iccf17 tech-ppt cecr with sri

© 2010 SRI International

Controlled Electron Capture and Low Energy Nuclear Reactions

Francis Tanzella Michael McKubre

SRI International, Menlo Park, CA USA

Robert Godes Robert George

Brillouin Energy Corporation, Berkeley, CA USA

Presented at the 17h International Conference on Condensed Matter Nuclear Science Daejeon, Korea August 13, 2012


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Outline   Background

  Controlled Electron Capture Hypothesis

  Experimental

  Open-Cell Pd-H2O Electrolysis

  Pressurized Cell Ni-H2O Electrolysis

  Stimulation Method

  Calorimetry Methods

  Results

  Open-Cell

  Pressurized Cell

  Summary and Conclusions

  Future Work


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Background: Stimulation Leads to Anomalous Effects   Celani, et al.:

 Microsecond pulse electrolysis yields excess power  Electromigration leads to high loading and yields excess power  Fusion Technology, 29, 398 (1996)

  Dardik, et al.:  Multiple frequency stimulation yields high loading and generates excess power  ICCF15 Conference Proceedings, 307 (2012)

  DeNinno, Scaramuzzi, et al.:  Axial current through PdDx yields high loading and generates excess power  ICCF8 Conference Proceedings, 70, 47 (2000)

  Mengoli, et al.:  Axial current through PdDx increases loading and gives nuclear effects (i. e. n0)  Nuovo Cimento A, 108A, 1187 (1995)

  Celani, Tripodi, et al.:  Low concentration electrolyte (high electrolytic and axial voltage) yields excess

power  Physics Letters A, 276, 122 (2000)


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Hypothesis: Controlled Electron Capture Reaction

  LENR (LANR?) catalyzes the reverse of the exothermic reaction:

  Spatial confinement in lattice raises the energy of dissolved hydrogen.   In combination with effects of nonbonding energy raises total value of

Hamiltonian comprising coulomb, nonbonding, and confinement.  A Hamiltonian with ≥ 782keV can cause a proton to capture an electron

to yield an ultra cold neutron.  A Hamiltonian with ≥ 3MeV allows a deuteron to capture an electron

and form a di-neutron.  Newly generated neutron(s) in a lattice will react with hydrogen

isotopes which tunnel into the same lattice position (< 1ns)  This process could be successive ending with:

n→ p + β + 782keV

4H→ 4He+β + (17− 21MeV )


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Hypothesis: Possible Controlled Electron Capture Reactions

p + ≥ 782KeV + e- » n + νe

p + n » d + 2.2MeV

d + n » T + 6.3MeV

T + n » 4H + (?MeV) 4H » 4He + β¯+ νe + (17 - 21)MeV

d + (up to 3MeV) + e- » 2n + νe

2n + d » 4H + (?MeV) 4H » 4He + β¯+ νe + (17 - 21)MeV


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Experimental: Calorimetry


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Experimental: Calorimetry   Heat transfer fluid (MobileTherm 603) recirculating through coil in electrolyte   98% of resistive heater input recovered   Up to 200°C and up to 130bar.   A re-circulating chiller (Neslab RTE111)   A 100MHz Fluke 196C oscilloscope meter, operating in "AC (rms) + DC" mode,   The only input to the system is electric power and the only output from the system is heat   Heat losses at different temperatures measured


Results: Open Cell


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Results: Pressurized Cell   Ni/H2O electrolysis   50% Excess power most of the 66 hour run   Pulse: Swept repetition rate, stepped amplitude, third proprietary function

Fig. 3. Plot of power and temperature versus time for Experiment 1


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Results: Pressurized Cell   Ni/H2O Electrolysis   50% Excess Power over 14 hours   Pulse: Swept Rep. rate, stepped amplitude, third proprietary function, constant Pin


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Results: Pressurized Cell   Continuation of Ni/H2O Electrolysis on last slide   Excess Power jumped from 55% to 70%   Pulse function parameters changed with minimal change in input power

Fig. 5. Calorimetric results from Experiment 3 continued


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Results: Pressurized Cell   Part of Ni/H2O electrolysis experiment   Excess Power ≥75% for 11 hours, ≥80% for 7 hours   Pulse function parameters changed with no change in input power

Fig. 6. Calorimetric results from Experiment 4


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Results: Pressurized Cell   Part of Ni/H2O electrolysis experiment   Excess Power ≥100% for 6 hours   Pulse function parameters changed with minimal change in input power

Fig. 7. Calorimetric results from Experiment 5


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Results: Pressurized Cell

  Part of Ni/H2O electrolysis experiment   Excess Power alternated between 0 and 20%   Alternating pulse repetition rate led to Pxs alternating between 0 and 20%


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Results: Pressurized Cell


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Summary

  LENR reactions reportedly stimulated by axial electrical pulses

  Excess power reported in axial electrical pulse LENR experiments

  Over 150 experiments and two different cell/calorimeter designs.

  Pd/H2O and Ni/H2O electrolysis   Excess power always seen where Q pulses are tuned to the

“resonance” of the hydride conductors   Excess power on demand using light water electrolysis after finding

“resonance”


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Conclusions

  Excess power >100% possible in Ni/H2O system

  Pulsed axial and cathode voltage give excess power in our system

  Excess power depends on pulse repetition rate

  Other proprietary pulse parameters necessary to give 25 – 100% Pxs

  CEC hypothesis (mechanism) may be wrong, but ..   Experimental conditions and results are consistent with CEC

hypothesis   Should work with any metal that confines hydrogen isotopes to allow

for CEC reactions


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Future Work

  Gas phase H2 or D2 on high surface area Ni

  Higher Temperatures (~500°C)

  Useful temperature and heat

  Expect even higher excess power

  Hopefully adequate for path to commercialization


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iccf17 tech-ppt cecr with sri

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