icj kosovo 2010.pdf

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Paragraphs

Chronology of the procedure 1–16

I. Jurisdiction and discretion 17–48

A. Jurisdiction 18–28

B. Discretion 29–48

II. Scope and meaning of the question 49–56

III. Factual background 57–77

A. Security Council resolution 1244 (1999) and the relevant

UNMIK regulations 58–63

B. The relevant events in the final status process prior to17 February 2008 64–73

C. The events of 17 February 2008 and thereafter 74–77

IV. The question whether the declaration of independence is in

accordance with international law 78–121

A. General international law 79–84

B. Security Council resolution 1244 (1999) and the UNMIK

Constitutional Framework created thereunder 85–121

1. Interpretation of Security Council resolution 1244 (1999) 94–100

2. The question whether the declaration of independence is inaccordance with Security Council resolution 1244 (1999)

and the measures adopted thereunder 101–121

(a) The identity of the authors of the declaration of

independence 102–109

(b) The question whether the authors of the declaration of

independence acted in violation of Security Council

resolution 1244 (1999) or the measures adopted

thereunder 110–121

V. General conclusion 122

Operative Clause 123

___________



INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

YEAR 2010

2010

22 July

General List

No. 141

22 July 2010

ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW OF THE UNILATERAL

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE IN RESPECT OF KOSOVO

Jurisdiction of the Court to give the advisory opinion requested.

Article 65, paragraph 1, of the Statute Article 96, paragraph 1, of the Charter Power

of General Assembly to request advisory opinions Articles 10 and 11 of the Charter

Contention that General Assembly acted outside its powers under the Charter Article 12,

paragraph 1, of the Charter Authorization to request an advisory opinion not limited by

Article 12.

Requirement that the question on which the Court is requested to give its opinion is a “legal

question” Contention that the act of making a declaration of independence is governed by

domestic constitutional law The Court can respond to the question by reference to international

law without the need to address domestic law The fact that a question has political aspects does

not deprive it of its character as a legal question The Court is not concerned with the political

motives behind a request or the political implications which its opinion may have.

The Court has jurisdiction to give advisory opinion requested.

" "

Discretion of the Court to decide whether it should give an opinion.

Integrity of the Court’s judicial function Only “compelling reasons” should lead the

Court to decline to exercise its judicial function The motives of individual States which sponsor



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a resolution requesting an advisory opinion are not relevant to the Court’s exercise of its

discretion Requesting organ to assess purpose, usefulness and political consequences of

opinion.

Delimitation of the respective powers of the Security Council and the General Assembly

Nature of the Security Council’s involvement in relation to Kosovo Article 12 of the Charter

does not bar action by the General Assembly in respect of threats to international peace and

security which are before the Security Council General Assembly has taken action with regard

to the situation in Kosovo.

No compelling reasons for Court to use its discretion not to give an advisory opinion.

" "

Scope and meaning of the question.

Text of the question in General Assembly resolution 63/3 Power of the Court to clarify the

question No need to reformulate the question posed by the General Assembly For the proper

exercise of its judicial function, the Court must establish the identity of the authors of the

declaration of independence No intention by the General Assembly to restrict the Court’s

freedom to determine that issue The Court’s task is to determine whether or not the declaration

was adopted in violation of international law.

" "

Factual background.

Framework for interim administration of Kosovo put in place by the Security Council

Security Council resolution 1244 (1999) Establishment of the United Nations Interim

Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) Role of Special Representative of the

Secretary-General “Four pillars” of the UNMIK régime Constitutional Framework for

Provisional Self-Government Relations between the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government

and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General.

Relevant events in the final status process Appointment by Secretary-General of Special

Envoy for the future status process for Kosovo

Guiding Principles of the Contact Group

Failure of consultative process Comprehensive Proposal for the Kosovo Status Settlement by

Special Envoy Failure of negotiations on the future status of Kosovo under the auspices of the

Troika Elections held for the Assembly of Kosovo on 17 November 2007 Adoption of the

declaration of independence on 17 February 2008.

