id 120303045 (chemials use in bangladesh textile industry)
TRANSCRIPT
Submitted By Name Sarif Md Al-aminID No 12030345Batch 1203Subject Advance Textile Finishing and Coating Subject code ACF 403Department BSTE Program BSc in Textile Engineering
Assignment Topic Chemical Use In Bangladesh Textile Industry
Submitted ToMr Md RashaduzzamanSenior Lecturer Green University Of Banglades
Page 1 of 19
Chemicals use in Bangladesh Textile Industry
Size Chemicals
Generally starch of maize corn rice potato amp CMC PVA PVC are used as adhesive Tamarinis used as adhesive on jute yarnFunction
To improve strength To impart adhesion making the yarn less hairy To increase abrasion resistance To increase smoothness To reduce elasticity amp stiffness To reduce extensibility
Japan wax tallow mineral waxes vegetable waxes animal fats mineral oils amp vegetable oils are used as a lubricantFunction
Make the yarn smooth amp slippery To soften the yarn To reduce stiffness To increase elasticity
Salicylic acid zinc chloride phenol etc are used as antiseptic agentFunction
To prevent mildew formation To preserve size material for a long time Help to store the sized yarn Protect yarn from bacteria or fungus
Glycerin calciumchloride are used as deliquescent agentFunction-
To prevent excessive drying of yarn Absorb moisture from air Prevent the brittleness of size
Chinaclay sodiump hosphate etc Are used as weighting agentsFunction-
To increase the weight of yarn To impart fullness amp feel to the fabric
Page 2 of 19
Materials Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Adhesive
PVC CMC PVA
Shanxi Sanwei Group Co Ltd Sanwei Chaina
Topioca NGUYEN VIET INTERNATIONAL Ltd Topioca Starch Viatnam
Starch of maize Binapuri Logistics Corn starch Malysia
Lubricant
Tallow S-TRADE MARKETING PTY LTD SL-MLA Product South Africa
Wax Showcase Group Pty Ltd Wax Australia
Minare oil Guangzhou Hangsheng Chemical Ind Paraffin oil Vaseli China
Antiseptic agent
Salicylic acid Chaina Haorun Industrial Group CoLtd HR China
Zinc chloride Jinzhou Honest Zinc Industry Factory Xiangnan China
Phenol Taizhou Changxiong Plastic Co Ltd HANGXIONG China
Deliquescent agent
Glycerin VITEC KOTA ENTERPRISE Glycerin Malysia
Calcium chloride
Heze Datong Chemical Co Ltd Datong China
Weighting agents
Aluminium Silicate BRIJ MINERALS Chinaclay India
Sodium phosphate Yihua group LLC TSP China
Size Chemicals Brand name amp their manufacturer
Chemical Structure of Size agentChemical
Name Structure Chemical Name Structure
PVC CMC
PVA Starch
Salicylic acid Zinc chloride
Phenol Glycerin
Page 3 of 19
Calcium chloride
Aluminium Silicate
Sodium phosphate
Basic Chemicals Acetic Acid Oxalic Acid Soda Ash
Sodium Hypo chloride Sulphuric Acid Hydrochloric Acid
Basic Chemicals Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals
name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Acetic Acid Pacific Neptune Sdn Bhd Borofair Malaysia
Oxalic AcidYantai Xintu
International Trading Co Ltd
RLB china
Soda Ash Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-SN Malaysia
Sodium Hipochloride
SUNSHINE CHEMICALS
Sodium Cyanide South Africa
Sulphuric Acid
Xintai copper industrial co LTD in
LaigaJinshan China
Hydrochloric Acid
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryTradeshipgroup China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Basic Chemicals-Acetic Acid As we say that disperse dyes enters in the non crystalline region of the polyester at high temperature than acetic acid has a great role we should have to maintain pH 4-5 for dye fixation Since our inception we have been satisfying our global clients offering acetic acid with molecular formula CH3COOH Acetic acid offered by us is a clear liquid free from suspended matter having pungent odor at temperature above crystallization point
Page 4 of 19
We procure textile acetic acid from reliable sources and are stringently tested at our end for purity quality composition and formulation Widely used in the textile industry these acids are colorless liquid or crystals in appearance Acetic acid is a weak acid It is available at different concentrations Highly concentrated acetic acid at 98 and above is called glacial acetic acid because its freezing point range is between 133 ordmC (98) and 167 ordmC (100) Glacial acetic acid is flammable The concentration of acetic acid can easily be determined using acidndashbase titration with phenolphthalein as an indicator The water used should be free from CO2 prepared by boiling before use
Oxalic Acid Oxalic Acid also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Oxalic acid offered by us is the compound with the chemical formula H2C2O4 This is a dicarboxylic acid and can be well again described with the formula HOOCCOOH It acts as a relatively strong organic acid as it is about 3000 times strong as acetic acid These are used as a mordant in dyeing processes in the Textile industry
Soda Ash Na2CO3 also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is also called soda ash In textile wet processes it is often available in anhydrous form Its purity can be gt 99 Na2CO3 (58 Na2O) If the concentration of a Na2CO3 solution needs to be determined a titrimetric method identical to the ones listed for NaOH in this section can be usedNa2CO3 is a medium type of alkali compare to NaoH It use to maintain pH from 8-11
Sodium Hipochloride Sodium Hypochlorite is a greenish-yellow liquid commonly referred to as Bleach The chemical formula for Sodium Hypochlorite is NaOCl Sodium Hypochlorite is prepared by reacting dilute caustic soda solution with liquid or gaseous chlorine accompanied by cooling In hypochlorite bleaching of textiles active chlorine is the species measured for the control of the bleaching process Iodometry is the method used to determine the content of active chlorineSodium Hipochloride is the strongest oxidation agent because it capable to giving oxygen at room temperatureBy using sodium hipochloride bleaching in industry now a days is absolute because of extra process is required for remove chlorine which is costly The process of removing of chlorine called anti chlor treatment This is the main dis advantage of Sodium Hipochloride bleaching
Sulphuric Acid Sulphuric Acid use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently It is on of the strongest acid By use it we can increased pH rapidly But it also have some disadvantage It dissolved cellulose of cotton amp depredate fiber
Page 5 of 19
Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloride acid used in Textile bleaching Bleaching of cotton fabrics Wool scouring (see article)Bleaching of wool Waste water treatment (see article) Measuring dissolved oxygen amp neutralization of alkali
Bleaching Agent Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide and an oxidizer Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid slightly more viscous than water In dilute solution it appears colorless
Hydrogen peroxide Brand name their manufacturer amp structure
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Hydrogen peroxide
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryDioxidane China
Daifu Industries Group Co Limited Daifu China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Bleaching Agent-
Hydrogen peroxideHydrogen peroxide is seen as an environmentally safe alternative to chlorine-based bleaches H2O2 can be use for bleaching cotton silk jute Less water is required for peroxide bleaching For bleaching of colored cotton goods peroxide is better than hypochlorideThere is generally no need for through scouring before peroxide bleaching Peroxide ha excellent storage stability It is involves low risk of chemical damage of cotton The main disadvantage of peroxide bleaching is peroxide lefy on fabric causes uneven dyeing
Salt or Electrolytes Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate) Common Salt (NaCl) Caustic Soda (NaOH)
Salt use in textile industry as a Electrolytes to increase the affinity of dyestuff towards fibre
Salt Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Page 6 of 19
name
Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate)
Shanxi Xihui Technology Co
LtdXiHui China
Common Salt (NaCl) Heze Datong
Chemical Co Ltd DT-HZ China
Caustic Soda(NaOH)
Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-99 Malaysia
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Salt-The textile substrate and dye molecule not necessarily should have of homogeneous characteristics to combine with each other In such case we require some catalyst to facilitate dyeing action on fabric Salt plays this crucial role of catalyst Salt has an extremely high affinity for water Broadly speaking Salt is necessary in three ways firstly to drive dye into textile during the dyeing process in textile Secondly use of salt leads to maximum exhaustion of dye molecules during dyeing process in textiles Thirdly it is used as an electrolyte for migration adsorption and fixation of the dyestuff to the cellulose material Salts plays important role in reactive dyeing by improving the affinity of the dyestuff towards the fibre and acceleration of the dyestuffs association and lowering its solubility Normally Glaubers salt or common salt vacuum salt is used for this purpose The presence of chlorine ion in the common salt may cause corrosion of the equipment Hence Glaubers salt is always preferred over common salt Glaubers salt is a common name for sodium sulfate decahydrate Na2SO410H2O it occurs as white or colorless monoclinic crystals Upon exposure to fairly dry air it effloresces forming powdery anhydrous sodium sulfate Johann Glauberrsquos was the first to produce the salt (from Hungarian spring waters) Glaubers salt is water soluble has a salty bitter taste and is sometimes used in medicine as a mild laxative it is also widely used in dyeing Vacuum salt is the common name of sodium chloride (NaCl)
