icid 18 congress and 53 iec meeting montreal july 21-28 ,2002 · icid 18 congress and 53 iec...
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ICID 18 Congress and 53 IEC Meeting
Montreal July 21-28 ,2002
Web site : www.cancid.org , e-mail : [email protected]
Desire to alleviate poverty and hunger especially in rural areas
Poverty , Food and Water
Food surplus and deficit in 1995
NEED
TRENDREQUIREMENT
Increase irrigated area, productivity, water use efficiency
World cereal production = consumption = 2000 M metric tons
[2 B tons for 6 B persons]
1 ton of cereals = 3-5 barrels of oil
World Hunger Data
Extreme hunger and starvation in the world today
Malnutrition and children
Persisting hunger
Challenge
Order of Magnitude of Energy Resources
WEC Survey of Energy Resources 2004Coal
North America
South America
Europe
AfricaMiddle East
Asia
Oceania
RESERVES909 Gt
PRODUCTION4.8 Gt/year
CONSUMPTION4.8 Gt/year
50
255
20
258
247
0.4
79
WEC Survey of Energy Resources 2004Oil
North America
South America
Europe
AfricaMiddle East
Asia
Oceania
RESERVES148 Gt
PRODUCTION3.5 Gt/year
CONSUMPTION3.5 Gt/year
R/P RATIO41.2 years
34
11
42
15 91
19
9
WEC Survey of Energy Resources 2004Natural Gas
North America
South America
Europe
AfricaMiddle East
Asia
Oceania
RESERVES171 tcm
PRODUCTION2.6 tcm/year
CONSUMPTION2.6 tcm/year
R/P RATIO59.8 years
70
9
57
56
>100 40
29
WEC Survey of Energy Resources 2004 Hydropower: Usage/Potential (2002)
I------Drought-----------I-----Flood--I
More than two thirds of the world water reservoirs are used for irrigation and food production to feed billions of the world poor and stamped out the starvation prevailed in 1950’s.
Water Stress : needs and availability
Trends of pressure on water resources
Water scarcity ranking under business as usual scenario in 2025
©IWMI, 2001
Limited investments in new water infrastructure reduce irrigation expansion and prevent water scarcity– but food scarcity is the result.
Physical water scarcity
Economic water scarcity
Production scarcity No water scarcity Not analysed
Business as usual Scenario
What is a Dam?There are a number of technical There are a number of technical and legal definitions of a dam and legal definitions of a dam but generally it is any structure but generally it is any structure that impounds or diverts water.that impounds or diverts water.
Charateristics of dams:
Large Dams PredominanceIRR-----HP------ HP----- IRR----- IRR----- EVEN
Asia picked up speed about a decade later. Needs resumption.
Dam building:
Statistics fromthe WRD 98 on the role of
dams7 000 km3 of storage -
including dead storage - builtmainly during the last century
Static vision: some results
on dams , dykes , levees ?…
World CommissionONDAMS ( 1997-2000)•A special Commission created to deal with the issues related to large dams and environmental controversies related to the safety , construction , operation and decommissioning of dams.
The World Bank
President of ICID statement to the WCD
The « DIVIDE»
FAMOUS DAMS OF THE WORLD
Grand Coullee ASWAN TARBELA
Three Gorges
INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ONCOMMISSION ONLARGE DAMSLARGE DAMS
KYOTO WWF3 March 21thKYOTO WWF3 March 21th
Data from ICOLD Central Office
ASWANa success !
Data from ICOLD CO
Environment
• Floods• Sediment• Drainage• Shoreline
navigation• Resettlement
50 000• Fauna• Health• Heritage …