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X]A 'B U$ fOBE U^^^0 CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM PIEQEBCEJ CH CDE 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM cF PIEMLSLBFIWHPEIFCLHBFM GHBGEPC NHI CDE HREIFMM HI_FBLkFCLHB HN CDE GLRLM PIEQEBGE0 KDLGD KLMM TE aBHKB FQ CDE7BLCEJ 4FCLHBQ 9BCEILS )JSLBLQCIFCLHB -LQQLHB LB .HQHRH Z74-9.[j0 POIQOFBC CH PFIF_IFPD U] HNIEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[0 FGGHIJLB_ CH KDLGD 74-9. KHOMJ TE DEFJEJ TW F 3PEGLFM /EPIEQEBCFCLREHN CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM0 CH TE FPPHLBCEJ TW CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM LB GHBQOMCFCLHB KLCD CDE3EGOILCW =HOBGLM Z/EPHIC HN CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM HN U$ fOBE U^^^ Z7BLCEJ 4FCLHBQJHGA 3YU^^^YXd$0 U$ fOBE U^^^[[A ,DE /EPHIC HN CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM PIHRLJEJ CDFC CDEIE KHOMJ

TE NHOI *EPOCW 3PEGLFM /EPIEQEBCFCLREQ KHIaLB_ KLCDLB 74-9.0 EFGD IEQPHBQLTME NHI HBE HN NHOISFlHI GHSPHBEBCQ ZCDE QH#GFMMEJ cNHOI PLMMFIQj[ HN CDE 74-9. Ir_LSE ZPFIFA `[b (a) LBCEILS GLRLMFJSLBLQCIFCLHB ZKLCD F MEFJ IHME FQQL_BEJ CH CDE 7BLCEJ 4FCLHBQ[+ (b) DOSFBLCFILFB FNNFLIQ ZKLCD FMEFJ IHME FQQL_BEJ CH CDE 'NNLGE HN CDE 7BLCEJ 4FCLHBQ 2L_D =HSSLQQLHBEI NHI /ENO_EEQZ742=/[[+ (c) LBQCLCOCLHB TOLMJLB_ ZKLCD F MEFJ IHME FQQL_BEJ CH CDE 'I_FBLkFCLHB NHI 3EGOILCW FBJ=H#HPEIFCLHB LB 5OIHPE Z'3=5[[+ FBJ (d) IEGHBQCIOGCLHB ZKLCD F MEFJ IHME FQQL_BEJ CH CDE 5OIHPEFB7BLHB[A

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X$A ,DE PHKEIQ FBJ IEQPHBQLTLMLCLEQ CDOQ MFLJ HOC LB 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[

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# $& #

cwCxDE EeEIGLQE HN CDE IEQPHBQLTLMLCLEQ HN CDE :IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HN3EMN#8HREIBSEBC OBJEI CDLQ =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIa QDFMM BHC FNNEGC HI JLSLBLQD CDEFOCDHILCW HN CDE 3/38 CH EBQOIE NOMM LSPMESEBCFCLHB HN 743=/ U$&& ZU^^^[0LBGMOJLB_ HREIQEELB_ CDE :IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HN 3EMN#8HREIBSEBC0 LCQ HNNLGLFMQ FBJLCQ F_EBGLEQ0 FBJ CFaLB_ FPPIHPILFCE SEFQOIEQ KDEBEREI CDELI FGCLHBQ FIE LBGHBQLQCEBCKLCD 743=/ U$&& ZU^^^[ HI CDLQ =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIajA

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PIEFSTOMFI PFIF_IFPD HN CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIa0 cCDE EeEIGLQE HN CDE IEQPHBQLTLMLCLEQ HN CDE:IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HN 3EMN#8HREIBSEBC LB .HQHRH QDFMM BHC LB FBW KFW FNNEGC HI JLSLBLQD CDEOMCLSFCE FOCDHILCW HN CDE 3/38 NHI CDE LSPMESEBCFCLHB HN 743=/ U$&& ZU^^^[jA 9B DLQ PEILHJLGFMIEPHIC CH CDE 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM HN d fOBE $]]U0 CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM QCFCEJ CDFC CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM@IFSEKHIa GHBCFLBEJ