The salt in the reactive dyeing increases the affinity of the dye towards the Cellulosic substrateSalt increases the exhaustion rate of reactive dyestuffsAs reactive dyestuffs have a lower affinity more inorganic salt is required when using reactive dyestuffs in order to accelerate absorptionWhile the amount of inorganic salt used varies according to the type of dyestuff used recently developed high-fixation dyestuffs with improved affinity allow the amount of inorganic salt to be reduced
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Due to considerations of effectiveness and cost both Glaubers salt and common salt (sodium chloride) are used in dyeing In terms of their role as an inorganic salt these two are effectively the same because of the sodium cation active in both
Scouring AgentThis is needed to remove the oil fats etc from the fabric The term lsquoscouringrsquo applies to the removal of impurities such as oils was gums soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth To remove natural as well as added impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possibleTo increase absorbency of textile materialTo leave the fabric in a highly hydrophilic condition without undergoing chemical or physical damage significantly
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Scouring Agent
Zhejiang Transfar CoLtd TF-120C China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wuxi Yicheng chemical COLTD YICHENG China
In the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali ( soda ash and caustic soda) an anionic andor nonionic detergent a wetting agent a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents at high temperatureThe scouring operation was conventionally done in kiermachines and hence the process was called kier boiling but now a days the scouring is done mostly in the dyeing machines itself as a part of combined or single operation such as scouring and bleaching Saponification of fats into water soluble soap and water miscible
Page 8 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
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httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
Chemicals use in Bangladesh Textile Industry
Size Chemicals
Generally starch of maize corn rice potato amp CMC PVA PVC are used as adhesive Tamarinis used as adhesive on jute yarnFunction
To improve strength To impart adhesion making the yarn less hairy To increase abrasion resistance To increase smoothness To reduce elasticity amp stiffness To reduce extensibility
Japan wax tallow mineral waxes vegetable waxes animal fats mineral oils amp vegetable oils are used as a lubricantFunction
Make the yarn smooth amp slippery To soften the yarn To reduce stiffness To increase elasticity
Salicylic acid zinc chloride phenol etc are used as antiseptic agentFunction
To prevent mildew formation To preserve size material for a long time Help to store the sized yarn Protect yarn from bacteria or fungus
Glycerin calciumchloride are used as deliquescent agentFunction-
To prevent excessive drying of yarn Absorb moisture from air Prevent the brittleness of size
Chinaclay sodiump hosphate etc Are used as weighting agentsFunction-
To increase the weight of yarn To impart fullness amp feel to the fabric
Page 2 of 19
Materials Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Adhesive
PVC CMC PVA
Shanxi Sanwei Group Co Ltd Sanwei Chaina
Topioca NGUYEN VIET INTERNATIONAL Ltd Topioca Starch Viatnam
Starch of maize Binapuri Logistics Corn starch Malysia
Lubricant
Tallow S-TRADE MARKETING PTY LTD SL-MLA Product South Africa
Wax Showcase Group Pty Ltd Wax Australia
Minare oil Guangzhou Hangsheng Chemical Ind Paraffin oil Vaseli China
Antiseptic agent
Salicylic acid Chaina Haorun Industrial Group CoLtd HR China
Zinc chloride Jinzhou Honest Zinc Industry Factory Xiangnan China
Phenol Taizhou Changxiong Plastic Co Ltd HANGXIONG China
Deliquescent agent
Glycerin VITEC KOTA ENTERPRISE Glycerin Malysia
Calcium chloride
Heze Datong Chemical Co Ltd Datong China
Weighting agents
Aluminium Silicate BRIJ MINERALS Chinaclay India
Sodium phosphate Yihua group LLC TSP China
Size Chemicals Brand name amp their manufacturer
Chemical Structure of Size agentChemical
Name Structure Chemical Name Structure
PVC CMC
PVA Starch
Salicylic acid Zinc chloride
Phenol Glycerin
Page 3 of 19
Calcium chloride
Aluminium Silicate
Sodium phosphate
Basic Chemicals Acetic Acid Oxalic Acid Soda Ash
Sodium Hypo chloride Sulphuric Acid Hydrochloric Acid
Basic Chemicals Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals
name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Acetic Acid Pacific Neptune Sdn Bhd Borofair Malaysia
Oxalic AcidYantai Xintu
International Trading Co Ltd
RLB china
Soda Ash Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-SN Malaysia
Sodium Hipochloride
SUNSHINE CHEMICALS
Sodium Cyanide South Africa
Sulphuric Acid
Xintai copper industrial co LTD in
LaigaJinshan China
Hydrochloric Acid
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryTradeshipgroup China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Basic Chemicals-Acetic Acid As we say that disperse dyes enters in the non crystalline region of the polyester at high temperature than acetic acid has a great role we should have to maintain pH 4-5 for dye fixation Since our inception we have been satisfying our global clients offering acetic acid with molecular formula CH3COOH Acetic acid offered by us is a clear liquid free from suspended matter having pungent odor at temperature above crystallization point
Page 4 of 19
We procure textile acetic acid from reliable sources and are stringently tested at our end for purity quality composition and formulation Widely used in the textile industry these acids are colorless liquid or crystals in appearance Acetic acid is a weak acid It is available at different concentrations Highly concentrated acetic acid at 98 and above is called glacial acetic acid because its freezing point range is between 133 ordmC (98) and 167 ordmC (100) Glacial acetic acid is flammable The concentration of acetic acid can easily be determined using acidndashbase titration with phenolphthalein as an indicator The water used should be free from CO2 prepared by boiling before use
Oxalic Acid Oxalic Acid also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Oxalic acid offered by us is the compound with the chemical formula H2C2O4 This is a dicarboxylic acid and can be well again described with the formula HOOCCOOH It acts as a relatively strong organic acid as it is about 3000 times strong as acetic acid These are used as a mordant in dyeing processes in the Textile industry
Soda Ash Na2CO3 also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is also called soda ash In textile wet processes it is often available in anhydrous form Its purity can be gt 99 Na2CO3 (58 Na2O) If the concentration of a Na2CO3 solution needs to be determined a titrimetric method identical to the ones listed for NaOH in this section can be usedNa2CO3 is a medium type of alkali compare to NaoH It use to maintain pH from 8-11
Sodium Hipochloride Sodium Hypochlorite is a greenish-yellow liquid commonly referred to as Bleach The chemical formula for Sodium Hypochlorite is NaOCl Sodium Hypochlorite is prepared by reacting dilute caustic soda solution with liquid or gaseous chlorine accompanied by cooling In hypochlorite bleaching of textiles active chlorine is the species measured for the control of the bleaching process Iodometry is the method used to determine the content of active chlorineSodium Hipochloride is the strongest oxidation agent because it capable to giving oxygen at room temperatureBy using sodium hipochloride bleaching in industry now a days is absolute because of extra process is required for remove chlorine which is costly The process of removing of chlorine called anti chlor treatment This is the main dis advantage of Sodium Hipochloride bleaching
Sulphuric Acid Sulphuric Acid use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently It is on of the strongest acid By use it we can increased pH rapidly But it also have some disadvantage It dissolved cellulose of cotton amp depredate fiber
Page 5 of 19
Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloride acid used in Textile bleaching Bleaching of cotton fabrics Wool scouring (see article)Bleaching of wool Waste water treatment (see article) Measuring dissolved oxygen amp neutralization of alkali
Bleaching Agent Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide and an oxidizer Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid slightly more viscous than water In dilute solution it appears colorless
Hydrogen peroxide Brand name their manufacturer amp structure
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Hydrogen peroxide
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryDioxidane China
Daifu Industries Group Co Limited Daifu China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Bleaching Agent-
Hydrogen peroxideHydrogen peroxide is seen as an environmentally safe alternative to chlorine-based bleaches H2O2 can be use for bleaching cotton silk jute Less water is required for peroxide bleaching For bleaching of colored cotton goods peroxide is better than hypochlorideThere is generally no need for through scouring before peroxide bleaching Peroxide ha excellent storage stability It is involves low risk of chemical damage of cotton The main disadvantage of peroxide bleaching is peroxide lefy on fabric causes uneven dyeing
Salt or Electrolytes Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate) Common Salt (NaCl) Caustic Soda (NaOH)
Salt use in textile industry as a Electrolytes to increase the affinity of dyestuff towards fibre
Salt Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Page 6 of 19
