Planet earth needs our attention

with its many systems of systemswith its many systems of systems

Governmental systemsGovernmental systems

Social systems

Biological systemsBiological systems

Infrastructural systemsInfrastructural systems

Networked systems

with potential .....

https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org

goal 11: making cities inclusive, safe, resilient, sustainable

in today’s networked society that means

role for participationrole for ICT

participatory systemsSocial : soc ial , economical , po l i t ical and cul tural

dynamics

Distributed ICT: techno log ies that enable large

scale d istributed sel f-­o rganizing processes,

info rmation exchange, aggregation and c lustering.

Infrastructure: physical components/networks

o f a system.

SocialDistributed ICT

Physical Infrastructure

For example smart energy systems

....... social-­technical systems

that rely strongly on communication

Whereas in traditional energy marketsEnergy flows in one direct ion -­from a few large producers tomany small consumers (andindustries).

The situation is changing

Distributed (green) generation wind turbines, solar panels, etc.

Consumers are becomingproducers.

Role power companies is changing;;

Ability for consumers to sellpower to each other.

Each entity is autonomous andcan be represented by a software agent;;

Agents can operate semi-­autonomously to negotiateagreements to buy and sellenergy.

More agents, more communication.

A large scale distributed system

together with many other large scale distributed systems

Each with their own autonomy

systems can negotiate with eachother.

...... and change theirconfiguration

Socialhuman behaviourcommunitiesgovernanceself organisationDistributed ICT communicationnegotiationclusteringself management

Physical infrastructurehomes, wind turbines power lines, solar panels,data centres

Participation

Our energy system can become a participative social-­technical system !

Urban designUrban design

The first smart grid city in the US: Boulder, ColoradoThe first smart grid city in the US: Boulder, Colorado

Boulder

• Boulder has a very highly educated population• Environmental concern high on their agenda• National Renewable Energy Labs (NREL) leadership• “Boulder is just one big technology magnet when it comes to anything to do with alternative energy, conservation and end use efficiency (Mauldin)”

Well-­regulated socio-­techno eco systemWell-­regulated socio-­techno eco system

The level of autonomyThe level of autonomy

is the city.is the city.

With local engagement

• New rules of engagement

• New forms of communication

• New social structures

• New ways to take responsibility

Enabled by technology

and challenges at many levels

Social networks – social structures, institutions, ..

horizontal governance

polycentricity

distributed markets

regulatory frameworks

awareness

presence design

Merging realities

social cohesion

quality of living

communities

Social networks and structures

The focus of social networks and coordinationUnderstanding human participation in social technical systems in merging realities:

presence, social structures, governance, communities, self-­organisation, risks, incentives, ….

Design principles (Ostrom) for local natural resource management

Clearly defined boundariesRules appropriate for provisioning in local contextCollective choice decision makingEffective monitoringGraduated sanctionsMechanisms for conflict resolutionsSelf-­determination of communityMultiple layers of nested enterprises

Systems Engineering,

A few of the challenges related to inclusion, safety, resilience and sustainability

monitoring vs privacy, ownershipintrusion detection, privacy preserving measures, trust mechanisms

informedness: information acquisition, aggregation and provisioning

emergent behaviour

formal and informal regulations -­ national/EU/W certification, quality

http://www.flickr.com/photos/mshandro/35000426/lightbox/

Social networks and coordination CART – Civil ian Alert Real Time (National Police, the Hague City, TNO, CGI) – safety and quality of l ife

SamenMarkt: Restoring stabil ity in fresh food markets using multi-­agent system technology (Wageningen, growers, traders, ….)

NGI New Governance Models for Next Generation Infrastructures (All iander, Thales)

Cities as drivers of social change (CIVIS, EU)

Distributed ICT networks and coordination

Distributed ICT networks – self-­healing, overlays, ..

dynamic clustering

Dynamic reconfiguration

Load balancing

SLA negotiation

Virtual power stations

Distributed accounting

dynamic aggregation

distributed monitoring IoT protocols

Enabled by ... technologye.g. autonomous adaptive networked systems

p2p systems, embedded systems,autonomic computing systems,agents – multi-­agent systems,

The focus of participation at the level of distributed ICT

distributed communication overlays/communities, load balancingdistributed aggregation, distributed SLA negotiation, distributed monitoring, distributed clustering

Robustness, Resilience, Ability to Adapt, Security,Cascading effects

challenges for inclusion, safety, resilience and sustainability

Integrity -­ (Local) aggregation and dissemination of information

Accountability -­ distributed SLA negotiation, distributed monitoring, identity mgt

Containment – resilience -­ avoiding cascading effects

Reliabilty – self organisation, self management

Scalability – millions of devices

Distributed ICT networks and coordination

SES NWO: Increasing the Robustness of Smart Grids through distributed energy generation: a complex network approach (Brazier, Kooij, Warnier, Smit)

NWO STASCADE: Stable and scalable decentralized power balancing systems using adaptive clustering (Brazier, la Poutre, Warnier)

NWO-­India ADREM : Adaptive clustering for Decentralized Resilient Energy Management (Brazier, la Poutre, Warnier)

NGI Self-­Managed Dynamic Inst itut ions in Power Grids: Sharing the cost of reliability ( Tennet, Alliander, Kema, Thales)

At all 3 levels

Physical networks -­ power lines, resources, ….

Electric vehiclesDC micro grids

Self-­healing distribution networks

Physical chain Topology optimization

Intelligent control

greenhouses

production

transportation

street

Focus of physical networks and coordination

Health of the physical network, design of robust topologies, resources and storage, data centre managementPhysical supply chain operation – freight

challenges

Scalability

Robustness

Resilience

Maintainability

QoS, timeliness ……

PARTICIPATIONFOR SUSTAINABILITYENABLE BY ICT

Thank you for your attention