cTIHFJ FOCDHILCW NHI SW 3PEGLFM /EPIEQEBCFCLRE CH LBCEIREBE FBJ GHIIEGC FBW FGCLHBQ HNCDE PIHRLQLHBFM LBQCLCOCLHBQ HN QEMN#_HREIBSEBC CDFC FIE LBGHBQLQCEBC KLCD 3EGOILCW=HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[0 LBGMOJLB_ CDE PHKEI CH RECH )QQESTMW ME_LQMFCLHB0KDEIE BEGEQQFIWj Z/EPHIC HN CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM HB CDE 7BLCEJ 4FCLHBQ 9BCEILS)JSLBLQCIFCLHB -LQQLHB LB .HQHRH0 3Y$]]UY`X`0 d fOBE $]]U[A

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B. The relevant events in the final status process prior to

17 February 2008

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# $\ #

C. The events of 17 February 2008 and thereafter

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IV. THE QUESTION WHETHER THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

IS IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW

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A. General international law

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B. Security Council resolution 1244 (1999) and the UNMIK

Constitutional Framework created thereunder

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PIEQEBGE KLMM LBGMOJE A A A wHxI_FBLkLB_ FBJ HREIQEELB_ CDE JEREMHPSEBC HN PIHRLQLHBFM LBQCLCOCLHBQNHI JESHGIFCLG FBJ FOCHBHSHOQ QEMN#_HREIBSEBC PEBJLB_ F PHMLCLGFM QECCMESEBC0 LBGMOJLB_ CDEDHMJLB_ HN EMEGCLHBQj ZPFIF_IFPD UU (c)[A 3LSLMFIMW0 FQ JEQGILTEJ FTHRE ZQEE PFIF_IFPD X$[0 OBJEICDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIa0 CDE :IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HN 3EMN#8HREIBSEBC KEIE CH NOBGCLHB LB

GHBlOBGCLHB KLCD FBJ QOTlEGC CH CDE JLIEGCLHB HN CDE 3PEGLFM /EPIEQEBCFCLRE HN CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFMLB CDE LSPMESEBCFCLHB HN 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[A

^UA ,DE =HOIC BHCEQ CDFC 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ FBJ CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM@IFSEKHIa KEIE QCLMM LB NHIGE FBJ FPPMLGFTME FQ FC Ud @ETIOFIW $]]\A :FIF_IFPD U^ HN 3EGOILCW=HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ EePIEQQMW PIHRLJEQ CDFC cCDE LBCEIBFCLHBFM GLRLM FBJ QEGOILCW

PIEQEBGEQ FIE EQCFTMLQDEJ NHI FB LBLCLFM PEILHJ HN U$ SHBCDQ0 CH GHBCLBOE CDEIEFNCEI OBMEQQ CDE3EGOILCW =HOBGLM JEGLJEQ HCDEIKLQEjA 4H JEGLQLHB FSEBJLB_ IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ KFQ CFaEB TW