name
Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate)
Shanxi Xihui Technology Co
LtdXiHui China
Common Salt (NaCl) Heze Datong
Chemical Co Ltd DT-HZ China
Caustic Soda(NaOH)
Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-99 Malaysia
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Salt-The textile substrate and dye molecule not necessarily should have of homogeneous characteristics to combine with each other In such case we require some catalyst to facilitate dyeing action on fabric Salt plays this crucial role of catalyst Salt has an extremely high affinity for water Broadly speaking Salt is necessary in three ways firstly to drive dye into textile during the dyeing process in textile Secondly use of salt leads to maximum exhaustion of dye molecules during dyeing process in textiles Thirdly it is used as an electrolyte for migration adsorption and fixation of the dyestuff to the cellulose material Salts plays important role in reactive dyeing by improving the affinity of the dyestuff towards the fibre and acceleration of the dyestuffs association and lowering its solubility Normally Glaubers salt or common salt vacuum salt is used for this purpose The presence of chlorine ion in the common salt may cause corrosion of the equipment Hence Glaubers salt is always preferred over common salt Glaubers salt is a common name for sodium sulfate decahydrate Na2SO410H2O it occurs as white or colorless monoclinic crystals Upon exposure to fairly dry air it effloresces forming powdery anhydrous sodium sulfate Johann Glauberrsquos was the first to produce the salt (from Hungarian spring waters) Glaubers salt is water soluble has a salty bitter taste and is sometimes used in medicine as a mild laxative it is also widely used in dyeing Vacuum salt is the common name of sodium chloride (NaCl)
The salt in the reactive dyeing increases the affinity of the dye towards the Cellulosic substrateSalt increases the exhaustion rate of reactive dyestuffsAs reactive dyestuffs have a lower affinity more inorganic salt is required when using reactive dyestuffs in order to accelerate absorptionWhile the amount of inorganic salt used varies according to the type of dyestuff used recently developed high-fixation dyestuffs with improved affinity allow the amount of inorganic salt to be reduced
Page 7 of 19
Due to considerations of effectiveness and cost both Glaubers salt and common salt (sodium chloride) are used in dyeing In terms of their role as an inorganic salt these two are effectively the same because of the sodium cation active in both
Scouring AgentThis is needed to remove the oil fats etc from the fabric The term lsquoscouringrsquo applies to the removal of impurities such as oils was gums soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth To remove natural as well as added impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possibleTo increase absorbency of textile materialTo leave the fabric in a highly hydrophilic condition without undergoing chemical or physical damage significantly
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Scouring Agent
Zhejiang Transfar CoLtd TF-120C China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wuxi Yicheng chemical COLTD YICHENG China
In the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali ( soda ash and caustic soda) an anionic andor nonionic detergent a wetting agent a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents at high temperatureThe scouring operation was conventionally done in kiermachines and hence the process was called kier boiling but now a days the scouring is done mostly in the dyeing machines itself as a part of combined or single operation such as scouring and bleaching Saponification of fats into water soluble soap and water miscible
Page 8 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
Materials Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Adhesive
PVC CMC PVA
Shanxi Sanwei Group Co Ltd Sanwei Chaina
Topioca NGUYEN VIET INTERNATIONAL Ltd Topioca Starch Viatnam
Starch of maize Binapuri Logistics Corn starch Malysia
Lubricant
Tallow S-TRADE MARKETING PTY LTD SL-MLA Product South Africa
Wax Showcase Group Pty Ltd Wax Australia
Minare oil Guangzhou Hangsheng Chemical Ind Paraffin oil Vaseli China
Antiseptic agent
Salicylic acid Chaina Haorun Industrial Group CoLtd HR China
Zinc chloride Jinzhou Honest Zinc Industry Factory Xiangnan China
Phenol Taizhou Changxiong Plastic Co Ltd HANGXIONG China
Deliquescent agent
Glycerin VITEC KOTA ENTERPRISE Glycerin Malysia
Calcium chloride
Heze Datong Chemical Co Ltd Datong China
Weighting agents
Aluminium Silicate BRIJ MINERALS Chinaclay India
Sodium phosphate Yihua group LLC TSP China
Size Chemicals Brand name amp their manufacturer
Chemical Structure of Size agentChemical
Name Structure Chemical Name Structure
PVC CMC
PVA Starch
Salicylic acid Zinc chloride
Phenol Glycerin
Page 3 of 19
Calcium chloride
Aluminium Silicate
Sodium phosphate
Basic Chemicals Acetic Acid Oxalic Acid Soda Ash
Sodium Hypo chloride Sulphuric Acid Hydrochloric Acid
Basic Chemicals Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals
name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Acetic Acid Pacific Neptune Sdn Bhd Borofair Malaysia
Oxalic AcidYantai Xintu
International Trading Co Ltd
RLB china
Soda Ash Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-SN Malaysia
Sodium Hipochloride
SUNSHINE CHEMICALS
Sodium Cyanide South Africa
Sulphuric Acid
Xintai copper industrial co LTD in
LaigaJinshan China
Hydrochloric Acid
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryTradeshipgroup China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Basic Chemicals-Acetic Acid As we say that disperse dyes enters in the non crystalline region of the polyester at high temperature than acetic acid has a great role we should have to maintain pH 4-5 for dye fixation Since our inception we have been satisfying our global clients offering acetic acid with molecular formula CH3COOH Acetic acid offered by us is a clear liquid free from suspended matter having pungent odor at temperature above crystallization point
Page 4 of 19
We procure textile acetic acid from reliable sources and are stringently tested at our end for purity quality composition and formulation Widely used in the textile industry these acids are colorless liquid or crystals in appearance Acetic acid is a weak acid It is available at different concentrations Highly concentrated acetic acid at 98 and above is called glacial acetic acid because its freezing point range is between 133 ordmC (98) and 167 ordmC (100) Glacial acetic acid is flammable The concentration of acetic acid can easily be determined using acidndashbase titration with phenolphthalein as an indicator The water used should be free from CO2 prepared by boiling before use
Oxalic Acid Oxalic Acid also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Oxalic acid offered by us is the compound with the chemical formula H2C2O4 This is a dicarboxylic acid and can be well again described with the formula HOOCCOOH It acts as a relatively strong organic acid as it is about 3000 times strong as acetic acid These are used as a mordant in dyeing processes in the Textile industry
Soda Ash Na2CO3 also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is also called soda ash In textile wet processes it is often available in anhydrous form Its purity can be gt 99 Na2CO3 (58 Na2O) If the concentration of a Na2CO3 solution needs to be determined a titrimetric method identical to the ones listed for NaOH in this section can be usedNa2CO3 is a medium type of alkali compare to NaoH It use to maintain pH from 8-11
Sodium Hipochloride Sodium Hypochlorite is a greenish-yellow liquid commonly referred to as Bleach The chemical formula for Sodium Hypochlorite is NaOCl Sodium Hypochlorite is prepared by reacting dilute caustic soda solution with liquid or gaseous chlorine accompanied by cooling In hypochlorite bleaching of textiles active chlorine is the species measured for the control of the bleaching process Iodometry is the method used to determine the content of active chlorineSodium Hipochloride is the strongest oxidation agent because it capable to giving oxygen at room temperatureBy using sodium hipochloride bleaching in industry now a days is absolute because of extra process is required for remove chlorine which is costly The process of removing of chlorine called anti chlor treatment This is the main dis advantage of Sodium Hipochloride bleaching
Sulphuric Acid Sulphuric Acid use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently It is on of the strongest acid By use it we can increased pH rapidly But it also have some disadvantage It dissolved cellulose of cotton amp depredate fiber
Page 5 of 19
Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloride acid used in Textile bleaching Bleaching of cotton fabrics Wool scouring (see article)Bleaching of wool Waste water treatment (see article) Measuring dissolved oxygen amp neutralization of alkali
Bleaching Agent Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide and an oxidizer Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid slightly more viscous than water In dilute solution it appears colorless
Hydrogen peroxide Brand name their manufacturer amp structure
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Hydrogen peroxide
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryDioxidane China
Daifu Industries Group Co Limited Daifu China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Bleaching Agent-
Hydrogen peroxideHydrogen peroxide is seen as an environmentally safe alternative to chlorine-based bleaches H2O2 can be use for bleaching cotton silk jute Less water is required for peroxide bleaching For bleaching of colored cotton goods peroxide is better than hypochlorideThere is generally no need for through scouring before peroxide bleaching Peroxide ha excellent storage stability It is involves low risk of chemical damage of cotton The main disadvantage of peroxide bleaching is peroxide lefy on fabric causes uneven dyeing
