing the guardian’s orders and for protecting the commonwealth

Masses- they receive common education

All are required to share their food, houses and goods. Everyone takes his meal at public tables.

Critique- viable during the existence of communal

societies- detached from present reality; tend to divert

from the real and current situation- unrealistic blueprint, imaginary society- dwells on past glories (i.e. garden of eden)- does not fit to the present changing situation

of the Philippines