# %& #

CDE 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM FC LCQ SEECLB_ DEMJ HB U\ @ETIOFIW $]]\0 KDEB CDE JEGMFIFCLHB HNLBJEPEBJEBGE KFQ JLQGOQQEJ NHI CDE NLIQC CLSE0 HI FC FBW QOTQEVOEBC SEECLB_A ,DE :IEQLJEBCLFM3CFCESEBC HN $X 4HRESTEI $]]\ Z3Y:/3,Y$]]\Y&&[ SEIEMW cKEMGHSwEJx CDE GHHPEIFCLHB TECKEEBCDE 74 FBJ HCDEI LBCEIBFCLHBFM FGCHIQ0 within CDE NIFSEKHIa HN 3EGOILCW =HOBGLMIEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[j ZESPDFQLQ FJJEJ[A 9B FJJLCLHB0 POIQOFBC CH PFIF_IFPD $U HN 3EGOILCW=HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[0 CDE 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM JEGLJEJ cCH IESFLB FGCLREMW QELkEJ HN CDESFCCEIj FBJ SFLBCFLBEJ CDE LCES c3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHBQ UUX] ZU^^\[0 UU^^ ZU^^\[0U$]% ZU^^\[0 U$%^ ZU^^^[ FBJ U$&& ZU^^^[j HB LCQ F_EBJF ZQEE0 SHQC IEGEBCMW0 /EPHIC HN CDE3EGOILCW =HOBGLM0 U )O_OQC $]]\#%U fOMW $]]^0 8EBEIFM )QQESTMW0 'NNLGLFM /EGHIJQ0 X&CD QEQQLHB03OPPMESEBC 4HA $0 PPA %^ NNA FBJ U%$ NNA[A @OICDEISHIE0 =DFPCEI U&A% HN CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM@IFSEKHIa QECQ NHICD CDFC cwCxDE 3/38 A A A SFW ENNEGC FSEBJSEBCQ CH CDLQ =HBQCLCOCLHBFM@IFSEKHIajA -LBHI FSEBJSEBCQ KEIE ENNEGCEJ TW RLICOE HN 74-9. IE_OMFCLHBQ74-9.Y/58Y$]]$Y^ HN % -FW $]]$0 74-9.Y/58Y$]]dY$^ HN & 'GCHTEI $]]d074-9.Y/58Y$]]\YU HN \ fFBOFIW $]]\ FBJ 74-9.Y/58Y$]]\Y^ HN \ @ETIOFIW $]]\A @LBFMMW0BELCDEI 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ BHI CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIa GHBCFLBQ FGMFOQE PIHRLJLB_ NHI LCQ CEISLBFCLHB FBJ BELCDEI DFQ TEEB IEPEFMEJ+ CDEW CDEIENHIE GHBQCLCOCEJ CDE

LBCEIBFCLHBFM MFK FPPMLGFTME CH CDE QLCOFCLHB PIERFLMLB_ LB .HQHRH HB Ud @ETIOFIW $]]\A

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^%A @IHS CDE NHIE_HLB_0 CDE =HOIC GHBGMOJEQ CDFC 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[FBJ CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIa NHIS PFIC HN CDE LBCEIBFCLHBFM MFK KDLGD LQ CH TE GHBQLJEIEJ LBIEPMWLB_ CH CDE VOEQCLHB PHQEJ TW CDE 8EBEIFM )QQESTMW LB LCQ IEVOEQC NHI CDE FJRLQHIW HPLBLHBA

1. Interpretation of Security Council resolution 1244 (1999)

^&A 6ENHIE GHBCLBOLB_ NOICDEI0 CDE =HOIC SOQC IEGFMM QEREIFM NFGCHIQ IEMERFBC LB CDELBCEIPIECFCLHB HN IEQHMOCLHBQ HN CDE 3EGOILCW =HOBGLMA (DLME CDE IOMEQ HB CIEFCW LBCEIPIECFCLHBESTHJLEJ LB )ICLGMEQ %U FBJ %$ HN CDE <LEBBF =HBREBCLHB HB CDE 1FK HN ,IEFCLEQ SFW PIHRLJE_OLJFBGE0 JLNNEIEBGEQ TECKEEB 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHBQ FBJ CIEFCLEQ SEFB CDFC CDE LBCEIPIECFCLHBHN 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHBQ FMQH IEVOLIE CDFC HCDEI NFGCHIQ TE CFaEB LBCH FGGHOBCA 3EGOILCW

=HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHBQ FIE LQQOEJ TW F QLB_ME0 GHMMEGCLRE THJW FBJ FIE JIFNCEJ CDIHO_D F REIW JLNNEIEBC PIHGEQQ CDFB CDFC OQEJ NHI CDE GHBGMOQLHB HN F CIEFCWA 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHBQ FIE CDE PIHJOGCHN F RHCLB_ PIHGEQQ FQ PIHRLJEJ NHI LB )ICLGME $d HN CDE =DFICEI0 FBJ CDE NLBFM CEeC HN QOGDIEQHMOCLHBQ IEPIEQEBCQ CDE RLEK HN CDE 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM FQ F THJWA -HIEHREI0 3EGOILCW =HOBGLMIEQHMOCLHBQ GFB TE TLBJLB_ HB FMM -ESTEI 3CFCEQ Z Legal Consequences for States of the Continued