Salt or Electrolytes Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate) Common Salt (NaCl) Caustic Soda (NaOH)
Salt use in textile industry as a Electrolytes to increase the affinity of dyestuff towards fibre
Salt Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Page 6 of 19
name
Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate)
Shanxi Xihui Technology Co
LtdXiHui China
Common Salt (NaCl) Heze Datong
Chemical Co Ltd DT-HZ China
Caustic Soda(NaOH)
Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-99 Malaysia
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Salt-The textile substrate and dye molecule not necessarily should have of homogeneous characteristics to combine with each other In such case we require some catalyst to facilitate dyeing action on fabric Salt plays this crucial role of catalyst Salt has an extremely high affinity for water Broadly speaking Salt is necessary in three ways firstly to drive dye into textile during the dyeing process in textile Secondly use of salt leads to maximum exhaustion of dye molecules during dyeing process in textiles Thirdly it is used as an electrolyte for migration adsorption and fixation of the dyestuff to the cellulose material Salts plays important role in reactive dyeing by improving the affinity of the dyestuff towards the fibre and acceleration of the dyestuffs association and lowering its solubility Normally Glaubers salt or common salt vacuum salt is used for this purpose The presence of chlorine ion in the common salt may cause corrosion of the equipment Hence Glaubers salt is always preferred over common salt Glaubers salt is a common name for sodium sulfate decahydrate Na2SO410H2O it occurs as white or colorless monoclinic crystals Upon exposure to fairly dry air it effloresces forming powdery anhydrous sodium sulfate Johann Glauberrsquos was the first to produce the salt (from Hungarian spring waters) Glaubers salt is water soluble has a salty bitter taste and is sometimes used in medicine as a mild laxative it is also widely used in dyeing Vacuum salt is the common name of sodium chloride (NaCl)
The salt in the reactive dyeing increases the affinity of the dye towards the Cellulosic substrateSalt increases the exhaustion rate of reactive dyestuffsAs reactive dyestuffs have a lower affinity more inorganic salt is required when using reactive dyestuffs in order to accelerate absorptionWhile the amount of inorganic salt used varies according to the type of dyestuff used recently developed high-fixation dyestuffs with improved affinity allow the amount of inorganic salt to be reduced
Page 7 of 19
Due to considerations of effectiveness and cost both Glaubers salt and common salt (sodium chloride) are used in dyeing In terms of their role as an inorganic salt these two are effectively the same because of the sodium cation active in both
Scouring AgentThis is needed to remove the oil fats etc from the fabric The term lsquoscouringrsquo applies to the removal of impurities such as oils was gums soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth To remove natural as well as added impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possibleTo increase absorbency of textile materialTo leave the fabric in a highly hydrophilic condition without undergoing chemical or physical damage significantly
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Scouring Agent
Zhejiang Transfar CoLtd TF-120C China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wuxi Yicheng chemical COLTD YICHENG China
In the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali ( soda ash and caustic soda) an anionic andor nonionic detergent a wetting agent a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents at high temperatureThe scouring operation was conventionally done in kiermachines and hence the process was called kier boiling but now a days the scouring is done mostly in the dyeing machines itself as a part of combined or single operation such as scouring and bleaching Saponification of fats into water soluble soap and water miscible
Page 8 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
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action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
Calcium chloride
Aluminium Silicate
Sodium phosphate
Basic Chemicals Acetic Acid Oxalic Acid Soda Ash
Sodium Hypo chloride Sulphuric Acid Hydrochloric Acid
Basic Chemicals Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals
name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Acetic Acid Pacific Neptune Sdn Bhd Borofair Malaysia
Oxalic AcidYantai Xintu
International Trading Co Ltd
RLB china
Soda Ash Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-SN Malaysia
Sodium Hipochloride
SUNSHINE CHEMICALS
Sodium Cyanide South Africa
Sulphuric Acid
Xintai copper industrial co LTD in
LaigaJinshan China
Hydrochloric Acid
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryTradeshipgroup China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Basic Chemicals-Acetic Acid As we say that disperse dyes enters in the non crystalline region of the polyester at high temperature than acetic acid has a great role we should have to maintain pH 4-5 for dye fixation Since our inception we have been satisfying our global clients offering acetic acid with molecular formula CH3COOH Acetic acid offered by us is a clear liquid free from suspended matter having pungent odor at temperature above crystallization point
Page 4 of 19
We procure textile acetic acid from reliable sources and are stringently tested at our end for purity quality composition and formulation Widely used in the textile industry these acids are colorless liquid or crystals in appearance Acetic acid is a weak acid It is available at different concentrations Highly concentrated acetic acid at 98 and above is called glacial acetic acid because its freezing point range is between 133 ordmC (98) and 167 ordmC (100) Glacial acetic acid is flammable The concentration of acetic acid can easily be determined using acidndashbase titration with phenolphthalein as an indicator The water used should be free from CO2 prepared by boiling before use
Oxalic Acid Oxalic Acid also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Oxalic acid offered by us is the compound with the chemical formula H2C2O4 This is a dicarboxylic acid and can be well again described with the formula HOOCCOOH It acts as a relatively strong organic acid as it is about 3000 times strong as acetic acid These are used as a mordant in dyeing processes in the Textile industry
Soda Ash Na2CO3 also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is also called soda ash In textile wet processes it is often available in anhydrous form Its purity can be gt 99 Na2CO3 (58 Na2O) If the concentration of a Na2CO3 solution needs to be determined a titrimetric method identical to the ones listed for NaOH in this section can be usedNa2CO3 is a medium type of alkali compare to NaoH It use to maintain pH from 8-11
Sodium Hipochloride Sodium Hypochlorite is a greenish-yellow liquid commonly referred to as Bleach The chemical formula for Sodium Hypochlorite is NaOCl Sodium Hypochlorite is prepared by reacting dilute caustic soda solution with liquid or gaseous chlorine accompanied by cooling In hypochlorite bleaching of textiles active chlorine is the species measured for the control of the bleaching process Iodometry is the method used to determine the content of active chlorineSodium Hipochloride is the strongest oxidation agent because it capable to giving oxygen at room temperatureBy using sodium hipochloride bleaching in industry now a days is absolute because of extra process is required for remove chlorine which is costly The process of removing of chlorine called anti chlor treatment This is the main dis advantage of Sodium Hipochloride bleaching
Sulphuric Acid Sulphuric Acid use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently It is on of the strongest acid By use it we can increased pH rapidly But it also have some disadvantage It dissolved cellulose of cotton amp depredate fiber
Page 5 of 19
Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloride acid used in Textile bleaching Bleaching of cotton fabrics Wool scouring (see article)Bleaching of wool Waste water treatment (see article) Measuring dissolved oxygen amp neutralization of alkali
Bleaching Agent Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide and an oxidizer Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid slightly more viscous than water In dilute solution it appears colorless
Hydrogen peroxide Brand name their manufacturer amp structure
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Hydrogen peroxide
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryDioxidane China
Daifu Industries Group Co Limited Daifu China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Bleaching Agent-
Hydrogen peroxideHydrogen peroxide is seen as an environmentally safe alternative to chlorine-based bleaches H2O2 can be use for bleaching cotton silk jute Less water is required for peroxide bleaching For bleaching of colored cotton goods peroxide is better than hypochlorideThere is generally no need for through scouring before peroxide bleaching Peroxide ha excellent storage stability It is involves low risk of chemical damage of cotton The main disadvantage of peroxide bleaching is peroxide lefy on fabric causes uneven dyeing
Salt or Electrolytes Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate) Common Salt (NaCl) Caustic Soda (NaOH)
Salt use in textile industry as a Electrolytes to increase the affinity of dyestuff towards fibre
Salt Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Page 6 of 19
name
Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate)
Shanxi Xihui Technology Co
LtdXiHui China
Common Salt (NaCl) Heze Datong
Chemical Co Ltd DT-HZ China
Caustic Soda(NaOH)
Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-99 Malaysia
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Salt-The textile substrate and dye molecule not necessarily should have of homogeneous characteristics to combine with each other In such case we require some catalyst to facilitate dyeing action on fabric Salt plays this crucial role of catalyst Salt has an extremely high affinity for water Broadly speaking Salt is necessary in three ways firstly to drive dye into textile during the dyeing process in textile Secondly use of salt leads to maximum exhaustion of dye molecules during dyeing process in textiles Thirdly it is used as an electrolyte for migration adsorption and fixation of the dyestuff to the cellulose material Salts plays important role in reactive dyeing by improving the affinity of the dyestuff towards the fibre and acceleration of the dyestuffs association and lowering its solubility Normally Glaubers salt or common salt vacuum salt is used for this purpose The presence of chlorine ion in the common salt may cause corrosion of the equipment Hence Glaubers salt is always preferred over common salt Glaubers salt is a common name for sodium sulfate decahydrate Na2SO410H2O it occurs as white or colorless monoclinic crystals Upon exposure to fairly dry air it effloresces forming powdery anhydrous sodium sulfate Johann Glauberrsquos was the first to produce the salt (from Hungarian spring waters) Glaubers salt is water soluble has a salty bitter taste and is sometimes used in medicine as a mild laxative it is also widely used in dyeing Vacuum salt is the common name of sodium chloride (NaCl)
The salt in the reactive dyeing increases the affinity of the dye towards the Cellulosic substrateSalt increases the exhaustion rate of reactive dyestuffsAs reactive dyestuffs have a lower affinity more inorganic salt is required when using reactive dyestuffs in order to accelerate absorptionWhile the amount of inorganic salt used varies according to the type of dyestuff used recently developed high-fixation dyestuffs with improved affinity allow the amount of inorganic salt to be reduced
Page 7 of 19
Due to considerations of effectiveness and cost both Glaubers salt and common salt (sodium chloride) are used in dyeing In terms of their role as an inorganic salt these two are effectively the same because of the sodium cation active in both
Scouring AgentThis is needed to remove the oil fats etc from the fabric The term lsquoscouringrsquo applies to the removal of impurities such as oils was gums soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth To remove natural as well as added impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possibleTo increase absorbency of textile materialTo leave the fabric in a highly hydrophilic condition without undergoing chemical or physical damage significantly
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Scouring Agent
Zhejiang Transfar CoLtd TF-120C China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wuxi Yicheng chemical COLTD YICHENG China
In the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali ( soda ash and caustic soda) an anionic andor nonionic detergent a wetting agent a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents at high temperatureThe scouring operation was conventionally done in kiermachines and hence the process was called kier boiling but now a days the scouring is done mostly in the dyeing machines itself as a part of combined or single operation such as scouring and bleaching Saponification of fats into water soluble soap and water miscible
Page 8 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
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Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
We procure textile acetic acid from reliable sources and are stringently tested at our end for purity quality composition and formulation Widely used in the textile industry these acids are colorless liquid or crystals in appearance Acetic acid is a weak acid It is available at different concentrations Highly concentrated acetic acid at 98 and above is called glacial acetic acid because its freezing point range is between 133 ordmC (98) and 167 ordmC (100) Glacial acetic acid is flammable The concentration of acetic acid can easily be determined using acidndashbase titration with phenolphthalein as an indicator The water used should be free from CO2 prepared by boiling before use
Oxalic Acid Oxalic Acid also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Oxalic acid offered by us is the compound with the chemical formula H2C2O4 This is a dicarboxylic acid and can be well again described with the formula HOOCCOOH It acts as a relatively strong organic acid as it is about 3000 times strong as acetic acid These are used as a mordant in dyeing processes in the Textile industry
Soda Ash Na2CO3 also use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) is also called soda ash In textile wet processes it is often available in anhydrous form Its purity can be gt 99 Na2CO3 (58 Na2O) If the concentration of a Na2CO3 solution needs to be determined a titrimetric method identical to the ones listed for NaOH in this section can be usedNa2CO3 is a medium type of alkali compare to NaoH It use to maintain pH from 8-11
Sodium Hipochloride Sodium Hypochlorite is a greenish-yellow liquid commonly referred to as Bleach The chemical formula for Sodium Hypochlorite is NaOCl Sodium Hypochlorite is prepared by reacting dilute caustic soda solution with liquid or gaseous chlorine accompanied by cooling In hypochlorite bleaching of textiles active chlorine is the species measured for the control of the bleaching process Iodometry is the method used to determine the content of active chlorineSodium Hipochloride is the strongest oxidation agent because it capable to giving oxygen at room temperatureBy using sodium hipochloride bleaching in industry now a days is absolute because of extra process is required for remove chlorine which is costly The process of removing of chlorine called anti chlor treatment This is the main dis advantage of Sodium Hipochloride bleaching
Sulphuric Acid Sulphuric Acid use in textile industry to maintain pH To develop the color or printed fabric amp to fix the dye on the fabric permanently It is on of the strongest acid By use it we can increased pH rapidly But it also have some disadvantage It dissolved cellulose of cotton amp depredate fiber
Page 5 of 19
Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloride acid used in Textile bleaching Bleaching of cotton fabrics Wool scouring (see article)Bleaching of wool Waste water treatment (see article) Measuring dissolved oxygen amp neutralization of alkali
Bleaching Agent Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide and an oxidizer Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid slightly more viscous than water In dilute solution it appears colorless
Hydrogen peroxide Brand name their manufacturer amp structure
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Hydrogen peroxide
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryDioxidane China
Daifu Industries Group Co Limited Daifu China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Bleaching Agent-
Hydrogen peroxideHydrogen peroxide is seen as an environmentally safe alternative to chlorine-based bleaches H2O2 can be use for bleaching cotton silk jute Less water is required for peroxide bleaching For bleaching of colored cotton goods peroxide is better than hypochlorideThere is generally no need for through scouring before peroxide bleaching Peroxide ha excellent storage stability It is involves low risk of chemical damage of cotton The main disadvantage of peroxide bleaching is peroxide lefy on fabric causes uneven dyeing
Salt or Electrolytes Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate) Common Salt (NaCl) Caustic Soda (NaOH)
Salt use in textile industry as a Electrolytes to increase the affinity of dyestuff towards fibre
Salt Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Page 6 of 19
name
Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate)
Shanxi Xihui Technology Co
LtdXiHui China
Common Salt (NaCl) Heze Datong
Chemical Co Ltd DT-HZ China
Caustic Soda(NaOH)
Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-99 Malaysia
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Salt-The textile substrate and dye molecule not necessarily should have of homogeneous characteristics to combine with each other In such case we require some catalyst to facilitate dyeing action on fabric Salt plays this crucial role of catalyst Salt has an extremely high affinity for water Broadly speaking Salt is necessary in three ways firstly to drive dye into textile during the dyeing process in textile Secondly use of salt leads to maximum exhaustion of dye molecules during dyeing process in textiles Thirdly it is used as an electrolyte for migration adsorption and fixation of the dyestuff to the cellulose material Salts plays important role in reactive dyeing by improving the affinity of the dyestuff towards the fibre and acceleration of the dyestuffs association and lowering its solubility Normally Glaubers salt or common salt vacuum salt is used for this purpose The presence of chlorine ion in the common salt may cause corrosion of the equipment Hence Glaubers salt is always preferred over common salt Glaubers salt is a common name for sodium sulfate decahydrate Na2SO410H2O it occurs as white or colorless monoclinic crystals Upon exposure to fairly dry air it effloresces forming powdery anhydrous sodium sulfate Johann Glauberrsquos was the first to produce the salt (from Hungarian spring waters) Glaubers salt is water soluble has a salty bitter taste and is sometimes used in medicine as a mild laxative it is also widely used in dyeing Vacuum salt is the common name of sodium chloride (NaCl)