Presence of South Africa in Namibia (South West Africa) notwithstanding Security Council

Resolution 276 (1970), Advisory Opinion, I.C.J. Reports 19710 PA `&0 PFIFA UUX[0 LIIEQPEGCLRE HNKDECDEI CDEW PMFWEJ FBW PFIC LB CDELI NHISOMFCLHBA ,DE LBCEIPIECFCLHB HN 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM



# %` #

IEQHMOCLHBQ SFW IEVOLIE CDE =HOIC CH FBFMWQE QCFCESEBCQ TW IEPIEQEBCFCLREQ HN SESTEIQ HN CDE3EGOILCW =HOBGLM SFJE FC CDE CLSE HN CDELI FJHPCLHB0 HCDEI IEQHMOCLHBQ HN CDE 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM HBCDE QFSE LQQOE0 FQ KEMM FQ CDE QOTQEVOEBC PIFGCLGE HN IEMERFBC 7BLCEJ 4FCLHBQ HI_FBQ FBJ HN 3CFCEQFNNEGCEJ TW CDHQE _LREB IEQHMOCLHBQA

"

^`A ,DE =HOIC NLIQC BHCEQ CDFC IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ SOQC TE IEFJ LB GHBlOBGCLHB KLCD CDE_EBEIFM PILBGLPMEQ QEC HOC LB FBBEeEQ U FBJ $ CDEIECH0 QLBGE LB CDE IEQHMOCLHB LCQEMN0 CDE 3EGOILCW=HOBGLMb cUA Decide[d] CDFC F PHMLCLGFM QHMOCLHB CH CDE .HQHRH GILQLQ QDFMM TE TFQEJ HB CDE _EBEIFM

PILBGLPMEQ LB FBBEe U FBJ FQ NOICDEI EMFTHIFCEJ LB CDE PILBGLPMEQ FBJ HCDEI IEVOLIEJ EMESEBCQ LBFBBEe $Aj ,DHQE _EBEIFM PILBGLPMEQ QHO_DC CH JENOQE CDE .HQHRH GILQLQ NLIQC TW EBQOILB_ FB EBJ CHCDE RLHMEBGE FBJ IEPIEQQLHB LB .HQHRH FBJ TW CDE EQCFTMLQDSEBC HN FB LBCEILS FJSLBLQCIFCLHBA )MHB_EI#CEIS QHMOCLHB KFQ FMQH EBRLQF_EJ0 LB CDFC IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ KFQ CH LBLCLFCE

cwFx PHMLCLGFM PIHGEQQ CHKFIJQ CDE EQCFTMLQDSEBC HN FB LBCEILS PHMLCLGFM NIFSEKHIaF_IEESEBC PIHRLJLB_ NHI F QOTQCFBCLFM QEMN#_HREIBSEBC NHI .HQHRH0 CFaLB_ NOMM FGGHOBCHN CDE /FSTHOLMMEC FGGHIJQ FBJ CDE PILBGLPMEQ HN QHREIEL_BCW FBJ CEIILCHILFM LBCE_ILCW HNCDE @EJEIFM /EPOTMLG HN ?O_HQMFRLF FBJ CDE HCDEI GHOBCILEQ HN CDE IE_LHB0 FBJ CDEJESLMLCFILkFCLHB HN CDE .1)j Z3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ HNU] fOBE U^^^0 )BBA U0 QLeCD PILBGLPME+ ibid.0 )BBA $0 PFIFA \[A

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PIEQEBGE OBJEI 74-9.A 'B $` fOMW U^^^0 CDE 3PEGLFM /EPIEQEBCFCLRE HN CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM PIHSOM_FCEJ 74-9. IE_OMFCLHB U^^^YU0 JEESEJ CH DFRE EBCEIEJ LBCH NHIGE FQ HN U] fOBE U^^^0 CDEJFCE HN FJHPCLHB HN 3EGOILCW =HOBGLM IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[A 7BJEI CDLQ IE_OMFCLHB0 cwFxMMME_LQMFCLRE FBJ EeEGOCLRE FOCDHILCW KLCD IEQPEGC CH .HQHRH0 LBGMOJLB_ CDE FJSLBLQCIFCLHB HN CDE

lOJLGLFIWj0 KFQ REQCEJ LB 74-9. FBJ EeEIGLQEJ TW CDE 3PEGLFM /EPIEQEBCFCLREA <LEKEJ CH_ECDEI0IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ FBJ 74-9. IE_OMFCLHB U^^^YU CDEIENHIE DFJ CDE ENNEGC HN QOPEIQEJLB_ CDEME_FM HIJEI LB NHIGE FC CDFC CLSE LB CDE CEIILCHIW HN .HQHRH FBJ QECCLB_ OP FB LBCEIBFCLHBFM CEIILCHILFMFJSLBLQCIFCLHBA @HI CDLQ IEFQHB0 CDE EQCFTMLQDSEBC HN GLRLM FBJ QEGOILCW PIEQEBGEQ LB .HQHRHJEPMHWEJ HB CDE TFQLQ HN IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ SOQC TE OBJEIQCHHJ FQ FB EeGEPCLHBFM SEFQOIEIEMFCLB_ CH GLRLM0 PHMLCLGFM FBJ QEGOILCW FQPEGCQ FBJ FLSEJ FC FJJIEQQLB_ CDE GILQLQ EeLQCLB_ LB CDFCCEIILCHIW LB U^^^A



# %X #

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JEREMHPSEBC HN MHGFM LBQCLCOCLHBQ HN QEMN#_HREIBSEBC LB .HQHRH OBJEI CDE FE_LQ HN CDE LBCEILSLBCEIBFCLHBFM PIEQEBGEA

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U]]A ,DE =HOIC CDOQ GHBGMOJEQ CDFC CDE HTlEGC FBJ POIPHQE HN IEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ KFQ CHEQCFTMLQD F CESPHIFIW0 EeGEPCLHBFM ME_FM Ir_LSE KDLGD0 QFRE CH CDE EeCEBC CDFC LC EePIEQQMW PIEQEIREJ

LC0 QOPEIQEJEJ CDE 3EITLFB ME_FM HIJEI FBJ KDLGD FLSEJ FC CDE QCFTLMLkFCLHB HN .HQHRH0 FBJ CDFC LCKFQ JEQL_BEJ CH JH QH HB FB LBCEILS TFQLQA

2. The question whether the declaration of independence is in accordance with Security

Council resolution 1244 (1999) and the measures adopted thereunder

U]UA ,DE =HOIC KLMM BHK COIB CH CDE VOEQCLHB KDECDEI 3EGOILCW =HOBGLMIEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[0 HI CDE SEFQOIEQ FJHPCEJ CDEIEOBJEI0 LBCIHJOGEQ F QPEGLNLG PIHDLTLCLHB HBLQQOLB_ F JEGMFIFCLHB HN LBJEPEBJEBGE0 FPPMLGFTME CH CDHQE KDH FJHPCEJ CDE JEGMFIFCLHB HNLBJEPEBJEBGE HN Ud @ETIOFIW $]]\A 9B HIJEI CH FBQKEI CDLQ VOEQCLHB0 LC LQ NLIQC BEGEQQFIW0 FQEePMFLBEJ LB PFIF_IFPD `$ FTHRE0 NHI CDE =HOIC CH JECEISLBE PIEGLQEMW KDH LQQOEJ CDFC JEGMFIFCLHBA

(a) The identity of the authors of the declaration of independence

U]$A ,DE =HOIC BEEJQ CH JECEISLBE KDECDEI CDE JEGMFIFCLHB HN LBJEPEBJEBGE HNUd @ETIOFIW $]]\ KFQ FB FGC HN CDE c)QQESTMW HN .HQHRHj0 HBE HN CDE :IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HN3EMN#8HREIBSEBC0 EQCFTMLQDEJ OBJEI =DFPCEI ^ HN CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIa0 HI KDECDEI CDHQEKDH FJHPCEJ CDE JEGMFIFCLHB KEIE FGCLB_ LB F JLNNEIEBC GFPFGLCWA