The salt in the reactive dyeing increases the affinity of the dye towards the Cellulosic substrateSalt increases the exhaustion rate of reactive dyestuffsAs reactive dyestuffs have a lower affinity more inorganic salt is required when using reactive dyestuffs in order to accelerate absorptionWhile the amount of inorganic salt used varies according to the type of dyestuff used recently developed high-fixation dyestuffs with improved affinity allow the amount of inorganic salt to be reduced
Page 7 of 19
Due to considerations of effectiveness and cost both Glaubers salt and common salt (sodium chloride) are used in dyeing In terms of their role as an inorganic salt these two are effectively the same because of the sodium cation active in both
Scouring AgentThis is needed to remove the oil fats etc from the fabric The term lsquoscouringrsquo applies to the removal of impurities such as oils was gums soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth To remove natural as well as added impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possibleTo increase absorbency of textile materialTo leave the fabric in a highly hydrophilic condition without undergoing chemical or physical damage significantly
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Scouring Agent
Zhejiang Transfar CoLtd TF-120C China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wuxi Yicheng chemical COLTD YICHENG China
In the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali ( soda ash and caustic soda) an anionic andor nonionic detergent a wetting agent a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents at high temperatureThe scouring operation was conventionally done in kiermachines and hence the process was called kier boiling but now a days the scouring is done mostly in the dyeing machines itself as a part of combined or single operation such as scouring and bleaching Saponification of fats into water soluble soap and water miscible
Page 8 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
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httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloride acid used in Textile bleaching Bleaching of cotton fabrics Wool scouring (see article)Bleaching of wool Waste water treatment (see article) Measuring dissolved oxygen amp neutralization of alkali
Bleaching Agent Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest peroxide and an oxidizer Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid slightly more viscous than water In dilute solution it appears colorless
Hydrogen peroxide Brand name their manufacturer amp structure
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Hydrogen peroxide
ZhanJiang Chikan Huanan Chemical
IndustryDioxidane China
Daifu Industries Group Co Limited Daifu China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Bleaching Agent-
Hydrogen peroxideHydrogen peroxide is seen as an environmentally safe alternative to chlorine-based bleaches H2O2 can be use for bleaching cotton silk jute Less water is required for peroxide bleaching For bleaching of colored cotton goods peroxide is better than hypochlorideThere is generally no need for through scouring before peroxide bleaching Peroxide ha excellent storage stability It is involves low risk of chemical damage of cotton The main disadvantage of peroxide bleaching is peroxide lefy on fabric causes uneven dyeing
Salt or Electrolytes Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate) Common Salt (NaCl) Caustic Soda (NaOH)
Salt use in textile industry as a Electrolytes to increase the affinity of dyestuff towards fibre
Salt Brand name their manufacturer amp structureChemicals Manufacturer Brand name Origin Structure
Page 6 of 19
name
Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate)
Shanxi Xihui Technology Co
LtdXiHui China
Common Salt (NaCl) Heze Datong
Chemical Co Ltd DT-HZ China
Caustic Soda(NaOH)
Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-99 Malaysia
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Salt-The textile substrate and dye molecule not necessarily should have of homogeneous characteristics to combine with each other In such case we require some catalyst to facilitate dyeing action on fabric Salt plays this crucial role of catalyst Salt has an extremely high affinity for water Broadly speaking Salt is necessary in three ways firstly to drive dye into textile during the dyeing process in textile Secondly use of salt leads to maximum exhaustion of dye molecules during dyeing process in textiles Thirdly it is used as an electrolyte for migration adsorption and fixation of the dyestuff to the cellulose material Salts plays important role in reactive dyeing by improving the affinity of the dyestuff towards the fibre and acceleration of the dyestuffs association and lowering its solubility Normally Glaubers salt or common salt vacuum salt is used for this purpose The presence of chlorine ion in the common salt may cause corrosion of the equipment Hence Glaubers salt is always preferred over common salt Glaubers salt is a common name for sodium sulfate decahydrate Na2SO410H2O it occurs as white or colorless monoclinic crystals Upon exposure to fairly dry air it effloresces forming powdery anhydrous sodium sulfate Johann Glauberrsquos was the first to produce the salt (from Hungarian spring waters) Glaubers salt is water soluble has a salty bitter taste and is sometimes used in medicine as a mild laxative it is also widely used in dyeing Vacuum salt is the common name of sodium chloride (NaCl)
The salt in the reactive dyeing increases the affinity of the dye towards the Cellulosic substrateSalt increases the exhaustion rate of reactive dyestuffsAs reactive dyestuffs have a lower affinity more inorganic salt is required when using reactive dyestuffs in order to accelerate absorptionWhile the amount of inorganic salt used varies according to the type of dyestuff used recently developed high-fixation dyestuffs with improved affinity allow the amount of inorganic salt to be reduced
Page 7 of 19
Due to considerations of effectiveness and cost both Glaubers salt and common salt (sodium chloride) are used in dyeing In terms of their role as an inorganic salt these two are effectively the same because of the sodium cation active in both
Scouring AgentThis is needed to remove the oil fats etc from the fabric The term lsquoscouringrsquo applies to the removal of impurities such as oils was gums soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth To remove natural as well as added impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possibleTo increase absorbency of textile materialTo leave the fabric in a highly hydrophilic condition without undergoing chemical or physical damage significantly
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Scouring Agent
Zhejiang Transfar CoLtd TF-120C China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wuxi Yicheng chemical COLTD YICHENG China
In the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali ( soda ash and caustic soda) an anionic andor nonionic detergent a wetting agent a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents at high temperatureThe scouring operation was conventionally done in kiermachines and hence the process was called kier boiling but now a days the scouring is done mostly in the dyeing machines itself as a part of combined or single operation such as scouring and bleaching Saponification of fats into water soluble soap and water miscible
Page 8 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
name
Glubar salt (Sodium sulfate)
Shanxi Xihui Technology Co
LtdXiHui China
Common Salt (NaCl) Heze Datong
Chemical Co Ltd DT-HZ China
Caustic Soda(NaOH)
Losange Chemicals Sdn Bhd LC-99 Malaysia
Function Uses Advantage amp Dis advantage of Salt-The textile substrate and dye molecule not necessarily should have of homogeneous characteristics to combine with each other In such case we require some catalyst to facilitate dyeing action on fabric Salt plays this crucial role of catalyst Salt has an extremely high affinity for water Broadly speaking Salt is necessary in three ways firstly to drive dye into textile during the dyeing process in textile Secondly use of salt leads to maximum exhaustion of dye molecules during dyeing process in textiles Thirdly it is used as an electrolyte for migration adsorption and fixation of the dyestuff to the cellulose material Salts plays important role in reactive dyeing by improving the affinity of the dyestuff towards the fibre and acceleration of the dyestuffs association and lowering its solubility Normally Glaubers salt or common salt vacuum salt is used for this purpose The presence of chlorine ion in the common salt may cause corrosion of the equipment Hence Glaubers salt is always preferred over common salt Glaubers salt is a common name for sodium sulfate decahydrate Na2SO410H2O it occurs as white or colorless monoclinic crystals Upon exposure to fairly dry air it effloresces forming powdery anhydrous sodium sulfate Johann Glauberrsquos was the first to produce the salt (from Hungarian spring waters) Glaubers salt is water soluble has a salty bitter taste and is sometimes used in medicine as a mild laxative it is also widely used in dyeing Vacuum salt is the common name of sodium chloride (NaCl)
The salt in the reactive dyeing increases the affinity of the dye towards the Cellulosic substrateSalt increases the exhaustion rate of reactive dyestuffsAs reactive dyestuffs have a lower affinity more inorganic salt is required when using reactive dyestuffs in order to accelerate absorptionWhile the amount of inorganic salt used varies according to the type of dyestuff used recently developed high-fixation dyestuffs with improved affinity allow the amount of inorganic salt to be reduced
Page 7 of 19
Due to considerations of effectiveness and cost both Glaubers salt and common salt (sodium chloride) are used in dyeing In terms of their role as an inorganic salt these two are effectively the same because of the sodium cation active in both
Scouring AgentThis is needed to remove the oil fats etc from the fabric The term lsquoscouringrsquo applies to the removal of impurities such as oils was gums soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth To remove natural as well as added impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possibleTo increase absorbency of textile materialTo leave the fabric in a highly hydrophilic condition without undergoing chemical or physical damage significantly
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Scouring Agent
Zhejiang Transfar CoLtd TF-120C China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wuxi Yicheng chemical COLTD YICHENG China
In the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali ( soda ash and caustic soda) an anionic andor nonionic detergent a wetting agent a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents at high temperatureThe scouring operation was conventionally done in kiermachines and hence the process was called kier boiling but now a days the scouring is done mostly in the dyeing machines itself as a part of combined or single operation such as scouring and bleaching Saponification of fats into water soluble soap and water miscible
Page 8 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
Due to considerations of effectiveness and cost both Glaubers salt and common salt (sodium chloride) are used in dyeing In terms of their role as an inorganic salt these two are effectively the same because of the sodium cation active in both
Scouring AgentThis is needed to remove the oil fats etc from the fabric The term lsquoscouringrsquo applies to the removal of impurities such as oils was gums soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth To remove natural as well as added impurities of essentially hydrophobic character as completely as possibleTo increase absorbency of textile materialTo leave the fabric in a highly hydrophilic condition without undergoing chemical or physical damage significantly
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Scouring Agent
Zhejiang Transfar CoLtd TF-120C China
Karry Industry Co Ltd KR China
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wuxi Yicheng chemical COLTD YICHENG China
In the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali ( soda ash and caustic soda) an anionic andor nonionic detergent a wetting agent a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents at high temperatureThe scouring operation was conventionally done in kiermachines and hence the process was called kier boiling but now a days the scouring is done mostly in the dyeing machines itself as a part of combined or single operation such as scouring and bleaching Saponification of fats into water soluble soap and water miscible
Page 8 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
glycerin under alkaline conditions Hydrolysis of proteins into water soluble degradation products Dissolution of amino compounds Solubilising of pectose and pectins by converting into soluble salts Dissolution and extraction of mineral matter Emulsification and solubilisation of natural oils and waxes Removal and dispersion of dirt particles and kitty by the action of alkali and detergent The material after scouring is more absorbent free from natural impurities and coloring matterThis treatment can be carried out on filaments yarns and fabrics
Anti foaming agentUsed to prevent formation of foam during stirring or during dyeing in one bath Where the present and persistence of foam is a nuisance defoaming agents or antifoams are used For maximum efficiency deform should be added to baths when necessary There two groups of defoamers one that is water-soluble surfactants and other is water insoluble emulsions of silicones of organic-based the most effective defoamers are where the water-soluble compounds are used as vehicles for silicones of organic emulsions
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti foaming agent
Hefei XWC Environmental
Protection TechnolXWC China
Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Co Ltd AURORA China
Anti creasing AgentAnti-creasing Agent for cotton polyester nylon in dyeing bath with strong anti-foaming effect softening and lubricant effectIt is used in dyeing processProperties1 With restrain foam effect decrease foam appear in the dye bath2 Universal low-foaming deying fluffy soften crease-resistance agent3 Perfect alkali and salt resistance as cotton soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing4 Perfect acid resistance as nyloon soften anti-wrinkle agent when dyeing5 Dipersing and levelling property fluffy crease-resistance agent for terylene when dyeingWet processing and dye-bath lubricants are used in any operation in which rope marks creases crows feet buffing abrasion can occur on textiles In low liquor ratios full-loaded winches and jets when heavy materials re processed fiber lubricant is essential The basic requirement is that is it should from a thin uniform protective coating around the fiber to lower the surface friction and flexural rigidity thus minimizing the formation of durable creases during high temperature processing The most suitable lubricant should have the properties so that it helps to emulsify it
Page 9 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
does not undergo phase separation with extreme changes in pH and temperature eg it is stable in high temperature and over a wide range of pH and it should have excellent compatibility with all the chemicals in treatment bath Suitable products are relatively hydrophobic surfactants many of which also contain a proportion of solubilized or emulsified oil or wax
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti creasing Agent
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Chengdu Silike Technology Co ltd SILIKE China
Sequestrant
Sequestering agents or Chelating agents remove a metal ion from a solution system by forming a complex ion that does not have the chemical reactions of the ion that is removed Sequestering agents or Chelating agents are used to eliminate water hardness and heavy metals such as iron and copper which can affect the scouring process These agents bind polyvalent cations such as calcium and magnesium in water and in fibres thus preventing the precipitation of soaps If polyvalent ions are present insoluble soaps may form settle on the fabric and produce resist spots There are four major types of sequestering agents to choose from inorganic polyphosphates aminocarboxylic acids organophosphonic acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids The inorganic polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate are probably the best overall in that in addition to sequestering most metals they also aid in cleansing the fibres They may however hydrolyze at high temperature and loose their effectiveness The aminocarboxylic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are very good in that they sequester most metal ions and are very stable under alkaline conditions They are the most used types The organophosphonic acid types such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylene phosphonic acid) are also very effective but comparatively expensive Oxalates and hydroxycarboxylic acids (citrates etc) are excellent for sequestering iron but not effective for calcium and magnesium In order to quickly and effectively bring the chemicals to the textile material ie to improve their wettability and to ensure that the fibrous impurities will be removed as far as possible it is necessary to add surfactants with good wetting and washingemulsifying properties A surfactant of optimal versatility to be used for preparation and in particular for the scouring and bleaching processes ought to meet the following requirements
Page 10 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
Uses of Sequestering Agents
The three main stages in which sequestering agents are used are
1Pretreatment 2Bleaching 3Dyeing
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Sequestrant
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS LTD
Glorysail Logistics China
StarFly Logistics Co Ltd CLR China
Dispersing Agent
Unleveled dyeing problems can be of two categories Gross unlevelness hroughout the material or localized unlevelness eg barriness skitteriness There are two fundamental mechanisms that can contribute to a dyeing
1 Control of the exhaustion dye so that it is taken up evenly 2 Migration of dye after initially unleveled absorption on the fibre 3 Non-ionic agent usually from water soluble complexes with the dye some degree of
solubilization being involved 4 Ionic agent are primarily dye-of fibre-substantive in the former case they tend to form
complexes with the dye and there is competition between the leveling agent and the fibre for the dye while in the latter case the competition is between the leveling agent and the dye for the fibre
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dispersing Agent
D K CORPORATION DIKO-LVDISP India
Anyang Double Circle Auxiliary Co LTD LRCM China
Dye Fixing Agent
Properties of a good fixing agent includes good capability with cross linking agents without promoting yellowing effect good leveling and migration properties does not affect the shade