# %d #

U]%A ,DE =HOIC BHCEQ CDFC JLNNEIEBC RLEKQ DFRE TEEB EePIEQQEJ IE_FIJLB_ CDLQ VOEQCLHBA 'BCDE HBE DFBJ0 LC DFQ TEEB QO__EQCEJ LB CDE PIHGEEJLB_Q TENHIE CDE =HOIC CDFC CDE SEECLB_ LB KDLGDCDE JEGMFIFCLHB KFQ FJHPCEJ KFQ F QEQQLHB HN CDE )QQESTMW HN .HQHRH0 HPEIFCLB_ FQ F :IHRLQLHBFM9BQCLCOCLHB HN 3EMN#8HREIBSEBC KLCDLB CDE MLSLCQ HN CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIaA 'CDEI

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U]&A ,DE =HOIC BHCEQ CDFC0 KDEB HPEBLB_ CDE SEECLB_ HN Ud @ETIOFIW $]]\ FC KDLGD CDEJEGMFIFCLHB HN LBJEPEBJEBGE KFQ FJHPCEJ0 CDE :IEQLJEBC HN CDE )QQESTMW FBJ CDE :ILSE -LBLQCEI HN.HQHRH SFJE IENEIEBGE CH CDE )QQESTMW HN .HQHRH FBJ CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIaA ,DE =HOICGHBQLJEIQ0 DHKEREI0 CDFC CDE JEGMFIFCLHB HN LBJEPEBJEBGE SOQC TE QEEB LB LCQ MFI_EI GHBCEeC0 CFaLB_LBCH FGGHOBC CDE EREBCQ PIEGEJLB_ LCQ FJHPCLHB0 BHCFTMW IEMFCLB_ CH CDE QH#GFMMEJ cNLBFM QCFCOQ

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# %\ #

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# &] #

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# &U #

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# &% #

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PFICLGLPFCEJ LB CDE PIHGEEJLB_Q TENHIE CDE =HOIC CDFC CDE PIHSOM_FCLHB HN F JEGMFIFCLHB HNLBJEPEBJEBGE LQ FB FGC HOCQLJE CDE PHKEIQ HN CDE :IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HN 3EMN#8HREIBSEBC FQ QECHOC LB CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIaA

U$UA ,DE =HOIC DFQ FMIEFJW DEMJ0 DHKEREI ZQEE PFIF_IFPDQ U]$ CH U]^ FTHRE[0 CDFC CDEJEGMFIFCLHB HN LBJEPEBJEBGE HN Ud @ETIOFIW $]]\ KFQ BHC LQQOEJ TW CDE :IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HN3EMN#8HREIBSEBC0 BHI KFQ LC FB FGC LBCEBJEJ CH CFaE ENNEGC0 HI FGCOFMMW CFaLB_ ENNEGC0 KLCDLB CDE ME_FMHIJEI LB KDLGD CDHQE :IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HPEIFCEJA 9C NHMMHKQ CDFC CDE FOCDHIQ HN CDE JEGMFIFCLHBHN LBJEPEBJEBGE KEIE BHC THOBJ TW CDE NIFSEKHIa HN PHKEIQ FBJ IEQPHBQLTLMLCLEQ EQCFTMLQDEJ CH_HREIB CDE GHBJOGC HN CDE :IHRLQLHBFM 9BQCLCOCLHBQ HN 3EMN#8HREIBSEBCA )GGHIJLB_MW0 CDE =HOICNLBJQ CDFC CDE JEGMFIFCLHB HN LBJEPEBJEBGE JLJ BHC RLHMFCE CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIaA

"

" "

V. GENERAL CONCLUSION

U$$A ,DE =HOIC DFQ GHBGMOJEJ FTHRE CDFC CDE FJHPCLHB HN CDE JEGMFIFCLHB HN LBJEPEBJEBGE HN

Ud @ETIOFIW $]]\ JLJ BHC RLHMFCE _EBEIFM LBCEIBFCLHBFM MFK0 3EGOILCW =HOBGLMIEQHMOCLHB U$&& ZU^^^[ HI CDE =HBQCLCOCLHBFM @IFSEKHIaA =HBQEVOEBCMW CDE FJHPCLHB HN CDFCJEGMFIFCLHB JLJ BHC RLHMFCE FBW FPPMLGFTME IOME HN LBCEIBFCLHBFM MFKA

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" "

U$%A @HI CDEQE IEFQHBQ0

,25 ='7/,0

ZU[ 7BFBLSHOQMW0

Finds CDFC LC DFQ lOILQJLGCLHB CH _LRE CDE FJRLQHIW HPLBLHB IEVOEQCEJ+

Z$[ 6W BLBE RHCEQ CH NLRE0

Decides CH GHSPMW KLCD CDE IEVOEQC NHI FB FJRLQHIW HPLBLHB+



# && #

94 @)<'7/ b President 'KFJF+ Judges )M#.DFQFKBED0 6OEI_EBCDFM0 3LSSF0 )TIFDFS03EPzMREJF#)SHI0 =FB{FJH ,ILBJFJE0 ?OQON0 8IEEBKHHJ+

)8)943,b Vice-President ,HSaF+ Judges .HIHSF0 .ELCD0 6EBBHOBF0 3aHCBLaHR+

Z%[ 6W CEB RHCEQ CH NHOI0

Is of the opinion CDFC CDE JEGMFIFCLHB HN LBJEPEBJEBGE HN .HQHRH FJHPCEJ HBUd @ETIOFIW $]]\ JLJ BHC RLHMFCE LBCEIBFCLHBFM MFKA

94 @)<'7/ b President 'KFJF+ Judges )M#.DFQFKBED0 6OEI_EBCDFM0 3LSSF0 )TIFDFS0.ELCD0 3EPzMREJF#)SHI0 =FB{FJH ,ILBJFJE0 ?OQON0 8IEEBKHHJ+

)8)943,b Vice-President ,HSaF+ Judges .HIHSF0 6EBBHOBF0 3aHCBLaHRA

*HBE LB 5B_MLQD FBJ LB @IEBGD0 CDE 5B_MLQD CEeC TELB_ FOCDHILCFCLRE0 FC CDE :EFGE :FMFGE0,DE 2F_OE0 CDLQ CKEBCW#QEGHBJ JFW HN fOMW0 CKH CDHOQFBJ FBJ CEB0 LB CKH GHPLEQ0 HBE HN KDLGD KLMM

TE PMFGEJ LB CDE FIGDLREQ HN CDE =HOIC FBJ CDE HCDEI CIFBQSLCCEJ CH CDE 3EGIECFIW#8EBEIFM HN CDE7BLCEJ 4FCLHBQA

(Signed) 2LQFQDL '()*)0:IEQLJEBCA

(Signed) :DLMLPPE ='7</57/ 0/E_LQCIFIA

<LGE#:IEQLJEBC ,'-.) FPPEBJQ F JEGMFIFCLHB CH CDE )JRLQHIW 'PLBLHB HN CDE =HOIC+fOJ_E . '/'-) FPPEBJQ F JLQQEBCLB_ HPLBLHB CH CDE )JRLQHIW 'PLBLHB HN CDE =HOIC+ fOJ_E 39--)

FPPEBJQ F JEGMFIFCLHB CH CDE )JRLQHIW 'PLBLHB HN CDE =HOIC+ fOJ_EQ . 59,2 FBJ 35:;1<5*)#)-'/ FPPEBJ QEPFIFCE HPLBLHBQ CH CDE )JRLQHIW 'PLBLHB HN CDE =HOIC+ fOJ_EQ 6544'74) FBJ3.',49.'< FPPEBJ JLQQEBCLB_ HPLBLHBQ CH CDE )JRLQHIW 'PLBLHB HN CDE =HOIC+ fOJ_EQ =)4>)*' ,/94*)*5 FBJ ?737@ FPPEBJ QEPFIFCE HPLBLHBQ CH CDE )JRLQHIW 'PLBLHB HN CDE

=HOICA

(Initialled) 2A 'A

(Initialled) :DA =A

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