Page 11 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
has good affinity for the fiber stable to steaming and dry heat and improved all round fastness properties of the fabric or yarn Fixative is generally used after completing the dyeing or in printing paste
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Dye Fixing Agent
zhangjiagang cpolymer chemical co ltd cpolymer China
Kunshan Bigenuotai Chemical Mate
Snoor Chemicals China
Peroxide Killer
After bleaching the cellulosic fiber with hydrogen peroxide the fiber is subjected a thorough hot wash cold wash and neutralization processes These operations would remove all superficially available chemicals that were used in bleaching process
However in practice it is found that the core alkali ie the alkali due to the use of caustic soda or soda ash and hydrogen peroxide wetting agents and other auxiliaries would remain in the core of the fiber processed even after 2 or 3 washes These residual chemicals like alkalis and peroxide are detrimental to the production of uniform flawless fabric production
The core residual alkali would lead to immature hydrolisation of the reactive dyes and results in streaky and uneven dyeing
The residual peroxide present in the fiber will oxidize the reactive dyes chromophore that contain the metal ions and lead to tonal variation and sometimes uneven dyeing In some cases the chrmophore itself is getting destroyed into a colorless product and lead to pale or white patchy dyeing Hence the removal residual alkali and peroxide are very much essential before starting a good dyeing operation So any chemical that kills the residual peroxide in the fiber is called a peroxide killer All reducing agents are in fact peroxide killers Again we should note that excess presence of reducing agent in the fiber also lead to destruction of dyestuff molecule Hence a careful selection of a peroxide killer is very much essential Now in the market there are many enzymatic peroxide killers available that will remove the residual peroxide and die-off during subsequent dyeing operations at higher temperatures
Page 12 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Peroxide Killer
Sichuan Habio Bioengineering Co Ltd Habio China
Ningbo City Haichuang Electronic Haichuang China
Enzyme
Enzymes are present in living organism and are themselves not living organism Structurally they resemble protein of varying complexity based on chain of amino acid linked by peptide linkage Each enzymes is different from other enzyme and the dept is due to-
Particular amino acid present The order in which amino acid are linked The presence of absence of metal ion The conformation of structure as a whole
Classification of Enzyme For Textiles
Enzymes for textiles use can be classified as follows-
1 Amylases
2 Lipases
3 Pectinase
4 Cellulas
A short description of above enzymes are given below
Amylases It convert amylose or amylopectin polymeric commonly referred to as starch into water soluble shorter chain sugars It is isolated from bacteria fungi pancreases and malt
Lipases Cotton waxes consists of various hydrocarbons fatty alcohol and acids and their respective esters These fats and waxes are the major reason for the hydrophobic nature of unscoured cotton fiber Lipases hydrolyses fat and oils into alcohol amp organic acid
Pectinase Pectinic compound as found in raw cotton mainly consist of neutral and acidic heteropolysaccharides with different molecular weight and degrees of esterification Pectinases
Page 13 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
capable of hydrolyzing pectinic substances are generally enzyme complexes containing esterases and depolymerases with random or terminal activities
Cellulase Cellulases enhance the effect of pectinase to a certain extent and add softness to the cotton fabric They often accompany pectinases in small amount If used for scouring cellulases hydrolyze cotton cellulose lifting off non cellulosic impurities in the course of reaction
Advantages of Enzyme in Textile Wet Processing
Because of the properties of enzymes they make the textile manufacturing process much more environmentally Generally they
Operate under milder conditions (temperature and pH) than conventional process chemicals ndash this results in lower energy costs ( up to 120 kg CO2 savings per ton of textile produced) (4)
Save water ndash reduction of water usage up to 19000 liters per ton of textiles bleached Are an alternative for toxic chemicals making waste water easier and cheaper to treat Are easy to control do not attack the fiber structure with resulting loss of weight
resulting in better quality of material Better and more uniform affinity for dyes Contribute to safer working conditions through elimination of chemical treatments during
production processes Are fully biodegradable
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzyme
Yueyang Huawen Industrial Products
CoLtdHuawen China
Microfiber biochem limited A5 China
Binders
These are used to bind the pigment or dyes onto the fabric It is clear from the results that the color strength of printed cotton fabric depends on binders type and concentration as well as the fixation temperature It can be seen that for almost type of binders color strength of printed cotton fabric is higher at low concentration and this is true irrespective of the fixation temperature This may be due to the probability of self polymerization at higher concentration It is also clear that KS of the fabric printed using pastes including the synthesized binders are higher than the color strength of fabric printed with pastes including the commercial binder this hold is true at only low temperatures From figure 8 it is clear that the synthesized binders give
Page 14 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
acceptable results for color strength values at low fixation temperature This may be attributed to the presence of functional groups (double bond hydroxyl groups) which are able to increase the crosslinking density We can conclude that binders 1 3 and 6 have the best results for color strength at low fixation temperature and low binder concentration
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
BinderBayer Acramin Germany
BASF Helizarine Germany
Stiffeners
This is used to provide stiff finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Stiffeners
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co ltd haoda China
Shanghai Juanrui Chemical Co LTD Cial2 China
Softeners
These are used to provide soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Softeners
Purity water amp Envir Equipment LLC SN2 China
Hangzhou Huiji Biotechnology CO
LtdWGA China
Silicone Emulsion
Page 15 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
This is used to provide silky and soft finish effect to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Silicone Emulsion
SACHIN SPECIALITY CHEMICALS PVT
LTD
Water Proofing Silicone
EmulsionsIndia
Zhejiang Transfar Co Ltd Transfar China
Wax Finishing Agent
This is used to provide waxy finish to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Wax Finishing Agent
shijiazhuang haoda chemical co haoda China
Hangzhou Ruijiang chemical COLTD DEROU China
Anti Static Agent
This is used to reduce the static power of the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti Static Agent
Tianjin Giant Group Internationa Giant Group China
Xinxiang Xinte Textile Indusry EN533 China
Water Repellant amp Soil Resisting Agent
This is used to provide water repellency and dust repellency to the fabric
Page 16 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Water Repellant amp
Soil Resisting Agent
KDS TechnologyKDS Soil Treatment
AgentMalaysia
Welsum Technology Corporation Welsum Taiwan
Polyurethane Finishing Agent
This is used to provide bouncy feel to the fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Polyurethane Finishing
Agent
Romana QuAtildemica EVA Brazil
Dongguan Sanchuan Textile Auxili DEROU China
Delustering Agent
This is used to remove the luster from the viscose fabric
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Delustering Agent
Hangzhou Right Chemical CO Ltd Rimatt China
GLORY SAIL INTERNATIONAL
LOGISTI
Glorysail Logistics China
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip Agents
Page 17 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
These are used to remove the hairing and pilling problems from the fabric and also provide anti-slip effect
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Anti-pilling amp Anti-Slip
Agents
Zhejiang Warm Center Textiles Co YNS China
Nanjing Xinxu Industry amp Tra XINXUCHEM China
Chemicals name Manufacturer Brand name Origin
Enzymatic Bio-polishing
Agent
Guangzhou Derou Chemical Industry Co
LtdDEROU China
AUK Chemicals Inc BIOSOFT GML Bangladesh
fileCUserssumonDownloadsChemicals20for20Fabric20Dyeing 202020Different20Chemicals20Used20for20Fabric20Dyeing20-20Textile20Learnerhtml
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201112functions-of-dyeing-auxiliarieshtml fileCUserssumonDownloadsList20Of20Basic20Chemicals20Used20for
20Knit20Dyeing202020Chemicals20And20Auxiliaries202020Textile20Fashion20Study202020Textile20Fashion20Studyhtml
httptextilefashionstudycomcategorydyes-and-chemicals httpwwwtradekeycomindexhtml
action=specialproducts_listampfilter=2ampview=2ampterm=Enzymatic+Bio-polishing+Agentview930249[ajax]0
httptextilelearnerblogspotcom201207enzyme-classification-of-enzyme- inhtmluds-search-results
httpenwikipediaorgwikiEnglish_Wikipedia
Page 18 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19
httpwwwthefreedictionarycomscouring httpwwwalibabacomcountrysearchBDtextile-chemicals-supplierhtml httpwwwbdtradeinfocomyellowpagesdes_dataphpsubcategory_id=222 httpwwwfineotexcom httpwwwtexchemcouk
Page 19 of 19